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Chip-fiber-chip quantum teleportation in a star-topology quantum network. 星型拓扑量子网络中的芯片-光纤-芯片量子隐形传态。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02034-2
Anahita Khodadad Kashi,Michael Kues
A recent research reports on chip-fiber-chip quantum teleportation of time-bin-encoded qubits over a 12.3 km optical fiber link within a star-topology quantum network, composed of an on-chip accommodated user node, relay node and a central node. An active feedback optimization scheme is embedded to ensure highly stable Bell state measurements.
最近的一项研究报告了在由片上容纳用户节点、中继节点和中心节点组成的星形拓扑量子网络中,通过12.3公里光纤链路实现时间二进制编码量子比特的芯片-光纤-芯片量子隐形传态。一个主动反馈优化方案嵌入,以确保高度稳定的贝尔状态测量。
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引用次数: 0
Significant reduction of corrosion of stainless steel by strong-field laser surface passivation. 强场激光表面钝化显著降低不锈钢的腐蚀。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01952-5
Liansheng Zheng,Hongwei Zang,Yuan Liu,Yukun Xiao,Yingbo Cong,Zhen Cheng,Ganwen Chen,Zhenxiang Xing,Jisheng Pan,Qing Jiang,Wei Chen,Kaoru Yamanouchi,Huailiang Xu,Ruxin Li
Stainless steels are basic corrosion-resistant materials, but despite great efforts for over a century, they still suffer inevitably from environmental erosions by ubiquitous chemical reactions, resulting in typical corrosion rates at dozens of μm∙yr-1. Here, we developed a strong-field laser passivation strategy to obtain super corrosion-resistant stainless steels through forming a hybrid µm-Fe3O4/Fe2O3/Cr2O3 passivation layer with unique bionic taro-leaf-like hierarchically heterogeneous Cassie-state micro/nanostructure morphologies. We observed up to 100,000-fold reduction in the corrosion rate of AISI 304 steel in saline, acidic as well as alkaline solutions. The ultralow corrosion rate can remain for >6500 hours. The generality was exemplified by exhibiting extreme anticorrosion enhancements of AISI 316, 420, 201, 430, and 2205 steels under the same conditions. This study reveals a new strategy for achieving super corrosion-resistant performance of stainless steels in various harsh environments.
不锈钢是基本的耐腐蚀材料,但尽管经过了一个多世纪的努力,它们仍然不可避免地受到无处不在的化学反应的环境侵蚀,导致典型的腐蚀速率为数十μm∙yr-1。在这里,我们开发了一种强场激光钝化策略,通过形成具有独特的仿芋头叶状分层非均相卡西态微/纳米结构形态的混合μ m-Fe3O4/Fe2O3/Cr2O3钝化层来获得超级耐腐蚀不锈钢。我们观察到AISI 304钢在盐水、酸性和碱性溶液中的腐蚀速率降低了10万倍。超低腐蚀速率可保持6500h。在相同的条件下,AISI 316、420、201、430和2205钢的抗腐蚀能力得到了极大的提高。该研究揭示了在各种恶劣环境下实现不锈钢超耐腐蚀性能的新策略。
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引用次数: 0
Weak-disturbance imaging and characterization of ultra-confined optical near fields. 超受限光学近场弱扰动成像与表征。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01951-6
Liu Yang,Yaolong Li,Jinglin Tang,Zhanke Zhou,Hongliang Dang,Zhaohang Xue,Xiaofang Li,Zini Cao,Yijie Luo,Hong Yang,Xiongyong Hu,Wei Wang,Xin Guo,Pan Wang,Guowei Lyu,Qihuang Gong,Limin Tong
Ultra-confined optical fields are of great importance in fundamental optics and optical technologies. The extreme field confinement in ultra-small nanostructures presents significant challenges in direct near-field characterization. Conventional scanning near-field optical microscopy encounters difficulties in characterizing sub-10-nm confined light fields due to significant disturbances of the optical field caused by the probe. Here, by employing a high spatial-resolved photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM), we succeeded in imaging the ultra-confined near fields of a nanoslit mode in a coupled nanowire pair (CNP) with weak disturbance for the first time and demonstrating a quasi-three-dimensional field distribution of the nanoslit mode. We also show that a PEEM image can identify fabrication defects that are influential to the confined field but are imperceptible to many other means. These results open an opportunity for weak-disturbance characterization of ultra-confined optical near fields, which is an essential step toward future optical devices or technology relying on ultra-confined light.
超受限光场在基础光学和光学技术中具有重要意义。超小纳米结构中的极端场约束对直接近场表征提出了重大挑战。由于探针对光场的干扰较大,传统的扫描近场光学显微镜在表征亚10nm受限光场时遇到了困难。本文首次利用高空间分辨光电电子显微镜(PEEM),成功地对耦合纳米线对(CNP)中具有弱扰动的纳米狭缝模式的超受限近场进行了成像,并展示了纳米狭缝模式的准三维场分布。我们还表明,PEEM图像可以识别出对受限场有影响的制造缺陷,而这些缺陷是许多其他方法无法察觉的。这些结果为超受限光近场的弱扰动表征提供了机会,这是未来依赖超受限光的光学器件或技术的重要一步。
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引用次数: 0
Attosecond quantum uncertainty dynamics and ultrafast squeezed light for quantum communication. 用于量子通信的阿秒量子不确定动力学和超快压缩光。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02055-x
Mohamed Sennary,Javier Rivera-Dean,Mohamed ElKabbash,Vladimir Pervak,Maciej Lewenstein,Mohammed Th Hassan
Advancements in quantum optics and squeezed light generation have revolutionized various fields of quantum science over the past three decades, with notable applications such as gravitational wave detection. Here, we extend the use of squeezed light to the realm of ultrafast quantum science. We demonstrate the generation of the shortest ultrafast synthesized quantum light pulses spanning 0.33 to 0.73 PHz by a degenerate four-wave mixing nonlinear process. Experimental metrology results confirm that these pulses exhibit amplitude squeezing, which is consistent with theoretical predictions. Moreover, we observe the temporal dynamics of amplitude uncertainty of the squeezed light, demonstrating that quantum uncertainty of light is controllable and tunable in real time. Additionally, we demonstrate control over the quantum state of light by switching between amplitude and phase squeezing. Our ability to generate and manipulate ultrafast, squeezed, synthesized light waveforms with attosecond resolution unlocks exciting possibilities for quantum technologies, including petahertz-scale secure quantum communication, quantum computing, and ultrafast spectroscopy. As an example, we introduce an attosecond quantum encryption protocol leveraging squeezed synthesized light for secure digital communication at unprecedented speeds. This work paves the way for exploring quantum uncertainty dynamics and establishes the foundation for the emerging ultrafast and attosecond quantum science fields.
在过去的三十年里,量子光学和压缩光产生的进步彻底改变了量子科学的各个领域,其中引人注目的应用包括引力波探测。在这里,我们将压缩光的使用扩展到超快量子科学领域。通过简并四波混合非线性过程,我们证明了最短的超快合成量子光脉冲的产生,其长度为0.33至0.73 PHz。实验测量结果证实这些脉冲表现出幅度压缩,这与理论预测一致。此外,我们还观察了压缩光振幅不确定度的时间动态,证明了光的量子不确定度是实时可控和可调的。此外,我们还演示了通过在振幅和相位压缩之间切换来控制光的量子态。我们以阿秒分辨率生成和操纵超快、压缩、合成光波形的能力,为量子技术解锁了令人兴奋的可能性,包括佩赫兹级安全量子通信、量子计算和超快光谱学。作为一个例子,我们介绍了一种阿秒量子加密协议,利用压缩合成光以前所未有的速度进行安全的数字通信。这项工作为探索量子不确定性动力学铺平了道路,并为新兴的超快和阿秒量子科学领域奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Terahertz graphene-based tunable capacitance metamaterials with ultra-high amplitude modulation depth. 具有超高调幅深度的太赫兹石墨烯基可调电容超材料。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02037-z
Zi-Jun Guo,Geng-Bo Wu
By combining substrate-side, phase-cancelling reflection with monolayer graphene reconfigured as nanoscale tunable lateral capacitors within metasurface unit cells, terahertz amplitude modulation exceeding 40 dB at around 2 THz with 30 MHz reconfiguration speed is demonstrated under solid-state, room-temperature conditions. The design provides a scalable and practical platform for high-speed, large-dynamic-range terahertz communications, real-time imaging, and programmable photonic circuits.
通过将基板侧相抵消反射与单层石墨烯相结合,在超表面单元胞内重新配置为纳米级可调横向电容器,在固态室温条件下,以30 MHz的重新配置速度在2太赫兹左右调制超过40 dB的太赫兹幅度。该设计为高速、大动态范围太赫兹通信、实时成像和可编程光子电路提供了一个可扩展的实用平台。
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引用次数: 0
Modulating parallel photon avalanche in Ho3+ for multicolor nanoscopy and related applications. 在多色纳米显微镜中调制平行光子雪崩及其相关应用。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02033-3
Dingxin Huang,Yung Doug Suh,Guanying Chen
Tuning the emissive chromaticity of parallel photon avalanches in Ho3+-doped nanoparticles with dual reservoir levels enables multicolor super-resolution imaging under 965 nm single wavelength continuous-wave excitation.
调整双储层掺杂的平行光子雪崩的发射色度,可以实现965 nm单波长连续波激发下的多色超分辨率成像。
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引用次数: 0
Recent progress in the patterning of perovskite films for photodetector applications. 光电探测器用钙钛矿薄膜的图案化研究进展。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01958-z
Chuantao Hu,Bo Li,Xiaoyue Wang,Chi Liu,Dongming Sun,Huiming Cheng
Photodetectors, as the core devices for optical signal conversion, need to balance high efficiency, fast response, and low-cost fabrication. Perovskite, with its advantages of high carrier mobility and tunable band gaps, have become an ideal alternative to silicon-based materials. This paper systematically reviews the progress in the patterned fabrication techniques and device construction of perovskite photodetectors across various dimensional material systems. First, it introduces five mainstream patterned fabrication methods for perovskites: template-confined growth, inkjet printing, vapor deposition, seed-induced growth, and conventional photolithography. Then, the latest research on image sensors based on perovskite materials in different dimensions is discussed. Following this, the paper highlights two promising application directions with great development potential: flexible wearable devices and electrochemical vision systems. Finally, the challenges and potential solutions for the future development of patterned perovskite photodetectors are presented to guide the development of high-performance perovskite optoelectronic devices.
光电探测器作为光信号转换的核心器件,需要兼顾高效率、快速响应和低成本制造。钙钛矿具有高载流子迁移率和可调带隙的优点,已成为硅基材料的理想替代品。本文系统地综述了钙钛矿光电探测器在不同维度材料体系中的图像化制造技术和器件结构的研究进展。首先,介绍了五种主流的钙钛矿图像化制造方法:模板约束生长、喷墨印刷、气相沉积、种子诱导生长和传统光刻。然后,讨论了不同尺寸钙钛矿材料图像传感器的最新研究进展。在此基础上,重点介绍了两个极具发展潜力的应用方向:柔性可穿戴设备和电化学视觉系统。最后,提出了钙钛矿光电探测器未来发展面临的挑战和可能的解决方案,以指导高性能钙钛矿光电器件的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Ultra-highly linear Ga2O3-based cascade heterojunctions optoelectronic synapse with thousands of conductance states for neuromorphic visual system. 神经形态视觉系统中具有数千个电导状态的超线性ga2o3级联异质结光电突触。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01897-9
Peng Li,Xuanyu Shan,Ya Lin,Yi Du,Jiangang Ma,Zhongqiang Wang,Xiaoning Zhao,Ye Tao,Haiyang Xu,Yichun Liu
Ultrawide bandgap semiconductor optoelectronic synapses can perform high-parallel computing with a low false alarm rate, making them ideal for building deep-ultraviolet (DUV) neuromorphic visual system (NVS). However, the rapid carrier recombination in these optoelectronic synapses results in a poor number of conductance states and a low linear weight update protocol, consequently degrading the image recognition accuracy of DUV NVSs. This work proposes a type of cascade heterojunctions capable of finely tuning the dynamics of photogenerated carriers, utilizing aluminum interdigital electrodes sandwiched between tin-doped Ga2O3 and oxygen-deficient hafnium oxide (GTO/Al/HfOx) films. The built-in fields at the GTO/HfOx heterojunction and the Al/HfOx hole Schottky junction interfaces facilitate the separation of photogenerated carriers and the subsequent trapping of holes by the oxygen defects in the HfOx, respectively. The GTO/Al/HfOx optoelectronic synapses exhibit an ultrahigh responsivity of over 104 A/W and a large photo-to-dark current ratio of 6 × 105, which results in exceptional synaptic plasticity with unprecedented 4096 conductance states and excellent linearity with a fitting coefficient of 0.992. These attributes enable the GTO/Al/HfOx optoelectronic synapses to execute logical operations with fault-tolerance capability and to achieve high-accuracy fingerprint classification. The innovative cascade heterojunctions design, along with the elucidated carrier dynamics modulation mechanism, facilitates the development of DUV NVSs.
超宽带隙半导体光电突触可以实现高并行计算和低误报率,是构建深紫外(DUV)神经形态视觉系统的理想选择。然而,这些光电突触中的快速载流子重组导致电导状态数量少,线性权重更新协议低,从而降低了DUV NVSs的图像识别精度。这项工作提出了一种能够精细调节光生载流子动力学的级联异质结,利用夹在掺锡Ga2O3和缺氧氧化铪(GTO/Al/HfOx)薄膜之间的铝数字间电极。GTO/HfOx异质结和Al/HfOx空穴Schottky结界面上的内置场分别促进了光生载流子的分离和随后由HfOx中的氧缺陷捕获空穴。GTO/Al/HfOx光电突触具有超过104 A/W的超高响应度和6 × 105的大光暗电流比,具有前所未有的4096电导状态和优良的线性度,拟合系数为0.992。这些特性使GTO/Al/HfOx光电突触能够执行具有容错能力的逻辑操作,并实现高精度指纹分类。创新的级联异质结设计,以及阐明的载流子动力学调制机制,促进了DUV NVSs的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Edge states jointly determined by eigenvalue and eigenstate winding. 边缘状态由特征值和特征态绕组共同决定。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02038-y
Jinbing Hu,Yixin Sha,Yi Yang
A photonic synthetic angular-momentum lattice realizes non-Hermitian topological edge modes that are jointly determined by the eigenstate and eigenenergy winding numbers.
光子合成角动量晶格实现了由本征态和本征能圈数共同决定的非厄米拓扑边缘模式。
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引用次数: 0
Localization of single molecules with structured illumination and structured detection. 用结构照明和结构检测定位单分子。
Q1 OPTICS Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01980-1
Luciano A Masullo
A new high-precision single-molecule localization scheme, ISM-FLUX, is an implementation of MINFLUX using image-scanning microscopy (ISM) with a single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) array detector. ISM-FLUX results in a larger localization range, enhancing the robustness of the localization scheme and it also potentially enables experiments in which absorption and emission of a single fluorophore can be probed independently.
一种新的高精度单分子定位方案ISM- flux是利用图像扫描显微镜(ISM)和单光子雪崩二极管(SPAD)阵列探测器实现的MINFLUX。ISM-FLUX的定位范围更大,增强了定位方案的鲁棒性,并且还可能使实验能够独立探测单个荧光团的吸收和发射。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Light-Science & Applications
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