Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02472-7
Nicolas Boulant, Franck Mauconduit, Vincent Gras, Alexis Amadon, Caroline Le Ster, Michel Luong, Aurélien Massire, Christophe Pallier, Laure Sabatier, Michel Bottlaender, Alexandre Vignaud, Denis Le Bihan
The understanding of the human brain is one of the main scientific challenges of the twenty-first century. In the early 2000s, the French Atomic Energy Commission launched a program to conceive and build a human magnetic resonance imaging scanner operating at 11.7 T. We have now acquired human brain images in vivo at such a magnetic field. We deployed parallel transmission tools to mitigate the radiofrequency field inhomogeneity problem and tame the specific absorption rate. The safety of human imaging at such high field strength was demonstrated using physiological, vestibular, behavioral and genotoxicity measurements on the imaged volunteers. Our technology yields T2 and T2*-weighted images reaching mesoscale resolutions within short acquisition times and with a high signal and contrast-to-noise ratio. In a technological tour de force, a whole-body 11.7-T MRI scanner has been developed. Here images of the human brain are presented while safety for the imaged human volunteers has been ascertained.
了解人类大脑是二十一世纪的主要科学挑战之一。本世纪初,法国原子能委员会启动了一项计划,构想并建造一台在 11.7 T 下工作的人体磁共振成像扫描仪。现在,我们已经在这样的磁场下获取了活体人脑图像。我们采用并行传输工具来缓解射频场不均匀性问题,并控制比吸收率。通过对成像志愿者进行生理、前庭、行为和遗传毒性测量,证明了在如此高的磁场强度下进行人体成像的安全性。我们的技术能在较短的采集时间内获得达到中尺度分辨率的 T2 和 T2* 加权图像,并具有较高的信号和对比度-噪声比。
{"title":"In vivo imaging of the human brain with the Iseult 11.7-T MRI scanner","authors":"Nicolas Boulant, Franck Mauconduit, Vincent Gras, Alexis Amadon, Caroline Le Ster, Michel Luong, Aurélien Massire, Christophe Pallier, Laure Sabatier, Michel Bottlaender, Alexandre Vignaud, Denis Le Bihan","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02472-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02472-7","url":null,"abstract":"The understanding of the human brain is one of the main scientific challenges of the twenty-first century. In the early 2000s, the French Atomic Energy Commission launched a program to conceive and build a human magnetic resonance imaging scanner operating at 11.7 T. We have now acquired human brain images in vivo at such a magnetic field. We deployed parallel transmission tools to mitigate the radiofrequency field inhomogeneity problem and tame the specific absorption rate. The safety of human imaging at such high field strength was demonstrated using physiological, vestibular, behavioral and genotoxicity measurements on the imaged volunteers. Our technology yields T2 and T2*-weighted images reaching mesoscale resolutions within short acquisition times and with a high signal and contrast-to-noise ratio. In a technological tour de force, a whole-body 11.7-T MRI scanner has been developed. Here images of the human brain are presented while safety for the imaged human volunteers has been ascertained.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 11","pages":"2013-2016"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02472-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02475-4
Xiongtao Ruan, Matthew Mueller, Gaoxiang Liu, Frederik Görlitz, Tian-Ming Fu, Daniel E Milkie, Joshua L Lillvis, Alexander Kuhn, Johnny Gan Chong, Jason Li Hong, Chu Yi Aaron Herr, Wilmene Hercule, Marc Nienhaus, Alison N Killilea, Eric Betzig, Srigokul Upadhyayula
Light sheet microscopy is a powerful technique for high-speed three-dimensional imaging of subcellular dynamics and large biological specimens. However, it often generates datasets ranging from hundreds of gigabytes to petabytes in size for a single experiment. Conventional computational tools process such images far slower than the time to acquire them and often fail outright due to memory limitations. To address these challenges, we present PetaKit5D, a scalable software solution for efficient petabyte-scale light sheet image processing. This software incorporates a suite of commonly used processing tools that are optimized for memory and performance. Notable advancements include rapid image readers and writers, fast and memory-efficient geometric transformations, high-performance Richardson-Lucy deconvolution and scalable Zarr-based stitching. These features outperform state-of-the-art methods by over one order of magnitude, enabling the processing of petabyte-scale image data at the full teravoxel rates of modern imaging cameras. The software opens new avenues for biological discoveries through large-scale imaging experiments.
{"title":"Image processing tools for petabyte-scale light sheet microscopy data.","authors":"Xiongtao Ruan, Matthew Mueller, Gaoxiang Liu, Frederik Görlitz, Tian-Ming Fu, Daniel E Milkie, Joshua L Lillvis, Alexander Kuhn, Johnny Gan Chong, Jason Li Hong, Chu Yi Aaron Herr, Wilmene Hercule, Marc Nienhaus, Alison N Killilea, Eric Betzig, Srigokul Upadhyayula","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02475-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41592-024-02475-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light sheet microscopy is a powerful technique for high-speed three-dimensional imaging of subcellular dynamics and large biological specimens. However, it often generates datasets ranging from hundreds of gigabytes to petabytes in size for a single experiment. Conventional computational tools process such images far slower than the time to acquire them and often fail outright due to memory limitations. To address these challenges, we present PetaKit5D, a scalable software solution for efficient petabyte-scale light sheet image processing. This software incorporates a suite of commonly used processing tools that are optimized for memory and performance. Notable advancements include rapid image readers and writers, fast and memory-efficient geometric transformations, high-performance Richardson-Lucy deconvolution and scalable Zarr-based stitching. These features outperform state-of-the-art methods by over one order of magnitude, enabling the processing of petabyte-scale image data at the full teravoxel rates of modern imaging cameras. The software opens new avenues for biological discoveries through large-scale imaging experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02490-5
Vivien Marx
When spouses are both scientists, they mix the typical research career decisions with some marriage-related ones.
当配偶双方都是科学家时,他们在做出典型的研究职业决定的同时,也会做出一些与婚姻有关的决定。
{"title":"Scientists who marry scientists","authors":"Vivien Marx","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02490-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02490-5","url":null,"abstract":"When spouses are both scientists, they mix the typical research career decisions with some marriage-related ones.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 11","pages":"1962-1963"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02463-8
Chengwei Zhong, Kok Siong Ang, Jinmiao Chen
Spatial transcriptomics produces high-dimensional gene expression measurements with spatial context. Obtaining a biologically meaningful low-dimensional representation of such data is crucial for effective interpretation and downstream analysis. Here, we present Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis with topic Modeling to uncover spatial Patterns (STAMP), an interpretable spatially aware dimension reduction method built on a deep generative model that returns biologically relevant, low-dimensional spatial topics and associated gene modules. STAMP can analyze data ranging from a single section to multiple sections and from different technologies to time-series data, returning topics matching known biological domains and associated gene modules containing established markers highly ranked within. In a lung cancer sample, STAMP delineated cell states with supporting markers at a higher resolution than the original annotation and uncovered cancer-associated fibroblasts concentrated on the tumor edge’s exterior. In time-series data of mouse embryonic development, STAMP disentangled the erythro-myeloid hematopoiesis and hepatocytes developmental trajectories within the liver. STAMP is highly scalable and can handle more than 500,000 cells. Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis with topic Modeling to uncover spatial Patterns (STAMP) is a versatile and scalable method for dimension reduction in spatially resolved transcriptomics that enables discovery of biologically relevant tissue domains.
{"title":"Interpretable spatially aware dimension reduction of spatial transcriptomics with STAMP","authors":"Chengwei Zhong, Kok Siong Ang, Jinmiao Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02463-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02463-8","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial transcriptomics produces high-dimensional gene expression measurements with spatial context. Obtaining a biologically meaningful low-dimensional representation of such data is crucial for effective interpretation and downstream analysis. Here, we present Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis with topic Modeling to uncover spatial Patterns (STAMP), an interpretable spatially aware dimension reduction method built on a deep generative model that returns biologically relevant, low-dimensional spatial topics and associated gene modules. STAMP can analyze data ranging from a single section to multiple sections and from different technologies to time-series data, returning topics matching known biological domains and associated gene modules containing established markers highly ranked within. In a lung cancer sample, STAMP delineated cell states with supporting markers at a higher resolution than the original annotation and uncovered cancer-associated fibroblasts concentrated on the tumor edge’s exterior. In time-series data of mouse embryonic development, STAMP disentangled the erythro-myeloid hematopoiesis and hepatocytes developmental trajectories within the liver. STAMP is highly scalable and can handle more than 500,000 cells. Spatial Transcriptomics Analysis with topic Modeling to uncover spatial Patterns (STAMP) is a versatile and scalable method for dimension reduction in spatially resolved transcriptomics that enables discovery of biologically relevant tissue domains.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 11","pages":"2072-2083"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02463-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-14DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02464-7
Callum M. Ives, Ojas Singh, Silvia D’Andrea, Carl A. Fogarty, Aoife M. Harbison, Akash Satheesan, Beatrice Tropea, Elisa Fadda
Despite ground-breaking innovations in experimental structural biology and protein structure prediction techniques, capturing the structure of the glycans that functionalize proteins remains a challenge. Here we introduce GlycoShape ( https://glycoshape.org ), an open-access glycan structure database and toolbox designed to restore glycoproteins to their native and functional form in seconds. The GlycoShape database counts over 500 unique glycans so far, covering the human glycome and augmented by elements from a wide range of organisms, obtained from 1 ms of cumulative sampling from molecular dynamics simulations. These structures can be linked to proteins with a robust algorithm named Re-Glyco, directly compatible with structural data in open-access repositories, such as the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) and AlphaFold Protein Structure Database, or own. The quality, performance and broad applicability of GlycoShape is demonstrated by its ability to predict N-glycosylation occupancy, scoring a 93% agreement with experiment, based on screening all proteins in the PDB with a corresponding glycoproteomics profile, for a total of 4,259 N-glycosylation sequons. GlycoShape is an open-access web-based platform designed to supplement three-dimensional glycoprotein structures with missing structural information on glycans. To link them, the Re-Glyco algorithm evaluates the steric complementarity of glycans using their conformational ensemble with the protein surface.
{"title":"Restoring protein glycosylation with GlycoShape","authors":"Callum M. Ives, Ojas Singh, Silvia D’Andrea, Carl A. Fogarty, Aoife M. Harbison, Akash Satheesan, Beatrice Tropea, Elisa Fadda","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02464-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02464-7","url":null,"abstract":"Despite ground-breaking innovations in experimental structural biology and protein structure prediction techniques, capturing the structure of the glycans that functionalize proteins remains a challenge. Here we introduce GlycoShape ( https://glycoshape.org ), an open-access glycan structure database and toolbox designed to restore glycoproteins to their native and functional form in seconds. The GlycoShape database counts over 500 unique glycans so far, covering the human glycome and augmented by elements from a wide range of organisms, obtained from 1 ms of cumulative sampling from molecular dynamics simulations. These structures can be linked to proteins with a robust algorithm named Re-Glyco, directly compatible with structural data in open-access repositories, such as the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics Protein Data Bank (RCSB PDB) and AlphaFold Protein Structure Database, or own. The quality, performance and broad applicability of GlycoShape is demonstrated by its ability to predict N-glycosylation occupancy, scoring a 93% agreement with experiment, based on screening all proteins in the PDB with a corresponding glycoproteomics profile, for a total of 4,259 N-glycosylation sequons. GlycoShape is an open-access web-based platform designed to supplement three-dimensional glycoprotein structures with missing structural information on glycans. To link them, the Re-Glyco algorithm evaluates the steric complementarity of glycans using their conformational ensemble with the protein surface.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 11","pages":"2117-2127"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02464-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142470445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02454-9
Shiwei Wang, Tay Won Shin, Harley B. Yoder II, Ryan B. McMillan, Hanquan Su, Yixi Liu, Chi Zhang, Kylie S. Leung, Peng Yin, Laura L. Kiessling, Edward S. Boyden
Expansion microscopy (ExM) is in increasingly widespread use throughout biology because its isotropic physical magnification enables nanoimaging on conventional microscopes. To date, ExM methods either expand specimens to a limited range (~4–10× linearly) or achieve larger expansion factors through iterating the expansion process a second time (~15–20× linearly). Here, we present an ExM protocol that achieves ~20× expansion (yielding <20-nm resolution on a conventional microscope) in a single expansion step, achieving the performance of iterative expansion with the simplicity of a single-shot protocol. This protocol, which we call 20ExM, supports postexpansion staining for brain tissue, which can facilitate biomolecular labeling. 20ExM may find utility in many areas of biological investigation requiring high-resolution imaging. 20ExM achieves isotropic ~20× expansion of cells and tissues in a single shot for super-resolution imaging with <20-nm resolution on a conventional microscope.
{"title":"Single-shot 20-fold expansion microscopy","authors":"Shiwei Wang, Tay Won Shin, Harley B. Yoder II, Ryan B. McMillan, Hanquan Su, Yixi Liu, Chi Zhang, Kylie S. Leung, Peng Yin, Laura L. Kiessling, Edward S. Boyden","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02454-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02454-9","url":null,"abstract":"Expansion microscopy (ExM) is in increasingly widespread use throughout biology because its isotropic physical magnification enables nanoimaging on conventional microscopes. To date, ExM methods either expand specimens to a limited range (~4–10× linearly) or achieve larger expansion factors through iterating the expansion process a second time (~15–20× linearly). Here, we present an ExM protocol that achieves ~20× expansion (yielding <20-nm resolution on a conventional microscope) in a single expansion step, achieving the performance of iterative expansion with the simplicity of a single-shot protocol. This protocol, which we call 20ExM, supports postexpansion staining for brain tissue, which can facilitate biomolecular labeling. 20ExM may find utility in many areas of biological investigation requiring high-resolution imaging. 20ExM achieves isotropic ~20× expansion of cells and tissues in a single shot for super-resolution imaging with <20-nm resolution on a conventional microscope.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 11","pages":"2128-2134"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02454-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142406626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02448-7
Nina Vogt
For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.
在《自然-方法》创刊 20 周年之际,我们的现任和前任编辑回顾了他们最喜爱的论文、活动和项目。
{"title":"A decade of neuroscience","authors":"Nina Vogt","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02448-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02448-7","url":null,"abstract":"For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 10","pages":"1781-1781"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02448-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02444-x
Nicole Rusk
For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.
在《自然-方法》创刊 20 周年之际,我们的现任和前任编辑回顾了他们最喜爱的论文、活动和项目。
{"title":"Listening to an RNA orchestra and seeing CRISPR in action","authors":"Nicole Rusk","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02444-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02444-x","url":null,"abstract":"For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 10","pages":"1778-1779"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02444-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02446-9
Erika Pastrana
For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.
在《自然-方法》创刊 20 周年之际,我们的现任和前任编辑回顾了他们最喜爱的论文、活动和项目。
{"title":"Mapping the brain: an editor’s journey","authors":"Erika Pastrana","doi":"10.1038/s41592-024-02446-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41592-024-02446-9","url":null,"abstract":"For Nature Methods’ 20th anniversary, our current and past editors reminisce about their favorite papers, initiatives and projects at the journal.","PeriodicalId":18981,"journal":{"name":"Nature Methods","volume":"21 10","pages":"1780-1780"},"PeriodicalIF":36.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41592-024-02446-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142391948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}