The corrosion occurring in hoisting ropes used in transport machinery, directly and indirectly, significantly damages the global economy every year. The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of different types of steel wire hoisting ropes used in cranes, ships, and ports, regarding their resistance to corrosion through the method of stress corrosion cracking and to determine which types of steel ropes should be utilized in environments exposed to severe corrosion. First of all, hessian and steel core ropes were selected from 6 × 19 Standard, 8 × 19 Seale, and 6 × 36 Warrington Seale rope groups of the same diameter. Prestress corrosion tests of the ropes were carried out based on the ASTM G49 standard, with the prestress corrosion test device designed and manufactured in accordance with different rope types. The results obtained by performing appropriate treatment methods against corrosion, such as hot-dip galvanizing and painting with zinc epoxy primer, were compared with the test results of ungalvanized ropes. Thus, the degree improvement against corrosion was determined.
{"title":"Corrosion cracking resistance of hoisting ropes","authors":"Haşim Fırat Karasu, Mine Demirsoy","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0219","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The corrosion occurring in hoisting ropes used in transport machinery, directly and indirectly, significantly damages the global economy every year. The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of different types of steel wire hoisting ropes used in cranes, ships, and ports, regarding their resistance to corrosion through the method of stress corrosion cracking and to determine which types of steel ropes should be utilized in environments exposed to severe corrosion. First of all, hessian and steel core ropes were selected from 6 × 19 Standard, 8 × 19 Seale, and 6 × 36 Warrington Seale rope groups of the same diameter. Prestress corrosion tests of the ropes were carried out based on the ASTM G49 standard, with the prestress corrosion test device designed and manufactured in accordance with different rope types. The results obtained by performing appropriate treatment methods against corrosion, such as hot-dip galvanizing and painting with zinc epoxy primer, were compared with the test results of ungalvanized ropes. Thus, the degree improvement against corrosion was determined.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the influence of modification on the microstructure and properties of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel is composed of black acicular bainitic ferrite lath and white retained austenite. The microstructure of the alloy steel changes to martensite, austenite, and carbide after quenching and partitioning treatment. After rare-earth magnesium modification and compound modification, the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr steel becomes more refined and displays a more regular arrangement. Furthermore, the martensite and austenite grains in the modified samples show refinement, and the arrangement of martensite is more systematic. Additionally, the amount of austenite decreases, and the amount of carbides increases after quenching and partitioning heat treatment. In comparison with the unmodified samples, the modified samples show negligible changes in hardness. However, the impact toughness of modified quenched and partitioned steel increases by 20 %. Moreover, the wear resistance of compound modified quenched and partitioned steel is 38 % higher than that of the unmodified sample. The compound modified sample steel exhibits excellent wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties.
{"title":"Microstructure and properties of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel modified by quenching and partitioning","authors":"Jian Gu, Dongqing Li, Shengchun Liu, Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0341","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This study investigates the influence of modification on the microstructure and properties of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel. The results indicate that the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr alloy steel is composed of black acicular bainitic ferrite lath and white retained austenite. The microstructure of the alloy steel changes to martensite, austenite, and carbide after quenching and partitioning treatment. After rare-earth magnesium modification and compound modification, the as-cast microstructure of Mn–Si–Cr steel becomes more refined and displays a more regular arrangement. Furthermore, the martensite and austenite grains in the modified samples show refinement, and the arrangement of martensite is more systematic. Additionally, the amount of austenite decreases, and the amount of carbides increases after quenching and partitioning heat treatment. In comparison with the unmodified samples, the modified samples show negligible changes in hardness. However, the impact toughness of modified quenched and partitioned steel increases by 20 %. Moreover, the wear resistance of compound modified quenched and partitioned steel is 38 % higher than that of the unmodified sample. The compound modified sample steel exhibits excellent wear resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehmet Kivanc Turan, C. Ensarioglu, Altug Bakirci, F. Karpat
Crash boxes in vehicles are one of the passive safety measures that aim to reduce injury to passengers and damage to the vehicle during a collision. Their function is to absorb the mechanical energy resulting from a collision by deforming plastically. Considering human safety, not only the energy must be damped, but also the forces acting on the passengers must be controlled. This force control can be adjusted to some extent using trigger mechanisms. There is a wide variety of research on hole type triggers, but they concentrated on traditional shapes; unique or hybrid shapes have not been sufficiently tested. This study examined the effects of various hole profiles with equal areas on dynamic mechanical performances of Al 6063-T6 rectangular crash boxes. Four types of trigger shapes were formed: upward keyhole, downward keyhole, U-shaped, and S-shaped. The dynamic performance evaluation was carried out experimentally by testing five types of geometries, the fifth one being the geometry without any trigger. In addition, dynamic Finite element analyses were conducted and validated using the experimental data, with the aim of employing the Finite element models in future geometry improvement studies. The experimental results were interpreted with some common evaluation parameters: peak force, crash force efficiency, mean crash force, and total energy absorption. The downward keyhole profile generally gave the best results, while the lowest peak force was observed in the U-shaped profile.
汽车防撞箱是一种被动安全措施，旨在减少碰撞时对乘客的伤害和对车辆的损坏。其功能是通过塑性变形吸收碰撞产生的机械能。考虑到人身安全，不仅必须减弱能量，还必须控制作用在乘客身上的力。这种力的控制可以通过触发机制进行一定程度的调整。关于孔型触发器的研究种类繁多，但主要集中在传统形状上，独特或混合形状的触发器尚未得到充分测试。本研究考察了各种等面积孔型对 Al 6063-T6 矩形防撞箱动态机械性能的影响。共形成了四种触发形状：向上键孔、向下键孔、U 形和 S 形。通过实验测试了五种几何形状，其中第五种是没有任何触发器的几何形状，从而进行了动态性能评估。此外，还利用实验数据进行了动态有限元分析和验证，目的是在未来的几何改进研究中采用有限元模型。实验结果用一些常见的评估参数来解释：峰值力、碰撞力效率、平均碰撞力和总能量吸收。总体而言，向下的锁孔轮廓效果最好，而 U 形轮廓的峰值力最小。
{"title":"Impact performance of unconventional trigger holes","authors":"Mehmet Kivanc Turan, C. Ensarioglu, Altug Bakirci, F. Karpat","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0253","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Crash boxes in vehicles are one of the passive safety measures that aim to reduce injury to passengers and damage to the vehicle during a collision. Their function is to absorb the mechanical energy resulting from a collision by deforming plastically. Considering human safety, not only the energy must be damped, but also the forces acting on the passengers must be controlled. This force control can be adjusted to some extent using trigger mechanisms. There is a wide variety of research on hole type triggers, but they concentrated on traditional shapes; unique or hybrid shapes have not been sufficiently tested. This study examined the effects of various hole profiles with equal areas on dynamic mechanical performances of Al 6063-T6 rectangular crash boxes. Four types of trigger shapes were formed: upward keyhole, downward keyhole, U-shaped, and S-shaped. The dynamic performance evaluation was carried out experimentally by testing five types of geometries, the fifth one being the geometry without any trigger. In addition, dynamic Finite element analyses were conducted and validated using the experimental data, with the aim of employing the Finite element models in future geometry improvement studies. The experimental results were interpreted with some common evaluation parameters: peak force, crash force efficiency, mean crash force, and total energy absorption. The downward keyhole profile generally gave the best results, while the lowest peak force was observed in the U-shaped profile.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
7075-T651 Al alloy sheets were welded by friction stir spot welding (FSSW) method without and with tap water. Conducting FSSW with water reduced the weld microstructure grain size and the hook defect formation at the weld, resulting in an increase in the hardness and tensile strength of the weld. The joint made with water showed an average tensile load of 4237 N, whereas the joint made without water exhibited 3690 N. Using water enhanced the strength of the joint, but slightly decreased its ductility. The hardness of the joint made with water presented slightly higher, probably due to the formation of smaller grains in its microstructure as a result of the water leading to a decrease in the welding process temperature. In both joints, the highest hardness measurements in the stir zones (SZs) and the lowest ones in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) were found as the SZs had a finer-grained microstructure. Furthermore, the application of water noticeably, though not completely, inhibited the occurrence of the hook defect in the joint and also reduced the sizes of HAZ and TMAZ. According to the weld fracture surface analysis, both joints failed in a ductile manner.
{"title":"Influence of water on microstructure and mechanical properties of a friction stir spot welded 7075-T651 Al alloy","authors":"Omer Ekinci, Anil Imak","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0230","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 7075-T651 Al alloy sheets were welded by friction stir spot welding (FSSW) method without and with tap water. Conducting FSSW with water reduced the weld microstructure grain size and the hook defect formation at the weld, resulting in an increase in the hardness and tensile strength of the weld. The joint made with water showed an average tensile load of 4237 N, whereas the joint made without water exhibited 3690 N. Using water enhanced the strength of the joint, but slightly decreased its ductility. The hardness of the joint made with water presented slightly higher, probably due to the formation of smaller grains in its microstructure as a result of the water leading to a decrease in the welding process temperature. In both joints, the highest hardness measurements in the stir zones (SZs) and the lowest ones in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) and thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ) were found as the SZs had a finer-grained microstructure. Furthermore, the application of water noticeably, though not completely, inhibited the occurrence of the hook defect in the joint and also reduced the sizes of HAZ and TMAZ. According to the weld fracture surface analysis, both joints failed in a ductile manner.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Burak Evren, Gökçe Evren, Cem Kıncal, Nuri Solak, M. Ürgen
As the power density of electronic devices increases, the requirement for heat sinks with enhanced thermal properties becomes imperative for advanced heat dissipation. Copper/diamond composites are next-generation heat dissipators with high thermal conductivities, yet fabrication of these composites requires high energy and complex instruments. In this study, copper/diamond composites are fabricated by electroforming. The sediment co-deposition process is modified to obtain uniform diamond particle distribution with tailorable volume fraction. Diamond particles were initially settled on the cathode surface outside the electrolyte, and then the setup was immersed in an acidic copper sulfate electroforming bath. Varying amounts (0–100 mg l−1) of thiourea are introduced to the electrolyte to enhance the matrix–particle interface. The gaps between diamond particles are filled with electrodeposited copper using optimized deposition conditions. The composite structure detaches from the cathode by itself after the production with desired shape and dimensions. The effect of operating conditions on cathodic polarization, composite microstructure, and thermal properties are investigated. Thermal conductivity of 49 vol.% diamond containing sample fabricated with optimized parameters exceeds 667 W m−1 K−1. The increase in thermal conductivity and enhanced interface structure is attributed to the excellent void-filling ability of the optimized electrolyte.
随着电子设备功率密度的增加，要求散热器具有更强的散热性能已成为先进散热技术的当务之急。铜/金刚石复合材料是具有高导热性能的新一代散热器，但制造这些复合材料需要高能量和复杂的仪器。在这项研究中，铜/金刚石复合材料是通过电铸法制造的。对沉积物共沉积工艺进行了改进，以获得具有可定制体积分数的均匀金刚石颗粒分布。金刚石颗粒最初沉淀在电解液外的阴极表面，然后将装置浸入酸性硫酸铜电铸槽中。在电解液中加入不同量（0-100 毫克/升）的硫脲，以增强基质与颗粒之间的界面。利用优化的沉积条件，用电沉积铜填充金刚石颗粒之间的间隙。生产完成后，复合结构会以理想的形状和尺寸自行脱离阴极。研究了操作条件对阴极极化、复合微观结构和热性能的影响。采用优化参数制造的含 49 Vol.% 金刚石的样品的热导率超过 667 W m-1 K-1。热导率的提高和界面结构的增强归功于优化电解液出色的空隙填充能力。
{"title":"Enhanced interface structure of electroformed copper/diamond composites for thermal management applications","authors":"Burak Evren, Gökçe Evren, Cem Kıncal, Nuri Solak, M. Ürgen","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0236","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 As the power density of electronic devices increases, the requirement for heat sinks with enhanced thermal properties becomes imperative for advanced heat dissipation. Copper/diamond composites are next-generation heat dissipators with high thermal conductivities, yet fabrication of these composites requires high energy and complex instruments. In this study, copper/diamond composites are fabricated by electroforming. The sediment co-deposition process is modified to obtain uniform diamond particle distribution with tailorable volume fraction. Diamond particles were initially settled on the cathode surface outside the electrolyte, and then the setup was immersed in an acidic copper sulfate electroforming bath. Varying amounts (0–100 mg l−1) of thiourea are introduced to the electrolyte to enhance the matrix–particle interface. The gaps between diamond particles are filled with electrodeposited copper using optimized deposition conditions. The composite structure detaches from the cathode by itself after the production with desired shape and dimensions. The effect of operating conditions on cathodic polarization, composite microstructure, and thermal properties are investigated. Thermal conductivity of 49 vol.% diamond containing sample fabricated with optimized parameters exceeds 667 W m−1 K−1. The increase in thermal conductivity and enhanced interface structure is attributed to the excellent void-filling ability of the optimized electrolyte.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In order to obtain a Al2O3/Al composite with high strength, the Al2O3 generated in situ is served as reinforcement. The ball milling is used to flake pure Al powders. The Al2O3/Al composite with flaked Al powders is obtained by vacuum hot pressing sintering. The effect of the flaked Al powders on the distribution of Al2O3 generated in situ is studied. The hardness and tensile properties of Al2O3/Al composite are studied. The results show that the dehydration temperatures of boric acid in powder mixtures with the flaked Al powders and with the spherical Al powders are 119 °C and 128 °C, respectively. During sintering stage, the Al2O3 is generated in situ. Compared with the Al2O3/Al composites with the spherical Al powders, more Al2O3 are generated in Al2O3/Al composites with the flaked Al powders. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength of Al2O3/Al composite are higher than those of pure Al alloy.
{"title":"Improved tensile properties of Al2O3/Al composite with in-situ generated Al2O3","authors":"Wenchao Shi, B. Cui, Min Tang, D. Gong, Feng Xu","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0311","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In order to obtain a Al2O3/Al composite with high strength, the Al2O3 generated in situ is served as reinforcement. The ball milling is used to flake pure Al powders. The Al2O3/Al composite with flaked Al powders is obtained by vacuum hot pressing sintering. The effect of the flaked Al powders on the distribution of Al2O3 generated in situ is studied. The hardness and tensile properties of Al2O3/Al composite are studied. The results show that the dehydration temperatures of boric acid in powder mixtures with the flaked Al powders and with the spherical Al powders are 119 °C and 128 °C, respectively. During sintering stage, the Al2O3 is generated in situ. Compared with the Al2O3/Al composites with the spherical Al powders, more Al2O3 are generated in Al2O3/Al composites with the flaked Al powders. The hardness and ultimate tensile strength of Al2O3/Al composite are higher than those of pure Al alloy.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, automotive in sector use STRENX 700 CR and DP 800 steels were joined by resistance spot welding using medium frequency direct current. Some parts were joined under atmospheric conditions, while others were joined by applying regional preheating to their heat-affected zones before welding. The design, manufacturing, and adaptation of the preheating system to the welding machine were carried out as part of this study, considering it as a new system. After the joining process, nondestructive and destructive tests were performed on resistance spot welding connections between STRENX 700 CR and DP 800 steels. Hardness tests revealed that the preheating applied to the heat-affected zones before welding reduced the hardness of the weld metal by approximately 8 %, while the microstructure analysis showed that the regional preheating increased both the weld metal and the heat-affected zones width. The tensile-shear strength increased by about 7 %, and the cross-tension test strength increased by about 5 % with the preheating applied to the heat-affected zones before welding. In both the tensile-shear and cross-tension tests, all failures occurred in the form of button shearing from the heat-affected zones. The regional preheating treated specimens showed the highest fatigue life, with an average of 947,632 cycles.
{"title":"Enhancing weld strength in high-strength steels: the role of regional preheating in RSW","authors":"Kemal Aydin, M. Hıdıroğlu, N. Kahraman","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0241","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, automotive in sector use STRENX 700 CR and DP 800 steels were joined by resistance spot welding using medium frequency direct current. Some parts were joined under atmospheric conditions, while others were joined by applying regional preheating to their heat-affected zones before welding. The design, manufacturing, and adaptation of the preheating system to the welding machine were carried out as part of this study, considering it as a new system. After the joining process, nondestructive and destructive tests were performed on resistance spot welding connections between STRENX 700 CR and DP 800 steels. Hardness tests revealed that the preheating applied to the heat-affected zones before welding reduced the hardness of the weld metal by approximately 8 %, while the microstructure analysis showed that the regional preheating increased both the weld metal and the heat-affected zones width. The tensile-shear strength increased by about 7 %, and the cross-tension test strength increased by about 5 % with the preheating applied to the heat-affected zones before welding. In both the tensile-shear and cross-tension tests, all failures occurred in the form of button shearing from the heat-affected zones. The regional preheating treated specimens showed the highest fatigue life, with an average of 947,632 cycles.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139599088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, we experimentally investigated how the shape of fittings affects the load-carrying capacity of miter joints in pultruded glass/epoxy composite frames. Specifically, three types of steel fittings – dovetail (D-shaped), H-shaped, and rectangular (U-shaped) were utilized to reinforce the miter joints in composite frames. Tension and compression tests were performed to assess the load-carrying capacity of these joint configurations. Additionally, finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to examine stress distribution patterns within the joint configurations, allowing us to make comparisons among the joint configurations in terms of their strength. The findings of the study demonstrated that all types of joint configurations successfully improved the joint strength, regardless of whether they were subjected to tensile or compressive loading conditions. Notably, H and D type steel fittings exhibited superior effectiveness in strengthening the adhesive miter joints when compared to U type steel fittings, particularly in tensile loading scenarios. Moreover, all types of steel fittings displayed promise as viable options for enhancing joint strength in compressive loading situations.
在这项研究中，我们通过实验研究了配件的形状如何影响拉挤玻璃/环氧树脂复合材料框架中斜接缝的承载能力。具体来说，我们使用了燕尾形（D 形）、H 形和矩形（U 形）三种钢制配件来加固复合材料框架中的斜接缝。为评估这些接头配置的承载能力，进行了拉伸和压缩试验。此外，我们还采用了有限元分析（FEA）来研究接头配置内的应力分布模式，从而对接头配置的强度进行比较。研究结果表明，无论在拉伸还是压缩加载条件下，所有类型的接头配置都能成功提高接头强度。值得注意的是，与 U 型钢制接头相比，H 型和 D 型钢制接头在加强粘合剂斜接接头方面表现出更高的有效性，尤其是在拉伸加载情况下。此外，所有类型的钢接头都有望成为在压缩载荷情况下增强接头强度的可行选择。
{"title":"Enhancement of mechanical strength of miter joints in pultruded fiberglass/epoxy composite","authors":"Tugce Isguzar, Fatih Turan, Lütfi Emir Sakman","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0346","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this research, we experimentally investigated how the shape of fittings affects the load-carrying capacity of miter joints in pultruded glass/epoxy composite frames. Specifically, three types of steel fittings – dovetail (D-shaped), H-shaped, and rectangular (U-shaped) were utilized to reinforce the miter joints in composite frames. Tension and compression tests were performed to assess the load-carrying capacity of these joint configurations. Additionally, finite element analysis (FEA) was employed to examine stress distribution patterns within the joint configurations, allowing us to make comparisons among the joint configurations in terms of their strength. The findings of the study demonstrated that all types of joint configurations successfully improved the joint strength, regardless of whether they were subjected to tensile or compressive loading conditions. Notably, H and D type steel fittings exhibited superior effectiveness in strengthening the adhesive miter joints when compared to U type steel fittings, particularly in tensile loading scenarios. Moreover, all types of steel fittings displayed promise as viable options for enhancing joint strength in compressive loading situations.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safety in elevators is extremely important phenomenon. Elevator accidents occurring today are at a level that seriously threatens the safety of life and property, and especially elevator ropes and belts have a very important place in these systems in order not to endanger human life. As with every mechanism, stress, fatigue and deformations occur in elevator parts and equipments such as ropes and belts over time causing impairment and reduce their strength. In this study, artificial defects were given to the 8 × 19 Warrington steel wire rope and polyurethane coated elevator belt to examine the effects of different type of corrosion and elevated temperature deterioration on mechanical properties and their comparisons were made. Results indicate that the percent reduction in lifting capacity of the elevator belt investigated was lower than that of the 8 × 19 Warrington rope in all degradation types examined.
{"title":"Mechanical properties of elevator ropes and belts exposed to corrosion and elevated temperatures","authors":"Hüseyin Sekmen, Y. A. Onur","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0232","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Safety in elevators is extremely important phenomenon. Elevator accidents occurring today are at a level that seriously threatens the safety of life and property, and especially elevator ropes and belts have a very important place in these systems in order not to endanger human life. As with every mechanism, stress, fatigue and deformations occur in elevator parts and equipments such as ropes and belts over time causing impairment and reduce their strength. In this study, artificial defects were given to the 8 × 19 Warrington steel wire rope and polyurethane coated elevator belt to examine the effects of different type of corrosion and elevated temperature deterioration on mechanical properties and their comparisons were made. Results indicate that the percent reduction in lifting capacity of the elevator belt investigated was lower than that of the 8 × 19 Warrington rope in all degradation types examined.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139602258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pranav Mehta, S. M. Sait, B. Yildiz, Mehmet Umut Erdaş, Mehmet Kopar, Ali Rıza Yıldız
Nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms have many applications and are more often studied than conventional optimization techniques. This article uses the mountain gazelle optimizer, a recently created algorithm, and artificial neural network to optimize mechanical components in relation to vehicle component optimization. The family formation, territory-building, and food-finding strategies of mountain gazelles serve as the major inspirations for the algorithm. In order to optimize various engineering challenges, the base algorithm (MGO) is hybridized with the Nelder–Mead algorithm (HMGO-NM) in the current work. This considered algorithm was applied to solve four different categories, namely automobile, manufacturing, construction, and mechanical engineering optimization tasks. Moreover, the obtained results are compared in terms of statistics with well-known algorithms. The results and findings show the dominance of the studied algorithm over the rest of the optimizers. This being said the HMGO algorithm can be applied to a common range of applications in various industrial and real-world problems.
{"title":"A new enhanced mountain gazelle optimizer and artificial neural network for global optimization of mechanical design problems","authors":"Pranav Mehta, S. M. Sait, B. Yildiz, Mehmet Umut Erdaş, Mehmet Kopar, Ali Rıza Yıldız","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0332","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Nature-inspired metaheuristic optimization algorithms have many applications and are more often studied than conventional optimization techniques. This article uses the mountain gazelle optimizer, a recently created algorithm, and artificial neural network to optimize mechanical components in relation to vehicle component optimization. The family formation, territory-building, and food-finding strategies of mountain gazelles serve as the major inspirations for the algorithm. In order to optimize various engineering challenges, the base algorithm (MGO) is hybridized with the Nelder–Mead algorithm (HMGO-NM) in the current work. This considered algorithm was applied to solve four different categories, namely automobile, manufacturing, construction, and mechanical engineering optimization tasks. Moreover, the obtained results are compared in terms of statistics with well-known algorithms. The results and findings show the dominance of the studied algorithm over the rest of the optimizers. This being said the HMGO algorithm can be applied to a common range of applications in various industrial and real-world problems.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139600857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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