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Islamic finance and its role in SME development case in point: Egypt 伊斯兰金融及其在中小企业发展中的作用,以埃及为例
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052770
Omnia Kelig
This research aims to introduce a comprehensive Shari’ah-compliant financial services offering in Egypt, to be utilised as a growth engine for Egypt’s small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs). The applied methodology utilises available literature on Islamic finance and primary information derived from Egypt’s banking and investment practices and SMEs status and problems. The findings reveal that Egypt offers a valuable opportunity to rejuvenate its Islamic finance offering. The findings serve as a first guidance towards creating an Islamic finance offering while eliminating the funding bias towards larger corporations. The topic is original and not tackled by previous literature; useful for both academics and practitioners.
本研究旨在介绍一个全面的符合伊斯兰教法的金融服务在埃及提供,被用作埃及的中小企业(SMEs)的增长引擎。应用的方法利用现有的伊斯兰金融文献和主要信息,从埃及的银行和投资实践和中小企业的地位和问题。调查结果显示,埃及提供了一个重振其伊斯兰金融业务的宝贵机会。这些发现为创建伊斯兰金融产品提供了第一个指导,同时消除了对大公司的融资偏见。这个话题是原创的,以前的文献没有涉及;对学者和实践者都很有用。
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引用次数: 0
Fashion effects on customer satisfaction: an analysis of the Pakistani shoe industry 时尚对顾客满意度的影响:巴基斯坦鞋业的分析
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052761
M. Saeed, Aysha Karamat Baig
The purpose of this paper is to identify the perceptions of Pakistani fashion consumers and variables that have an impact on their satisfaction level. The findings from this study are limited to consumers on the eastern side of Pakistan. A survey was conducted to examine the factors that affect customer satisfaction regarding fashion. Convenience sampling was used and data was collected from three sites. A total of 100 usable questionnaires were collected from Pakistani consumers. Fashion consciousness is rapidly increasing in Pakistan. A key factor behind the purchasing behaviour of people is that they are not compromising on the comfort of shoes, but they want to differentiate themselves from others. This study suggests that the foot wear industry should focus on certain important factors to attract and satisfy young fashion-conscious consumers, and other age groups should also be focused on and engaged. Most of the fashion-related studies have been conducted in developed countries but in developing countries like in Pakistan, this area is barren. Fashion and customer satisfaction have not been utilised to explain consumers’ perceptions. This paper tries to focus on key factors regarding satisfaction level of footwear consumers in the province of Punjab, Pakistan.
本文的目的是确定巴基斯坦时尚消费者的看法和影响其满意度的变量。这项研究的结果仅限于巴基斯坦东部的消费者。我们进行了一项调查,以研究影响顾客对时尚满意度的因素。采用方便抽样法,从三个地点采集数据。从巴基斯坦消费者那里共收集了100份可用问卷。在巴基斯坦,时尚意识正在迅速增强。人们购买行为背后的一个关键因素是,他们不会在鞋子的舒适度上妥协,但他们想让自己与众不同。这项研究表明,鞋业应该关注某些重要因素来吸引和满足年轻的时尚意识消费者,其他年龄段的消费者也应该关注和参与。大多数与时尚相关的研究都是在发达国家进行的,但在巴基斯坦等发展中国家,这一领域是贫瘠的。时尚和顾客满意度并没有被用来解释消费者的看法。本文试图关注巴基斯坦旁遮普省鞋类消费者满意度的关键因素。
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引用次数: 2
The relationship between consumers’ religiosity and risk perceptions surrounding the use of SNS 消费者宗教信仰与社交网络使用风险感知之间的关系
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052758
T. Baazeem, Ursula S Bougoure, Larry Neale
Religion remains a significant influence on many consumers’ lives, affecting consumer behaviour in terms of moral standards, thoughts, judgments, attitudes, and actions. In previous research, religion has been shown to affect consumer decision making, and ethical judgments towards the marketers and the communication tools they use. However, due to the sensitivity of issues surrounding religious beliefs and actions, religiosity related to consumer behaviour has remained an under-researched area. Furthermore, social networking sites (SNS) such as Twitter and Facebook have become a significant part of millions of lives around the world. The importance of religion and the importance of SNSs in people’s lives provide high possibility for interactive relationships between them. Hence, there is still a need not only to develop a theoretical explanation of how individual religiosity impacts consumer behaviour, but also to improve our theoretical understanding of the relationship between consumers’ religiosity and risk perceptions surrounding the use of SNS. Based on insight from Hunt-Vitell’s General Theory of Marketing Ethics (1986), this paper develops a conceptual argument that aims to improve our theoretical understanding of the relationship between consumers’ religiosity and risk perceptions surrounding the use of SNS.
宗教仍然对许多消费者的生活产生重大影响,从道德标准、思想、判断、态度和行动等方面影响消费者的行为。在之前的研究中,宗教已经被证明会影响消费者的决策,以及对营销人员和他们使用的沟通工具的道德判断。然而,由于围绕宗教信仰和行为的问题的敏感性,与消费者行为相关的宗教信仰仍然是一个研究不足的领域。此外,社交网站(SNS),如Twitter和Facebook已经成为世界各地数百万人生活的重要组成部分。宗教和社交网站在人们生活中的重要性为它们之间的互动关系提供了很高的可能性。因此,我们不仅需要对个人宗教信仰如何影响消费者行为进行理论解释,而且还需要提高我们对消费者宗教信仰与社交媒体使用风险感知之间关系的理论理解。基于Hunt-Vitell的《营销伦理通论》(1986)的见解,本文提出了一个概念性论点,旨在提高我们对消费者宗教信仰与社交媒体使用风险感知之间关系的理论理解。
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引用次数: 0
How generation Y is energising the ‘Muslim’ brand through novelty t-shirts Y一代是如何通过新奇的t恤为“穆斯林”品牌注入活力的
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052759
Hira Javed
Generation Y is a confident and ambitious group of young individuals that is globally connected and politically active in its communities. Despite being a more conformist generation than those before them, Generation Y wants to determine its religiosity on its own terms. In a post-9/11 Western world, Muslim Generation Y is reclaiming its religious identity and, as a result, is energising the ‘Muslim’ brand. These enterprising young Muslims are changing the packaging to reflect a cooler, hipper, wittier, and more confident ‘Muslim’ persona. Novelty t-shirts are the medium that allows all members of this consumer base to put on this packaging and associate themselves with this energised brand called ‘Muslim’. Any product or service targeted towards Muslim Generation Y must also share this energy and reflect the energised ‘Muslim’ brand.
Y一代是一群自信、雄心勃勃的年轻人,他们与全球联系在一起,在自己的社区中积极参与政治。尽管Y一代比他们之前的一代更墨守成规,但他们想要用自己的方式来决定自己的宗教信仰。在后9/11时代的西方世界,穆斯林Y世代正在重拾自己的宗教身份,因此,他们正在为“穆斯林”这个品牌注入活力。这些有进取心的年轻穆斯林正在改变包装,以反映一个更酷、更时髦、更机智、更自信的“穆斯林”形象。新奇的t恤是一种媒介,可以让这个消费群体的所有成员穿上这种包装,并将自己与这个名为“穆斯林”的充满活力的品牌联系起来。任何针对穆斯林Y世代的产品或服务都必须分享这种能量,并反映出充满活力的“穆斯林”品牌。
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引用次数: 0
A study of Islamic customer satisfaction 伊斯兰顾客满意度研究
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052771
A. Noroozi
Customer satisfaction’s key role in marketing has led to the development of models to measure this concept. Customer satisfaction has been used as a critical index of business’ success. It could gradually find its way through other managerial tools and performance measurements, and has even led to the development of national customer satisfaction indices. In any concept related to the human sciences, kinds of ontological, epistemological, and human nature assumptions do have an effect on the quality of concept. The dominance of utilitarianism over global business environment has driven the concept of customer satisfaction toward a tool to generate more profit. Islamic thought opposes the aforementioned perspective in customer satisfaction. The Muslim way of thought is led by an endeavour to reach God’s satisfaction as a final goal of life whether on an individual level or a social level, whether in a for-profit environment or a not for-profit environment. By considering God’s satisfaction as the final goal, gaining customer satisfaction would be acceptable. In addition, customer satisfaction has to respect the human position, which in Islamic literature is called Takrim. Using grounded theory to build a theory on this proposition, several interviews with Islamic experts have been conducted.
顾客满意度在市场营销中的关键作用导致了衡量这一概念的模型的发展。顾客满意度已被用作企业成功的关键指标。它可以逐渐通过其他管理工具和绩效衡量方法找到出路,甚至导致了全国客户满意度指数的发展。在任何与人文科学相关的概念中,各种本体论、认识论和人性假设确实对概念的质量有影响。功利主义在全球商业环境中的主导地位,将客户满意度的概念推向了产生更多利润的工具。伊斯兰思想反对上述顾客满意的观点。无论是在个人层面还是在社会层面,无论是在盈利环境还是非盈利环境中,穆斯林的思想方式都是通过努力达到真主的满足作为生活的最终目标。把上帝的满意作为最终目标,获得顾客的满意是可以接受的。此外,顾客满意必须尊重人的地位,这在伊斯兰文学中被称为塔克里姆。利用有根据的理论来建立关于这一命题的理论,对伊斯兰专家进行了几次采访。
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引用次数: 0
The feasibility of establishing Islamic banks in the UK: the case of Nottingham 在英国建立伊斯兰银行的可行性:以诺丁汉为例
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052762
Ramana Sheikh, M. Ahammad
The paper investigates the feasibility of establishing Islamic banks in the UK. Based on the responses obtained from Muslim and non-Muslim participants in Nottingham City, we found strong evidence of successful establishments of Islamic banks in the UK. We found that only 45% of respondents were aware of the existence of an Islamic banking system in the UK. This suggests that Islamic banks need to focus more on marketing and promotion of Islamic banking services in order to increase awareness among potential customers. Most of the respondents perceived non-interest-bearing banking services and the profit and loss sharing concept of Islamic banking as an attractive alternative to the conventional banking system. However, one of the most difficult challenges identified by the respondents was the name of the Islamic banks. Respondents indicated that Islamic products and services could be more attractive if they were not labelled Islamic.
本文探讨了在英国建立伊斯兰银行的可行性。根据诺丁汉市穆斯林和非穆斯林参与者的回答,我们发现了在英国成功建立伊斯兰银行的有力证据。我们发现,只有45%的受访者知道英国存在伊斯兰银行体系。这表明,伊斯兰银行需要更多地关注营销和推广伊斯兰银行服务,以提高潜在客户的认识。大多数答复者认为,伊斯兰银行的无息银行服务和损益分担概念是传统银行系统的一个有吸引力的替代方案。然而,答复者指出的最困难的挑战之一是伊斯兰银行的名称。受访者表示,伊斯兰产品和服务如果不贴上伊斯兰的标签,可能会更有吸引力。
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引用次数: 4
Marketing mix through the integration of new and traditional media: a review of recent literature 通过新媒体和传统媒体的整合进行营销组合:近期文献综述
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052756
Nor Azura Adzharuddin
The advertising trend has stimulated towards communicating persuasive messages of a product using two or more media, especially through the integration of traditional media and new media. Contributing to this current issue in advertising research, the purpose of this paper is to explore the current advertising trend through the latest literature on integration of marketing communication of new media and traditional media. The investigation through the traditional medium (television) and the new medium (the internet), which in particular was based on the peripheral routes of persuasion using celebrity endorsement, showed support that the integration of these two mediums can promote memory performance and encourage positive attitudes on the part of consumers. The position of new media especially the internet has also progressed rapidly for the past years. Therefore, new media can play a significant role in contributing to the effectiveness of a marketing mix when integrated with traditional media, specifically with television.
广告的趋势刺激了使用两种或两种以上的媒体,特别是通过传统媒体和新媒体的结合来传播产品的说服性信息。本文旨在通过新媒体与传统媒体营销传播整合的最新文献,探讨当前广告研究的趋势。通过传统媒体(电视)和新媒体(互联网)的调查,特别是基于名人代言的外围说服路线,支持这两种媒体的整合可以促进记忆表现,并鼓励消费者的积极态度。近年来,新媒体尤其是互联网的地位也有了长足的进步。因此,当新媒体与传统媒体,特别是电视相结合时,新媒体可以在促进营销组合的有效性方面发挥重要作用。
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引用次数: 4
Gauging attitudes towards the environment through NEP: a case study from India 通过新经济政策衡量对环境的态度:来自印度的案例研究
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052760
Anna Khan, Mohammed Naved Khan, T. Siddiqui
Rapid deterioration of environment poses a serious threat to our planet. Emerging economies like India have been slow in realising that the threat is for real. It is in this context that the present paper attempts to gauge the attitude of Indian respondents and their sensitivity towards the environment primarily using new environmental paradigm (NEP) scale originally developed by Dunlap and Van Liere (1978). Findings suggest that while age and gender do not have significant effect on the attitude of individuals toward the environment, educational level does a role to play in how a person reacts towards his surroundings. The study has an applied bias as the findings can be of vital importance to policy makers in the government in deciding on environment related regulations and public awareness programs; and by the marketers in dovetailing promotional strategies and embracing green initiatives.
环境的迅速恶化对我们的星球构成了严重威胁。像印度这样的新兴经济体在意识到这种威胁是真实存在的方面进展缓慢。正是在这种背景下,本文试图衡量印度受访者的态度及其对环境的敏感性,主要使用最初由Dunlap和Van Liere(1978)开发的新环境范式(NEP)量表。研究结果表明,虽然年龄和性别对个人对环境的态度没有显著影响,但教育水平确实在一个人对环境的反应中发挥了作用。由于研究结果对政府决策者在制定环境相关法规和公众意识项目时至关重要,因此该研究具有应用倾向性;市场营销人员将促销策略与绿色倡议相结合。
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引用次数: 9
Exploring future markets for Pakistani halal meat export 探索巴基斯坦清真肉类出口的未来市场
Pub Date : 2013-03-22 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2013.052757
R. M. Ayyub, Adeela Rana, Abdul Rahman Abdul Bagi, Abdul Aziz Al-Thomaly
There is around $580 billion (US dollar) global halal market. Being an Islamic country, Pakistani meat is predominantly perceived as halal. The present study has been designed to explore the future potential markets for Pakistani halal meat. There is no comprehensive study in this respect, and so the present study fills this gap. The study is based on secondary data collected from journal articles, government, United Nations Organization (UNO) reports and news/online articles. The data is organised across a wide range of aspects to be used in strategic market planning for emerging markets of five countries. It was found that the demand of halal meat is increasing day by day and Pakistan has unlimited market opportunities in non-conventional markets including western countries as well. It is also substantiated that Pakistan can enjoy increased earnings by penetrating these markets. The findings have implications for meat export organisations and governmental authorities to go for prudent approaches and sel...
全球清真市场规模约为5800亿美元。作为一个伊斯兰国家,巴基斯坦的肉类主要被认为是清真的。本研究旨在探索巴基斯坦清真肉类未来的潜在市场。在这方面还没有全面的研究,因此本研究填补了这一空白。这项研究基于从期刊文章、政府、联合国组织(UNO)报告和新闻/在线文章中收集的二手数据。这些数据是在五个国家的新兴市场的战略市场规划中使用的广泛方面组织的。调查发现,对清真肉类的需求日益增加,巴基斯坦在包括西方国家在内的非传统市场也有无限的市场机会。也有证据表明,巴基斯坦可以通过渗透这些市场来增加收入。研究结果对肉类出口组织和政府当局采取谨慎的做法和销售具有启示意义。
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引用次数: 12
A theoretical framework of entrepreneurship and innovation in healthcare organisations 创业和创新在医疗机构的理论框架
Pub Date : 2012-07-06 DOI: 10.1504/IJSEI.2012.047627
V. Ratten
This paper examines the role of entrepreneurship and innovation in the context of healthcare management by offering a number of research propositions. In recent years, hospitals have attracted ever growing commentary about rising costs and the need for improving information technology systems. Whilst there have been some service innovations introduced from other industries, particularly the manufacturing industry, there have been few service innovations originating from the healthcare sector. In the healthcare sector, there are a number of service innovations, which are discussed in this paper in terms of their relevance to managerial roles of hospital staff members. In addition, this paper examines the role of entrepreneurial managers in determining innovative technology behaviour in healthcare organisations. Literature from innovation management, corporate intrapreneurship and healthcare management is used to explain the findings of this paper and future areas of research are also proposed.
本文通过提供一些研究命题,考察了创业和创新在医疗管理背景下的作用。近年来,医院吸引了越来越多关于成本上升和需要改进信息技术系统的评论。虽然从其他行业,特别是制造业引进了一些服务创新,但来自医疗保健部门的服务创新很少。在医疗保健部门,有许多服务创新,这是在本文中讨论的相关方面,医院工作人员的管理角色。此外,本文探讨了创业经理人在确定创新技术行为在医疗保健组织中的作用。从创新管理,企业内部创业和医疗保健管理的文献被用来解释本文的发现,并提出了未来的研究领域。
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引用次数: 8
期刊
International Journal of Social Entrepreneurship and Innovation
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