Abstract Si3N4 and Invar alloy brazed joints were achieved using two types of Ag-based interlayers: a Ag–Cu–In–Ti foil and a Ag–Cu–In–Ti/Cu/Ag–Cu multi-interlayer. The results showed that when only using a single Ag–Cu–In–Ti filler, the wave-shaped Fe2Ti + Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds are concentrated in the middle of the brazing seam. When adding Cu as the interlayer, the dissolution of the Cu interlayer formed a large number of Cu(s,s) blocks of different sizes in the brazing seam, which hindered the concentrated distribution of Fe2Ti + Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds in the brazing seam. As a result, Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti were dispersedly distributed in the brazing seam, increasing the shear strength of the brazed joint. The shear strength of brazed joints was increased by 82 % compared to joints brazed with a single Ag–Cu–In–Ti filler when the Cu interlayer was added.
{"title":"Interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Si3N4/Invar joints using Ag–Cu–In–Ti with Cu foil as an interlayer","authors":"Tong Zhao, Defeng Mo, Xue Li, Haimei Gong","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0221","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Si3N4 and Invar alloy brazed joints were achieved using two types of Ag-based interlayers: a Ag–Cu–In–Ti foil and a Ag–Cu–In–Ti/Cu/Ag–Cu multi-interlayer. The results showed that when only using a single Ag–Cu–In–Ti filler, the wave-shaped Fe2Ti + Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds are concentrated in the middle of the brazing seam. When adding Cu as the interlayer, the dissolution of the Cu interlayer formed a large number of Cu(s,s) blocks of different sizes in the brazing seam, which hindered the concentrated distribution of Fe2Ti + Ni3Ti intermetallic compounds in the brazing seam. As a result, Fe2Ti and Ni3Ti were dispersedly distributed in the brazing seam, increasing the shear strength of the brazed joint. The shear strength of brazed joints was increased by 82 % compared to joints brazed with a single Ag–Cu–In–Ti filler when the Cu interlayer was added.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study experimentally investigated the energy-absorbing capability of foam-filled 6063-T5 aluminum tubes. Thus, different sample combinations were created with two different foams, PVC (80 kg m−3) and aluminum (200, 350 kg m−3), which were used as filling materials. The first group of samples consisted of uniform foam-filled aluminum tubes. In contrast, tubes were filled with radially graded foams in the second group, which included a ring PVC foam and a cylindrical aluminum foam in the center. Empty tube absorbed 329 J, while it reached the values of 384, 488, and 606 J by using PVC and low- and high-density aluminum foams, respectively. The specific energy absorption value of the empty tube was obtained as 23.2 J g−1. In comparison, it was 19.3 J g−1 in the high-density aluminum foam-filled sample, although it absorbed the highest energy value. This shows that high-density aluminum foam was inefficient in terms of the crashworthiness of the structure. Finally, the best sample regarding the specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency was obtained in the sample where the PVC foam ring and high-density aluminum tube were used together. This sample had 7 % higher specific energy absorption and 34 % higher crush force efficiency than the empty tube.
{"title":"Investigation on quasi-static axial crushing of Al/PVC foam-filled Al6063-T5 tubes","authors":"M. M. Yalçın","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0273","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study experimentally investigated the energy-absorbing capability of foam-filled 6063-T5 aluminum tubes. Thus, different sample combinations were created with two different foams, PVC (80 kg m−3) and aluminum (200, 350 kg m−3), which were used as filling materials. The first group of samples consisted of uniform foam-filled aluminum tubes. In contrast, tubes were filled with radially graded foams in the second group, which included a ring PVC foam and a cylindrical aluminum foam in the center. Empty tube absorbed 329 J, while it reached the values of 384, 488, and 606 J by using PVC and low- and high-density aluminum foams, respectively. The specific energy absorption value of the empty tube was obtained as 23.2 J g−1. In comparison, it was 19.3 J g−1 in the high-density aluminum foam-filled sample, although it absorbed the highest energy value. This shows that high-density aluminum foam was inefficient in terms of the crashworthiness of the structure. Finally, the best sample regarding the specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency was obtained in the sample where the PVC foam ring and high-density aluminum tube were used together. This sample had 7 % higher specific energy absorption and 34 % higher crush force efficiency than the empty tube.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"15 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139438814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract One of the most researched technologies among technologies used for producing complex and diverse parts today is additive manufacturing. In additive manufacturing, production can be carried out using thermoplastic and metal materials without requiring an additional process. Among the additive manufacturing technologies, the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method is the most widely used method worldwide due to its affordability and broad application area. FFF is a method in which part formation is achieved by depositing melted materials on each other. In recent years, polymer materials such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) have been frequently used in many industrial areas in the FFF method because they are lightweight, inexpensive, sustainable, and provide sufficient strength for engineering applications. This study conducted tensile, three-point bending, Charpy, and compression tests on PLA, PETG, and ABS materials at angles of 15°–75° and 30°–60°, and the results were compared.
{"title":"Experimental analysis of the effects of different production directions on the mechanical characteristics of ABS, PLA, and PETG materials produced by FDM","authors":"Mehmet Umut Erdaş, B. Yildiz, Ali Rıza Yıldız","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One of the most researched technologies among technologies used for producing complex and diverse parts today is additive manufacturing. In additive manufacturing, production can be carried out using thermoplastic and metal materials without requiring an additional process. Among the additive manufacturing technologies, the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) method is the most widely used method worldwide due to its affordability and broad application area. FFF is a method in which part formation is achieved by depositing melted materials on each other. In recent years, polymer materials such as polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG), and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) have been frequently used in many industrial areas in the FFF method because they are lightweight, inexpensive, sustainable, and provide sufficient strength for engineering applications. This study conducted tensile, three-point bending, Charpy, and compression tests on PLA, PETG, and ABS materials at angles of 15°–75° and 30°–60°, and the results were compared.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"50 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nima Babaei, Jing Wang, Elisabeth Kisseler, Marc Ackermann, Sebastian Wipp, Alexander Gramlich, Ulrich Krupp
Abstract Data streams in science and economy are becoming increasingly automatized. This has various advantages compared to previous, user-dependent analyses, in which the same results are analyzed differently by different persons. Even though these differences are only of a certain degree, they can lead to false estimations of underlying material and process parameters as well as to missing comparability. In order to automatize previously user-dependent processes in the analysis of material tests, a modular database management system, called idCarl, has been developed. This system places a module as analysis pipeline between the experimental machine and the database. The database management system can be expanded with diverse modules, enabling the generation of user-independent data, which are fed automatically into the database. To provide an example, a module is applied to the common procedure of tensile testing based on DIN EN ISO 6892 and CWA 15261-2. The module determines automatically Young’s modulus and other parameters derived thereof. The method for determining the measurement uncertainties of the Young’s modulus is improved and compatibility with the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” (GUM) is achieved. The existing method in ISO and CWA standards provides in some cases an underestimation of about 112 %.
摘要 科学和经济领域的数据流正日益自动化。与以往依赖用户的分析相比，这具有各种优势，在以往的分析中，不同的人对相同的结果进行不同的分析。尽管这些差异仅在一定程度上存在，但它们可能导致对基本材料和工艺参数的错误估算，以及可比性的缺失。为了使以前依赖用户的材料试验分析过程自动化，我们开发了一个模块化数据库管理系统 idCarl。该系统在试验机和数据库之间放置了一个模块作为分析管道。数据库管理系统可通过不同的模块进行扩展，从而生成与用户无关的数据，并自动输入数据库。举例来说，该模块适用于基于 DIN EN ISO 6892 和 CWA 15261-2 标准的拉伸试验常用程序。该模块可自动确定杨氏模量及其衍生的其他参数。杨氏模量测量不确定度的确定方法得到了改进，并实现了与 "测量不确定度表达指南"（GUM）的兼容。ISO 和 CWA 标准中的现有方法在某些情况下会低估约 112%。
{"title":"User independent tool for the analysis of data from tensile testing for database systems","authors":"Nima Babaei, Jing Wang, Elisabeth Kisseler, Marc Ackermann, Sebastian Wipp, Alexander Gramlich, Ulrich Krupp","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0262","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Data streams in science and economy are becoming increasingly automatized. This has various advantages compared to previous, user-dependent analyses, in which the same results are analyzed differently by different persons. Even though these differences are only of a certain degree, they can lead to false estimations of underlying material and process parameters as well as to missing comparability. In order to automatize previously user-dependent processes in the analysis of material tests, a modular database management system, called idCarl, has been developed. This system places a module as analysis pipeline between the experimental machine and the database. The database management system can be expanded with diverse modules, enabling the generation of user-independent data, which are fed automatically into the database. To provide an example, a module is applied to the common procedure of tensile testing based on DIN EN ISO 6892 and CWA 15261-2. The module determines automatically Young’s modulus and other parameters derived thereof. The method for determining the measurement uncertainties of the Young’s modulus is improved and compatibility with the “Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement” (GUM) is achieved. The existing method in ISO and CWA standards provides in some cases an underestimation of about 112 %.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"47 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The effects of zinc, steel, aluminum, and brass materials that can be used instead of copper in brake friction composites on braking performance were investigated in this study. The specimens containing three different ratios of metallic shavings were produced by the dry mixing method. In terms of comparison, a total of 16 specimens were examined by producing the specimen containing copper at the same rates and the specimen containing no metallic chip. The weight loss, specific wear rate, and friction coefficient of the specimens were determined by the brake test results. The hardness and density tests were carried out. Thermal conductivity tests of the specimens were carried out to determine the thermal characteristic of copper. Among the metallic chips used, aluminum and steel wool were found to be good alternatives to copper.
{"title":"Tribological and thermal characteristics of copper-free brake friction composites","authors":"Banu Sugözü, Ergül Erol, İ. Sugözü","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0126","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effects of zinc, steel, aluminum, and brass materials that can be used instead of copper in brake friction composites on braking performance were investigated in this study. The specimens containing three different ratios of metallic shavings were produced by the dry mixing method. In terms of comparison, a total of 16 specimens were examined by producing the specimen containing copper at the same rates and the specimen containing no metallic chip. The weight loss, specific wear rate, and friction coefficient of the specimens were determined by the brake test results. The hardness and density tests were carried out. Thermal conductivity tests of the specimens were carried out to determine the thermal characteristic of copper. Among the metallic chips used, aluminum and steel wool were found to be good alternatives to copper.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"49 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Serhat Yılmaz, Aygen Ahsen Yıldırım, E. Feyzullahoğlu
Abstract AA6082-T6 aluminum alloy is used in different engineering applications. The erosive wear takes places in many machine parts. The prediction of wear amounts for aluminum alloy materials is complicated and nonlinear phenomena. The fuzzy inference systems (FIS) and the artificial neural networks (ANNs) have a series of properties on modeling nonlinear systems. In this study, it was aimed to determine the optimum erosive wear parameters in terms of wear resistance. This study suggests a meta-heuristic (sine–cosine algorithm-SCA) Based ANFIS prediction model for prediction of wear behavior of AA6082-T6 aluminum alloy within various impingement pressure, impact velocity, impingement angle and particle sizes. In this study, a model is developed that determines the optimum erosive wear parameters to achieve the minimum wear rate. The erosion rate-SCA Based ANFIS prediction model extracted reasonable results. Estimation capability has been achieved to 99.81 % by the proposed model.
{"title":"Erosion rate of AA6082-T6 aluminum alloy subjected to erosive wear determined by the meta-heuristic (SCA) based ANFIS method","authors":"Serhat Yılmaz, Aygen Ahsen Yıldırım, E. Feyzullahoğlu","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0154","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract AA6082-T6 aluminum alloy is used in different engineering applications. The erosive wear takes places in many machine parts. The prediction of wear amounts for aluminum alloy materials is complicated and nonlinear phenomena. The fuzzy inference systems (FIS) and the artificial neural networks (ANNs) have a series of properties on modeling nonlinear systems. In this study, it was aimed to determine the optimum erosive wear parameters in terms of wear resistance. This study suggests a meta-heuristic (sine–cosine algorithm-SCA) Based ANFIS prediction model for prediction of wear behavior of AA6082-T6 aluminum alloy within various impingement pressure, impact velocity, impingement angle and particle sizes. In this study, a model is developed that determines the optimum erosive wear parameters to achieve the minimum wear rate. The erosion rate-SCA Based ANFIS prediction model extracted reasonable results. Estimation capability has been achieved to 99.81 % by the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"42 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The total heat input by the laser directly affects the temperature distribution of the rotor shaft during the cladding process, and then affects its coaxiality. This article uses ANSYS for numerical simulation to study the effect of laser heat input on the deformation of the rotor shaft during laser cladding process. Simulate and analyze the temperature and stress fields inside the rotor shaft using thermal coupling. The results show that by changing the pitch, axial cladding width and laser irradiation duration to change the laser induced total heat input, a more uniform temperature distribution can be generated in the rotor shaft. The increase of temperature distribution uniformity can reduce the deformation of rotor shaft during cladding. Using a cladding equipment, iron based customized alloy powder was coated on the 45 steel rotor shaft for cladding experiments. And the mechanical properties and coaxiality of the rotor shaft after cladding were measured. The results showed that the hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer were significantly improved compared to the substrate, and the changes in coaxiality of the rotor shaft were consistent with the simulation results, with relatively small errors. It is of great significance for repairing damaged rotor shafts.
{"title":"Effect of total heat input on coaxiality of rotor shaft in laser cladding","authors":"Shirui Guo, Junhao Yu, Lujun Cui, Yinghao Cui, Xiaolei Li, Yongqian Chen, Bo Zheng","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0152","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The total heat input by the laser directly affects the temperature distribution of the rotor shaft during the cladding process, and then affects its coaxiality. This article uses ANSYS for numerical simulation to study the effect of laser heat input on the deformation of the rotor shaft during laser cladding process. Simulate and analyze the temperature and stress fields inside the rotor shaft using thermal coupling. The results show that by changing the pitch, axial cladding width and laser irradiation duration to change the laser induced total heat input, a more uniform temperature distribution can be generated in the rotor shaft. The increase of temperature distribution uniformity can reduce the deformation of rotor shaft during cladding. Using a cladding equipment, iron based customized alloy powder was coated on the 45 steel rotor shaft for cladding experiments. And the mechanical properties and coaxiality of the rotor shaft after cladding were measured. The results showed that the hardness and wear resistance of the cladding layer were significantly improved compared to the substrate, and the changes in coaxiality of the rotor shaft were consistent with the simulation results, with relatively small errors. It is of great significance for repairing damaged rotor shafts.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"10 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139380231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Sandwich panels are used as body components of vehicles in many sectors, such as defense, aircraft, and aviation, due to their advanced mechanical properties and lightness. This study aims to investigate the effect of core configurations on mechanical performance and deformation behavior of metallic sandwich panels under low-velocity impact loading. For this purpose, metallic sandwich panels having monolithic and sliced core configurations were first produced. Low-velocity impact tests were carried out using varying energy levels (20, 40, 60 J) to examine how the intensity of influence affects the deformation of the sandwich panel. The perforation and deformation behavior on the upper surface plates of sandwich panels were evaluated. Experimental results showed that the core design significantly affects the impact behavior of sandwich panel samples. The sliced core configuration produced approximately 10 % more maximum contact force and absorbed 14 % more impact energy at high-impact energy levels. Additionally, the sliced core configuration delayed core collapse of the core in deformation situations where complete perforation does not occur.
{"title":"Evaluation of corrugated core configuration effects on low-velocity impact response in metallic sandwich panels","authors":"E. Zurnaci, H. Gökkaya","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0160","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sandwich panels are used as body components of vehicles in many sectors, such as defense, aircraft, and aviation, due to their advanced mechanical properties and lightness. This study aims to investigate the effect of core configurations on mechanical performance and deformation behavior of metallic sandwich panels under low-velocity impact loading. For this purpose, metallic sandwich panels having monolithic and sliced core configurations were first produced. Low-velocity impact tests were carried out using varying energy levels (20, 40, 60 J) to examine how the intensity of influence affects the deformation of the sandwich panel. The perforation and deformation behavior on the upper surface plates of sandwich panels were evaluated. Experimental results showed that the core design significantly affects the impact behavior of sandwich panel samples. The sliced core configuration produced approximately 10 % more maximum contact force and absorbed 14 % more impact energy at high-impact energy levels. Additionally, the sliced core configuration delayed core collapse of the core in deformation situations where complete perforation does not occur.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"39 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139379998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Hexaaluminates are drawing attention due to their exceptional mechanical and thermal stability. They can be proposed for applications as catalysts or catalyst support materials in high-temperature reactions. In this study, various LaFe x Al12−x O19 samples (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2) have been synthesized using the sol–gel method. Subsequently, these hexaaluminate samples were impregnated with cobalt oxide to form more active centers on the hexaaluminate support. The influence of the iron (Fe) content on the crystal structure, redox properties, and oxygen immobility has been investigated through X-ray diffraction, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and oxygen temperature-programmed desorption techniques. Among the Co3O4@LaFe x Al12−x O19 samples, those with x ≥ 1 exhibited a hexaaluminate crystalline structure, demonstrating a higher lattice oxygen mobility.
摘要 六铝酸盐因其卓越的机械和热稳定性而备受关注。它们可作为催化剂或催化剂支撑材料应用于高温反应。本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了各种 LaFe x Al12-x O19 样品（x = 0.25、0.5、1 和 2）。随后，这些六铝酸盐样品浸渍了氧化钴，以在六铝酸盐支持物上形成更多的活性中心。通过 X 射线衍射、氢气温度编程还原和氧气温度编程解吸技术，研究了铁（Fe）含量对晶体结构、氧化还原特性和氧气不流动性的影响。在 Co3O4@LaFe x Al12-x O19 样品中，x ≥ 1 的样品呈现六铝酸盐晶体结构，显示出较高的晶格氧迁移率。
{"title":"Determination of characteristic properties of Co3O4 loaded LaFe x Al12−x O19 hexaaluminates","authors":"Meltem Karaismailoglu Elibol","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0209","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hexaaluminates are drawing attention due to their exceptional mechanical and thermal stability. They can be proposed for applications as catalysts or catalyst support materials in high-temperature reactions. In this study, various LaFe x Al12−x O19 samples (x = 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2) have been synthesized using the sol–gel method. Subsequently, these hexaaluminate samples were impregnated with cobalt oxide to form more active centers on the hexaaluminate support. The influence of the iron (Fe) content on the crystal structure, redox properties, and oxygen immobility has been investigated through X-ray diffraction, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, and oxygen temperature-programmed desorption techniques. Among the Co3O4@LaFe x Al12−x O19 samples, those with x ≥ 1 exhibited a hexaaluminate crystalline structure, demonstrating a higher lattice oxygen mobility.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139381803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Friction stir-based variants have entirely changed the outdated component manufacturing method. Magnanimously, it has reached notable achievement in the joining, fabricating and processing of aluminum materials. This research article aims to review the various classifications of friction stir-based techniques. Friction stir-based techniques have improved the joining method along with microstructure and mechanical properties of the material. This article will enlighten the recent progress on friction stir additive manufacturing techniques applied on alloys or fabrication of composites, friction stir welding, additive friction stir deposition, friction stir processing and friction stir cladding. Mechanical properties, feasibility, applications, limitations and process parameters are discussed in details. This review article will help industry persons and academicians to know the process parameters of various techniques along with the outcomes and changes in mechanical and microstructural properties. In the last, challenges in variants of friction stir-based processes were also mentioned.
{"title":"Variants of friction stir based processes: review on process fundamentals, material attributes and mechanical properties","authors":"Manish Maurya, Ambrish Maurya, Sudhir Kumar","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0196","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Friction stir-based variants have entirely changed the outdated component manufacturing method. Magnanimously, it has reached notable achievement in the joining, fabricating and processing of aluminum materials. This research article aims to review the various classifications of friction stir-based techniques. Friction stir-based techniques have improved the joining method along with microstructure and mechanical properties of the material. This article will enlighten the recent progress on friction stir additive manufacturing techniques applied on alloys or fabrication of composites, friction stir welding, additive friction stir deposition, friction stir processing and friction stir cladding. Mechanical properties, feasibility, applications, limitations and process parameters are discussed in details. This review article will help industry persons and academicians to know the process parameters of various techniques along with the outcomes and changes in mechanical and microstructural properties. In the last, challenges in variants of friction stir-based processes were also mentioned.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"26 104","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139154607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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