Nauchnye doklady vysshei shkoly. Biologicheskie nauki最新文献

The physico-chemical properties of preparation MIGI-K from mussels are given. Some characteristics of melanoidin fractions of MIGI-K are presented, their similarity to standard melanoidin is revealed. The given data on biological activity of the preparation permit to consider MIGI-K as immunomodulator.

The data on discovery, biosynthesis and distribution of alcoxylipids in different kingdoms of the organic world, their physiologic role and biologic action are given. A conception of possible abiotic synthesis of alcoxylipids on the early stages of the Earth evolution and the ways of their biotransformation is considered. The first biologic membranes are suggested to contain primarily alcoxylipids. During the appearing of photosynthetic mechanism and its improving the alcoxylipids of biomembranes oxidized in plasmalogens and then into diacyl lipids. The possibilities to use alcoxylipids as chemical makers of biomembranes for chemotaxonomy are under discussion.

A hypothesis according to which the prolonged sperm storage in female sex tracts optimizes the fertilization process, permitting to synchronize an encounter of completely formed fertile spermatozoa and ovule under the most favourable for syngamy conditions is proposed. Spermatozoa in the state of "conservation" are the main source of male gametes under internal fertilization. Synchronization in encounter of gametes is achieved by the action on sperm-storage structures of follicular fluids, which brings about evacuation of a portion of sperm-storage structures to be in time with ovulation: yield, reactivation and advancement of sperm to the site of fertilization. The activating agents of follicular fluids act inside the oviduct. The limited number of spermatozoa is sufficient for successful fertilization. Ovule participates actively in the fertilization process.

A single intraperitoneal arginine injection increases the amidopyrin demethylation on 230% and aniline hydroxylation on 74% in rat liver microsomes. For all this the rate of lipid peroxidation estimated by the number of dienic conjugates and Schiff bases does not change. At the same time the exogenous arginine decreases the lipid bilayer microviscosity on 35% and increases the degree of protein submersion into lipid matrix on 54%. The experiments in vitro confirm the fact of activation in cytochrome P-450 isoform by arginine. A possible arginine effect on microsome membrane is under discussion.

The review deals with the methods of identification of virus-specific proteins on virion and infected cell surface. The isotopic labeling of membrane proteins, their extraction by proteolytic enzymes and selective solubilization by detergents are considered. The plasmatic membrane isolation by centrifugation and by means of microcarriers is described. The methods of membrane protein localization using monoclonal antibodies and radioimmunoprecipitation are presented.

The increase of heparin secretion by mast cells of kidney capsule and subcutaneous fat has been noted in rats after 30 min intravenous insulin administration in a dose 0.3 U/200 g (by this time the blood sugar concentration lowers by 40%). The index of mast cells saturation with heparin drops by 2.3 and 1.9 times correspondingly. After preliminary administration of protamine sulphate (2 mg/200 g that provokes in rats the status of temporary resistance to the hypoglycemic action of insulin the stimulatory effect of insulin on the function of mast cells does not occur.

Mucosal gastric damages in rats induced by intragastric ethanol introduction decreased considerably on the background of action of one of the antidepressants (asaphen, inkasan and OF-743) in combination with arginine. The combination OF-743 with arginine has the largest protective action, the least one--asaphen with arginine. A comparison of protective action of some antidepressants with action of antidepressants in combination with arginine revealed a tendency to more expressed antiulcerogenic effect in studied combinations.

A physical development is regarded as somatic equivalent of capacity for physical work. Two integrative indexes of size and shape of body have been revealed using the component analysis. It is possible to estimate their values for length, weight and chest circumference. The influence of subcutaneous fat on the indexes of size and shape is removed using the linear regression. A conclusion on the type of physical development may be made on the basis of their combination.

The effect of different conditions of hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on content and catalytic activity of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver cytochrome has been studied. The intensity of lipid peroxidation in microsomal membranes has been determined by the content of dien conjugates and Schiff's bases. The rate of amidopyrine demethylation has been shown not to change, but the rate of aniline hydroxylation decreases on 34, 57 and 64% under increase of oxygen pressure up to 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 MPa correspondingly. The level of dien conjugates increase on 66-87% under all studied conditions of HBO. Cytochrome P-450 content decreases on 45% under the action of 0.7 MPa, but content of Schiff's bases increases on 210% as compared with control.

Under condition of normal temperature the conditioned reflectory runnings of rats on the audible irritants were developed more quickly during dry food than damp one. Daily influence of high temperature during two hours and partially water deprivation resulted in reduction of the conditioned reflex which had been developed before during dry food. The reproduction of the conditioned reflexes during dry food failed. The essential changings in the conditioned reflexes during damp and dry food were not found when animals had become overheating without restriction of water consumption. During daily heat affecting at the end of the second week animals adapted to high temperature. This statement is confirmed by lowering the rectal temperature, decrease of the breath rate, daily water consumption and restoration of the activity of conditioned reflexes.