Materials Characterization最新文献_第9页

Enhanced impact toughness in HSLA steel via Ti-Ca-Al oxides and suitable Mn/C ratio Ti-Ca-Al氧化物和适当的Mn/C比提高了HSLA钢的冲击韧性

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116071

Xin Wang , Guangquan Li , Jinhua Zhou , Nannan Zhang , Chao Wang , Guo Yuan

In this study, the influence of manganese versus carbon (Mn/C) mass ratio on the impact toughness of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steel containing Ti-Ca-Al oxide particles was investigated. The results indicated that the dominant Ti-Ca-Al-O-MnS/TiN particles in steels with three Mn/C ratio promoted the formation of acicular ferrite (AF). In the 0.13C-1.65Mn steel (Mn/C ≈ 13), a relatively high carbon content promotes the formation of pearlite and carbides, but its microstructure is still mainly AF, accompanied by some polygonal ferrite (PF). When the carbon content was reduced to 0.07 wt% (Mn/C ≈ 24), carbides were no longer observed. A fine AF microstructure predominated, characterized by high-angle grain boundaries and a high density of dislocations. Furthermore, in the 0.06C-2.55Mn steel (Mn/C ≈ 43), granular bainite (GB) and martensite-austenite (M-A) were observed, and AF nucleation was limited due to the combined effects of ultra-low C content and high Mn content. The impact toughness of HSLA steel containing Ti-Ca-Al oxides with Mn/C ratios of 13, 24, and 43 is ∼111 J, ∼213 J, and ∼35 J at 0 °C, respectively. At −20 °C, the steel with a Mn/C ratio of 24 still exhibited high impact toughness (∼160 J), which is 5.7 and 11.4 times higher than those of the steels with Mn/C ratios of 13 and 43, respectively. This study provides an effective method for further microstructure refinement and toughness improvement of hot-rolled HSLA steels.

本文研究了锰碳（Mn/C）质量比对含Ti-Ca-Al氧化物颗粒的高强度低合金（HSLA）钢冲击韧性的影响。结果表明：3 Mn/C比钢中以ti - ca - al - o -Mn /TiN为主的颗粒促进针状铁素体（AF）的形成；在0.13C-1.65Mn钢（Mn/C≈13）中，较高的碳含量促进了珠光体和碳化物的形成，但其显微组织仍以AF为主，并伴有一些多边形铁素体（PF）。当碳含量降低到0.07 wt% （Mn/C≈24）时，不再观察到碳化物。以高角度晶界和高密度位错为特征的AF微结构为主。0.06C-2.55Mn （Mn/C≈43）钢中存在粒状贝氏体（GB）和马氏体-奥氏体（M-A），由于超低C含量和高Mn含量的共同作用，AF形核受到限制。含Mn/C比分别为13、24和43的Ti-Ca-Al氧化物的HSLA钢在0℃时的冲击韧性分别为~ 111 J、~ 213 J和~ 35 J。在−20°C时，Mn/C比为24的钢仍然具有较高的冲击韧性（~ 160 J），分别是Mn/C比为13和43的钢的5.7和11.4倍。本研究为进一步细化热轧HSLA钢的组织和提高其韧性提供了有效的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Revolutionizing multi-scale phase identification in superalloys via advanced CNN-transformer integration 通过先进的cnn -变压器集成技术革新高温合金的多尺度相识别

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116046

Liming Tan , Zi Wang , Yongan Gui , Jiahao Tu , Lan Huang , Weifu Li , Yong Liu , Feng Liu

Image recognition technology has demonstrated significant potential and application value in materials science. However, current image recognition technologies still face bottlenecks like poor adaptability to complex images and sensitivity to noise when dealing with intricate imagery. To address these challenges, we developed a novel approach that integrates Convolutional Neural Networks with Transformer encoders. This method not only handles multi-class tissue segmentation tasks but also performs phase recognition at various scales, showcasing its broad applicability and powerful functionality. This research advances the development of microstructure image segmentation technology and provides a potent tool for microstructure analysis in materials science.

图像识别技术在材料科学领域显示出巨大的潜力和应用价值。然而，目前的图像识别技术在处理复杂图像时仍然面临着对复杂图像适应性差、对噪声敏感等瓶颈。为了应对这些挑战，我们开发了一种将卷积神经网络与Transformer编码器集成在一起的新方法。该方法不仅可以处理多类别的组织分割任务，还可以进行不同尺度的相识别，具有广泛的适用性和强大的功能。该研究促进了微观结构图像分割技术的发展，为材料科学中的微观结构分析提供了有力的工具。

引用次数: 0

Synergistic enhancement of strength and corrosion resistance in a high-strength 7xxx Al alloy via pre-strain-mediated precipitation control 通过预应变介导析出控制协同提高高强度7xxx铝合金的强度和耐蚀性

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116069

Yue Li , Shuai Long , Quan Gan , Rui-bo Du , Peng Peng , Cheng Zhang , Xin Wan , Shu-yan Wang , Juan Yu , Jie Zhou

In high-strength 7xxx Al alloys, post-solution pre-strain is widely used to reduce quenching-induced residual stresses, yet its combined effects on mechanical and corrosion properties remain unclear. Here, a solution-treated 7085 alloy was subjected to equivalent pre-strains (ε) of 0, 0.032, 0.067, and 0.104, followed by aging treatment. Microstructural characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and property testing were performed. The unstrained condition showed continuous grain-boundary precipitates (GBPs) and sparse intragranular η' particles, leading to moderate strength and poor corrosion resistance, with a corrosion current density (I_corr) of 2.63 × 10⁻⁶ A·cm⁻². At a moderate pre-strain of ε = 0.032, the yield strength (YS) increased from 468 MPa to 516 MPa, while the elongation (EL) decreased from 16.8% to 14.6%. Meanwhile, the I_corr was reduced to 9.66 × 10⁻⁷ A·cm⁻². This improvement is associated with an increased dislocation density, which promotes fine and uniform η' precipitation, discontinuous Cu-enriched GBPs, and an optimized precipitation-free zone (PFZ) width. At higher pre-strain, GBPs became coarse, the PFZ widened, and η' → η transformation was accelerated, accompanied by the presence of minor Al₃Zr dispersoids. Consequently, the YS decreased to 469 MPa (EL 15.47%), and the I_corr increased to 6.42 × 10⁻⁶ A·cm⁻². Strength analysis indicates that although dislocation strengthening increases with pre-strain, precipitation hardening is significantly weakened, resulting in a net strength decline. Overall, an optimal pre-strain enables dislocation-assisted precipitation control and achieves a favorable balance between mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.

在高强度7xxx铝合金中，固溶后预应变被广泛用于降低淬火残余应力，但其对力学和腐蚀性能的综合影响尚不清楚。对固溶处理的7085合金进行等效预应变（ε）分别为0、0.032、0.067和0.104，然后进行时效处理。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、x射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）对材料进行了微观结构表征和性能测试。非应变条件下，合金晶界析出相（GBPs）连续，晶内η′颗粒稀疏，强度中等，耐蚀性较差，腐蚀电流密度（Icorr）为2.63 × 10−6 a·cm−2。在ε = 0.032的中等预应变条件下，合金的屈服强度由468 MPa提高到516 MPa，伸长率由16.8%下降到14.6%。同时，Icorr降至9.66 × 10−7 A·cm−2。这种改善与位错密度的增加有关，这促进了细微而均匀的η′析出，不连续的富cu GBPs，以及优化的无析出区（PFZ）宽度。在较高的预应变下，GBPs变粗，PFZ变宽，η′→η转变加速，并伴有少量Al₃Zr弥散体的存在。YS降低到469 MPa (EL 15.47%)， Icorr增加到6.42 × 10−6 A·cm−2。强度分析表明，虽然位错强化随着预应变的增加而增强，但沉淀硬化明显减弱，导致净强度下降。总的来说，最佳的预应变可以实现位错辅助沉淀控制，并在机械性能和耐腐蚀性之间取得良好的平衡。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of friction stir welding-induced heterogeneity on the localized corrosion behavior of 2195/2219 dissimilar Al alloy joints 搅拌摩擦焊诱导非均匀性对2195/2219异种铝合金接头局部腐蚀行为的影响

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116068

Qifeng Cai , Zhilong Chang , Yan Liu , Peng Ren , Zhihao Zhang , Zijie Zhang , Weicheng Zhang , Geng Cao , Hua Zhang

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an effective technique for joining dissimilar aluminum alloys, while the microstructural heterogeneity introduced by FSW has a significant impact on the corrosion performance of the joints. In this study, systematic microstructural characterization and corrosion experiments were conducted to investigate the microstructural features and localized corrosion behavior of seven representative regions within the weld zone (WZ) and base metal (BM) of dissimilar 2195/2219 aluminum alloy joints. The results indicate that in the 2195 weld zone (5-WZ), coarsened Cu₃Al₂ and Al₂Cu phases are continuously distributed along grain boundaries, accompanied by a higher fraction of high-angle grain boundaries and dislocation density compared with the 2219 weld zone (9-WZ). Moreover, the 5-WZ exhibits a significantly higher Mg content but a relatively lower Cu content than the 9-WZ. During the intergranular corrosion stage, such microstructural heterogeneity reduces the overall resistance of the WZ to grain boundary corrosion, leading to the most severe attack at the bottom of the WZ. The synergistic effect of grain boundary corrosion and intergranular corrosion further accelerates material dissolution, resulting in obvious corrosion pits in the 5-WZ, whereas the 9-WZ remains almost unaffected. Electrochemical tests revealed that the corrosion resistance of the investigated regions decreases in the following order: 9-WZ > 5-WZ > shoulder interface zone (SIZ) > vortex zone (VZ) > bottom interface zone (BIZ) > 9-BM > 5-BM. This study elucidates the corrosion mechanism of dissimilar FSW joints from the perspective of microstructural heterogeneity.

搅拌摩擦焊是连接异种铝合金的一种有效方法，而搅拌摩擦焊引入的组织非均匀性对接头的腐蚀性能有重要影响。本研究通过系统的显微组织表征和腐蚀实验，研究了不同2195/2219铝合金接头焊缝区（WZ）和母材（BM） 7个代表性区域的显微组织特征和局部腐蚀行为。结果表明：与2219焊缝区（9-WZ）相比，2195焊缝区（5-WZ）粗化的Cu₃Al₂相和Al₂Cu相沿晶界连续分布，高角晶界的比例和位错密度更高；此外，5-WZ的Mg含量显著高于9-WZ，而Cu含量相对较低。在晶间腐蚀阶段，这种微观组织的非均质性降低了WZ对晶界腐蚀的整体抵抗能力，导致WZ底部的腐蚀最为严重。晶界腐蚀和晶间腐蚀的协同作用进一步加速了材料的溶解，导致5-WZ出现明显的腐蚀坑，而9-WZ几乎不受影响。电化学试验结果表明，各区域的耐蚀性依次为：9-WZ >； 5-WZ >；肩界面区（SIZ） >；涡流区（VZ） >；底界面区（BIZ） > 9-BM > 5-BM。本研究从微观组织非均质性的角度阐述了异种摩擦焊接头的腐蚀机理。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancement mechanism of shear strength in sapphire/TC4 alloy joints via femtosecond laser welding with interfacial pressure 界面压力飞秒激光焊接蓝宝石/TC4合金接头抗剪强度增强机理

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116063

Quanqi Zuo , Jian Qin , Weimin Long , Yuanxun Shen , Yue Zhao , Yongtao Jiu

The laser direct welding connection between sapphire and TC4 alloy was an important challenge in the fields of aerospace, electronic packaging. Through systematic research on the influence of interfacial pressure from 0 MPa to1.75 MPa on welding quality, it was found that pressure parameters significantly affect joint performance by regulating the triple mechanism of interface contact, element diffusion, and fracture mechanism. Under the action of the optimized interface pressure of 0.75 MPa, even in the practical working conditions where the welded parts are in non-optical contact and the metal surface roughness is as high as Rz 445 nm, the elimination of interface gaps, the promotion of Ti Al interdiffusion to form AlTi₃ intermetallic compounds, and the effective balance between interface bonding and base metal integrity were achieved. The shear strength of the joint reached 32.0 MPa, and fracture analysis showed brittle mixed fracture characteristics under this condition. The research provided a novel solution for direct fusion welding of sapphire-metal heterostructures.

蓝宝石与TC4合金之间的激光直焊连接是航空航天、电子封装等领域的重要挑战。通过系统研究0 ~ 1.75 MPa界面压力对焊接质量的影响，发现压力参数通过调节界面接触、元素扩散和断裂三重机制，显著影响接头性能。在0.75 MPa的优化界面压力作用下，即使在焊接件处于非光学接触、金属表面粗糙度高达Rz 445 nm的实际工作条件下，也能消除界面间隙，促进Ti - Al相互扩散形成AlTi3金属间化合物，实现界面结合与母材完整性之间的有效平衡。节理抗剪强度达到32.0 MPa，在此条件下断裂分析呈现脆性混合断裂特征。该研究为蓝宝石异质结构的直接熔焊提供了一种新的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

On the precipitation kinetics of a wrought 6061 alloy during continuous heating 形变6061合金在连续加热过程中的析出动力学

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116041

Seyed Moien Faregh , Daniel Larouche , X. Grant Chen , François Nadeau

The precipitation sequence during continuous heating in a Mg-rich AlMgSi alloy containing minor additions of Cu is investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves were acquired for wrought Al1.01 Mg0.61Si0.25Cu (wt%) specimens and the resulting peaks were studied using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), atom probe tomography (APT) and hardness measurements to clarify the sequence of metastable phase precipitation. APT results indicated that the first exothermic reaction is dominated by the formation of Mg-Si co-clusters enriched in Mg. High-resolution TEM revealed that the initial Mg-Si precipitates are Guinier-Preston (GP) zones, with the peak of the first exotherm corresponding to an increase in their number density. STEM lattice imaging confirmed that these GP zones exhibit a single β′′-eye structure. Analysis of the second exotherm showed that its onset belongs predominantly to precipitation of L phases while its peak is related to formation of

β_{Cu}^{'}

precipitates. Measurements showed that the continuous heating of the alloy from an as-quenched state to the peak of the first exotherm leads to a hardness increase from 61 HV to 98 HV, making the GP zones responsible for the hardening of the alloy under these tempering conditions.

研究了含少量Cu的富mg AlMgSi合金在连续加热过程中的析出顺序。对Al1.01 Mg0.61Si0.25Cu （wt%）试样进行了差示扫描量热分析（DSC），并利用扫描透射电子显微镜（STEM）、原子探针断层扫描（APT）和硬度测量对所得峰进行了研究，以明确亚稳相析出的顺序。APT结果表明，第一次放热反应主要是形成富Mg的Mg- si共团簇。高分辨率透射电镜显示，Mg-Si的初始析出相为Guinier-Preston （GP）带，第一次放热峰的峰值对应着Mg-Si析出相数量密度的增加。STEM晶格成像证实这些GP区表现出单一的β " -眼结构。第二次放热分析表明，放热初期主要是L相的析出，放热峰与βCu′相的形成有关。测量表明，合金从淬火状态持续加热到第一次放热的峰值，导致硬度从61 HV增加到98 HV，使GP区负责合金在这些回火条件下的硬化。

{"title":"On the precipitation kinetics of a wrought 6061 alloy during continuous heating","authors":"Seyed Moien Faregh , Daniel Larouche , X. Grant Chen , François Nadeau","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The precipitation sequence during continuous heating in a Mg-rich AlMgSi alloy containing minor additions of Cu is investigated. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves were acquired for wrought Al1.01 Mg0.61Si0.25Cu (wt%) specimens and the resulting peaks were studied using scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), atom probe tomography (APT) and hardness measurements to clarify the sequence of metastable phase precipitation. APT results indicated that the first exothermic reaction is dominated by the formation of Mg-Si co-clusters enriched in Mg. High-resolution TEM revealed that the initial Mg-Si precipitates are Guinier-Preston (GP) zones, with the peak of the first exotherm corresponding to an increase in their number density. STEM lattice imaging confirmed that these GP zones exhibit a single <em>β</em>′′-eye structure. Analysis of the second exotherm showed that its onset belongs predominantly to precipitation of L phases while its peak is related to formation of <span><math><msubsup><mi>β</mi><mi>Cu</mi><mo>′</mo></msubsup></math></span> precipitates. Measurements showed that the continuous heating of the alloy from an as-quenched state to the peak of the first exotherm leads to a hardness increase from 61 HV to 98 HV, making the GP zones responsible for the hardening of the alloy under these tempering conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 116041"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146036777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ligand-directed facet stabilization in chiral CsPbBr3 nanowires 手性CsPbBr3纳米线的配体定向小面稳定

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116028

Chang-Yeon Kim , Jin-Gyu Kim , Min-Gi Jeon , Artavazd Kirakosyan , Subin Yun , Sang-Gil Lee , Heejin Kim , Ji-Hyun Lee , Kyubin Shim , Li Li , Hae Jin Kim , Jihoon Choi

Metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanowires (NWs) have recently attracted considerable attention owing to their tunable optical properties and promising potential for integration into advanced optoelectronic devices. However, a comprehensive understanding of how ligand chemistry governs facet formation, grain boundary evolution, and structural chirality in MHP NWs is still lacking. Here, we systematically investigate the role of ligand architecture on the crystallographic and morphological evolution of CsPbBr₃ NWs, employing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, tomography, and automated crystal orientation mapping. Our results reveal that the preferential stabilization of low-index facets ({100}, {010}, {001}) lowers surface energies and promotes structural stability, while the formation of Σ3 coincidence site lattice grain boundaries minimizes grain boundary energy and enables preferred longitudinal orientations along the 〈201〉 and 〈021〉 directions. Chiral aromatic amines (S−/R-1-(1-naphthyl) ethylamine) selectively stabilized low-energy facets, leading to the formation of cube-connected NWs. In contrast, oleylamine stabilized both low- and high-index facets, including {101}, inducing helical morphologies and the associated chirality. The CD signal of the CsPbBr₃ NWs depending on their chirality confirms strong electronic coupling between the chiral ligands and the CsPbBr₃ NWs. These findings establish a mechanistic framework for ligand-directed facet engineering and chirality control in perovskite NWs, providing a strategic pathway for designing polarization-sensitive and high-performance optoelectronic materials.

金属卤化物钙钛矿（MHP）纳米线（NWs）由于其可调谐的光学特性和集成到先进光电器件中的潜力，近年来引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，对配体化学如何控制MHP NWs的小面形成、晶界演化和结构手性的全面理解仍然缺乏。在这里，我们系统地研究了配体结构在CsPbBr3 NWs晶体学和形态演化中的作用，采用高分辨率透射电子显微镜，断层扫描和自动晶体取向测绘。研究结果表明，低指数面（{100},{010},{001}）的优先稳定化降低了表面能，促进了结构的稳定性，而Σ3重合点晶格晶界的形成使晶界能最小化，并使晶界沿< 201 >和< 021 >方向的纵向取向成为首选。手性芳香胺（S−/R-1-（1-萘基）乙胺）选择性地稳定了低能面，导致立方连接NWs的形成。相比之下，油胺稳定了低指数和高指数的面，包括{101}，诱导螺旋形态和相关的手性。CsPbBr3 NWs的CD信号依赖于它们的手性，证实了手性配体与CsPbBr3 NWs之间存在很强的电子耦合。这些发现为钙钛矿NWs的配体定向面工程和手性控制建立了机制框架，为设计极化敏感和高性能光电材料提供了战略途径。

{"title":"Ligand-directed facet stabilization in chiral CsPbBr3 nanowires","authors":"Chang-Yeon Kim , Jin-Gyu Kim , Min-Gi Jeon , Artavazd Kirakosyan , Subin Yun , Sang-Gil Lee , Heejin Kim , Ji-Hyun Lee , Kyubin Shim , Li Li , Hae Jin Kim , Jihoon Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metal halide perovskite (MHP) nanowires (NWs) have recently attracted considerable attention owing to their tunable optical properties and promising potential for integration into advanced optoelectronic devices. However, a comprehensive understanding of how ligand chemistry governs facet formation, grain boundary evolution, and structural chirality in MHP NWs is still lacking. Here, we systematically investigate the role of ligand architecture on the crystallographic and morphological evolution of CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NWs, employing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, tomography, and automated crystal orientation mapping. Our results reveal that the preferential stabilization of low-index facets ({100}, {010}, {001}) lowers surface energies and promotes structural stability, while the formation of Σ3 coincidence site lattice grain boundaries minimizes grain boundary energy and enables preferred longitudinal orientations along the 〈201〉 and 〈021〉 directions. Chiral aromatic amines (S−/R-1-(1-naphthyl) ethylamine) selectively stabilized low-energy facets, leading to the formation of cube-connected NWs. In contrast, oleylamine stabilized both low- and high-index facets, including {101}, inducing helical morphologies and the associated chirality. The CD signal of the CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NWs depending on their chirality confirms strong electronic coupling between the chiral ligands and the CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> NWs. These findings establish a mechanistic framework for ligand-directed facet engineering and chirality control in perovskite NWs, providing a strategic pathway for designing polarization-sensitive and high-performance optoelectronic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":18727,"journal":{"name":"Materials Characterization","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 116028"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trade-off between strength, ductility and toughness of laser directed energy deposition repaired 34CrNiMo6 steel with different heat treatment schedules 激光定向能沉积修复34CrNiMo6钢在不同热处理工艺条件下强度、塑性和韧性的权衡

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116045

You Zhou , Zhiyan Zhang , Xuewei Fang , Zhenhuan Gao , Hongkai Zhang , Yanyao Xu , Liping Nie , Yufan Liu , Jiarong Guo , Ke Huang

In this work, the wrought 34CrNiMo6 steel has been repaired by the laser directed energy deposition and then heat treated by two different schemes: the quenching & tempering (QT) and the tempering (T). The cross-regional microstructure evolution has been examined by various characterization methods. The tensile and shear tests were conducted to evaluate the quality of the repaired samples. The results indicated that the inferior ductility and interfacial toughness of the as-repaired steel were due to the bainite and martensite within the deposition region and heat affected zone (HAZ). After the QT treatment, all heterogeneous microstructure has transformed to the tempered sorbite, which improves the ductility and interfacial toughness at the cost of slightly sacrificed strength. Furthermore, the T treatment can also soften the hard & brittle structures, thereby avoiding the premature failure. However, due to the lack of austenitization, the heterogeneous microstructure has also slightly deteriorated the ductility and toughness as compared to those of the QT treated repaired steels. This work provides new insights into tailoring the microstructure and mechanical properties of the repaired structural steels.

采用激光定向能沉积法对变形后的34CrNiMo6钢进行修复，然后采用淬火回火（QT）和回火(T)两种不同的热处理方案进行热处理。通过各种表征方法研究了跨区域的微观结构演变。通过拉伸和剪切试验对修复后的试样进行了质量评价。结果表明，修复钢的塑性和界面韧性较差是由于沉积区和热影响区内的贝氏体和马氏体所致。QT处理后，所有非均相组织都转变为回火索氏体，以轻微牺牲强度为代价提高了塑性和界面韧性。此外，T处理还可以软化硬脆结构，从而避免过早破坏。然而，由于缺乏奥氏体化，与QT处理的修复钢相比，非均匀组织也略微恶化了塑性和韧性。这项工作为调整修复后的结构钢的微观结构和力学性能提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic effect of Cu-rich precipitate and reversed austenite on mechanical property and corrosion resistance of Fe-13Cr-5Ni-3Cu super martensitic stainless steel 富cu析出物和反转奥氏体对Fe-13Cr-5Ni-3Cu超级马氏体不锈钢力学性能和耐蚀性的协同作用

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116034

Ye Yuan , Yinsong Xie , Konghui Ma , Hong Liang , Zicheng Li , Yu Liu , Taisen Zuo , Zhaohui Dong , Hongying Yu , Dongbai Sun , Xin Xu

The microstructural evolution, mechanical response and corrosion behavior of a model super martensitic stainless steel (SMSS) Fe-13Cr-5Ni-3Cu tempered at 600 °C were systematically studied. A multiscale characterization approach combining synchrotron X-ray diffraction, small-angle neutron scattering, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy reveals the coupled evolution of Cu-rich precipitates (CRPs) and reversed austenite (RvA). CRPs exhibit sequential anisotropic growth, initially elongating along the long axis and subsequently coarsening along the short axis. Their number density and volume fraction peak at 1 h before declining with tempering time due to coarsening and coalescence. The interplay between CRPs and RvA governs the time-dependent mechanical and electrochemical properties of the alloy. Short-term tempering produces fine CRPs that maximize precipitation strengthening and strain hardening, yielding superior strength–ductility synergy, tensile strength of 868 MPa with 16% elongation for 1 h tempering, without sacrificing corrosion resistance. In contrast, prolonged tempering leads to CRP coarsening and RvA-induced softening, reduced strength and impaired pitting resistance. These results establish a clear process–microstructure–property relationship for Cu-bearing SMSSs, assisting the development of the next-generation SMSSs with optimized strength and corrosion resistance.

研究了Fe-13Cr-5Ni-3Cu模型超马氏体不锈钢（SMSS）在600℃回火后的组织演变、力学响应和腐蚀行为。结合同步x射线衍射、小角中子散射、电子背散射衍射和透射电镜的多尺度表征方法揭示了富cu析出相（CRPs）和反向奥氏体（RvA）的耦合演化。CRPs表现出顺序的各向异性生长，最初沿长轴拉长，随后沿短轴变粗。它们的数量、密度和体积分数在回火1 h达到峰值，然后随着回火时间的延长，由于粗化和聚并而下降。CRPs和RvA之间的相互作用决定了合金的力学和电化学性能随时间的变化。短期回火产生精细的CRPs，最大限度地提高沉淀强化和应变硬化，产生卓越的强度-塑性协同作用，回火1小时拉伸强度为868 MPa，伸长率为16%，而不牺牲耐腐蚀性。相反，长时间回火导致CRP变粗和rva诱导的软化，强度降低和抗点蚀能力受损。这些结果为含cu smss建立了清晰的工艺-显微组织-性能关系，有助于开发具有优化强度和耐腐蚀性的下一代smss。

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引用次数: 0

High-hardness AlNbTiZrN films prepared by magnetron sputtering: Microstructural characterization, and tribological behavior 磁控溅射制备高硬度AlNbTiZrN薄膜：微观结构表征和摩擦学性能

IF 5.5 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, CHARACTERIZATION & TESTING

Materials Characterization

Pub Date : 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.matchar.2026.116052

Bingxu Wang , Peng Li , Zhipeng Yuan , Yinghui Dong , Wenjun Yang , Zhaobing Cai , Le Gu

Under demanding operating conditions, mechanical equipment (such as rolling bearings) frequently experiences premature surface failure, leading to significantly reduced service life and economic losses. The performance of conventional physical vapor deposition films (such as TiN) has reached its limits, making it difficult to meet higher protective requirements. This work employed response surface methodology to optimize the cathode power, substrate temperature, and bias voltage during the magnetron sputtering process, ultimately successfully fabricating high-hardness AlNbTiZrN films (S1). The final optimized deposition parameters were established as follows: power 1600 W, temperature 400 °C, and bias voltage 200 V. Structural analysis revealed that the S1 film has a face-centered cubic structure, preferentially oriented along the (200) crystal plane. XPS analysis indicated that nitrogen atoms formed a solid solution with metal atoms. Compared with the control group (S2, parameters: power 1200 W, temperature 300 °C, bias 150 V), the S1 film showed a reduction in grain size and a dense, spherical particle surface morphology. Furthermore, the S1 film outperformed the S2 film in terms of H/E, H³/E², and elastic recovery capability. Furthermore, the tribological properties of high-hardness AlNbTiZrN films were evaluated under various tribological test conditions, and their tribological behavior was analyzed. In the context of tribological testing (loads: 1–3 N; frequencies: 1–3 Hz) conditions, it was observed that the high-hardness AlNbTiZrN films exhibited reduced friction coefficients and augmented wear resistance. The analysis of tribological behavior indicated that the main wear mechanisms for high-hardness AlNbTiZrN films are three-body wear and oxidation wear, with no cracking or delamination during friction, demonstrating excellent suitability for high-frequency/ high-load conditions.

在苛刻的操作条件下，机械设备（如滚动轴承）经常经历过早的表面失效，导致使用寿命显着降低和经济损失。传统的物理气相沉积膜（如TiN）的性能已经达到极限，难以满足更高的防护要求。本工作采用响应面法优化磁控溅射过程中阴极功率、衬底温度和偏置电压，最终成功制备了高硬度AlNbTiZrN薄膜（S1）。最终确定的优化沉积参数为：功率1600 W，温度400℃，偏置电压200 V。结构分析表明，S1薄膜具有面心立方结构，优先沿（200）晶面取向。XPS分析表明，氮原子与金属原子形成固溶体。与对照组（S2，参数：功率1200 W，温度300℃，偏压150 V）相比，S1薄膜的晶粒尺寸减小，表面形貌致密，呈球形。此外，S1薄膜在H/E、H3/E2和弹性恢复能力方面优于S2薄膜。在不同的摩擦学测试条件下，对高硬度AlNbTiZrN薄膜的摩擦学性能进行了评价，并对其摩擦学行为进行了分析。在摩擦学测试（载荷：1-3 N，频率：1-3 Hz）条件下，观察到高硬度AlNbTiZrN薄膜的摩擦系数降低，耐磨性增强。摩擦学行为分析表明，高硬度AlNbTiZrN薄膜的主要磨损机制为三体磨损和氧化磨损，在摩擦过程中无开裂和脱层现象，具有良好的高频/高负荷适应性。

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引用次数: 0