A power factor analysis and a harmonic analysis of a modern glass fiber manufacturing plant are presented. Problems caused by low power factor and poor voltage regulation include utility billing penalties, low voltages, poor motor performance, reduced system capacity, and increased system losses. Possible solutions involve installing capacitors, relocating present capacitors, and using proper taps on the transformers. The measurement of harmonics and the effects of adding power factor correction capacitors are discussed. Possible solutions to the problem, such as the design of harmonic filters, are also discussed.<>
{"title":"Power factor and harmonic analysis of a modern glass fiber manufacturing plant","authors":"S. Mendis, C. Gilker, C. Casarez","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152454","url":null,"abstract":"A power factor analysis and a harmonic analysis of a modern glass fiber manufacturing plant are presented. Problems caused by low power factor and poor voltage regulation include utility billing penalties, low voltages, poor motor performance, reduced system capacity, and increased system losses. Possible solutions involve installing capacitors, relocating present capacitors, and using proper taps on the transformers. The measurement of harmonics and the effects of adding power factor correction capacitors are discussed. Possible solutions to the problem, such as the design of harmonic filters, are also discussed.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130029012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The auxiliary resonant commutated pole (ARCP), a new power converter topology that fully achieves soft switching without increasing primary device voltage or current ratings, is discussed. The ARCP converter is capable of true pulse-width modulation (PWM) control of each phase. The power circuit relies on the addition of an auxiliary triggered resonant commutation circuit or snubber to commutate the inductive load current from a main diode to an active device, allowing a zero voltage turn-off of the main devices. The auxiliary devices operate in a zero current soft switching mode, thereby requiring minimal current turn-off capability. The operation and control of the ARCP converter are discussed. Its performance is analyzed, and a simulation is presented. It is shown that the ARCP converter is capable of operation at elevated switching frequencies (10-30 kHz), high power levels (200-1000 kW), and high conversion efficiencies. the auxiliary devices will typically account for a 20% increase in the total silicon area of a three-phase power converter.<>
{"title":"The auxiliary resonant commutated pole converter","authors":"R. W. D. Doncker, James Patrick Lyons","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152341","url":null,"abstract":"The auxiliary resonant commutated pole (ARCP), a new power converter topology that fully achieves soft switching without increasing primary device voltage or current ratings, is discussed. The ARCP converter is capable of true pulse-width modulation (PWM) control of each phase. The power circuit relies on the addition of an auxiliary triggered resonant commutation circuit or snubber to commutate the inductive load current from a main diode to an active device, allowing a zero voltage turn-off of the main devices. The auxiliary devices operate in a zero current soft switching mode, thereby requiring minimal current turn-off capability. The operation and control of the ARCP converter are discussed. Its performance is analyzed, and a simulation is presented. It is shown that the ARCP converter is capable of operation at elevated switching frequencies (10-30 kHz), high power levels (200-1000 kW), and high conversion efficiencies. the auxiliary devices will typically account for a 20% increase in the total silicon area of a three-phase power converter.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131072720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two methods that use advanced control technology in order to improve the performance of AC servomotor systems are described. The first method is the detection of instantaneous speed using an observer. This method provides good response in speed control because it is possible to detect exactly the speed without detection dead time over a wide range of speeds. The second method is the identification of the mechanical inertia time corresponding to motor and load based on the model reference adaptive control; system (MRACS). This method enables instantaneous speed detection to be applied to systems in which the mechanical inertia time is unknown. Moreover, it can realize the automatic adjustment of a speed controller using the result of identification. The effectiveness of these methods has been confirmed by experimentation. The experimental system is composed of a digital controller with a digital signal processor (DSP), a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverter, and a permanent magnetic motor.<>
{"title":"Instantaneous speed detection with parameter identification for AC servo systems","authors":"K. Fujita, K. Sado","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152252","url":null,"abstract":"Two methods that use advanced control technology in order to improve the performance of AC servomotor systems are described. The first method is the detection of instantaneous speed using an observer. This method provides good response in speed control because it is possible to detect exactly the speed without detection dead time over a wide range of speeds. The second method is the identification of the mechanical inertia time corresponding to motor and load based on the model reference adaptive control; system (MRACS). This method enables instantaneous speed detection to be applied to systems in which the mechanical inertia time is unknown. Moreover, it can realize the automatic adjustment of a speed controller using the result of identification. The effectiveness of these methods has been confirmed by experimentation. The experimental system is composed of a digital controller with a digital signal processor (DSP), a pulse-width-modulation (PWM) inverter, and a permanent magnetic motor.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129926195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most common method of graphing a two-dimensional electric or magnetic field is by drawing the lines of force. Such vector diagrams may become confusing if the field has nonzero divergence, many fine details, or discontinuities. The alternative presented in this work is to indicate the direction of the vector field at a point by a color, and its intensity by brightness. The advantages of this are that field intensities are readily apparent and can be compared easily, discontinuities present no special problems, and the algorithm can be implemented much more easily than the traditional approach of drawing force lines. An ordinary PS/2 model 80 with coprocessor is found to be a suitable hardware platform for this method. This method is immediately applicable to any two-dimensional vector field over a bounded rectangular region.<>
{"title":"An algorithm for the visual representation of a two-dimensional vector field","authors":"D. Kučerovský","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152292","url":null,"abstract":"The most common method of graphing a two-dimensional electric or magnetic field is by drawing the lines of force. Such vector diagrams may become confusing if the field has nonzero divergence, many fine details, or discontinuities. The alternative presented in this work is to indicate the direction of the vector field at a point by a color, and its intensity by brightness. The advantages of this are that field intensities are readily apparent and can be compared easily, discontinuities present no special problems, and the algorithm can be implemented much more easily than the traditional approach of drawing force lines. An ordinary PS/2 model 80 with coprocessor is found to be a suitable hardware platform for this method. This method is immediately applicable to any two-dimensional vector field over a bounded rectangular region.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126805769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dynamic behavior of a multiprocessor-based 12-pulse circulating current cycloconverter is discussed. The cycloconverter can provide a high output-to-input frequency ratio for fixed and variable-frequency applications. Waveform-level simulation of the cycloconverter indicates that both feedback and feedforward techniques can be used to minimize the tracking error of the circulating current controller. A prototype was used to test the response of the 12-pulse, single-phase cycloconverter system. The control is implemented by six 16 bit microprocessor cards and additional input and output cards resident in a single card cage.<>
{"title":"Dynamic behaviour of a cycloconverter system","authors":"W. A. Hill, E. Ho, I. Neuzil","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152310","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamic behavior of a multiprocessor-based 12-pulse circulating current cycloconverter is discussed. The cycloconverter can provide a high output-to-input frequency ratio for fixed and variable-frequency applications. Waveform-level simulation of the cycloconverter indicates that both feedback and feedforward techniques can be used to minimize the tracking error of the circulating current controller. A prototype was used to test the response of the 12-pulse, single-phase cycloconverter system. The control is implemented by six 16 bit microprocessor cards and additional input and output cards resident in a single card cage.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114499109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. A. Franz, J. Walden, R. S. Scott, W. Bicknell, R. Steigerwald
AC and DC power MOSFET models for the design of resonant power converters are described. The influence of device parameters on the circuit performance is investigated in detail. A 1 MHz resonant converter circuit is simulated, and circuit waveforms are shown to agree with breadboard measurements with a high level of accuracy. Thus, design optimization can be performed through simulations without the need of breadboard iterations.<>
{"title":"Use of accurate MOS models for optimizing resonant converter designs","authors":"G. A. Franz, J. Walden, R. S. Scott, W. Bicknell, R. Steigerwald","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152394","url":null,"abstract":"AC and DC power MOSFET models for the design of resonant power converters are described. The influence of device parameters on the circuit performance is investigated in detail. A 1 MHz resonant converter circuit is simulated, and circuit waveforms are shown to agree with breadboard measurements with a high level of accuracy. Thus, design optimization can be performed through simulations without the need of breadboard iterations.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127609330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Computer-aided analysis and design of both load- and forced-commutation circuits and di/dt and dv/dt protection circuits for thyristors are presented. The thyristor model used features five programmable parameters, including di/dt and dv/dt ratings. The simulation and theoretically predicted results are compared.<>
{"title":"Computer-aided analysis and design of commutating, di/dt, and dv/dt circuits for thyristors","authors":"N. A. Losic","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152336","url":null,"abstract":"Computer-aided analysis and design of both load- and forced-commutation circuits and di/dt and dv/dt protection circuits for thyristors are presented. The thyristor model used features five programmable parameters, including di/dt and dv/dt ratings. The simulation and theoretically predicted results are compared.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130142065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The magnetic fields produced by the stator windings and induced via the rotor of a composite, cascade induction machine are investigated with simplified operating assumptions. The rotor used is the single-layer, modified cage developed by A. R. W. Broadway and L. Burbridge (see Proc. IEE, vol.117, p.1277-90, 1970). The input and control circuits share the same stator coils. The operation of the machine is dependent upon spatial harmonics of the stator and rotor conductor structures; therefore, the spatial harmonic contents of the excitation and induced fields are determined. A design formula for minimizing low-order, undesirable harmonics produced by the stator coils is presented. The form of the field harmonics and their direction of travel with respect to the rotor are established. Based upon the physical interactions of the rotor fields, a novel steady-state equivalent circuit with two excitation sources is established, along with the form of the requisite coupling factors. Contributions of the harmonic fields to the instantaneous and average torques are considered.<>
在简化的工作假设下，研究了复合串级感应电机的定子绕组产生的经转子感应的磁场。使用的转子是单层，改进笼由A. R. W. Broadway和L. Burbridge(见Proc. IEE, vol.117, p.1277- 90,1970)。输入电路和控制电路共用同一个定子线圈。机器的运行依赖于定子和转子导体结构的空间谐波;因此，确定了激发场和感应场的空间谐波含量。提出了一种使定子线圈产生的低次谐波最小化的设计公式。建立了磁场谐波的形式及其相对于转子的传播方向。基于转子磁场的物理相互作用，建立了一种新型的双励磁源稳态等效电路，并给出了所需耦合因子的形式。考虑了谐波场对瞬时力矩和平均力矩的贡献。
{"title":"Characterization of the brushless, doubly-fed machine by magnetic field analysis","authors":"G. C. Alexander","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152166","url":null,"abstract":"The magnetic fields produced by the stator windings and induced via the rotor of a composite, cascade induction machine are investigated with simplified operating assumptions. The rotor used is the single-layer, modified cage developed by A. R. W. Broadway and L. Burbridge (see Proc. IEE, vol.117, p.1277-90, 1970). The input and control circuits share the same stator coils. The operation of the machine is dependent upon spatial harmonics of the stator and rotor conductor structures; therefore, the spatial harmonic contents of the excitation and induced fields are determined. A design formula for minimizing low-order, undesirable harmonics produced by the stator coils is presented. The form of the field harmonics and their direction of travel with respect to the rotor are established. Based upon the physical interactions of the rotor fields, a novel steady-state equivalent circuit with two excitation sources is established, along with the form of the requisite coupling factors. Contributions of the harmonic fields to the instantaneous and average torques are considered.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122532934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A finite-element-based three-dimensional field solution for the magnetically saturable chokes that are used in many industrial electronics systems is presented. The inductances computed based on the finite-element field solution are compared with the estimated nonlinear inductances from actual measurements. The results show the adequacy of the three-dimensional finite-elements simulation. The results of the field solution are used to study the factors that influence the nonlinear characteristics of the chokes, such as the air-gap geometry, the equivalent winding turns and the property of material anisotropy.<>
{"title":"Design of saturable chokes for industrial electronic systems","authors":"H. Tsai, A. Keyhani","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152355","url":null,"abstract":"A finite-element-based three-dimensional field solution for the magnetically saturable chokes that are used in many industrial electronics systems is presented. The inductances computed based on the finite-element field solution are compared with the estimated nonlinear inductances from actual measurements. The results show the adequacy of the three-dimensional finite-elements simulation. The results of the field solution are used to study the factors that influence the nonlinear characteristics of the chokes, such as the air-gap geometry, the equivalent winding turns and the property of material anisotropy.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"716 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122993234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A vector control system for a slip-frequency controlled induction motor is introduced. The system has a simple structure, fair performance, and convenient operation. It is realized by two single-chip microprocessors and fed from a sinusoidal PWM-GTR inverter. The whole system is combined from two subsystems, both 8031 single-chip microprocessors. The communication between them is coordinated by the full-duplex serial port within the chip in an ask-and-answer communication manner. The adopted error-correcting means has improved the operational reliability of the system. Experimental results on a 3 kW induction motor are given.<>
{"title":"Multiprocessor control for a AC motor slip-frequency vector control system","authors":"Xu Yinguan, Cui Gejin","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1990.152257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1990.152257","url":null,"abstract":"A vector control system for a slip-frequency controlled induction motor is introduced. The system has a simple structure, fair performance, and convenient operation. It is realized by two single-chip microprocessors and fed from a sinusoidal PWM-GTR inverter. The whole system is combined from two subsystems, both 8031 single-chip microprocessors. The communication between them is coordinated by the full-duplex serial port within the chip in an ask-and-answer communication manner. The adopted error-correcting means has improved the operational reliability of the system. Experimental results on a 3 kW induction motor are given.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":185839,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1990 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124105914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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