Abstract This study aimed to produce hybrid composites with a AA2024 matrix reinforced by TiC/B4C/nano-graphite through a microwave-assisted sintering technique at 560 °C for 60 min. The nano-graphite ratio in the produced composite samples was kept constant as 1 wt%. TiC and B4C were used in equal ratios at 2, 6 and 10 % by weight total to determine their effects on tribological properties. Wear tests were conducted under three different loads: 3, 5 and 10 N. In the hybrid composites produced, an inverse correlation was observed between the increase in reinforcement ratio and sinterability, while a direct correlation relationship was found in hardness and wear resistance. Compared to the sample containing 2 % TiC/B4C in total by weight, a ∼50 % increase in Brinell hardness and a 52–68 % decrease in wear rate was obtained in the sample containing 10 % TiC/B4C. As the reinforcement ratio increased, tribofilm formation increased, and abrasive wear was replaced by mild-oxidative wear type.
{"title":"Dry tribological behaviour of microwave-assisted sintered AA2024 matrix hybrid composites reinforced by TiC/B4C/nano-graphite particles","authors":"Emre Özer, Mehmet Ayvaz","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0248","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to produce hybrid composites with a AA2024 matrix reinforced by TiC/B4C/nano-graphite through a microwave-assisted sintering technique at 560 °C for 60 min. The nano-graphite ratio in the produced composite samples was kept constant as 1 wt%. TiC and B4C were used in equal ratios at 2, 6 and 10 % by weight total to determine their effects on tribological properties. Wear tests were conducted under three different loads: 3, 5 and 10 N. In the hybrid composites produced, an inverse correlation was observed between the increase in reinforcement ratio and sinterability, while a direct correlation relationship was found in hardness and wear resistance. Compared to the sample containing 2 % TiC/B4C in total by weight, a ∼50 % increase in Brinell hardness and a 52–68 % decrease in wear rate was obtained in the sample containing 10 % TiC/B4C. As the reinforcement ratio increased, tribofilm formation increased, and abrasive wear was replaced by mild-oxidative wear type.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"166 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139152975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hüseyin Alp Çetindağ, A. Çiçek, Necati Uçak, K. Aslantaş
Abstract Cryogenic cooling and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) are regarded as effective green manufacturing techniques since they eliminate the excessive utilization of conventional cutting fluids (CCFs) that are known to have adverse impacts on both the environment and human health. Moreover, these methods have promising effects on surface integrity in machining hard-to-cut materials. This study investigates the impact of hybrid and cryogenic lubri-cooling methods on surface integrity (surface roughness, microhardness, and residual stresses) in hard turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel (62 HRC) with conventional and wiper CBN inserts. For that purpose, a precooling-based hybrid (a combination of precryogenic cooling of the workpiece and MQL) and direct cryogenic cooling techniques were used for comparison during the hard turning tests. The tests were carried out at a constant cutting speed (200 m/min), feed (0.1 mm∙rev−1), and depth of cut (0.1 mm) under dry, carbon dioxide (CO2), liquid nitrogen (LN2), CO2 + MQL, and LN2 + MQL conditions. The results show that hybrid lubri-cooling condition (CO2 + MQL) improved the surface quality and increased the compressive residual stresses at the machined surface when wiper inserts were employed. On the other hand, effective cooling under direct CO2 condition provided better surface integrity when machining with conventional inserts.
{"title":"Performance of conventional and wiper CBN inserts under various cooling conditions in hard turning of AISI 52100 steel","authors":"Hüseyin Alp Çetindağ, A. Çiçek, Necati Uçak, K. Aslantaş","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0263","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Cryogenic cooling and minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) are regarded as effective green manufacturing techniques since they eliminate the excessive utilization of conventional cutting fluids (CCFs) that are known to have adverse impacts on both the environment and human health. Moreover, these methods have promising effects on surface integrity in machining hard-to-cut materials. This study investigates the impact of hybrid and cryogenic lubri-cooling methods on surface integrity (surface roughness, microhardness, and residual stresses) in hard turning of AISI 52100 bearing steel (62 HRC) with conventional and wiper CBN inserts. For that purpose, a precooling-based hybrid (a combination of precryogenic cooling of the workpiece and MQL) and direct cryogenic cooling techniques were used for comparison during the hard turning tests. The tests were carried out at a constant cutting speed (200 m/min), feed (0.1 mm∙rev−1), and depth of cut (0.1 mm) under dry, carbon dioxide (CO2), liquid nitrogen (LN2), CO2 + MQL, and LN2 + MQL conditions. The results show that hybrid lubri-cooling condition (CO2 + MQL) improved the surface quality and increased the compressive residual stresses at the machined surface when wiper inserts were employed. On the other hand, effective cooling under direct CO2 condition provided better surface integrity when machining with conventional inserts.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":" 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sedef Çakır Ayçiçek, Neslihan Özsoy, Muhammet Ayçi̇çek, Murat Özsoy, Mert Usta, Akın Akıncı
Abstract In recent years, alternative approaches have been implemented in the automotive sector to reduce raw material costs and protect the environment. An increase in weight causes both fuel consumption and CO2 emissions to rise. This study aims to reduce exhaust emissions due to weight reduction by using foamed polypropylene in the door panel production of a subcompact crossover SUV car and saving energy by shortening the injection cycle time. The newly produced 2 % ITP 822 chemical foaming agent added door panel was compared with the current door panel performances. As a result of foam morphology structure, impact, and hardness tests, it was decided that ITP 822 is a suitable chemical foaming agent. In addition, a weight reduction of 5.2 % was achieved. Moreover, the injection cycle time has been reduced by approximately 12 %, reducing the total cycle time from 35 s to 31 s.
{"title":"Properties of chemically foamed polypropylene materials for application to automobile interior door panels","authors":"Sedef Çakır Ayçiçek, Neslihan Özsoy, Muhammet Ayçi̇çek, Murat Özsoy, Mert Usta, Akın Akıncı","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0205","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, alternative approaches have been implemented in the automotive sector to reduce raw material costs and protect the environment. An increase in weight causes both fuel consumption and CO2 emissions to rise. This study aims to reduce exhaust emissions due to weight reduction by using foamed polypropylene in the door panel production of a subcompact crossover SUV car and saving energy by shortening the injection cycle time. The newly produced 2 % ITP 822 chemical foaming agent added door panel was compared with the current door panel performances. As a result of foam morphology structure, impact, and hardness tests, it was decided that ITP 822 is a suitable chemical foaming agent. In addition, a weight reduction of 5.2 % was achieved. Moreover, the injection cycle time has been reduced by approximately 12 %, reducing the total cycle time from 35 s to 31 s.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":" 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138961326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In wood science and technology, researchers increasingly focus on the additive manufacturing in different aspects through assembly, mechanical, and physical characterization of the printed parts. One of the main parameters influence the wood features is the inhomogeneity of cellular structure. The effect of dislocation on the compression behavior was evaluated over the wood-inspired cellular structure. The 4.4 × 4.4 mm cross-cut–sized cell (0.8 mm cell wall thickness and 2.8 mm lumen diameter) with 10 mm thickness was arrayed by 6 columns and 3 rows to design the control model. The middle row was 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 mm dislocated to obtain irregular models. Objects were fabricated through the deposition of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament using DaVinci 1.0 all in one three-dimensional printer. The effect of printing orientation (vertical and horizontal) on compression behavior was also figured out. The compression test was performed to obtain the load–deformation behavior of samples. According to the results, the horizontally printed samples presented better performance. Furthermore, horizontal alignment, rectilinear infill type, 90 % infill density, and 0.2 mm layer height combination presented the highest (5719 N) load-carrying capacity. The statistical analysis (P < 0.05) figured out that cell dislocation has significant influences on mechanical properties.
{"title":"Compression behavior of the wood-inspired cellular structure of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene","authors":"Murat Aydın","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0147","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In wood science and technology, researchers increasingly focus on the additive manufacturing in different aspects through assembly, mechanical, and physical characterization of the printed parts. One of the main parameters influence the wood features is the inhomogeneity of cellular structure. The effect of dislocation on the compression behavior was evaluated over the wood-inspired cellular structure. The 4.4 × 4.4 mm cross-cut–sized cell (0.8 mm cell wall thickness and 2.8 mm lumen diameter) with 10 mm thickness was arrayed by 6 columns and 3 rows to design the control model. The middle row was 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 mm dislocated to obtain irregular models. Objects were fabricated through the deposition of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene filament using DaVinci 1.0 all in one three-dimensional printer. The effect of printing orientation (vertical and horizontal) on compression behavior was also figured out. The compression test was performed to obtain the load–deformation behavior of samples. According to the results, the horizontally printed samples presented better performance. Furthermore, horizontal alignment, rectilinear infill type, 90 % infill density, and 0.2 mm layer height combination presented the highest (5719 N) load-carrying capacity. The statistical analysis (P < 0.05) figured out that cell dislocation has significant influences on mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"89 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The work entailed the influence of particle size on the characteristics and water absorption resistance of avocado pear wood fiber/low-density polyethylene (APWF/LDPE) composite enhanced by pretreatment. The fiber particle of 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20 mesh (150, 180, 250, 425, and 850 µm) for the avocado wood fiber (APWF) was infused in the resin. Each particle of the fiber with fiber content of 5–25 wt% for the untreated, pretreated with NaOH, NaOH + CH3COOH, and NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE was intermixed in the resin to produce the APWF/LDPE composites, respectively. The APWF/LDPE composites were analyzed on the properties, water absorption resistance, Fourier transform infra-red, and scanning electron microscopy. The study exhibited that mechanical properties and water absorption resistance of the APWF/LDPE composite were improved at lower particle of the fiber triggered by treatment. The best properties were confirmed at 150 µm of APWF pretreated with NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE when compounded with the resin. These were proportional to 15.92 MPa, 0.867 GPa, 41.39 MPa, 0.662 GPa, 683 Pa, 84.04 kJ m−2, and 2.44 % for tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, bending modulus, Brinell hardness, impact strength, and water absorption resistance, respectively. The APWF/LDPE composite for NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE pretreated is recommended for interior cabinet of an automobile.
{"title":"Effect of particle size on the properties of avocado pear wood fiber/low-density polyethylene composite enhanced by pretreatment","authors":"R. M. Government, Edozie Thompson Okeke","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0223","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The work entailed the influence of particle size on the characteristics and water absorption resistance of avocado pear wood fiber/low-density polyethylene (APWF/LDPE) composite enhanced by pretreatment. The fiber particle of 100, 80, 60, 40, and 20 mesh (150, 180, 250, 425, and 850 µm) for the avocado wood fiber (APWF) was infused in the resin. Each particle of the fiber with fiber content of 5–25 wt% for the untreated, pretreated with NaOH, NaOH + CH3COOH, and NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE was intermixed in the resin to produce the APWF/LDPE composites, respectively. The APWF/LDPE composites were analyzed on the properties, water absorption resistance, Fourier transform infra-red, and scanning electron microscopy. The study exhibited that mechanical properties and water absorption resistance of the APWF/LDPE composite were improved at lower particle of the fiber triggered by treatment. The best properties were confirmed at 150 µm of APWF pretreated with NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE when compounded with the resin. These were proportional to 15.92 MPa, 0.867 GPa, 41.39 MPa, 0.662 GPa, 683 Pa, 84.04 kJ m−2, and 2.44 % for tensile strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, bending modulus, Brinell hardness, impact strength, and water absorption resistance, respectively. The APWF/LDPE composite for NaOH + CH3COOH + MAPE pretreated is recommended for interior cabinet of an automobile.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"37 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139176142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Praveen Reddy, Chinmaya Prasad Padhy, P. Janaki Ramulu
Abstract The essence on sheet metal industry innovation for making light weight bodies has been increasing day-to-day in the automotive sector. Based on the current demand and significance of sheet metals, the present work has been carried out on AA5052-PVC-AA5052 sandwich sheets to find out its tensile behaviour and hence related mechanical properties. The tensile behaviours of as received AA5052 alloy sheet of 1 mm thickness, PVC sheet of 0.5 mm thickness and AA5052-PVC-AA5052 sandwich sheet of 2.5 mm thickness were investigated. From the test results, the mechanical properties like yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), uniform elongation (UE), total elongation (TE), strain hardening exponent (n) and material strength coefficient (K) were evaluated. From the experimental results, rolling direction of base metal AA5052 alloy sheet has an influence on the mechanical properties; moreover, among three rolling directions such as 0°, 45° and 90°, better mechanical properties have been observed in 90° rolling direction. Similar tendency is seen in the case of sandwich sheets of 90°-P-90° rolling direction than other sandwich sheets. From this work, one can understand the improvement of mechanical properties with different combinations and rolling directions of AA5052 alloy sheet. The manufacturing industry can use these data as it is for their inclusion to the future products.
{"title":"Anisotropy effects on the tensile properties of AA5052 and AA5052-PVC-AA5052 sandwich sheets","authors":"Praveen Reddy, Chinmaya Prasad Padhy, P. Janaki Ramulu","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0260","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The essence on sheet metal industry innovation for making light weight bodies has been increasing day-to-day in the automotive sector. Based on the current demand and significance of sheet metals, the present work has been carried out on AA5052-PVC-AA5052 sandwich sheets to find out its tensile behaviour and hence related mechanical properties. The tensile behaviours of as received AA5052 alloy sheet of 1 mm thickness, PVC sheet of 0.5 mm thickness and AA5052-PVC-AA5052 sandwich sheet of 2.5 mm thickness were investigated. From the test results, the mechanical properties like yield strength (YS), ultimate tensile strength (UTS), uniform elongation (UE), total elongation (TE), strain hardening exponent (n) and material strength coefficient (K) were evaluated. From the experimental results, rolling direction of base metal AA5052 alloy sheet has an influence on the mechanical properties; moreover, among three rolling directions such as 0°, 45° and 90°, better mechanical properties have been observed in 90° rolling direction. Similar tendency is seen in the case of sandwich sheets of 90°-P-90° rolling direction than other sandwich sheets. From this work, one can understand the improvement of mechanical properties with different combinations and rolling directions of AA5052 alloy sheet. The manufacturing industry can use these data as it is for their inclusion to the future products.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"38 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138632923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and cold metal transfer arc welding (CMTAW) processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of AA8011-H18 aluminum alloy joints. The AA8011-H18 alloy sheets of thickness 3 mm were welded in butt joint configuration using conventional GMAW and CMTAW processes. The optical microscopy was employed for analyzing the microstructure of weld metal (WM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the developed joints. The tensile properties and hardness of welded joints were evaluated using universal testing machine (UTM) and Vickers microhardness testing machine. The GMAW and CMTAW joints disclosed the joint efficiency of 58.33 % and 75.98 %, respectively. The CMTAW joints showed 30.25 % and 27.28 % improvement in tensile and yield strength compared to GMAW joints. However, there is a loss of 20 % ductility in CMTAW joints compared to GMAW joints. The superior tensile strength of CMTAW joints is correlated to microstructural refinement of WM and reduced grain growth in HAZ. It alludes to the wire retraction mechanism, which help to regulate the droplet transfer and lower the heat input.
{"title":"Effect of gas metal arc and cold metal transfer arc welding processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of AA8011-H18 alloy joints","authors":"Tushar Sonar, Mikhail Ivanov, Srinivasan Sambath, C. Rajendran, Natarajan Ramachandran, Padmanaban Senthil Kumar, Muralimohan Cheepu, Jinyang Xu","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0208","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and cold metal transfer arc welding (CMTAW) processes on microstructure and mechanical properties of AA8011-H18 aluminum alloy joints. The AA8011-H18 alloy sheets of thickness 3 mm were welded in butt joint configuration using conventional GMAW and CMTAW processes. The optical microscopy was employed for analyzing the microstructure of weld metal (WM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) of the developed joints. The tensile properties and hardness of welded joints were evaluated using universal testing machine (UTM) and Vickers microhardness testing machine. The GMAW and CMTAW joints disclosed the joint efficiency of 58.33 % and 75.98 %, respectively. The CMTAW joints showed 30.25 % and 27.28 % improvement in tensile and yield strength compared to GMAW joints. However, there is a loss of 20 % ductility in CMTAW joints compared to GMAW joints. The superior tensile strength of CMTAW joints is correlated to microstructural refinement of WM and reduced grain growth in HAZ. It alludes to the wire retraction mechanism, which help to regulate the droplet transfer and lower the heat input.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"15 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138592648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, resistance spot weldability of dissimilar TWIP1000/TRIP800 joint was investigated in terms of microstructural and mechanical characterization. The maximum tensile-shear load bearing capacity was 16,918 N in 6 kA welding current with 30 cycles of welding duration. Pull-out failure which was dominant and interfacial failure modes were obtained in tensile-shear tests. Although heat affected zone of the TRIP steel was totally transformed into tempered martensite, it showed better separation performance than TWIP steel. Heat affected zone of the TWIP steel was narrow, secondary phase formations and sudden grain coarsening have compromised the weakest point in the resistance spot welded joint.
{"title":"Mechanical and microstructural characterization of resistance spot welded dissimilar TWIP1000/TRIP800 joints","authors":"Fatih Özen","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0148","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, resistance spot weldability of dissimilar TWIP1000/TRIP800 joint was investigated in terms of microstructural and mechanical characterization. The maximum tensile-shear load bearing capacity was 16,918 N in 6 kA welding current with 30 cycles of welding duration. Pull-out failure which was dominant and interfacial failure modes were obtained in tensile-shear tests. Although heat affected zone of the TRIP steel was totally transformed into tempered martensite, it showed better separation performance than TWIP steel. Heat affected zone of the TWIP steel was narrow, secondary phase formations and sudden grain coarsening have compromised the weakest point in the resistance spot welded joint.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139217335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, the wear behavior of AA7075 alloy produced by thixocasting was investigated. The wear behavior of the AA7075 alloy is examined for three cases: extruded with T6 heat treatment, as-thixocast, and thixocast with T6 conditions. The dry sliding wear test was conducted with a tribometer according to ASTM G-99 standard. The microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The tensile and hardness tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties. The AA7075 alloy was successfully shaped by thixocasting. The as-thixocast sample exhibited typical globular structures with multinary eutectic structures along the grain boundaries. The globular grains transform into a polygonal structure, and the grain size increases from 50 μm to 60 μm in the thixocast + T6 sample. This microstructure exhibited excellent wear resistance under dry sliding conditions in the thixocast + T6 sample. The aging treatment with prolonged solution process improved the mechanical properties two times and the wear rate three times for the thixocast AA7075 alloy. Furthermore, the thixocast + T6 sample exhibited a significant decrease in the coefficient of friction with the lowest wear rate compared to the as-thixocast sample. The dominant wear mechanisms are microdelamination, adhesion, and oxidation in all samples.
{"title":"Dry sliding wear behavior of AA7075 alloy produced by thixocasting","authors":"Hudaverdi Bilgen, Omer Sahin, N. Akar, V. Kilicli","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0338","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the wear behavior of AA7075 alloy produced by thixocasting was investigated. The wear behavior of the AA7075 alloy is examined for three cases: extruded with T6 heat treatment, as-thixocast, and thixocast with T6 conditions. The dry sliding wear test was conducted with a tribometer according to ASTM G-99 standard. The microstructures were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The tensile and hardness tests were performed to evaluate the mechanical properties. The AA7075 alloy was successfully shaped by thixocasting. The as-thixocast sample exhibited typical globular structures with multinary eutectic structures along the grain boundaries. The globular grains transform into a polygonal structure, and the grain size increases from 50 μm to 60 μm in the thixocast + T6 sample. This microstructure exhibited excellent wear resistance under dry sliding conditions in the thixocast + T6 sample. The aging treatment with prolonged solution process improved the mechanical properties two times and the wear rate three times for the thixocast AA7075 alloy. Furthermore, the thixocast + T6 sample exhibited a significant decrease in the coefficient of friction with the lowest wear rate compared to the as-thixocast sample. The dominant wear mechanisms are microdelamination, adhesion, and oxidation in all samples.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139220510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this study, the effect of compaction pressure on the properties of AISI 316L and its machining performance was evaluated. AISI 316L powders were subjected to three different compaction pressures (550, 650, and 750 MPa). Subsequently, the samples were sintered in an argon atmosphere at a constant temperature of 1523.15 K. The microstructure, hardness, and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated. To examine the effect of compaction pressure on drilling characteristics (thrust force, torque, surface roughness, chip formation, and burr formation), the samples were subjected to dry drilling at different feed rates and cutting speeds. It was observed that increasing the compaction pressure resulted in smaller grain sizes in the microstructure, increased hardness, and higher tensile strength. Higher compaction pressure led to higher thrust force and torque, whereas lower compaction pressure resulted in improved hole surface quality and shorter chips. Additionally, at higher cutting speeds, the color of the chips changed due to the elevated temperatures associated with increased cutting speeds.
{"title":"Effects of compaction pressure on microstructure, mechanical properties, and machining characteristics of sintered AISI 316L steel","authors":"M. Erden, U. Köklü, A.S. Güldibi, M. Elitas","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0175","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the effect of compaction pressure on the properties of AISI 316L and its machining performance was evaluated. AISI 316L powders were subjected to three different compaction pressures (550, 650, and 750 MPa). Subsequently, the samples were sintered in an argon atmosphere at a constant temperature of 1523.15 K. The microstructure, hardness, and mechanical properties of the materials were investigated. To examine the effect of compaction pressure on drilling characteristics (thrust force, torque, surface roughness, chip formation, and burr formation), the samples were subjected to dry drilling at different feed rates and cutting speeds. It was observed that increasing the compaction pressure resulted in smaller grain sizes in the microstructure, increased hardness, and higher tensile strength. Higher compaction pressure led to higher thrust force and torque, whereas lower compaction pressure resulted in improved hole surface quality and shorter chips. Additionally, at higher cutting speeds, the color of the chips changed due to the elevated temperatures associated with increased cutting speeds.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":" 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139239764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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