Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01484-7
Seeking environmental justice requires vast amounts of written law and armies of lawyers to enforce and navigate them fairly. Sustainability research must incorporate data and insights on these laws from legal scholars to better understand the impacts of competing claims for human use and ecosystem health
{"title":"Balancing rights","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01484-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01484-7","url":null,"abstract":"Seeking environmental justice requires vast amounts of written law and armies of lawyers to enforce and navigate them fairly. Sustainability research must incorporate data and insights on these laws from legal scholars to better understand the impacts of competing claims for human use and ecosystem health","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1371-1371"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01484-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01456-x
Christopher M. Rea, Nikolas E. Merten, Casey J. Rife
Environmental policy in the United States is heavily influenced by civil litigation, which is used by government, environmental groups and industry to shape environmental protections. These disputes impact national and global environmental policy, but there is limited knowledge about outcomes for pro- and anti-regulatory plaintiffs or which areas of environmental policy are focused on by different plaintiffs. Drawing on 25,775 environmental civil suits and 4,142 judicial decisions filed in federal district courts between 1988 and 2022, we show that pro-regulatory plaintiffs tend to have a higher win rate than anti-regulatory ones, that federal enforcement litigation focuses overwhelmingly on pollution and waste-related conflicts, that environmental advocacy groups focus heavily on conservation-related conflicts and that climate and environmental justice-related themes are rarely discussed in environmental legal decisions. The inequality in legal advocacy that we document may help to explain areas of strength and weakness in US environmental policy, with implications for environmental justice and global sustainability. Environmental law is shaped by litigation outcomes as much as by legislation. This study examines nearly 30,000 civil suits and court decisions over 34 years to help reveal their influence on the legal and environmental landscapes of the United States.
{"title":"Outcomes and policy focus of environmental litigation in the United States","authors":"Christopher M. Rea, Nikolas E. Merten, Casey J. Rife","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01456-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01456-x","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental policy in the United States is heavily influenced by civil litigation, which is used by government, environmental groups and industry to shape environmental protections. These disputes impact national and global environmental policy, but there is limited knowledge about outcomes for pro- and anti-regulatory plaintiffs or which areas of environmental policy are focused on by different plaintiffs. Drawing on 25,775 environmental civil suits and 4,142 judicial decisions filed in federal district courts between 1988 and 2022, we show that pro-regulatory plaintiffs tend to have a higher win rate than anti-regulatory ones, that federal enforcement litigation focuses overwhelmingly on pollution and waste-related conflicts, that environmental advocacy groups focus heavily on conservation-related conflicts and that climate and environmental justice-related themes are rarely discussed in environmental legal decisions. The inequality in legal advocacy that we document may help to explain areas of strength and weakness in US environmental policy, with implications for environmental justice and global sustainability. Environmental law is shaped by litigation outcomes as much as by legislation. This study examines nearly 30,000 civil suits and court decisions over 34 years to help reveal their influence on the legal and environmental landscapes of the United States.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1469-1480"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01456-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01461-0
Sabrina McCormick
Environmental law is a function of both regulations and the lawsuits that happen because of, or in the absence of, those regulations. Surveying the characteristics of climate-related lawsuits can help us to understand not just who is suing who, but whether the regulatory and legal system is working as intended.
{"title":"Landscape of litigation in the United States","authors":"Sabrina McCormick","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01461-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01461-0","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental law is a function of both regulations and the lawsuits that happen because of, or in the absence of, those regulations. Surveying the characteristics of climate-related lawsuits can help us to understand not just who is suing who, but whether the regulatory and legal system is working as intended.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1377-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01455-y
Misato Sato, Glen Gostlow, Catherine Higham, Joana Setzer, Frank Venmans
Communities and individuals are turning to courts to hold governments and high-emitting firms to account for the adverse consequences of climate change. Such litigation is part of a broader trend in which stakeholders are increasingly scrutinizing firms for their sustainability practices. For firms, rising climate litigation risk may exacerbate wider sustainability risks. Here we construct a comprehensive database of filings and decisions relating to 108 climate lawsuits against US- and European-listed firms between 2005 and 2021. We show that firms experience, on average, a 0.41% fall in stock returns following a climate-related filing or an unfavourable court decision. Cases filed against Carbon Majors, primarily the world’s largest fossil fuel producers, saw the largest stock market responses, with returns reducing by 0.57% and 1.50% following filings and unfavourable decisions, respectively. Markets respond more to ‘novel’ climate litigation involving new legal arguments or jurisdictions. Our findings suggest that climate litigation provides a way for stakeholders to challenge actual and perceived weaknesses in the sustainability practices of firms. We conclude that financial markets consider such litigation to be a relevant financial risk. Climate lawsuits can cause direct changes in corporate behaviour, but market impacts are less understood. This study examines 15 years of litigation to find how much stock values fall when lawsuits are filed or resolved.
{"title":"Impacts of climate litigation on firm value","authors":"Misato Sato, Glen Gostlow, Catherine Higham, Joana Setzer, Frank Venmans","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01455-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01455-y","url":null,"abstract":"Communities and individuals are turning to courts to hold governments and high-emitting firms to account for the adverse consequences of climate change. Such litigation is part of a broader trend in which stakeholders are increasingly scrutinizing firms for their sustainability practices. For firms, rising climate litigation risk may exacerbate wider sustainability risks. Here we construct a comprehensive database of filings and decisions relating to 108 climate lawsuits against US- and European-listed firms between 2005 and 2021. We show that firms experience, on average, a 0.41% fall in stock returns following a climate-related filing or an unfavourable court decision. Cases filed against Carbon Majors, primarily the world’s largest fossil fuel producers, saw the largest stock market responses, with returns reducing by 0.57% and 1.50% following filings and unfavourable decisions, respectively. Markets respond more to ‘novel’ climate litigation involving new legal arguments or jurisdictions. Our findings suggest that climate litigation provides a way for stakeholders to challenge actual and perceived weaknesses in the sustainability practices of firms. We conclude that financial markets consider such litigation to be a relevant financial risk. Climate lawsuits can cause direct changes in corporate behaviour, but market impacts are less understood. This study examines 15 years of litigation to find how much stock values fall when lawsuits are filed or resolved.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1461-1468"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01455-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-19DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01463-y
John Ruple
Want faster permits? Start by giving agencies the staff they need to do their jobs, then let’s talk about updating laws.
想要更快获得许可？首先要为各机构提供开展工作所需的人员，然后再讨论更新法律的问题。
{"title":"Pick the low-hanging fruit first","authors":"John Ruple","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01463-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01463-y","url":null,"abstract":"Want faster permits? Start by giving agencies the staff they need to do their jobs, then let’s talk about updating laws.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1372-1373"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01436-1
Monika Shankar, Melody Ng, Morgan Rogers, Elizabeth M. Cook, Dustin L. Herrmann, Kirsten Schwarz
Urban soils are often overlooked in climate resilience planning and policy. We advocate for a broader framing of urban soils within an equity-centred social ecological framework that acknowledges the role of soils as essential infrastructure and enhances investment to maximize their benefits towards resilient urban futures.
{"title":"Unearthing the role of soils in urban climate resilience planning","authors":"Monika Shankar, Melody Ng, Morgan Rogers, Elizabeth M. Cook, Dustin L. Herrmann, Kirsten Schwarz","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01436-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01436-1","url":null,"abstract":"Urban soils are often overlooked in climate resilience planning and policy. We advocate for a broader framing of urban soils within an equity-centred social ecological framework that acknowledges the role of soils as essential infrastructure and enhances investment to maximize their benefits towards resilient urban futures.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1374-1376"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01426-3
Edward Anthony, Jaia Syvitski, Florin Zăinescu, Robert J. Nicholls, Kim M. Cohen, Nick Marriner, Yoshiki Saito, John Day, Philip S. J. Minderhoud, Alessandro Amorosi, Zhongyuan Chen, Christophe Morhange, Toru Tamura, Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe, Manon Besset, François Sabatier, David Kaniewski, Vittorio Maselli
River deltas offer numerous ecosystem services and host an estimated global population of 350 million to more than 500 million inhabitants in over 100 countries. To maintain their sustainability into the future, deltas need to withstand sea-level rise from global warming, but human pressures and diminishing sediment supplies are exacerbating their vulnerability. In this Review, we show how deltas have served as environmental incubators for societal development over the past 7,000 years, and how this tightly interlocked relationship now poses challenges to deltas globally. Without climate stabilization, the sustainability of populous low-to-mid-latitude deltas will be difficult to maintain, probably terminating the delta–human relationship that we know today. River deltas have played a central role in the development of human societies, providing a multitude of environmental services to large populations. In the face of climate change and human impact, careful and strategic management is now required to ensure the future sustainability of habitable deltas.
{"title":"Delta sustainability from the Holocene to the Anthropocene and envisioning the future","authors":"Edward Anthony, Jaia Syvitski, Florin Zăinescu, Robert J. Nicholls, Kim M. Cohen, Nick Marriner, Yoshiki Saito, John Day, Philip S. J. Minderhoud, Alessandro Amorosi, Zhongyuan Chen, Christophe Morhange, Toru Tamura, Alfred Vespremeanu-Stroe, Manon Besset, François Sabatier, David Kaniewski, Vittorio Maselli","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01426-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01426-3","url":null,"abstract":"River deltas offer numerous ecosystem services and host an estimated global population of 350 million to more than 500 million inhabitants in over 100 countries. To maintain their sustainability into the future, deltas need to withstand sea-level rise from global warming, but human pressures and diminishing sediment supplies are exacerbating their vulnerability. In this Review, we show how deltas have served as environmental incubators for societal development over the past 7,000 years, and how this tightly interlocked relationship now poses challenges to deltas globally. Without climate stabilization, the sustainability of populous low-to-mid-latitude deltas will be difficult to maintain, probably terminating the delta–human relationship that we know today. River deltas have played a central role in the development of human societies, providing a multitude of environmental services to large populations. In the face of climate change and human impact, careful and strategic management is now required to ensure the future sustainability of habitable deltas.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 10","pages":"1235-1246"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142487183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01439-y
Annalisa Savaresi, Joana Setzer, Sam Bookman, Kim Bouwer, Tiffanie Chan, Isabela Keuschnigg, Chiara Armeni, Alexandra Harrington, Corina Heri, Ian Higham, Chris Hilson, Riccardo Luporini, Chiara Macchi, Linnéa Nordlander, Pedi Obani, Lauri Peterson, Andrea Schapper, Navraj Singh Ghaleigh, Maria Antonia Tigre, Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh
The transition towards low-carbon societies is creating winners and losers, raising new questions of justice. Around the world, litigation increasingly articulates these justice questions, challenging laws, projects and policies that aim to deliver climate change adaptation and/or mitigation. In this Perspective, we define and conceptualize the phenomenon of ‘just transition litigation’. This concept provides a new frame for identifying and understanding the diverse justice claims of those affected by climate action. We set out a research agenda to further investigate this phenomenon, with a view to enhancing societal acceptance and support for the transition. Transitioning to low-carbon societies will mean shifts in laws as well as systems, requiring conversations about social and economic justice associated with this shift. This Perspective examines how litigation can be used to understand and facilitate these claims of justice
{"title":"Conceptualizing just transition litigation","authors":"Annalisa Savaresi, Joana Setzer, Sam Bookman, Kim Bouwer, Tiffanie Chan, Isabela Keuschnigg, Chiara Armeni, Alexandra Harrington, Corina Heri, Ian Higham, Chris Hilson, Riccardo Luporini, Chiara Macchi, Linnéa Nordlander, Pedi Obani, Lauri Peterson, Andrea Schapper, Navraj Singh Ghaleigh, Maria Antonia Tigre, Margaretha Wewerinke-Singh","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01439-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01439-y","url":null,"abstract":"The transition towards low-carbon societies is creating winners and losers, raising new questions of justice. Around the world, litigation increasingly articulates these justice questions, challenging laws, projects and policies that aim to deliver climate change adaptation and/or mitigation. In this Perspective, we define and conceptualize the phenomenon of ‘just transition litigation’. This concept provides a new frame for identifying and understanding the diverse justice claims of those affected by climate action. We set out a research agenda to further investigate this phenomenon, with a view to enhancing societal acceptance and support for the transition. Transitioning to low-carbon societies will mean shifts in laws as well as systems, requiring conversations about social and economic justice associated with this shift. This Perspective examines how litigation can be used to understand and facilitate these claims of justice","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1379-1384"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01439-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The dominant chemistries of lithium-ion batteries on the market today still rely on flammable organic liquid electrolytes and cathodes containing scarce metals, such as cobalt or nickel, raising safety, cost and environmental concerns. Here we show a FeCl3 cathode that costs as little as 1% of the cost of a LiCoO2 cathode or 2% of a LiFePO4 cathode. Once coupled with a solid halide electrolyte and a lithium-indium (Li–In) alloy anode, it enables all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries without any liquid components. Notably, FeCl3 exhibits two flat voltage plateaux between 3.5 and 3.8 V versus Li+/Li, and the solid cell retains 83% of its initial capacity after 1,000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.95%. Combined neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy characterizations reveal a Li-ion (de)intercalation mechanism together with a Fe2+/Fe3+ redox process. Our work provides a promising avenue for developing sustainable battery technologies with a favourable balance of performance, cost and safety. The authors present a FeCl3 cathode design that enables all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries with a favourable combination of low cost, improved safety and good performance.
目前市场上主流的锂离子电池化学成分仍依赖于易燃的有机液体电解质和含有钴或镍等稀缺金属的阴极，这引发了安全、成本和环境方面的担忧。在这里，我们展示了一种氯化铁阴极，其成本仅为钴酸锂阴极的 1%，或磷酸铁锂阴极的 2%。一旦与固体卤化物电解质和锂-铟（Li-In）合金阳极结合，它就能实现全固态锂离子电池，而无需任何液体成分。值得注意的是，FeCl3 与 Li+/Li 相比，在 3.5 V 和 3.8 V 之间显示出两个平坦的电压平台，固体电池在循环 1000 次后仍能保持 83% 的初始容量，平均库仑效率为 99.95%。中子衍射和 X 射线吸收光谱的综合表征揭示了锂离子（脱）插层机制以及 Fe2+/Fe3+ 氧化还原过程。我们的研究工作为开发性能、成本和安全性兼顾的可持续电池技术提供了一条大有可为的途径。作者介绍了一种三氯化铁正极设计，这种设计使全固态锂离子电池实现了低成本、更安全和高性能的良好结合。
{"title":"Low-cost iron trichloride cathode for all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Zhantao Liu, Jue Liu, Simin Zhao, Sangni Xun, Paul Byaruhanga, Shuo Chen, Yuanzhi Tang, Ting Zhu, Hailong Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01431-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01431-6","url":null,"abstract":"The dominant chemistries of lithium-ion batteries on the market today still rely on flammable organic liquid electrolytes and cathodes containing scarce metals, such as cobalt or nickel, raising safety, cost and environmental concerns. Here we show a FeCl3 cathode that costs as little as 1% of the cost of a LiCoO2 cathode or 2% of a LiFePO4 cathode. Once coupled with a solid halide electrolyte and a lithium-indium (Li–In) alloy anode, it enables all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries without any liquid components. Notably, FeCl3 exhibits two flat voltage plateaux between 3.5 and 3.8 V versus Li+/Li, and the solid cell retains 83% of its initial capacity after 1,000 cycles with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.95%. Combined neutron diffraction and X-ray absorption spectroscopy characterizations reveal a Li-ion (de)intercalation mechanism together with a Fe2+/Fe3+ redox process. Our work provides a promising avenue for developing sustainable battery technologies with a favourable balance of performance, cost and safety. The authors present a FeCl3 cathode design that enables all-solid-state lithium-ion batteries with a favourable combination of low cost, improved safety and good performance.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1492-1500"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41893-024-01433-4
Livia Cabernard, Stephan Pfister, Stefanie Hellweg
Land-use change such as the conversion of natural habitat to agricultural land has been a major driver of global biodiversity loss, prompting efforts at biodiversity restoration. However, restoration measures in certain areas can shift the detrimental biodiversity impacts elsewhere through the outsourcing of agri-food supply chains to biodiverse regions. This study examines the link between biodiversity impacts from land-use change and shifts in global supply chains from 1995 to 2022 by introducing a marginal allocation into multiregional input–output analysis. Almost 80% of recent global land-use change impacts were associated with increased agri-food exports from Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia + Pacific (excluding China). Conversely, increased imports to China, the United States, Europe and the Middle East accounted for almost 60% of recent global land-use change impacts from a consumption perspective, despite decreasing domestic impacts through restoration. Decreasing biodiversity impacts in temperate and arid regions have been partially achieved by outsourcing agri-food supply to tropical biodiversity hotspots. This results in a cumulated global extinction rate (1.4% global potential species loss since 1995), exceeding the planetary boundary by about fifty times, thus highlighting the need for policies incentivizing habitat protection in tropical regions and sustainable sourcing in agri-food supply chains. Land-use change can lead to detrimental biodiversity impacts through the conversion of natural habitat to agricultural land. This study examines the association between biodiversity impacts from land-use change and global agri-food supply chains.
{"title":"Biodiversity impacts of recent land-use change driven by increases in agri-food imports","authors":"Livia Cabernard, Stephan Pfister, Stefanie Hellweg","doi":"10.1038/s41893-024-01433-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41893-024-01433-4","url":null,"abstract":"Land-use change such as the conversion of natural habitat to agricultural land has been a major driver of global biodiversity loss, prompting efforts at biodiversity restoration. However, restoration measures in certain areas can shift the detrimental biodiversity impacts elsewhere through the outsourcing of agri-food supply chains to biodiverse regions. This study examines the link between biodiversity impacts from land-use change and shifts in global supply chains from 1995 to 2022 by introducing a marginal allocation into multiregional input–output analysis. Almost 80% of recent global land-use change impacts were associated with increased agri-food exports from Latin America, Africa and Southeast Asia + Pacific (excluding China). Conversely, increased imports to China, the United States, Europe and the Middle East accounted for almost 60% of recent global land-use change impacts from a consumption perspective, despite decreasing domestic impacts through restoration. Decreasing biodiversity impacts in temperate and arid regions have been partially achieved by outsourcing agri-food supply to tropical biodiversity hotspots. This results in a cumulated global extinction rate (1.4% global potential species loss since 1995), exceeding the planetary boundary by about fifty times, thus highlighting the need for policies incentivizing habitat protection in tropical regions and sustainable sourcing in agri-food supply chains. Land-use change can lead to detrimental biodiversity impacts through the conversion of natural habitat to agricultural land. This study examines the association between biodiversity impacts from land-use change and global agri-food supply chains.","PeriodicalId":19056,"journal":{"name":"Nature Sustainability","volume":"7 11","pages":"1512-1524"},"PeriodicalIF":25.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41893-024-01433-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：