Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00691-0
Corrine Ying Xuan Chua, Miguel Jimenez, Maedeh Mozneb, Giovanni Traverso, Ray Lugo, Arun Sharma, Clive N. Svendsen, William R. Wagner, Robert Langer, Alessandro Grattoni
The medical risks of spaceflight are amplified as humans venture into longer-duration and greater-distance deep space voyages. During space missions, astronauts face the extremes of known health hazards, such as cosmic radiation and microgravity, as well as threats of the as-yet-unknown. For these missions to be productive and successful, ensuring the astronauts’ safety and well-being is of foremost priority, and this could be achieved through innovations in space medicine. This Perspective explores the use of material technologies for delivery of space medicine in the context of health maintenance and preventive care, as well as treatment for non-emergency and emergency needs. We highlight innovative drug delivery systems, living pharmacies, regenerative medicine, and 3D printing and bioprinting approaches for health-care provision, and we share our vision on their potential applications in space. Finally, we discuss the benefits of space medicine research and its implications for advancing terrestrial health care. Space exploration amplifies medical risks to human health. Innovation in space medicine, drug delivery, regenerative medicine and 3D printing is key for astronaut health. This Perspective explores advanced material technologies for space health care and their applicability to terrestrial medicine.
{"title":"Advanced material technologies for space and terrestrial medicine","authors":"Corrine Ying Xuan Chua, Miguel Jimenez, Maedeh Mozneb, Giovanni Traverso, Ray Lugo, Arun Sharma, Clive N. Svendsen, William R. Wagner, Robert Langer, Alessandro Grattoni","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00691-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00691-0","url":null,"abstract":"The medical risks of spaceflight are amplified as humans venture into longer-duration and greater-distance deep space voyages. During space missions, astronauts face the extremes of known health hazards, such as cosmic radiation and microgravity, as well as threats of the as-yet-unknown. For these missions to be productive and successful, ensuring the astronauts’ safety and well-being is of foremost priority, and this could be achieved through innovations in space medicine. This Perspective explores the use of material technologies for delivery of space medicine in the context of health maintenance and preventive care, as well as treatment for non-emergency and emergency needs. We highlight innovative drug delivery systems, living pharmacies, regenerative medicine, and 3D printing and bioprinting approaches for health-care provision, and we share our vision on their potential applications in space. Finally, we discuss the benefits of space medicine research and its implications for advancing terrestrial health care. Space exploration amplifies medical risks to human health. Innovation in space medicine, drug delivery, regenerative medicine and 3D printing is key for astronaut health. This Perspective explores advanced material technologies for space health care and their applicability to terrestrial medicine.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 11","pages":"808-821"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-31DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00682-1
Kevin P. Nuckolls, Ali Yazdani
Contemporary quantum materials research is guided by themes of topology and electronic correlations. A confluence of these two themes is engineered in moiré materials, an emerging class of highly tunable, strongly correlated 2D materials designed by the rotational or lattice misalignment of atomically thin crystals. In moiré materials, dominant Coulomb interactions among electrons give rise to collective electronic phases, often with robust topological properties. Identifying the mechanisms responsible for these exotic phases is fundamental to our understanding of strongly interacting quantum systems and to our ability to engineer new material properties for potential future technological applications. In this Review, we highlight the contributions of local spectroscopic, thermodynamic and electromagnetic probes to the budding field of moiré materials research. These techniques have not only identified many of the underlying mechanisms of the correlated insulators, generalized Wigner crystals, unconventional superconductors, moiré ferroelectrics and topological orbital ferromagnets found in moiré materials, but have also uncovered fragile quantum phases that have evaded spatially averaged global probes. Furthermore, we highlight recently developed local probe techniques, including local charge sensing and quantum interference probes, that have uncovered new physical observables in moiré materials. Moiré materials are an emerging class of strongly correlated quantum materials designed by the rotational or lattice misalignment of 2D crystals. This Review discusses how local probe techniques are uniquely positioned to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms underlying the electronic phases in moiré materials.
{"title":"A microscopic perspective on moiré materials","authors":"Kevin P. Nuckolls, Ali Yazdani","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00682-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00682-1","url":null,"abstract":"Contemporary quantum materials research is guided by themes of topology and electronic correlations. A confluence of these two themes is engineered in moiré materials, an emerging class of highly tunable, strongly correlated 2D materials designed by the rotational or lattice misalignment of atomically thin crystals. In moiré materials, dominant Coulomb interactions among electrons give rise to collective electronic phases, often with robust topological properties. Identifying the mechanisms responsible for these exotic phases is fundamental to our understanding of strongly interacting quantum systems and to our ability to engineer new material properties for potential future technological applications. In this Review, we highlight the contributions of local spectroscopic, thermodynamic and electromagnetic probes to the budding field of moiré materials research. These techniques have not only identified many of the underlying mechanisms of the correlated insulators, generalized Wigner crystals, unconventional superconductors, moiré ferroelectrics and topological orbital ferromagnets found in moiré materials, but have also uncovered fragile quantum phases that have evaded spatially averaged global probes. Furthermore, we highlight recently developed local probe techniques, including local charge sensing and quantum interference probes, that have uncovered new physical observables in moiré materials. Moiré materials are an emerging class of strongly correlated quantum materials designed by the rotational or lattice misalignment of 2D crystals. This Review discusses how local probe techniques are uniquely positioned to elucidate the microscopic mechanisms underlying the electronic phases in moiré materials.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 7","pages":"460-480"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141182487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00688-9
Dario Floreano, Bokeon Kwak, Markéta Pankhurst, Jun Shintake, Mario Caironi, Valerio F. Annese, Qiukai Qi, Jonathan Rossiter, Remko M. Boom
Edible robots and robotic food — edible systems that perceive, process and act upon stimulation — could open a new range of opportunities in health care, environmental management and the promotion of healthier eating habits. For example, they could enable precise drug delivery and in vivo health monitoring, deliver autonomously targeted nutrition in emergency situations, reduce waste in farming, facilitate wild animal vaccination and produce novel gastronomical experiences. Here, we take a robot designer perspective to identify edible materials that could serve as functional components of edible robots and robotic food, such as bodies, actuators, sensors, and computational components and energy sources, describe recent examples of integration, and discuss the open challenges in the field. Edible robots and robotic food that perceive, process and react to stimuli offer opportunities to develop new medical applications, emergency food-delivery systems, waste-reduction strategies in farming and novel gastronomic experiences. This Perspective surveys edible materials that can be used to manufacture robotic components and discusses examples of edible robots and robotic food.
{"title":"Towards edible robots and robotic food","authors":"Dario Floreano, Bokeon Kwak, Markéta Pankhurst, Jun Shintake, Mario Caironi, Valerio F. Annese, Qiukai Qi, Jonathan Rossiter, Remko M. Boom","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00688-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00688-9","url":null,"abstract":"Edible robots and robotic food — edible systems that perceive, process and act upon stimulation — could open a new range of opportunities in health care, environmental management and the promotion of healthier eating habits. For example, they could enable precise drug delivery and in vivo health monitoring, deliver autonomously targeted nutrition in emergency situations, reduce waste in farming, facilitate wild animal vaccination and produce novel gastronomical experiences. Here, we take a robot designer perspective to identify edible materials that could serve as functional components of edible robots and robotic food, such as bodies, actuators, sensors, and computational components and energy sources, describe recent examples of integration, and discuss the open challenges in the field. Edible robots and robotic food that perceive, process and react to stimuli offer opportunities to develop new medical applications, emergency food-delivery systems, waste-reduction strategies in farming and novel gastronomic experiences. This Perspective surveys edible materials that can be used to manufacture robotic components and discusses examples of edible robots and robotic food.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 8","pages":"589-599"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141165279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00684-z
Fatima Hameedat, Bárbara B. Mendes, João Conniot, Leonardo D. Di Filippo, Marlus Chorilli, Avi Schroeder, João Conde, Flávia Sousa
Glioblastoma is a lethal brain cancer with treatment resistance stemming from its interactions with the surrounding microenvironment and obstacles such as the blood–brain barrier. Conventional therapies such as surgery and chemotherapy have shown limited efficacy, whereas immunotherapies, effective in other solid cancers, face obstacles in glioblastoma owing to its unique immunological dysfunction. Despite the development of peptide, neoantigen, cell-based and mRNA-based vaccines, progress to advanced clinical trials has been sluggish. Factors contributing to this slow progress include the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumour, the presence of the blood–brain barrier and the inherent instability of glioblastoma vaccines, collectively hindering treatment efficacy. In this context, nanomaterials have emerged as promising owing to their capacity to cross the blood–brain barrier, shield therapeutics from degradation and efficiently target the brain. In this Perspective, we highlight the development of glioblastoma nanovaccination, discussing strategies for nanoparticle engineering to breach the blood–brain barrier and target both immune and glioblastoma cells, paving the way for potential breakthroughs in glioblastoma treatment. Developing vaccines for glioblastoma remains challenging owing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumour and the presence of the blood–brain barrier. In this Perspective, we explore how nanomaterials can be tailored to address the limitations of glioblastoma vaccination, potentially paving the way for important advancements.
{"title":"Engineering nanomaterials for glioblastoma nanovaccination","authors":"Fatima Hameedat, Bárbara B. Mendes, João Conniot, Leonardo D. Di Filippo, Marlus Chorilli, Avi Schroeder, João Conde, Flávia Sousa","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00684-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00684-z","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma is a lethal brain cancer with treatment resistance stemming from its interactions with the surrounding microenvironment and obstacles such as the blood–brain barrier. Conventional therapies such as surgery and chemotherapy have shown limited efficacy, whereas immunotherapies, effective in other solid cancers, face obstacles in glioblastoma owing to its unique immunological dysfunction. Despite the development of peptide, neoantigen, cell-based and mRNA-based vaccines, progress to advanced clinical trials has been sluggish. Factors contributing to this slow progress include the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumour, the presence of the blood–brain barrier and the inherent instability of glioblastoma vaccines, collectively hindering treatment efficacy. In this context, nanomaterials have emerged as promising owing to their capacity to cross the blood–brain barrier, shield therapeutics from degradation and efficiently target the brain. In this Perspective, we highlight the development of glioblastoma nanovaccination, discussing strategies for nanoparticle engineering to breach the blood–brain barrier and target both immune and glioblastoma cells, paving the way for potential breakthroughs in glioblastoma treatment. Developing vaccines for glioblastoma remains challenging owing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment of the tumour and the presence of the blood–brain barrier. In this Perspective, we explore how nanomaterials can be tailored to address the limitations of glioblastoma vaccination, potentially paving the way for important advancements.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 9","pages":"628-642"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141092146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00692-z
Charlotte Allard
An article in Science presents the design of a hydrogel with n-type semiconducting properties.
科学》杂志上的一篇文章介绍了一种具有 n 型半导体特性的水凝胶的设计。
{"title":"Making electronic circuits with hydrogels","authors":"Charlotte Allard","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00692-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00692-z","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Science presents the design of a hydrogel with n-type semiconducting properties.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 6","pages":"379-379"},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141073892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00678-x
Qi Jiang, Kai Zhu
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that have a positive–intrinsic–negative (p–i–n, or often referred to as inverted) structure are becoming increasingly attractive for commercialization owing to their rapid increase in power conversion efficiency, easily scalable fabrication, reliable operation and compatibility with various perovskite-based tandem device configurations. Here, we review key material and device considerations for making highly efficient and stable p–i–n PSCs. First, we summarize key advances in charge transport materials, which were critical to the rapid power conversion efficiency progress. Second, we discuss promising perovskite compositions and fabrication methods. We highlight various additive engineering approaches to improve the perovskite layer as well as interface engineering strategies that target either the buried or top perovskite surface layer. Third, we review progress in tandem devices, focusing on optimization of the interconnection layer. Next, we summarize the status and strategies for improving p–i–n PSC stability, especially considering the challenges of outdoor applications. We also provide prospects for future research directions and challenges. Inverted (p–i–n) perovskite solar cells are promising candidates for real-life applications. This Review discusses the current status of this technology, key strategies for stability and efficiency improvements — from the materials selection to interface engineering and device construction — and future outlooks.
{"title":"Rapid advances enabling high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells","authors":"Qi Jiang, Kai Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00678-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00678-x","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) that have a positive–intrinsic–negative (p–i–n, or often referred to as inverted) structure are becoming increasingly attractive for commercialization owing to their rapid increase in power conversion efficiency, easily scalable fabrication, reliable operation and compatibility with various perovskite-based tandem device configurations. Here, we review key material and device considerations for making highly efficient and stable p–i–n PSCs. First, we summarize key advances in charge transport materials, which were critical to the rapid power conversion efficiency progress. Second, we discuss promising perovskite compositions and fabrication methods. We highlight various additive engineering approaches to improve the perovskite layer as well as interface engineering strategies that target either the buried or top perovskite surface layer. Third, we review progress in tandem devices, focusing on optimization of the interconnection layer. Next, we summarize the status and strategies for improving p–i–n PSC stability, especially considering the challenges of outdoor applications. We also provide prospects for future research directions and challenges. Inverted (p–i–n) perovskite solar cells are promising candidates for real-life applications. This Review discusses the current status of this technology, key strategies for stability and efficiency improvements — from the materials selection to interface engineering and device construction — and future outlooks.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 6","pages":"399-419"},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140953932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00690-1
Guillaume F. Nataf, Sebastian Volz, Jose Ordonez-Miranda, Jorge Íñiguez-González, Riccardo Rurali, Brahim Dkhil
One of the most innovative possibilities offered by oxides is the use of heat currents for computational purposes. Towards this goal, phase-change oxides, including ferroelectrics, ferromagnets and related materials, could reproduce sources, logic units and memories used in current and future computing schemes.
{"title":"Using oxides to compute with heat","authors":"Guillaume F. Nataf, Sebastian Volz, Jose Ordonez-Miranda, Jorge Íñiguez-González, Riccardo Rurali, Brahim Dkhil","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00690-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00690-1","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most innovative possibilities offered by oxides is the use of heat currents for computational purposes. Towards this goal, phase-change oxides, including ferroelectrics, ferromagnets and related materials, could reproduce sources, logic units and memories used in current and future computing schemes.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 8","pages":"530-531"},"PeriodicalIF":79.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140953569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00679-w
Wentao Xiang, Yongyu Lu, Hongzhang Wang, Xuyang Sun, Sen Chen, Zhizhu He, Jing Liu
Magnetic fluids, suspensions of magnetic particles in carrier liquids like water, oil or organic solvents, combine magnetic properties with fluidity to achieve features such as rapid magnetic response, reversible viscosity, and tunable thermal and optical properties. However, these carriers tend to have low densities and boiling points, affecting the suspension stability and working temperature range of magnetic fluids. Using liquid metals — which have high densities, boiling points and chemical stability in addition to excellent conductivity — as the carrier liquid can not only overcome these issues but also make the resulting liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids (LMMFs) highly conductive, substantially expanding the functions of magnetic fluids. Furthermore, LMMFs behave in complex yet versatile ways owing to synergies between the electrical conduction of the liquid metal and the magnetism of the suspended particles. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of LMMFs, beginning with their fabrication methods and an interpretation of their suspension stability. We summarize the properties and applications of LMMFs, highlighting their superiority over traditional magnetic fluids. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of these materials. Liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids exhibit rich electromagnetic, thermofluidic behaviours, leading to emerging applications in soft robotics, stretchable electronics, energy management and biomedical technology. This Review covers the fabrication, properties and applications of liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids, highlighting their superiority over traditional magnetic fluids.
{"title":"Liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids","authors":"Wentao Xiang, Yongyu Lu, Hongzhang Wang, Xuyang Sun, Sen Chen, Zhizhu He, Jing Liu","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00679-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00679-w","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic fluids, suspensions of magnetic particles in carrier liquids like water, oil or organic solvents, combine magnetic properties with fluidity to achieve features such as rapid magnetic response, reversible viscosity, and tunable thermal and optical properties. However, these carriers tend to have low densities and boiling points, affecting the suspension stability and working temperature range of magnetic fluids. Using liquid metals — which have high densities, boiling points and chemical stability in addition to excellent conductivity — as the carrier liquid can not only overcome these issues but also make the resulting liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids (LMMFs) highly conductive, substantially expanding the functions of magnetic fluids. Furthermore, LMMFs behave in complex yet versatile ways owing to synergies between the electrical conduction of the liquid metal and the magnetism of the suspended particles. This Review provides a comprehensive overview of LMMFs, beginning with their fabrication methods and an interpretation of their suspension stability. We summarize the properties and applications of LMMFs, highlighting their superiority over traditional magnetic fluids. Finally, we discuss the challenges and prospects of these materials. Liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids exhibit rich electromagnetic, thermofluidic behaviours, leading to emerging applications in soft robotics, stretchable electronics, energy management and biomedical technology. This Review covers the fabrication, properties and applications of liquid-metal-based magnetic fluids, highlighting their superiority over traditional magnetic fluids.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 6","pages":"433-449"},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140924984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00677-y
Stephen D. Wilson, Brenden R. Ortiz
The recent discovery of the AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) kagome superconductors launched a growing field of research investigating the interplay between superconductivity and charge-density wave order in kagome metals. Specifically, the AV3Sb5 family of materials naturally exhibits a Fermi level close to the Van Hove singularities associated with the saddle points formed from the prototypical kagome band structure. The charge-density wave and superconducting states that form within the kagome networks of these compounds exhibit a number of anomalous properties reminiscent of theoretical predictions of exotic states in kagome metals tuned close to their Van Hove fillings. In this Review, we discuss the key structural and electronic features of AV3Sb5 compounds and survey the status of investigations of their unconventional electronic phase transitions. The family of AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors provides a fascinating platform for the investigation of the interplay between superconductivity and charge-density wave order. This Review discusses the properties of the anomalous charge-density wave and superconducting states observed in these materials and surveys future directions in the study of these and related kagome metals.
{"title":"AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors","authors":"Stephen D. Wilson, Brenden R. Ortiz","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00677-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00677-y","url":null,"abstract":"The recent discovery of the AV3Sb5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) kagome superconductors launched a growing field of research investigating the interplay between superconductivity and charge-density wave order in kagome metals. Specifically, the AV3Sb5 family of materials naturally exhibits a Fermi level close to the Van Hove singularities associated with the saddle points formed from the prototypical kagome band structure. The charge-density wave and superconducting states that form within the kagome networks of these compounds exhibit a number of anomalous properties reminiscent of theoretical predictions of exotic states in kagome metals tuned close to their Van Hove fillings. In this Review, we discuss the key structural and electronic features of AV3Sb5 compounds and survey the status of investigations of their unconventional electronic phase transitions. The family of AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors provides a fascinating platform for the investigation of the interplay between superconductivity and charge-density wave order. This Review discusses the properties of the anomalous charge-density wave and superconducting states observed in these materials and surveys future directions in the study of these and related kagome metals.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 6","pages":"420-432"},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140903026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1038/s41578-024-00689-8
Joseph Manion, Benoît H. Lessard
Developing circuits for flexible and stretchable devices demands not only high performance but also reliable and predictable components, such as organic thin-film transistors. High-throughput characterization is required to build reliable structure–property relationships, which are critical for the commercialization of new materials.
{"title":"High-throughput characterization is key to report reliable organic thin-film transistor performance","authors":"Joseph Manion, Benoît H. Lessard","doi":"10.1038/s41578-024-00689-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-024-00689-8","url":null,"abstract":"Developing circuits for flexible and stretchable devices demands not only high performance but also reliable and predictable components, such as organic thin-film transistors. High-throughput characterization is required to build reliable structure–property relationships, which are critical for the commercialization of new materials.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"9 6","pages":"377-378"},"PeriodicalIF":83.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140895595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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