In this study, a response surface based approach is introduced to determine the physical parameters of the tip mass of a beam – tip mass system, such as mass, mass moment of inertia and coordinates of the centre of gravity with respect to the beam end point. To this end, first, a difference function was formulated based on the differences between the peak frequencies and peak amplitudes of the experimental and analytical frequency response functions. Later, observation points were established in the design space using orthogonal arrays, and a response surface was developed using the difference function values at these points. Next, the tip mass parameters were determined by minimizing the response surface with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization as well as fmincon, a gradient-based solver of the Matlab program. For comparison purposes, those parameters were obtained by also direct minimization of the difference function with the same algorithms. It was concluded that the tip mass parameters were successfully determined within reasonable error limits by the response surface method with less computational burden. Finally, the effect of design space width on the response surface quality is demonstrated numerically.
{"title":"Identification of the tip mass parameters in a beam-tip mass system using response surface methodology","authors":"Hakan Gökdağ, Hilal Doğanay Katı","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0330","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, a response surface based approach is introduced to determine the physical parameters of the tip mass of a beam – tip mass system, such as mass, mass moment of inertia and coordinates of the centre of gravity with respect to the beam end point. To this end, first, a difference function was formulated based on the differences between the peak frequencies and peak amplitudes of the experimental and analytical frequency response functions. Later, observation points were established in the design space using orthogonal arrays, and a response surface was developed using the difference function values at these points. Next, the tip mass parameters were determined by minimizing the response surface with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization as well as fmincon, a gradient-based solver of the Matlab program. For comparison purposes, those parameters were obtained by also direct minimization of the difference function with the same algorithms. It was concluded that the tip mass parameters were successfully determined within reasonable error limits by the response surface method with less computational burden. Finally, the effect of design space width on the response surface quality is demonstrated numerically.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, a response surface based approach is introduced to determine the physical parameters of the tip mass of a beam – tip mass system, such as mass, mass moment of inertia and coordinates of the centre of gravity with respect to the beam end point. To this end, first, a difference function was formulated based on the differences between the peak frequencies and peak amplitudes of the experimental and analytical frequency response functions. Later, observation points were established in the design space using orthogonal arrays, and a response surface was developed using the difference function values at these points. Next, the tip mass parameters were determined by minimizing the response surface with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization as well as fmincon, a gradient-based solver of the Matlab program. For comparison purposes, those parameters were obtained by also direct minimization of the difference function with the same algorithms. It was concluded that the tip mass parameters were successfully determined within reasonable error limits by the response surface method with less computational burden. Finally, the effect of design space width on the response surface quality is demonstrated numerically.
{"title":"Identification of the tip mass parameters in a beam-tip mass system using response surface methodology","authors":"Hakan Gökdağ, Hilal Doğanay Katı","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0330","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, a response surface based approach is introduced to determine the physical parameters of the tip mass of a beam – tip mass system, such as mass, mass moment of inertia and coordinates of the centre of gravity with respect to the beam end point. To this end, first, a difference function was formulated based on the differences between the peak frequencies and peak amplitudes of the experimental and analytical frequency response functions. Later, observation points were established in the design space using orthogonal arrays, and a response surface was developed using the difference function values at these points. Next, the tip mass parameters were determined by minimizing the response surface with genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization as well as fmincon, a gradient-based solver of the Matlab program. For comparison purposes, those parameters were obtained by also direct minimization of the difference function with the same algorithms. It was concluded that the tip mass parameters were successfully determined within reasonable error limits by the response surface method with less computational burden. Finally, the effect of design space width on the response surface quality is demonstrated numerically.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane was prepared by a multilayer self-assembly method along with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane modification, while different thicknesses of the membrane layer were obtained by regulating the volume of graphene oxide dispersion. The removal rate of the membrane layer with different thicknesses of heavy metal ions was explored and its removal mechanism was explained. The results show that the membrane can maintain high stability after 90 days of immersion in water. When the volume of graphene oxide dispersant increases from 9 ml to 15 ml, the thickness of the membrane layer enhances from about 120 nm to about 200 nm. After filtration of 140 ml of different nitrate solutions, the water fluxes of different membranes are about 22.6 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, 6.1 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, and 1.4 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, respectively. The removal rates of the preferred membrane for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ are 43.3 %, 41.2 %, and 39.7 %, respectively. The ion removal mechanism is mainly due to the Dornan effect.
{"title":"Construction of amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane by multilayer self-assembly for efficient removal of heavy metal ions","authors":"Boshen Yang, Xuebing Hu, Qintao Zhou","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0352","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane was prepared by a multilayer self-assembly method along with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane modification, while different thicknesses of the membrane layer were obtained by regulating the volume of graphene oxide dispersion. The removal rate of the membrane layer with different thicknesses of heavy metal ions was explored and its removal mechanism was explained. The results show that the membrane can maintain high stability after 90 days of immersion in water. When the volume of graphene oxide dispersant increases from 9 ml to 15 ml, the thickness of the membrane layer enhances from about 120 nm to about 200 nm. After filtration of 140 ml of different nitrate solutions, the water fluxes of different membranes are about 22.6 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, 6.1 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, and 1.4 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, respectively. The removal rates of the preferred membrane for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ are 43.3 %, 41.2 %, and 39.7 %, respectively. The ion removal mechanism is mainly due to the Dornan effect.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139848258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane was prepared by a multilayer self-assembly method along with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane modification, while different thicknesses of the membrane layer were obtained by regulating the volume of graphene oxide dispersion. The removal rate of the membrane layer with different thicknesses of heavy metal ions was explored and its removal mechanism was explained. The results show that the membrane can maintain high stability after 90 days of immersion in water. When the volume of graphene oxide dispersant increases from 9 ml to 15 ml, the thickness of the membrane layer enhances from about 120 nm to about 200 nm. After filtration of 140 ml of different nitrate solutions, the water fluxes of different membranes are about 22.6 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, 6.1 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, and 1.4 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, respectively. The removal rates of the preferred membrane for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ are 43.3 %, 41.2 %, and 39.7 %, respectively. The ion removal mechanism is mainly due to the Dornan effect.
{"title":"Construction of amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane by multilayer self-assembly for efficient removal of heavy metal ions","authors":"Boshen Yang, Xuebing Hu, Qintao Zhou","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0352","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Amidinothiourea crosslinked graphene oxide membrane was prepared by a multilayer self-assembly method along with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane modification, while different thicknesses of the membrane layer were obtained by regulating the volume of graphene oxide dispersion. The removal rate of the membrane layer with different thicknesses of heavy metal ions was explored and its removal mechanism was explained. The results show that the membrane can maintain high stability after 90 days of immersion in water. When the volume of graphene oxide dispersant increases from 9 ml to 15 ml, the thickness of the membrane layer enhances from about 120 nm to about 200 nm. After filtration of 140 ml of different nitrate solutions, the water fluxes of different membranes are about 22.6 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, 6.1 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, and 1.4 l m−2 h−1·bar−1, respectively. The removal rates of the preferred membrane for Pb2+, Cd2+, and Cu2+ are 43.3 %, 41.2 %, and 39.7 %, respectively. The ion removal mechanism is mainly due to the Dornan effect.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139788580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Ce inoculated GX40CrNi25-20 material was produced by casting. The materials were subjected to heat treatment by being exposed to two different temperatures (1100, 1150 °C) and two different cooling intensities. The effects of heat treatment on primary and secondary carbide concentration, distribution, and type were investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests. The adhesive wear behavior of the materials was determined. After the homogenization heat treatment, the increased cooling intensity application decreased the hardness of the samples. After the homogenization heat treatment, the size of the primary carbides decreased and their distribution became homogeneous. Secondary carbides were dispersed into smaller and equiaxed formin the matrix. EGR inoculating reduced the precipitation of carbides and changed the shape of the precipitate to granule.
{"title":"Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel","authors":"S. Yilmaz, T. Teker, Bahadır Atik","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0366","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, Ce inoculated GX40CrNi25-20 material was produced by casting. The materials were subjected to heat treatment by being exposed to two different temperatures (1100, 1150 °C) and two different cooling intensities. The effects of heat treatment on primary and secondary carbide concentration, distribution, and type were investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests. The adhesive wear behavior of the materials was determined. After the homogenization heat treatment, the increased cooling intensity application decreased the hardness of the samples. After the homogenization heat treatment, the size of the primary carbides decreased and their distribution became homogeneous. Secondary carbides were dispersed into smaller and equiaxed formin the matrix. EGR inoculating reduced the precipitation of carbides and changed the shape of the precipitate to granule.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139819690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, Ce inoculated GX40CrNi25-20 material was produced by casting. The materials were subjected to heat treatment by being exposed to two different temperatures (1100, 1150 °C) and two different cooling intensities. The effects of heat treatment on primary and secondary carbide concentration, distribution, and type were investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests. The adhesive wear behavior of the materials was determined. After the homogenization heat treatment, the increased cooling intensity application decreased the hardness of the samples. After the homogenization heat treatment, the size of the primary carbides decreased and their distribution became homogeneous. Secondary carbides were dispersed into smaller and equiaxed formin the matrix. EGR inoculating reduced the precipitation of carbides and changed the shape of the precipitate to granule.
{"title":"Improved Gx40CrNi25-20 grade austenitic stainless steel","authors":"S. Yilmaz, T. Teker, Bahadır Atik","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0366","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study, Ce inoculated GX40CrNi25-20 material was produced by casting. The materials were subjected to heat treatment by being exposed to two different temperatures (1100, 1150 °C) and two different cooling intensities. The effects of heat treatment on primary and secondary carbide concentration, distribution, and type were investigated by using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometry, X-ray diffraction, and microhardness tests. The adhesive wear behavior of the materials was determined. After the homogenization heat treatment, the increased cooling intensity application decreased the hardness of the samples. After the homogenization heat treatment, the size of the primary carbides decreased and their distribution became homogeneous. Secondary carbides were dispersed into smaller and equiaxed formin the matrix. EGR inoculating reduced the precipitation of carbides and changed the shape of the precipitate to granule.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139879618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tolga Aydın, E. Erdem, B. Erkayman, Mustafa Engin Kocadağistan, T. Teker
Bearing fault detection is an important part of mechanical equipment and rotating machinery. Bearing failure should be detected early because it can lead to property and safety losses. This study proposes convolutional neural network (CNN) based models for bearing fault detection. Since the main advantages of the proposed methods apply to different types of warehouse data, failure can be detected in a short time and applied directly to raw data. These new models achieve comparable or better performance compared to the existing models in the literature. Although the structure of the proposed models is simpler and the number of parameters used is smaller, these new models achieve successful empirical results. Data sets from CWRU and IMS were used to test the models. This study compares the proposed models with the existing models in the literature. It also compares the new models with the machine learning algorithms and obtains better empirical results.
{"title":"A novel bearing fault detection approach using a convolutional neural network","authors":"Tolga Aydın, E. Erdem, B. Erkayman, Mustafa Engin Kocadağistan, T. Teker","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0334","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Bearing fault detection is an important part of mechanical equipment and rotating machinery. Bearing failure should be detected early because it can lead to property and safety losses. This study proposes convolutional neural network (CNN) based models for bearing fault detection. Since the main advantages of the proposed methods apply to different types of warehouse data, failure can be detected in a short time and applied directly to raw data. These new models achieve comparable or better performance compared to the existing models in the literature. Although the structure of the proposed models is simpler and the number of parameters used is smaller, these new models achieve successful empirical results. Data sets from CWRU and IMS were used to test the models. This study compares the proposed models with the existing models in the literature. It also compares the new models with the machine learning algorithms and obtains better empirical results.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140481496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study aimed to develop a recyclable composite material based on a natural product, namely banana fiber, instead of synthetic reinforcement elements such as glass fiber or carbon fiber in thermoplastic matrix composites employed in many aspects of daily life. Polyoxymethylene (POM) thermoplastic was used as the matrix material. 3 %, 6 %, and 9 % by weight short natural banana fiber was used as reinforcement. Furthermore, the study improved the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite material with chemical improvements based on alkali treatment of banana fiber. Banana fiber and POM was initially mixed mechanically and then extruded at temperatures between 170 and 190 °C to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The mixture obtained by extrusion was initially cooled in the cooling pool and then passed through the crusher to obtain granules. These granules were pressed in plastic injection molds to obtain standard test samples. The ratio of reinforcement material and the variations in mechanical and thermal properties of the composites induced by the alkali treatment are presented in figures and tables. Furthermore, the changes in cross-sectional material images were examined with electron microscopy scans. The tensile and flexural strength of the material improved with alkali treatment.
本研究旨在开发一种基于天然产品（即香蕉纤维）的可回收复合材料，以替代日常生活中许多方面使用的热塑性基复合材料中的玻璃纤维或碳纤维等合成增强元素。使用聚甲醛（POM）热塑性塑料作为基体材料。以重量百分比为 3%、6% 和 9% 的短天然香蕉纤维作为增强材料。此外，该研究还通过对香蕉纤维进行碱处理来改善复合材料的机械性能和热性能。香蕉纤维和聚甲醛首先进行机械混合，然后在 170 至 190 °C 的温度下进行挤压，以获得均匀的混合物。挤压得到的混合物首先在冷却池中冷却，然后通过破碎机得到颗粒。这些颗粒在注塑模具中压制，得到标准测试样品。增强材料的比例以及碱处理引起的复合材料机械性能和热性能的变化见图和表。此外，还利用电子显微镜扫描检查了材料横截面图像的变化。经碱处理后，材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均有所提高。
{"title":"Mechanical and thermal properties of short banana fiber reinforced polyoxymethylene composite materials dependent on alkali treatment","authors":"Akar Doğan, Çağdaş Güneş","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0308","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The present study aimed to develop a recyclable composite material based on a natural product, namely banana fiber, instead of synthetic reinforcement elements such as glass fiber or carbon fiber in thermoplastic matrix composites employed in many aspects of daily life. Polyoxymethylene (POM) thermoplastic was used as the matrix material. 3 %, 6 %, and 9 % by weight short natural banana fiber was used as reinforcement. Furthermore, the study improved the mechanical and thermal properties of the composite material with chemical improvements based on alkali treatment of banana fiber. Banana fiber and POM was initially mixed mechanically and then extruded at temperatures between 170 and 190 °C to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The mixture obtained by extrusion was initially cooled in the cooling pool and then passed through the crusher to obtain granules. These granules were pressed in plastic injection molds to obtain standard test samples. The ratio of reinforcement material and the variations in mechanical and thermal properties of the composites induced by the alkali treatment are presented in figures and tables. Furthermore, the changes in cross-sectional material images were examined with electron microscopy scans. The tensile and flexural strength of the material improved with alkali treatment.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Q355 steel with Cu interlayer was bonded by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding (TLP-DB) at different bonding temperatures, and good bonding joints were obtained. The joints were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties. The results show that there is a bending phenomenon caused by the difference of element diffusion at the bonding interface at the bonding temperature of 1050 °C. With the increase of the bonding temperature, the diffusion of Cu element plays a role in refining the grain, but with the increase of the bonding temperature, it will also lead to the overgrowth of the grain; At the bonding temperature of 1050 °C, there are obvious mutations in the diffusion of Cu and Fe elements, but the increase of the bonding temperature has a good effect on the interdiffusion of the elements. The mechanical properties test showed that with the increase of the bonding temperature, the hardness, shear strength, and impact toughness at the center of the joint increased first and then decreased, and all reached the maximum at 1100 °C. The electrochemical performance test showed that with the increase of temperature, the corrosion resistance of the joint also increased first and then decreased.
{"title":"Effect of bonding temperature on microstructure and properties of TLP joined Q355 steel with Cu interlayer","authors":"Bensheng Huang, Peng Tang, Chunyan Ju, Peng Chen, Wenzhu Shen, Hanyang Zuo","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0371","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Q355 steel with Cu interlayer was bonded by transient liquid phase diffusion bonding (TLP-DB) at different bonding temperatures, and good bonding joints were obtained. The joints were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and mechanical properties. The results show that there is a bending phenomenon caused by the difference of element diffusion at the bonding interface at the bonding temperature of 1050 °C. With the increase of the bonding temperature, the diffusion of Cu element plays a role in refining the grain, but with the increase of the bonding temperature, it will also lead to the overgrowth of the grain; At the bonding temperature of 1050 °C, there are obvious mutations in the diffusion of Cu and Fe elements, but the increase of the bonding temperature has a good effect on the interdiffusion of the elements. The mechanical properties test showed that with the increase of the bonding temperature, the hardness, shear strength, and impact toughness at the center of the joint increased first and then decreased, and all reached the maximum at 1100 °C. The electrochemical performance test showed that with the increase of temperature, the corrosion resistance of the joint also increased first and then decreased.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is aimed to examine the effect of welding parameters on cruciform welded joints. Armor steels are used in military applications such as tracked and wheeled armored vehicles. These steels are quenched and tempered steels and have high yield stress and hardness. Although the increase in carbon equivalent increases the ballistic level together with the hardness value, weldability decreases. Therefore, the welding parameters of these steels must be determined carefully. Before the welding, chemical analysis, macro examination, hardness test, tensile tests and ultrasonic examination were carried out to verify the material properties. After the verification tests, plates were welded with three different welding parameters to observe the changing of the mechanical properties. After the welding process, welded pieces were subjected to non-destructive tests to inspect the weld imperfections. After the inspection, welded specimens were subjected to hardness test, macro examination and tensile tests. In addition to these tests, weld penetration (WP) measurements were performed with a new assessment method. In this measurement method, unit of area takes into consideration instead of the unit of length. As a result, it is determined that with the increasing welding parameters although WP increase, hardness values in heat affected zone decrease.
{"title":"Effect of welding parameters on cruciform weld joints made of armor steel","authors":"Umut Yaşar Uzunali, H. Çuvalcı","doi":"10.1515/mt-2023-0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/mt-2023-0151","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 It is aimed to examine the effect of welding parameters on cruciform welded joints. Armor steels are used in military applications such as tracked and wheeled armored vehicles. These steels are quenched and tempered steels and have high yield stress and hardness. Although the increase in carbon equivalent increases the ballistic level together with the hardness value, weldability decreases. Therefore, the welding parameters of these steels must be determined carefully. Before the welding, chemical analysis, macro examination, hardness test, tensile tests and ultrasonic examination were carried out to verify the material properties. After the verification tests, plates were welded with three different welding parameters to observe the changing of the mechanical properties. After the welding process, welded pieces were subjected to non-destructive tests to inspect the weld imperfections. After the inspection, welded specimens were subjected to hardness test, macro examination and tensile tests. In addition to these tests, weld penetration (WP) measurements were performed with a new assessment method. In this measurement method, unit of area takes into consideration instead of the unit of length. As a result, it is determined that with the increasing welding parameters although WP increase, hardness values in heat affected zone decrease.","PeriodicalId":18231,"journal":{"name":"Materials Testing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139591745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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