Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000328
Vinita Zhodape, D. Khokhar, A. Guhey, P. Katiyar
Field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the response of rice genotypes on Growth and morpho-physiological parameters under three nitrogen levels 120 kg N ha-1, 80 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg N ha-1 as main treatments and twenty rice genotypes as sub treatments, which was carried out at experimental site of Department of Plant Physiology, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) with Split plot design along with two replications. In the present investigation among the nitrogen treatments, application of 120 kg N ha-1 recorded significantly higher values for growth and morpho-physiological parameters such as plant height, number of tillers/plant, number of effective tillers/ plant, number of panicle/m2, panicle length, flag leaf area, specific leaf area and specific leaf weight. Among the genotypes, DXD (124)-17-193 followed by DXD (124)-17-192 and DXD (124)-3-28 recorded the maximum grain yield even under all the treatments, which also gives better result on the other growth and morpho-physiological parameters. This indicated that maximum yield can be attributed to maximum number of panicles, more photosynthetic rate, more tillers and effective tillers, more flag leaf area, maximum specific leaf weight and minimum specific leaf area.
本试验于2016-17年和2017-18年在赖布尔省IGKV植物生理研究所试验点采用2个重复的分割小区设计，研究了不同水稻基因型在120 kg N ha-1、80 kg N ha-1和40 kg N ha-1 3个氮肥水平下对水稻生长和形态生理参数的响应。在本研究中，施用120 kg N hm -1显著提高了植株的生长和形态生理参数，如株高、分蘖数、有效分蘖数、穗数/m2、穗长、旗叶面积、比叶面积和比叶重。各基因型中，DXD(124)-17-193、DXD(124)-17-192和DXD(124)-3-28在各处理下均取得最大产量，在其他生长和形态生理参数上也有较好的表现。这表明，最高产量可归因于最大穗数、更高的光合速率、更多的分蘖和有效分蘖、更大的旗叶面积、最大比叶重和最小比叶面积。
{"title":"Effect of Different Nitrogen Levels on Biochemical Parameters of Rice Genotypes (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Vinita Zhodape, D. Khokhar, A. Guhey, P. Katiyar","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000328","url":null,"abstract":"Field experiment was conducted during 2016-17 and 2017-18 to study the response of rice genotypes on Growth and morpho-physiological parameters under three nitrogen levels 120 kg N ha-1, 80 kg N ha-1 and 40 kg N ha-1 as main treatments and twenty rice genotypes as sub treatments, which was carried out at experimental site of Department of Plant Physiology, IGKV, Raipur (C.G.) with Split plot design along with two replications. In the present investigation among the nitrogen treatments, application of 120 kg N ha-1 recorded significantly higher values for growth and morpho-physiological parameters such as plant height, number of tillers/plant, number of effective tillers/ plant, number of panicle/m2, panicle length, flag leaf area, specific leaf area and specific leaf weight. Among the genotypes, DXD (124)-17-193 followed by DXD (124)-17-192 and DXD (124)-3-28 recorded the maximum grain yield even under all the treatments, which also gives better result on the other growth and morpho-physiological parameters. This indicated that maximum yield can be attributed to maximum number of panicles, more photosynthetic rate, more tillers and effective tillers, more flag leaf area, maximum specific leaf weight and minimum specific leaf area.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"87 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84229482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000342
S. Gv, D. Daniel, Soumya Kv, Menon Krk
{"title":"An Alternate Solvent for the Determination of Capsaicin Content in Chillies by HPLC Method","authors":"S. Gv, D. Daniel, Soumya Kv, Menon Krk","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000342","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88949033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000322
Sahar Aminkara, A. Shojaeiyan, Sajad Rashidi Monfaredb, M. Ayyari
An Ionic Liquid Based Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (ILUAE) was developed for profitable extraction of diosgenin from fenugreek leaves. Imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) differing in their anions was used as catalytic agent for extraction procedure in order to optimize the diosgenin extraction. Five ionic liquids, concentration of ILs, reaction time and solid to liquid ratio were optimized on one at the time procedure. The particle size was considered the same for all experiments [BMIM]HSO4 was selected as the best IL and in the final optimized condition, the extraction efficiency increased from 0.77 to 10.24 (mg g-1dw) diosgenin. The method was also used to evaluate the concentration of diosgenin in different 13 accessions of Iranian fenugreek cultivated in the same place. The highest concentration of diosgenin with 20.2 and 20.1 (mg g-1dw) were found in the Khash and Qaen accessions, respectively. Accession of Mashhad showed the lowest concentration with 6.8 (mg g-1dw) diosgenin. After the reaction, the ILs from the media was also recovered using SPE column with more than 75% of yield. The result of this study showed that the optimized condition could extract the diosgenin almost five times more than the conventional method which could introduce fenugreek especially the best accession, as a new potential crop and source of diosgenin in the pharmaceutical industry
{"title":"Special Effect of Ionic Liquids on Extraction of Diosgenin from Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) by Ultrasonic Assistance","authors":"Sahar Aminkara, A. Shojaeiyan, Sajad Rashidi Monfaredb, M. Ayyari","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000322","url":null,"abstract":"An Ionic Liquid Based Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction (ILUAE) was developed for profitable extraction of diosgenin from fenugreek leaves. Imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) differing in their anions was used as catalytic agent for extraction procedure in order to optimize the diosgenin extraction. Five ionic liquids, concentration of ILs, reaction time and solid to liquid ratio were optimized on one at the time procedure. The particle size was considered the same for all experiments [BMIM]HSO4 was selected as the best IL and in the final optimized condition, the extraction efficiency increased from 0.77 to 10.24 (mg g-1dw) diosgenin. The method was also used to evaluate the concentration of diosgenin in different 13 accessions of Iranian fenugreek cultivated in the same place. The highest concentration of diosgenin with 20.2 and 20.1 (mg g-1dw) were found in the Khash and Qaen accessions, respectively. Accession of Mashhad showed the lowest concentration with 6.8 (mg g-1dw) diosgenin. After the reaction, the ILs from the media was also recovered using SPE column with more than 75% of yield. The result of this study showed that the optimized condition could extract the diosgenin almost five times more than the conventional method which could introduce fenugreek especially the best accession, as a new potential crop and source of diosgenin in the pharmaceutical industry","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"91 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79978389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000314
O. Maitera, H. Louis, J. Barminas, O. Akakuru, G. Boro
The article describes the synthesis and characterization of Ni-flavonoid complex, Cu-flavonoid complex and Znflavonoid complex. The complexes and the flavonoid extracts were characterized using FTIR and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results for FTIR spectra clearly showed the formation of complexes as the bands assigning to the carbonyl group C=O shifted to the lower wave number when compared with that of the free ligands. The complexes and the flavonoids extracts when analyzed using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, most of the spectra of the complexes were absorbed at the range of 200 nm to 400 nm and all the spectra of the flavonoids extracts were also absorbed between 200 nm to 400 nm. These results revealed that complexes were formed at slightly acidic condition between the pH values 3.51 to 4.65. In general the results revealed that the conductivity values of Niflavonoid complexes A‹Â‚Cu-flavonoid complexes A‹Â‚Zn-flavonoid complexes. The lowest conductivity of all the complexes was obtained from Zn-flavonoid complexes as a result of its largest surface area, weak bonding and being far away from the nucleus. Therefore, Ni-flavonoid complexes had higher conductivity because of their small surface area and are closer to the nucleus and having stronger bonding than Cu-flavonoid complexes and Znflavonoid complexes. The highest melting point of all the complexes was obtained from Zn-flavonoid complex of Ocimum gratissimum while the lowest melting point was obtained from Ni-flavonoid complex of Moringa oleifera. Niflavonoid complex of Moringa olifera had shorter time to be melted than all the complexes and weak bonding exist in the complex but Zn-flavonoid complex of Ocimum gratissimum had strong bonding and take longer time to be melted
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Some Metal Complexes Using Herbal Flavonoids","authors":"O. Maitera, H. Louis, J. Barminas, O. Akakuru, G. Boro","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000314","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the synthesis and characterization of Ni-flavonoid complex, Cu-flavonoid complex and Znflavonoid complex. The complexes and the flavonoid extracts were characterized using FTIR and UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The results for FTIR spectra clearly showed the formation of complexes as the bands assigning to the carbonyl group C=O shifted to the lower wave number when compared with that of the free ligands. The complexes and the flavonoids extracts when analyzed using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, most of the spectra of the complexes were absorbed at the range of 200 nm to 400 nm and all the spectra of the flavonoids extracts were also absorbed between 200 nm to 400 nm. These results revealed that complexes were formed at slightly acidic condition between the pH values 3.51 to 4.65. In general the results revealed that the conductivity values of Niflavonoid complexes A‹Â‚Cu-flavonoid complexes A‹Â‚Zn-flavonoid complexes. The lowest conductivity of all the complexes was obtained from Zn-flavonoid complexes as a result of its largest surface area, weak bonding and being far away from the nucleus. Therefore, Ni-flavonoid complexes had higher conductivity because of their small surface area and are closer to the nucleus and having stronger bonding than Cu-flavonoid complexes and Znflavonoid complexes. The highest melting point of all the complexes was obtained from Zn-flavonoid complex of Ocimum gratissimum while the lowest melting point was obtained from Ni-flavonoid complex of Moringa oleifera. Niflavonoid complex of Moringa olifera had shorter time to be melted than all the complexes and weak bonding exist in the complex but Zn-flavonoid complex of Ocimum gratissimum had strong bonding and take longer time to be melted","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86329878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000324
P. Majumder
This investigation aimed to evaluate the wound healing and antioxidant potentials of the novel Poly-herbal Formulation (PHF) in diabetic rat’s models and in-vitro antioxidant assays respectively. The wound models viz., excision, incision and dead space by using wistar strain albino rats were adopted for this investigation. The free radical scavenging assays were employed for investigation of Antioxidant potential. The constraints studied for assessment of wound repair were percentage closing percentage of wound, tensile strength of repaired tissue, breaking strength of granulation tissue and valuation of hydroxyproline content on dried tissue. The histopathological sections of granulation tissues obtained in dead space wound model were studied for the distribution of collagen and other histopathological changes. Four groups were used in this study with six animals each. Group I and Group II acts as normal control and diabetic control whereas Group III and Group IV was used as glibenclamide treated (1 mg/kg b.w.), and PHF (500 mg/kg b.w.) treated group respectively. On the other hand the various antioxidant assays like DPPH, scavenging assays, hydrogen peroxide assay etc. were investigated. The PHF has been significantly healing the wounds in diabetic rats within 18 days, while diabetic control rats healed the wound about 86.12 %. Significant (p<0.01) increase in wound breaking strength as well as epithelialization and the level of hydroxyproline was observed in PHF treated animals comparison with diabetic control group. PHF has also shown significant antioxidant potential in in-vitro assays. All these investigations indicate the significant wound healing and antioxidant potential of PHF.
{"title":"A Novel PolyHerbal Formulation Hastens Diabetic Wound Healing with Potent Antioxidant Potential: A Comprehensive Pharmacological Investigation","authors":"P. Majumder","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000324","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation aimed to evaluate the wound healing and antioxidant potentials of the novel Poly-herbal Formulation (PHF) in diabetic rat’s models and in-vitro antioxidant assays respectively. The wound models viz., excision, incision and dead space by using wistar strain albino rats were adopted for this investigation. The free radical scavenging assays were employed for investigation of Antioxidant potential. The constraints studied for assessment of wound repair were percentage closing percentage of wound, tensile strength of repaired tissue, breaking strength of granulation tissue and valuation of hydroxyproline content on dried tissue. The histopathological sections of granulation tissues obtained in dead space wound model were studied for the distribution of collagen and other histopathological changes. Four groups were used in this study with six animals each. Group I and Group II acts as normal control and diabetic control whereas Group III and Group IV was used as glibenclamide treated (1 mg/kg b.w.), and PHF (500 mg/kg b.w.) treated group respectively. On the other hand the various antioxidant assays like DPPH, scavenging assays, hydrogen peroxide assay etc. were investigated. The PHF has been significantly healing the wounds in diabetic rats within 18 days, while diabetic control rats healed the wound about 86.12 %. Significant (p<0.01) increase in wound breaking strength as well as epithelialization and the level of hydroxyproline was observed in PHF treated animals comparison with diabetic control group. PHF has also shown significant antioxidant potential in in-vitro assays. All these investigations indicate the significant wound healing and antioxidant potential of PHF.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"24 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73441530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000344
G. Igile, Okoi Ul, I. Iwara, M. Eteng
The leaf of Ficus vogelii is commonly used as a green-leafy vegetable in Northern Cross River State of Nigeria. Its ethanol extract is used by adults for well-being, while its aqueous extract is used for weaning children and for treatment of pediatric anemia. In this study, the methanol and n-hexane fractions of the leaves were analyzed for volatile organic composition using GC-MS in order to determine the class of constituents that may be responsible for the amelioration of anemia and sustenance of well-being in adults. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane and methanol fractions revealed the presence of several organic constituents including twenty-one (21) volatile compounds in nhexane fraction and thirty-five (35) compounds in methanol fraction. The dominant compounds in the n-hexane fraction included, Hexadecanoic acid (3.14%), n-Nonadecanoic acid (17.81%), Phytol (38.45%), Oleic acid (21.20%) and E-2-Octadecadecen-1-ol (4.77%); while the dominant compounds in methanol fraction included, Glycerin (8.44%), Dimethyl sulphoxide (7.44%), 2(R), 3(S)-1,2,3,4-Butane tetrol (6.47%), 17α-OH-17 β-Cyano-Preg-4-en-3one (3.10%), Ethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (7.25%), Bicyclo [3.1.0] hexan-3-ol (10.11%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (15.42%) and Oleic Acid (21.40%). It was concluded that the presence of Palmitaldehyde diisopentyl acetate (2.52%) in the n-hexane fraction may contribute significantly to the pleasant flavor of the extract fraction and its nutritional acceptability. It was also concluded that the high content of oleic acid and phytol in the plant may be responsible for the cardiovascular benefits the plant confers on the populations consuming it, as both compounds are known to lower blood cholesterol lipids in adult humans.
{"title":"Volatile Organic Constituents of Two Fractions of Leaves of Ficus vogelii","authors":"G. Igile, Okoi Ul, I. Iwara, M. Eteng","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000344","url":null,"abstract":"The leaf of Ficus vogelii is commonly used as a green-leafy vegetable in Northern Cross River State of Nigeria. Its ethanol extract is used by adults for well-being, while its aqueous extract is used for weaning children and for treatment of pediatric anemia. In this study, the methanol and n-hexane fractions of the leaves were analyzed for volatile organic composition using GC-MS in order to determine the class of constituents that may be responsible for the amelioration of anemia and sustenance of well-being in adults. GC-MS analysis of n-hexane and methanol fractions revealed the presence of several organic constituents including twenty-one (21) volatile compounds in nhexane fraction and thirty-five (35) compounds in methanol fraction. The dominant compounds in the n-hexane fraction included, Hexadecanoic acid (3.14%), n-Nonadecanoic acid (17.81%), Phytol (38.45%), Oleic acid (21.20%) and E-2-Octadecadecen-1-ol (4.77%); while the dominant compounds in methanol fraction included, Glycerin (8.44%), Dimethyl sulphoxide (7.44%), 2(R), 3(S)-1,2,3,4-Butane tetrol (6.47%), 17α-OH-17 β-Cyano-Preg-4-en-3one (3.10%), Ethyl-β-d-glucopyranoside (7.25%), Bicyclo [3.1.0] hexan-3-ol (10.11%); n-Hexadecanoic acid (15.42%) and Oleic Acid (21.40%). It was concluded that the presence of Palmitaldehyde diisopentyl acetate (2.52%) in the n-hexane fraction may contribute significantly to the pleasant flavor of the extract fraction and its nutritional acceptability. It was also concluded that the high content of oleic acid and phytol in the plant may be responsible for the cardiovascular benefits the plant confers on the populations consuming it, as both compounds are known to lower blood cholesterol lipids in adult humans.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76302392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000343
Prasanna Kumara Tp, K. Sunil, B. Arunkumar
Naturally obtained berry fruits are useful for treatment of various skin disorders, inflammations, for scurvy etc., as they possess potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities. These properties were investigated according to the current pharmacopoeia guidelines in the current study. Physicochemical properties, phytochemical analysis, fluorescence study and HPTLC fingerprint were evaluated to establish reliable supporting data. Phytochemical screening indicated the existence of various phytochemicals like polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, total polysaccharides and the HPTLC fingerprint developed for the separation of phytochemicals was reported. HPTLC fingerprint has been developed for the natural berry fruit juice freeze dry powder, which can be used in any quality control setup as identification and chromatographical chemical fingerprinting technique which in turn can provide referential information for exact identification and accurate standardization of Natural berry fruit freeze dry powder.
{"title":"A Modern Approach for the Analytical Determination of Natural Berry Fruit Juice Freeze Dry Powders for Cosmeceutical Applications","authors":"Prasanna Kumara Tp, K. Sunil, B. Arunkumar","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000343","url":null,"abstract":"Naturally obtained berry fruits are useful for treatment of various skin disorders, inflammations, for scurvy etc., as they possess potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities. These properties were investigated according to the current pharmacopoeia guidelines in the current study. Physicochemical properties, phytochemical analysis, fluorescence study and HPTLC fingerprint were evaluated to establish reliable supporting data. Phytochemical screening indicated the existence of various phytochemicals like polyphenols, flavonoids, tannins, total polysaccharides and the HPTLC fingerprint developed for the separation of phytochemicals was reported. HPTLC fingerprint has been developed for the natural berry fruit juice freeze dry powder, which can be used in any quality control setup as identification and chromatographical chemical fingerprinting technique which in turn can provide referential information for exact identification and accurate standardization of Natural berry fruit freeze dry powder.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85746835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000334
T. Tesfaye, Yesudass Dominic Ravichadran
Starting from immemorial time; peoples traditionally used herbs and plants to treat different human and animals ailments. This initiated scientists to investigate on traditional medicinal plants and herbs for biological activities by checking through bioassay and then isolating the bioactive constituents from biologically active medicinal plants and herbs. The different parts of Carissa carandas have been used for various human ailments. It has been used by traditional healers in the treatment of scabies, intestinal worms, pruritus, biliousness, snake-bite/poisoning, astringent, anemia, stomachache, diarrhea, rheumatism, earache, anthelmintic, female libido, hyperdipsia, anorexia, intermittent, mouth ulcer and sore throat, syphilitic pain, burning sensation fever, biliary dysfunction and also used as appetizer, antimicrobial, anti-fungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-scorbutic. Its biological activities have been reported by different researchers as hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological, anticancer, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, antinociceptive, anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, cardiotonic, histamine releasing, DNA damage inhibition, constipation, anti-diarrheal, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic potential and diuretic. Its phytochemical constituents which impart medicinal value to the plant was reported as alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, unsaturated sterols, phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, proteins, cardiac glycosides, phytosterol, phlobatannins, leucoanthocyanin, chalcones, coumarin, anthracyanin, emodin, minerals acids, vitamins and anthraquinone glycosides. So far 14 compounds have been isolated from roots, 40 compounds from fruits and 19 compounds from leafs. These compounds include phenolic, alkaloids, sterols, terpenoids, simple acids, simple ester, sesquiterpenes, carboxylate, amino acids, glucose and galactose, sterols glycosides, phenolic lignin. Hence we reviewed the traditional uses, extraction methods, pharmacological uses and phytochemical constituents of Carissa carandas.
{"title":"Traditional Uses, Pharmacological Action and Phytochemical Analysis of Carissa carandas Linn.: A Review","authors":"T. Tesfaye, Yesudass Dominic Ravichadran","doi":"10.4172/2329-6836.1000334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4172/2329-6836.1000334","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from immemorial time; peoples traditionally used herbs and plants to treat different human and animals ailments. This initiated scientists to investigate on traditional medicinal plants and herbs for biological activities by checking through bioassay and then isolating the bioactive constituents from biologically active medicinal plants and herbs. The different parts of Carissa carandas have been used for various human ailments. It has been used by traditional healers in the treatment of scabies, intestinal worms, pruritus, biliousness, snake-bite/poisoning, astringent, anemia, stomachache, diarrhea, rheumatism, earache, anthelmintic, female libido, hyperdipsia, anorexia, intermittent, mouth ulcer and sore throat, syphilitic pain, burning sensation fever, biliary dysfunction and also used as appetizer, antimicrobial, anti-fungal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-scorbutic. Its biological activities have been reported by different researchers as hepatoprotective, neuropharmacological, anticancer, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antiulcer, anthelmintic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, cardiovascular, antinociceptive, anti-diabetic, anti-pyretic, cardiotonic, histamine releasing, DNA damage inhibition, constipation, anti-diarrheal, antihyperlipidemic, antibacterial, antiviral, cytotoxic potential and diuretic. Its phytochemical constituents which impart medicinal value to the plant was reported as alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, unsaturated sterols, phenolics, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, triterpenoids, tannins, proteins, cardiac glycosides, phytosterol, phlobatannins, leucoanthocyanin, chalcones, coumarin, anthracyanin, emodin, minerals acids, vitamins and anthraquinone glycosides. So far 14 compounds have been isolated from roots, 40 compounds from fruits and 19 compounds from leafs. These compounds include phenolic, alkaloids, sterols, terpenoids, simple acids, simple ester, sesquiterpenes, carboxylate, amino acids, glucose and galactose, sterols glycosides, phenolic lignin. Hence we reviewed the traditional uses, extraction methods, pharmacological uses and phytochemical constituents of Carissa carandas.","PeriodicalId":18897,"journal":{"name":"Natural products chemistry & research","volume":"8 3 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83323439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000e124
Pankaj Gupta
A number of approaches on drug discovery and development from traditional medicines have been practiced by scientists from world over for years together. The history of traditional medicines has helped in the development of several new molecules that have implications for new drug discovery and also act as precursors for providing new chemical entities.
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Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.4172/2329-6836.1000332
A. Redha, Awatef M Hasan, Q. Mandeel
Rind and aril of pomegranate (Punica granatum) were freeze-dried and extracted using solvents of varying polarity: petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol and water. Phytochemical investigations included qualitative detection of phytochemicals including phenols and tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins, quinones, saponins, steroids, triterpenoids, and alkaloids. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of each extract were determined quantitatively. Methanolic and aqueous pomegranate rind extracts showed highest amount of phenolic and flavonoid content. The presence of gallic acid in pomegranate rind and aril was determined by GCMS. Medicinal studies comprised of evaluating the antioxidant, antidiabetic and antibacterial potential of the prepared extracts. According to 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay for antioxidant potential, methanolic and aqueous extracts of pomegranate rind and methanolic extract of pomegranate rind showed antioxidant activity of above 80%. Aqueous extract of pomegranate aril showed highest inhibition of alpha-amylase which was taken as antidiabetic activity according to 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid assay (DNSA assay). Methanolic and aqueous extracts of pomegranate rind were most effective in inhibiting the growth of a number of bacteria according to the disc diffusion method.
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