Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01643-2
Changes in the political landscape following this year’s elections in Europe and the USA will have implications for the energy transition and energy policies. This will have knock-on effects for energy researchers in terms of funding, collaboration and the direction of future energy technologies.
{"title":"Uncertainty amid political changes","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01643-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01643-2","url":null,"abstract":"Changes in the political landscape following this year’s elections in Europe and the USA will have implications for the energy transition and energy policies. This will have knock-on effects for energy researchers in terms of funding, collaboration and the direction of future energy technologies.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 9","pages":"1043-1043"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01643-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01622-7
Shaofeng Li, Xianbiao Fu, Jens K. Nørskov, Ib Chorkendorff
Ammonia is a key component of fertilizers, a crucial industrial chemical and a carbon-free fuel. Electrosynthesis of ammonia from nitrogen under ambient conditions presents an attractive alternative to the centralized Haber–Bosch process. Although lithium- and calcium-mediated nitrogen reduction (Li-NRR and Ca-NRR) show promise, long-term continuous ammonia electrosynthesis at high rates will be needed for industrial application. In this Perspective we argue that for Li-NRR and Ca-NRR to operate sustainably, the use of continuous-flow reactors—in which NRR is coupled with the hydrogen oxidation reaction, avoiding non-sustainable proton sources and electrolyte oxidation—is essential. Providing the necessary protons via hydrogen oxidation is vital for the sustainable production of ammonia and long-term system stability. We propose strategies such as optimizing the solid–electrolyte interphase design, refining the electrode and reactor engineering to enhance the system stability and ammonia production rate. We also strongly advocate the exploration of electrocatalytic routes for surpassing the theoretical energy efficiency limit of Li/Ca-NRR.
{"title":"Towards sustainable metal-mediated ammonia electrosynthesis","authors":"Shaofeng Li, Xianbiao Fu, Jens K. Nørskov, Ib Chorkendorff","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01622-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01622-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ammonia is a key component of fertilizers, a crucial industrial chemical and a carbon-free fuel. Electrosynthesis of ammonia from nitrogen under ambient conditions presents an attractive alternative to the centralized Haber–Bosch process. Although lithium- and calcium-mediated nitrogen reduction (Li-NRR and Ca-NRR) show promise, long-term continuous ammonia electrosynthesis at high rates will be needed for industrial application. In this Perspective we argue that for Li-NRR and Ca-NRR to operate sustainably, the use of continuous-flow reactors—in which NRR is coupled with the hydrogen oxidation reaction, avoiding non-sustainable proton sources and electrolyte oxidation—is essential. Providing the necessary protons via hydrogen oxidation is vital for the sustainable production of ammonia and long-term system stability. We propose strategies such as optimizing the solid–electrolyte interphase design, refining the electrode and reactor engineering to enhance the system stability and ammonia production rate. We also strongly advocate the exploration of electrocatalytic routes for surpassing the theoretical energy efficiency limit of Li/Ca-NRR.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01648-x
James Gallagher
{"title":"Testing in the real world","authors":"James Gallagher","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01648-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01648-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 9","pages":"1053-1053"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142313437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01636-1
E. A. Holley
Community Benefit Agreements are needed to integrate community priorities into project design and mining operations on public land in the USA, argues Elizabeth Holley.
{"title":"Community Benefit Agreements are key to mining battery minerals on public lands","authors":"E. A. Holley","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01636-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01636-1","url":null,"abstract":"Community Benefit Agreements are needed to integrate community priorities into project design and mining operations on public land in the USA, argues Elizabeth Holley.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-20DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01638-z
Yuqi Li, Xueli Zheng, Evan Z. Carlson, Xin Xiao, Xiwen Chi, Yi Cui, Louisa C. Greenburg, Ge Zhang, Elizabeth Zhang, Chenwei Liu, Yufei Yang, Mun Sek Kim, Guangxia Feng, Pu Zhang, Hance Su, Xun Guan, Jiawei Zhou, Yecun Wu, Zhichen Xue, Weiyu Li, Michal Bajdich, Yi Cui
Zn/MnO2 batteries, driven by a dual deposition reaction, are a prominent avenue for achieving high energy density in aqueous systems. Introducing an initially dual-electrode-free (anode/cathode) configuration can further boost energy density to over 200 Wh kg−1, but with limited cycle life due to the poor reversibility of Zn/MnO2 deposition and stripping. Drawing inspiration from soft templating strategies in material synthesis, here we apply this approach to electrodeposition and stripping by designing an in situ formed liquid crystal interphase. This concept is achieved by incorporating just 0.1 mM of surfactant molecules into the electrolyte, which induces favourable c-axis orientations in depositing both hexagonal Zn and MnO2. This enhancement subsequently increases the deposition/stripping reversibility and promotes the cycle life of the dual-electrode-free battery, achieving 80% capacity retention after ~950 cycles. This liquid crystal interphase chemistry also holds great promise for regulating deposition in other crystal systems, opening an exciting research direction for next-generation high-energy-density and long-duration energy storage based on aqueous chemistries.
由双沉积反应驱动的锌/二氧化锰电池是在水性体系中实现高能量密度的重要途径。引入初始无双电极（阳极/阴极）配置可将能量密度进一步提高到 200 Wh kg-1 以上，但由于 Zn/MnO2 沉积和剥离的可逆性较差，因此循环寿命有限。我们从材料合成中的软模板策略中汲取灵感，通过设计一种原位形成的液晶中间相，将这种方法应用于电沉积和剥离。这一概念是通过在电解液中加入仅 0.1 mM 的表面活性剂分子来实现的，它能在沉积六方锌和二氧化锰时诱导有利的 c 轴取向。这种增强随后提高了沉积/剥离的可逆性，并延长了无双电极电池的循环寿命，在大约 950 次循环后实现了 80% 的容量保持率。这种液晶相间化学也为调节其他晶体系统中的沉积带来了巨大希望，为基于水化学的下一代高能量密度和长寿命储能开辟了令人兴奋的研究方向。
{"title":"In situ formation of liquid crystal interphase in electrolytes with soft templating effects for aqueous dual-electrode-free batteries","authors":"Yuqi Li, Xueli Zheng, Evan Z. Carlson, Xin Xiao, Xiwen Chi, Yi Cui, Louisa C. Greenburg, Ge Zhang, Elizabeth Zhang, Chenwei Liu, Yufei Yang, Mun Sek Kim, Guangxia Feng, Pu Zhang, Hance Su, Xun Guan, Jiawei Zhou, Yecun Wu, Zhichen Xue, Weiyu Li, Michal Bajdich, Yi Cui","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01638-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01638-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zn/MnO<sub>2</sub> batteries, driven by a dual deposition reaction, are a prominent avenue for achieving high energy density in aqueous systems. Introducing an initially dual-electrode-free (anode/cathode) configuration can further boost energy density to over 200 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>, but with limited cycle life due to the poor reversibility of Zn/MnO<sub>2</sub> deposition and stripping. Drawing inspiration from soft templating strategies in material synthesis, here we apply this approach to electrodeposition and stripping by designing an in situ formed liquid crystal interphase. This concept is achieved by incorporating just 0.1 mM of surfactant molecules into the electrolyte, which induces favourable <i>c</i>-axis orientations in depositing both hexagonal Zn and MnO<sub>2</sub>. This enhancement subsequently increases the deposition/stripping reversibility and promotes the cycle life of the dual-electrode-free battery, achieving 80% capacity retention after ~950 cycles. This liquid crystal interphase chemistry also holds great promise for regulating deposition in other crystal systems, opening an exciting research direction for next-generation high-energy-density and long-duration energy storage based on aqueous chemistries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142275968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01629-0
Betar M. Gallant
Improving lithium anode cycling has long relied on links between electrolyte bulk properties and the interphase formed on lithium, with little understanding of the transformation process. A study reveals factors governing structural changes around lithium ions at the onset of metal plating, illuminating an unseen step in the trajectory from ion to lithium metal.
{"title":"Mapping the uncharted interface","authors":"Betar M. Gallant","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01629-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01629-0","url":null,"abstract":"Improving lithium anode cycling has long relied on links between electrolyte bulk properties and the interphase formed on lithium, with little understanding of the transformation process. A study reveals factors governing structural changes around lithium ions at the onset of metal plating, illuminating an unseen step in the trajectory from ion to lithium metal.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 10","pages":"1185-1186"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01634-3
Sebastian Puls, Elina Nazmutdinova, Fariza Kalyk, Henry M. Woolley, Jesper Frost Thomsen, Zhu Cheng, Adrien Fauchier-Magnan, Ajay Gautam, Michael Gockeln, So-Yeon Ham, Md Toukir Hasan, Min-Gi Jeong, Daiki Hiraoka, Jong Seok Kim, Tobias Kutsch, Barthélémy Lelotte, Philip Minnmann, Vanessa Miß, Kota Motohashi, Douglas Lars Nelson, Frans Ooms, Francesco Piccolo, Christian Plank, Maria Rosner, Stephanie E. Sandoval, Eva Schlautmann, Robin Schuster, Dominic Spencer-Jolly, Yipeng Sun, Bairav S. Vishnugopi, Ruizhuo Zhang, Huang Zheng, Philipp Adelhelm, Torsten Brezesinski, Peter G. Bruce, Michael Danzer, Mario El Kazzi, Hubert Gasteiger, Kelsey B. Hatzell, Akitoshi Hayashi, Felix Hippauf, Jürgen Janek, Yoon Seok Jung, Matthew T. McDowell, Ying Shirley Meng, Partha P. Mukherjee, Saneyuki Ohno, Bernhard Roling, Atsushi Sakuda, Julian Schwenzel, Xueliang Sun, Claire Villevieille, Marnix Wagemaker, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Nella M. Vargas-Barbosa
The interlaboratory comparability and reproducibility of all-solid-state battery cell cycling performance are poorly understood due to the lack of standardized set-ups and assembly parameters. This study quantifies the extent of this variability by providing commercially sourced battery materials—LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 for the positive electrode, Li6PS5Cl as the solid electrolyte and indium for the negative electrode—to 21 research groups. Each group was asked to use their own cell assembly protocol but follow a specific electrochemical protocol. The results show large variability in assembly and electrochemical performance, including differences in processing pressures, pressing durations and In-to-Li ratios. Despite this, an initial open circuit voltage of 2.5 and 2.7 V vs Li+/Li is a good predictor of successful cycling for cells using these electroactive materials. We suggest a set of parameters for reporting all-solid-state battery cycling results and advocate for reporting data in triplicate. More transparent protocol reporting and comprehensive battery cell data are needed. Twenty-one research groups joined forces to assess solid-state battery performance and found considerable differences in assembly protocols that cause variable results.
由于缺乏标准化的设置和组装参数，人们对全固态电池电池循环性能的实验室间可比性和可重复性知之甚少。本研究通过向 21 个研究小组提供市售电池材料--正极为 LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2，固态电解质为 Li6PS5Cl，负极为铟，来量化这种可变性的程度。每个小组都被要求使用自己的电池组装方案，但要遵循特定的电化学方案。结果显示，组装和电化学性能存在很大差异，包括加工压力、加压持续时间和铟锂比的不同。尽管如此，初始开路电压为 2.5 和 2.7 V vs Li+/Li，仍能很好地预测使用这些电活性材料的电池能否成功循环。我们提出了一套报告全固态电池循环结果的参数，并主张报告一式三份的数据。
{"title":"Benchmarking the reproducibility of all-solid-state battery cell performance","authors":"Sebastian Puls, Elina Nazmutdinova, Fariza Kalyk, Henry M. Woolley, Jesper Frost Thomsen, Zhu Cheng, Adrien Fauchier-Magnan, Ajay Gautam, Michael Gockeln, So-Yeon Ham, Md Toukir Hasan, Min-Gi Jeong, Daiki Hiraoka, Jong Seok Kim, Tobias Kutsch, Barthélémy Lelotte, Philip Minnmann, Vanessa Miß, Kota Motohashi, Douglas Lars Nelson, Frans Ooms, Francesco Piccolo, Christian Plank, Maria Rosner, Stephanie E. Sandoval, Eva Schlautmann, Robin Schuster, Dominic Spencer-Jolly, Yipeng Sun, Bairav S. Vishnugopi, Ruizhuo Zhang, Huang Zheng, Philipp Adelhelm, Torsten Brezesinski, Peter G. Bruce, Michael Danzer, Mario El Kazzi, Hubert Gasteiger, Kelsey B. Hatzell, Akitoshi Hayashi, Felix Hippauf, Jürgen Janek, Yoon Seok Jung, Matthew T. McDowell, Ying Shirley Meng, Partha P. Mukherjee, Saneyuki Ohno, Bernhard Roling, Atsushi Sakuda, Julian Schwenzel, Xueliang Sun, Claire Villevieille, Marnix Wagemaker, Wolfgang G. Zeier, Nella M. Vargas-Barbosa","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01634-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01634-3","url":null,"abstract":"The interlaboratory comparability and reproducibility of all-solid-state battery cell cycling performance are poorly understood due to the lack of standardized set-ups and assembly parameters. This study quantifies the extent of this variability by providing commercially sourced battery materials—LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 for the positive electrode, Li6PS5Cl as the solid electrolyte and indium for the negative electrode—to 21 research groups. Each group was asked to use their own cell assembly protocol but follow a specific electrochemical protocol. The results show large variability in assembly and electrochemical performance, including differences in processing pressures, pressing durations and In-to-Li ratios. Despite this, an initial open circuit voltage of 2.5 and 2.7 V vs Li+/Li is a good predictor of successful cycling for cells using these electroactive materials. We suggest a set of parameters for reporting all-solid-state battery cycling results and advocate for reporting data in triplicate. More transparent protocol reporting and comprehensive battery cell data are needed. Twenty-one research groups joined forces to assess solid-state battery performance and found considerable differences in assembly protocols that cause variable results.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 10","pages":"1310-1320"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41560-024-01634-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-18DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01631-6
Matteo C. Romano
Adsorption-based CO2 capture is characterized by significant interdependencies between sorbent properties, CO2 sources and process design. Research now underlines that a holistic approach is essential for designing high-performing materials and processes from techno-economic-environmental perspectives.
{"title":"MOFs, holistically","authors":"Matteo C. Romano","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01631-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41560-024-01631-6","url":null,"abstract":"Adsorption-based CO2 capture is characterized by significant interdependencies between sorbent properties, CO2 sources and process design. Research now underlines that a holistic approach is essential for designing high-performing materials and processes from techno-economic-environmental perspectives.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"9 9","pages":"1054-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":49.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142236845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-17DOI: 10.1038/s41560-024-01630-7
Elizabeth Doris
Clean energy presents opportunities to reduce poverty and improve air quality on federally recognized indigenous land in the continental United States. Analysis now provides a step change in our understanding of the potential benefits of renewable power development on reservation lands, increasing our understanding towards equitable energy transition.
{"title":"Refining Native American clean-energy opportunities","authors":"Elizabeth Doris","doi":"10.1038/s41560-024-01630-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41560-024-01630-7","url":null,"abstract":"Clean energy presents opportunities to reduce poverty and improve air quality on federally recognized indigenous land in the continental United States. Analysis now provides a step change in our understanding of the potential benefits of renewable power development on reservation lands, increasing our understanding towards equitable energy transition.","PeriodicalId":19073,"journal":{"name":"Nature Energy","volume":"329 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142235203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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