M. Ješeta, K. Franzová, J. Žáková, P. Ventruba, I. Crha
Abstract Sperm separation for ICSI is an essential step in realization of the IVF procedures. The method of microfluidic separation of sperm cells using chips has been applied more and more frequently in recent years. This method is often presented as extremely gentle to spermatozoa and decreasing significantly concentration of sperm cells with fragmented DNA when compared to conventional methods. The aim of our study was to verify a microfluidic chip system from the perspective of its potential to select spermatozoa with non-fragmented DNA. We tested the efficiency of this separation method against the swim-up method. In this study we evaluated sperm DNA integrity before and after the separation methods in ten patients. Ejaculate of each patient was separated by both the swim up method and the microfluidic chip method at the same time. It was shown that both the methods are very similar in reduction of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA. Interestingly, the concentration of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was lower after the microfluidic separation than after the swim-up method in all the patients. Nevertheless, the differences were not statistically significant with only 2.1% on average, which is negligible in terms of practical use. Running title: Microfluidic chip and DNA fragmentation
{"title":"Comparison of microfluidic and swim-up sperm separation methods for IVF","authors":"M. Ješeta, K. Franzová, J. Žáková, P. Ventruba, I. Crha","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sperm separation for ICSI is an essential step in realization of the IVF procedures. The method of microfluidic separation of sperm cells using chips has been applied more and more frequently in recent years. This method is often presented as extremely gentle to spermatozoa and decreasing significantly concentration of sperm cells with fragmented DNA when compared to conventional methods. The aim of our study was to verify a microfluidic chip system from the perspective of its potential to select spermatozoa with non-fragmented DNA. We tested the efficiency of this separation method against the swim-up method. In this study we evaluated sperm DNA integrity before and after the separation methods in ten patients. Ejaculate of each patient was separated by both the swim up method and the microfluidic chip method at the same time. It was shown that both the methods are very similar in reduction of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA. Interestingly, the concentration of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was lower after the microfluidic separation than after the swim-up method in all the patients. Nevertheless, the differences were not statistically significant with only 2.1% on average, which is negligible in terms of practical use. Running title: Microfluidic chip and DNA fragmentation","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"170 - 175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45230093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Zuzanna Dorna, W. Pieńkowski, K. Stefańska, Rut Bryl, J. Žáková, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, M. Ješeta, B. Kempisty
Abstract The human placenta is a complex, multifunctional transient fetomaternal organ. The placenta is composed of the maternal decidua basalis and its fetal part, consisting of the mesenchymal and trophoblast cell lineages. Both the placenta and the amniotic membranes are abundant in readily available placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs). The clinical application of the PD-MSCs opens new perspectives for regenerative medicine and the treatment of various degenerative disorders. Their properties depend on their paracrine activity – the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines and specific exosomes. In contrast to the PD-MSCs, the trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are much more elusive. They can only be isolated from the blastocyst-stage embryos or the first-trimester placental tissue, making that procedure quite demanding. Also, other cultures require specific, strictly controlled conditions. TSCs may be potentially used as an in vitro model of various placental pathologies, facilitating the elucidation of their mysterious pathogenesis and creating the environment for testing the new drug efficiency. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that they could be ever implemented as a part of novel cellular therapeutic strategies in humans. Running title: Current knowledge on the placental stem cells
{"title":"Human placenta-derived stem cells - recent findings based on the molecular science","authors":"Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Zuzanna Dorna, W. Pieńkowski, K. Stefańska, Rut Bryl, J. Žáková, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, M. Ješeta, B. Kempisty","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The human placenta is a complex, multifunctional transient fetomaternal organ. The placenta is composed of the maternal decidua basalis and its fetal part, consisting of the mesenchymal and trophoblast cell lineages. Both the placenta and the amniotic membranes are abundant in readily available placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells (PD-MSCs). The clinical application of the PD-MSCs opens new perspectives for regenerative medicine and the treatment of various degenerative disorders. Their properties depend on their paracrine activity – the secretion of the anti-inflammatory cytokines and specific exosomes. In contrast to the PD-MSCs, the trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are much more elusive. They can only be isolated from the blastocyst-stage embryos or the first-trimester placental tissue, making that procedure quite demanding. Also, other cultures require specific, strictly controlled conditions. TSCs may be potentially used as an in vitro model of various placental pathologies, facilitating the elucidation of their mysterious pathogenesis and creating the environment for testing the new drug efficiency. Nonetheless, it is unlikely that they could be ever implemented as a part of novel cellular therapeutic strategies in humans. Running title: Current knowledge on the placental stem cells","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"164 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45369567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Bryja, W. Pieńkowski, K. Stefańska, B. Chermuła, Rut Bryl, M. Wieczorkiewicz, Jakub Kulus, G. Wąsiatycz, D. Bukowska, Kornel Ratajczak, J. Jaśkowski, J. Petitte, P. Mozdziak, L. Pawelczyk, R. Spaczyński, P. Antosik
Abstract The human granulosa cells (GCs) surround the oocyte and form the ovarian follicle’s proper architecture. These sub-populations include mural granulosa cells, antral granulosa cells, and cumulus granulosa cells. Their main functions are to support the oocyte’s growth (cumulus granulosa cells) and estradiol production (mural granulosa cells). After ovulation, the granulosa cells transform into the luteal cells of the corpus luteum and produce progesterone. Our study investigated the expression profile of three genes: TGFB1, CD105, and FSP1 during a 7-day in vitro culture. The analysis was conducted using the RT-qPCR technique. Changes in the expression of CD105 and FSP1 could be observed during the 7-day in vitro culture. In the case of TGFB, the expression remained at a similar level, with no statistically significant differences observed. Running title: Expression of TGFB1, CD105 and FSP1 in granulosa cells
{"title":"Analysis of TGFB1, CD105 and FSP1 expression in human granulosa cells during a 7-day primary in vitro culture","authors":"A. Bryja, W. Pieńkowski, K. Stefańska, B. Chermuła, Rut Bryl, M. Wieczorkiewicz, Jakub Kulus, G. Wąsiatycz, D. Bukowska, Kornel Ratajczak, J. Jaśkowski, J. Petitte, P. Mozdziak, L. Pawelczyk, R. Spaczyński, P. Antosik","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The human granulosa cells (GCs) surround the oocyte and form the ovarian follicle’s proper architecture. These sub-populations include mural granulosa cells, antral granulosa cells, and cumulus granulosa cells. Their main functions are to support the oocyte’s growth (cumulus granulosa cells) and estradiol production (mural granulosa cells). After ovulation, the granulosa cells transform into the luteal cells of the corpus luteum and produce progesterone. Our study investigated the expression profile of three genes: TGFB1, CD105, and FSP1 during a 7-day in vitro culture. The analysis was conducted using the RT-qPCR technique. Changes in the expression of CD105 and FSP1 could be observed during the 7-day in vitro culture. In the case of TGFB, the expression remained at a similar level, with no statistically significant differences observed. Running title: Expression of TGFB1, CD105 and FSP1 in granulosa cells","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"152 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41483765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kałużna, M. Nawrocki, Rut Bryl, K. Stefańska, M. Jemielity, P. Mozdziak, M. Nowicki, B. Perek
Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The most advanced forms of CAD are usually treated by means of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The selection of the appropriate vessels as aortocoronary conduits is of paramount importance. The internal thoracic artery (ITA) or the great saphenous vein (SV) are often harvested. Furthermore, epigenetic processes have been recently associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure, and post-translational histone processes may play a key role in understanding the genetic predisposition of vessels to vascular diseases. In the experiment performed, the transcript levels of JHDM1D, PHF8, and HDAC 1-3 in SV and ITA used for CABG procedures with RT-qPCR were examined. Total RNA was isolated by the method of Chomczyński and Sachi. RNA samples were reverse transcribed into cDNA using a commercial kit. The determination of the level of the transcripts of the mentioned genes was performed using the Light Cycler® 96 Real-Time PCR kit. Our analyzes confirmed that the studied genes related to post-translational modifications of histones are expressed in SV and ITA. In the saphenous vein, the expression of each of the individual genes was higher. The most considerable difference in transcript levels was recorded for HDAC1 and the smallest difference in expression for HDAC2. Our research suggests that more processes related to histone demethylation and acetylation occur in the saphenous vein, which may affect the selection of a vessel for CABG, but this research requires more research and additional analysis. Running title: Histone regulating gene expression in common coronary artery bypass graft vessels
{"title":"Study of the expression of genes associated with post-translational changes in histones in the internal thoracic artery and the saphenous vein grafts used in coronary artery bypass grafting procedure","authors":"S. Kałużna, M. Nawrocki, Rut Bryl, K. Stefańska, M. Jemielity, P. Mozdziak, M. Nowicki, B. Perek","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world. The most advanced forms of CAD are usually treated by means of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The selection of the appropriate vessels as aortocoronary conduits is of paramount importance. The internal thoracic artery (ITA) or the great saphenous vein (SV) are often harvested. Furthermore, epigenetic processes have been recently associated with atherosclerosis, hypertension, and heart failure, and post-translational histone processes may play a key role in understanding the genetic predisposition of vessels to vascular diseases. In the experiment performed, the transcript levels of JHDM1D, PHF8, and HDAC 1-3 in SV and ITA used for CABG procedures with RT-qPCR were examined. Total RNA was isolated by the method of Chomczyński and Sachi. RNA samples were reverse transcribed into cDNA using a commercial kit. The determination of the level of the transcripts of the mentioned genes was performed using the Light Cycler® 96 Real-Time PCR kit. Our analyzes confirmed that the studied genes related to post-translational modifications of histones are expressed in SV and ITA. In the saphenous vein, the expression of each of the individual genes was higher. The most considerable difference in transcript levels was recorded for HDAC1 and the smallest difference in expression for HDAC2. Our research suggests that more processes related to histone demethylation and acetylation occur in the saphenous vein, which may affect the selection of a vessel for CABG, but this research requires more research and additional analysis. Running title: Histone regulating gene expression in common coronary artery bypass graft vessels","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"183 - 189"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46418663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Saoirse Barrett, Rut Bryl, P. Gutaj, E. Wender-Ożegowska
Abstract Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is thought to be the most common metabolic gestational complication. Its prevalence has been continuously increasing in recent decades along with the rising epidemic of obesity in modern societies. GDM is associated with an increased risk of fetal growth abnormalities, birth traumas, and several neonatal complications. Widely available screening tools, fasting glucose measurements, combined with oral glucose tolerance test results, contribute to the reduction of the risk of those complications. Nevertheless, we are still looking for novel reliable early markers of GDM. It has been established that high 1st-trimester exosome concentrations could predispose the development of GDM in later pregnancy. Exosomes can be easily isolated from various tissues and body fluids in pregnant patients. Due to this, extracellular vesicle concentration assessment appears as a new promising tool in the prediction of GDM at the preclinical stage of the disease. Furthermore, it has been found that women already diagnosed with GDM have significantly higher exosome concentrations compared with healthy individuals. These findings could help to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of GDM. Exosomes are loaded with various molecules especially proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs. Altered expression of numerous microRNAs and enzymes such as dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in exosomes isolated from patients with GDM may suggest their direct contribution to the mechanisms of glucose intolerance. This knowledge could be used in the development of new therapeutic strategies in patients with GDM. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that these are only preliminary results that require further investigations. Running title: Exosomes in gestational diabetes
{"title":"Exosomes and their possible applications in the management of gestational diabetes","authors":"Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Saoirse Barrett, Rut Bryl, P. Gutaj, E. Wender-Ożegowska","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0018","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is thought to be the most common metabolic gestational complication. Its prevalence has been continuously increasing in recent decades along with the rising epidemic of obesity in modern societies. GDM is associated with an increased risk of fetal growth abnormalities, birth traumas, and several neonatal complications. Widely available screening tools, fasting glucose measurements, combined with oral glucose tolerance test results, contribute to the reduction of the risk of those complications. Nevertheless, we are still looking for novel reliable early markers of GDM. It has been established that high 1st-trimester exosome concentrations could predispose the development of GDM in later pregnancy. Exosomes can be easily isolated from various tissues and body fluids in pregnant patients. Due to this, extracellular vesicle concentration assessment appears as a new promising tool in the prediction of GDM at the preclinical stage of the disease. Furthermore, it has been found that women already diagnosed with GDM have significantly higher exosome concentrations compared with healthy individuals. These findings could help to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of GDM. Exosomes are loaded with various molecules especially proteins, lipids, mRNAs, and microRNAs. Altered expression of numerous microRNAs and enzymes such as dipeptidyl peptidase-IV in exosomes isolated from patients with GDM may suggest their direct contribution to the mechanisms of glucose intolerance. This knowledge could be used in the development of new therapeutic strategies in patients with GDM. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that these are only preliminary results that require further investigations. Running title: Exosomes in gestational diabetes","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"146 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46120348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rut Bryl, C. Dompe, M. Jankowski, K. Stefańska, A. G. Narenji, Jakub Kulus, M. Kulus, M. Wieczorkiewicz, G. Wąsiatycz, J. Jaśkowski, M. Kaczmarek, J. Petitte, P. Mozdziak, P. Antosik, D. Bukowska
Abstract Due to its availability and accessibility, adipose tissue has been the subject of various studies in many different medical fields and is believed to be a useful source of stem cells. The ability of ASCs to differentiate towards different cell lineages, with possibility of directing this differentiation, increases their possible clinical applications, and they have been widely employed in multiple therapies and treatment of different pathologies. However, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the ASCs osteoblastic and chondrocyte differentiation may lead to novel applications treating a multitude of different bone-related diseases through techniques more likely meeting worldwide consensus. In this study, the RT-qPCR method was used to determine the changes in expression of ASC specific markers (CD105, CD73, CD14, CD34, CD90 and CD45) before and after long-term (14-day) in vitro cultures. To confirm the identity of the investigated cells, flow cytometry was used to evaluate the presence of positive (CD44, CD90) and negative (CD45, CD34) ASC markers. Overall, the results of the PCR analysis showed a significant change in expression of most of the marker genes, indicating significant changes in the cultured cells caused by their long-term culture, potentially altering their original stem-like characteristics. Running title: ASC marker expression during long-term in vitro culture
{"title":"qPCR analysis of mesenchymal stem cell marker expression during the long-term culture of canine adipocyte derived stem cells","authors":"Rut Bryl, C. Dompe, M. Jankowski, K. Stefańska, A. G. Narenji, Jakub Kulus, M. Kulus, M. Wieczorkiewicz, G. Wąsiatycz, J. Jaśkowski, M. Kaczmarek, J. Petitte, P. Mozdziak, P. Antosik, D. Bukowska","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0017","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Due to its availability and accessibility, adipose tissue has been the subject of various studies in many different medical fields and is believed to be a useful source of stem cells. The ability of ASCs to differentiate towards different cell lineages, with possibility of directing this differentiation, increases their possible clinical applications, and they have been widely employed in multiple therapies and treatment of different pathologies. However, a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the ASCs osteoblastic and chondrocyte differentiation may lead to novel applications treating a multitude of different bone-related diseases through techniques more likely meeting worldwide consensus. In this study, the RT-qPCR method was used to determine the changes in expression of ASC specific markers (CD105, CD73, CD14, CD34, CD90 and CD45) before and after long-term (14-day) in vitro cultures. To confirm the identity of the investigated cells, flow cytometry was used to evaluate the presence of positive (CD44, CD90) and negative (CD45, CD34) ASC markers. Overall, the results of the PCR analysis showed a significant change in expression of most of the marker genes, indicating significant changes in the cultured cells caused by their long-term culture, potentially altering their original stem-like characteristics. Running title: ASC marker expression during long-term in vitro culture","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"139 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47718592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Kocherova, K. Stefańska, Rut Bryl, Joanna Perek, W. Pieńkowski, J. Žáková, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, P. Mozdziak, M. Ješeta
Abstract Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) play a crucial role in oocyte maturation, creating a favorable microenvironment around the oocyte. Therefore, enhanced apoptosis and GCs loss may negatively affect the intra-follicular milieu and compromise the oocyte quality, reducing pregnancy chances. Based on the RT-qPCR method, the present research revealed the differential expression of apoptosis-related genes (BCL2, BAX, p53, CASP9) during the seven days of primary in vitro culture of GCs isolated from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. Individual gene expression changes may reflect the GCs survival and/or apoptotic status at different time points. Running title: Apoptosis-related genes expression in granulosa cells in vitro
{"title":"Apoptosis-related genes expression in primary in vitro culture of human ovarian granulosa cells","authors":"I. Kocherova, K. Stefańska, Rut Bryl, Joanna Perek, W. Pieńkowski, J. Žáková, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, P. Mozdziak, M. Ješeta","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) play a crucial role in oocyte maturation, creating a favorable microenvironment around the oocyte. Therefore, enhanced apoptosis and GCs loss may negatively affect the intra-follicular milieu and compromise the oocyte quality, reducing pregnancy chances. Based on the RT-qPCR method, the present research revealed the differential expression of apoptosis-related genes (BCL2, BAX, p53, CASP9) during the seven days of primary in vitro culture of GCs isolated from patients undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure. Individual gene expression changes may reflect the GCs survival and/or apoptotic status at different time points. Running title: Apoptosis-related genes expression in granulosa cells in vitro","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"176 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46272357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Müller, Julia Czarnecka, M. Brzeziński, Jakub Pruś, B. Kulak, Andrzej Hołubowski, M. Stasiak, B. Borowiec, Rut Bryl, Lisa Moncrieff, M. Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
Abstract Stem cells and their usage for a long time are thought to be the future and hope in modern medicine. In this review we summarize development in science and bioengineering in this field. Opening with a description of newly discovered and studied sources of stem cells acquisition we present scientific methods progress and their application like 3D printing or transdifferentiation mode of action and results of these techniques. Technologies of genome editing like transcription activator-like effector nuclease, zinc-finger nucleases, or CRISPR Cas9 are also presented. In disease treatment and tissue reconstruction stem cells have proved to be effective most times due to great proliferation and differentiation potentials in presented in this summary pre-clinical and clinical studies for diseases like peripheral nerve palsy, myocardial infarction and heart ischemic disease and corneal wound healing. Running title: Current stem cells technologies used in medicine
{"title":"Current stem cells technologies used in medicine","authors":"Maria Müller, Julia Czarnecka, M. Brzeziński, Jakub Pruś, B. Kulak, Andrzej Hołubowski, M. Stasiak, B. Borowiec, Rut Bryl, Lisa Moncrieff, M. Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0016","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stem cells and their usage for a long time are thought to be the future and hope in modern medicine. In this review we summarize development in science and bioengineering in this field. Opening with a description of newly discovered and studied sources of stem cells acquisition we present scientific methods progress and their application like 3D printing or transdifferentiation mode of action and results of these techniques. Technologies of genome editing like transcription activator-like effector nuclease, zinc-finger nucleases, or CRISPR Cas9 are also presented. In disease treatment and tissue reconstruction stem cells have proved to be effective most times due to great proliferation and differentiation potentials in presented in this summary pre-clinical and clinical studies for diseases like peripheral nerve palsy, myocardial infarction and heart ischemic disease and corneal wound healing. Running title: Current stem cells technologies used in medicine","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"124 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41986994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Saoirse Barrett, Rut Bryl, P. Gutaj, Jakub Kulus, D. Bukowska, J. Petitte, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, J. Žáková, P. Mozdziak, M. Ješeta, E. Wender-Ożegowska
Abstract The placenta is a part of feto-maternal unit that develops from the maternal decidua basalis and fetal-derived trophoblast cells. The regulation of its early development is extremely intricate, albeit the elusive trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are thought to give rise to the fetal part of the placenta. TSCs may be isolated in both animal and human models. In detail, TSCs can be efficiently obtained from the early conceptus tissues – blastocysts or early placental tissue. The isolation of murine TSCs pave the way for analyses of human trophoblast cell lineages. Both human and animal stem cells retain similar characteristic properties – the ability for unrestricted self-renewal and differentiation into all trophoblast cell lines. Nevertheless, there are some essential differences across the various species which are especially pronounced when pertaining to their distinct optimal cell culture requirements. Moreover, there are several crucial discrepancies in the stemness marker gene transcription profiles between human and murine TSCs models. In vitro TSC models can be adapted to the elucidation of the pathophysiology of various reproductive complications. For instance, their properties may illustrate the conditions observed during the implantation or simulate the state of abnormal placentation. Observations gained from the experimental studies could potentially explain the cause of some cases of infertility, preeclampsia, and fetal growth abnormalities. Running title: Update on the trophoblast stem cells
{"title":"Trophoblast stem cells - methods of isolation, histological and cellular characteristic, and their possible applications in human and animal models","authors":"Rafał Sibiak, Michał Jaworski, Saoirse Barrett, Rut Bryl, P. Gutaj, Jakub Kulus, D. Bukowska, J. Petitte, I. Crha, P. Ventruba, J. Žáková, P. Mozdziak, M. Ješeta, E. Wender-Ożegowska","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The placenta is a part of feto-maternal unit that develops from the maternal decidua basalis and fetal-derived trophoblast cells. The regulation of its early development is extremely intricate, albeit the elusive trophoblast stem cells (TSCs) are thought to give rise to the fetal part of the placenta. TSCs may be isolated in both animal and human models. In detail, TSCs can be efficiently obtained from the early conceptus tissues – blastocysts or early placental tissue. The isolation of murine TSCs pave the way for analyses of human trophoblast cell lineages. Both human and animal stem cells retain similar characteristic properties – the ability for unrestricted self-renewal and differentiation into all trophoblast cell lines. Nevertheless, there are some essential differences across the various species which are especially pronounced when pertaining to their distinct optimal cell culture requirements. Moreover, there are several crucial discrepancies in the stemness marker gene transcription profiles between human and murine TSCs models. In vitro TSC models can be adapted to the elucidation of the pathophysiology of various reproductive complications. For instance, their properties may illustrate the conditions observed during the implantation or simulate the state of abnormal placentation. Observations gained from the experimental studies could potentially explain the cause of some cases of infertility, preeclampsia, and fetal growth abnormalities. Running title: Update on the trophoblast stem cells","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"95 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46510381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Borowiec, Rut Bryl, A. Bryja, P. Mozdziak, M. Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska
Abstract Several genes, namely CD44, CD90, CD105 and PCNA may be important in differentiation of porcine mucosa cell cultures. These genes are, inter alia, responsible for cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and its constituent secretion, cytoskeleton organization, epithelial to mesenchymal transition or proper course of DNA replication. A total of 20 pubertal crossbred Landrace gilts bred on commercial farms were used to produce buccal mucosa cultures, which were harvested on the 7th, 15th and 30th day after initiation of the culture. Expression levels of CD44, CD90, CD105 and PCNA were evaluated employing Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. CD44, CD90 and PCNA showed an unchanged expression pattern. Expression of CD44 on day 7 was the highest of all factors measured. The greatest difference between the measurement on 7th and 30th day was found in the PCNA gene. These results broaden the understanding of the transcriptome changes in porcine buccal mucosa cells for the duration of in vitro cultivation. Nevertheless, it is very important to consider that the in vitro conditions do not fully reflect the changes taking place in the living organism. It appears that tissues of the oral cavity possess high regenerative potential, and constitute suitable model for wound healing investigation. Running title: Confirmation of differentiation clusters’ and endoglin markers preset in porcine buccal mucosa cells
{"title":"Confirmation of differentiation clusters’ and endoglin markers preset in porcine buccal mucosa cells","authors":"B. Borowiec, Rut Bryl, A. Bryja, P. Mozdziak, M. Dyszkiewicz-Konwińska","doi":"10.2478/acb-2020-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/acb-2020-0015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several genes, namely CD44, CD90, CD105 and PCNA may be important in differentiation of porcine mucosa cell cultures. These genes are, inter alia, responsible for cell adhesion to extracellular matrix and its constituent secretion, cytoskeleton organization, epithelial to mesenchymal transition or proper course of DNA replication. A total of 20 pubertal crossbred Landrace gilts bred on commercial farms were used to produce buccal mucosa cultures, which were harvested on the 7th, 15th and 30th day after initiation of the culture. Expression levels of CD44, CD90, CD105 and PCNA were evaluated employing Real-Time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction. CD44, CD90 and PCNA showed an unchanged expression pattern. Expression of CD44 on day 7 was the highest of all factors measured. The greatest difference between the measurement on 7th and 30th day was found in the PCNA gene. These results broaden the understanding of the transcriptome changes in porcine buccal mucosa cells for the duration of in vitro cultivation. Nevertheless, it is very important to consider that the in vitro conditions do not fully reflect the changes taking place in the living organism. It appears that tissues of the oral cavity possess high regenerative potential, and constitute suitable model for wound healing investigation. Running title: Confirmation of differentiation clusters’ and endoglin markers preset in porcine buccal mucosa cells","PeriodicalId":18329,"journal":{"name":"Medical Journal of Cell Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"118 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47110473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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