Pub Date : 2025-05-01DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00798-y
Jing Zhang , Zhe Cheng , Pengju Li , Bozhi Tian
Spatiotemporal resolution is a cornerstone of bioelectronics, enabling precise observation and control of biological events at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. In this Review, we analyse recent advancements in spatiotemporal resolution essential for applications such as neuroprosthetics, cardiac monitoring and biosensing, with a focus on devices utilizing electrical, electrochemical and optoelectronic signal transduction. We define the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of spatial and temporal resolution and highlight high-performance materials and device architectures — including electrodes, transistors and optoelectronic interfaces — that drive these capabilities. Strategies such as device miniaturization, 3D fabrication and multifunctional integration are evaluated for their capacity to improve resolution, particularly within the complex microenvironments of biological tissues. However, challenges persist, including signal interference, device stability and the demand for reliable long-term operation. Overcoming these obstacles requires continuous innovation in materials science, device engineering and computational approaches. Enhanced spatiotemporal resolution holds promise for advancing diagnostic precision, therapeutic responsiveness and our understanding of dynamic biological systems across biomedical disciplines. High spatiotemporal resolution is essential for next-generation bioelectronics, enabling precise biological monitoring and control. This Review highlights recent advances in electrical, electrochemical and optoelectronic devices, discussing key materials, architectures and strategies to enhance resolution and address critical biomedical challenges.
{"title":"Materials and device strategies to enhance spatiotemporal resolution in bioelectronics","authors":"Jing Zhang \u0000 , Zhe Cheng \u0000 , Pengju Li \u0000 , Bozhi Tian","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00798-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00798-y","url":null,"abstract":"Spatiotemporal resolution is a cornerstone of bioelectronics, enabling precise observation and control of biological events at the molecular, cellular and tissue levels. In this Review, we analyse recent advancements in spatiotemporal resolution essential for applications such as neuroprosthetics, cardiac monitoring and biosensing, with a focus on devices utilizing electrical, electrochemical and optoelectronic signal transduction. We define the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of spatial and temporal resolution and highlight high-performance materials and device architectures — including electrodes, transistors and optoelectronic interfaces — that drive these capabilities. Strategies such as device miniaturization, 3D fabrication and multifunctional integration are evaluated for their capacity to improve resolution, particularly within the complex microenvironments of biological tissues. However, challenges persist, including signal interference, device stability and the demand for reliable long-term operation. Overcoming these obstacles requires continuous innovation in materials science, device engineering and computational approaches. Enhanced spatiotemporal resolution holds promise for advancing diagnostic precision, therapeutic responsiveness and our understanding of dynamic biological systems across biomedical disciplines. High spatiotemporal resolution is essential for next-generation bioelectronics, enabling precise biological monitoring and control. This Review highlights recent advances in electrical, electrochemical and optoelectronic devices, discussing key materials, architectures and strategies to enhance resolution and address critical biomedical challenges.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 6","pages":"425-448"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143893736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-30DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00802-5
Vinay Yadav, Xunchang Fei, Mohit Arora, Tim H. M. van Emmerik, Yao Wang, Alexis Laurent
Ongoing plastics losses to marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems continue to exacerbate the global environmental crisis. Variations in data, methods and assumptions across studies have led to inconsistent estimates of plastics losses and their ecological impacts. These estimates must now be improved to develop and deliver effective interventions.
{"title":"Gaps in quantifying environmental losses of plastics impede effective solutions","authors":"Vinay Yadav, Xunchang Fei, Mohit Arora, Tim H. M. van Emmerik, Yao Wang, Alexis Laurent","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00802-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00802-5","url":null,"abstract":"Ongoing plastics losses to marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems continue to exacerbate the global environmental crisis. Variations in data, methods and assumptions across studies have led to inconsistent estimates of plastics losses and their ecological impacts. These estimates must now be improved to develop and deliver effective interventions.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"717-719"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143889356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00806-1
Charlotte Allard
An article in Nature Communications presents a hydrogel with a reinforced macroporous structure designed to guide stem cell differentiation.
《自然通讯》上的一篇文章介绍了一种具有增强大孔结构的水凝胶，用于引导干细胞分化。
{"title":"Shell-reinforced macroporous hydrogels for bone repair","authors":"Charlotte Allard","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00806-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00806-1","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Communications presents a hydrogel with a reinforced macroporous structure designed to guide stem cell differentiation.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 5","pages":"333-333"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00801-6
Jingjing Han, Martin Fussenegger
Synthetic biology aims to use interchangeable and independent components to develop specialized systems within cellular and cell-free environments to reconfigure natural genetic systems and create innovative tools for biomedicine and industry. Supramolecular nanocatalysts, which use various mechanisms to enhance catalytic reactions, are being explored as components of synthetic gene circuits to optimize metabolic pathways. In this Review, we discuss progress in the incorporation of supramolecular nanocatalysts into cellular systems. We focus on their design, the types of interactions that serve to maintain their supramolecular structure and especially their integration into mammalian cells, as exemplified by actual and potential applications for energy production, energy conversion and novel therapeutics. We also discuss the interactions between supramolecular nanocatalysts and cellular components in metabolic processes and the potential of such combined systems to underpin future breakthroughs in biotechnology and medicine. Supramolecular nanocatalysts, composed of peptides, chemicals and/or biogenic inorganics, mimic enzymes and offer affordable, precise medicines of the future. This Review explores their role in programming mammalian metabolism and their potential for therapeutic applications.
{"title":"Designing supramolecular catalytic systems for mammalian synthetic metabolism","authors":"Jingjing Han, Martin Fussenegger","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00801-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00801-6","url":null,"abstract":"Synthetic biology aims to use interchangeable and independent components to develop specialized systems within cellular and cell-free environments to reconfigure natural genetic systems and create innovative tools for biomedicine and industry. Supramolecular nanocatalysts, which use various mechanisms to enhance catalytic reactions, are being explored as components of synthetic gene circuits to optimize metabolic pathways. In this Review, we discuss progress in the incorporation of supramolecular nanocatalysts into cellular systems. We focus on their design, the types of interactions that serve to maintain their supramolecular structure and especially their integration into mammalian cells, as exemplified by actual and potential applications for energy production, energy conversion and novel therapeutics. We also discuss the interactions between supramolecular nanocatalysts and cellular components in metabolic processes and the potential of such combined systems to underpin future breakthroughs in biotechnology and medicine. Supramolecular nanocatalysts, composed of peptides, chemicals and/or biogenic inorganics, mimic enzymes and offer affordable, precise medicines of the future. This Review explores their role in programming mammalian metabolism and their potential for therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 8","pages":"584-603"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-29DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00805-2
Ariane Vartanian
An article in Nature Chemistry reports a library of block polymers that can form stabilizing membranes around all kinds of synthetic coacervates and biomolecular condensates.
{"title":"Stabilizing condensates and coacervates all the same","authors":"Ariane Vartanian","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00805-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00805-2","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Chemistry reports a library of block polymers that can form stabilizing membranes around all kinds of synthetic coacervates and biomolecular condensates.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 5","pages":"334-334"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143884897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-28DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00807-0
Giulia Pacchioni
A paper in Science reports the use of a dissociative network design that results in 3D-printable polymers with good mechanical properties that can be fully recycled without loss of functionality.
{"title":"3D-printable photopolymers get fully recyclable","authors":"Giulia Pacchioni","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00807-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00807-0","url":null,"abstract":"A paper in Science reports the use of a dissociative network design that results in 3D-printable polymers with good mechanical properties that can be fully recycled without loss of functionality.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 5","pages":"332-332"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143880610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-14DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00793-3
Sarah K. Yorke, Zhenze Yang, Elizabeth G. Wiita, Ayaka Kamada, Tuomas P. J. Knowles, Markus J. Buehler
Some of the highest-performance materials in nature, including spider silk and collagen, are formed through protein self-assembly. These natural materials, which combine function, performance and assembly under mild aqueous conditions, have inspired a generation of technologically useful biomaterials that use natural proteins as the molecular building blocks. The shift from oil-based feedstocks towards renewable materials has accelerated the search for plastic replacements and has stimulated work in the two major classes of abundant natural polymers, proteins and polysaccharides. Whereas polysaccharides are already used in areas from packaging to structural applications, the unique properties of proteins have not yet been fully harnessed for renewable materials. Advances over the past 15 years have highlighted the promise of protein systems for high-performance applications, enabled by a fundamental understanding of polypeptide self-assembly, emerging computational methods such as artificial intelligence, feedstocks, and materials processing. In this Review, we highlight developments in this area and provide a perspective on the potential of this important class of molecules in both fundamental materials science and sustainability. Protein-based materials, formed through self-assembly, are gaining traction as technologically useful biomaterials. This Review surveys the design, assembly, mechanical properties, sourcing and processing of polypeptide materials, with a focus on their application as sustainable plastic alternatives.
{"title":"Design and sustainability of polypeptide material systems","authors":"Sarah K. Yorke, Zhenze Yang, Elizabeth G. Wiita, Ayaka Kamada, Tuomas P. J. Knowles, Markus J. Buehler","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00793-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00793-3","url":null,"abstract":"Some of the highest-performance materials in nature, including spider silk and collagen, are formed through protein self-assembly. These natural materials, which combine function, performance and assembly under mild aqueous conditions, have inspired a generation of technologically useful biomaterials that use natural proteins as the molecular building blocks. The shift from oil-based feedstocks towards renewable materials has accelerated the search for plastic replacements and has stimulated work in the two major classes of abundant natural polymers, proteins and polysaccharides. Whereas polysaccharides are already used in areas from packaging to structural applications, the unique properties of proteins have not yet been fully harnessed for renewable materials. Advances over the past 15 years have highlighted the promise of protein systems for high-performance applications, enabled by a fundamental understanding of polypeptide self-assembly, emerging computational methods such as artificial intelligence, feedstocks, and materials processing. In this Review, we highlight developments in this area and provide a perspective on the potential of this important class of molecules in both fundamental materials science and sustainability. Protein-based materials, formed through self-assembly, are gaining traction as technologically useful biomaterials. This Review surveys the design, assembly, mechanical properties, sourcing and processing of polypeptide materials, with a focus on their application as sustainable plastic alternatives.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 10","pages":"750-768"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00792-4
Ni Yang , Shaoqing Zhang , Yong Cui , Jianqiu Wang , Shuohan Cheng , Jianhui Hou
The development of low-cost and high-performance organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials is currently a major focus of research in the OPV field because the material costs of state-of-the-art OPV cells are prohibitive for industrialization. When analysing state-of-the-art OPV materials, including polymer electron donors and small-molecule electron acceptors, the main prerequisites for high photovoltaic performance, including optoelectronic and morphological properties, are quite clear. However, low-cost materials, consisting of simpler building blocks with fewer chemical substitution positions, present challenges in simultaneously obtaining desirable optoelectronic and morphological properties. In this Review, we first summarize key factors in the molecular design of high-performance OPV materials. Subsequently, we discuss research progress and challenges faced in the molecular design of low-cost materials. Finally, we outline key thoughts and insights related to the molecular design of future low-cost OPV materials with a focus on efficiency and stability. The development of low-cost and high-performance organic photovoltaic materials is critical for the industrialization of organic photovoltaic technology. This Review discusses the key structural features of high-performance materials, summarizes advancements in low-cost donors and acceptors and outlines future molecular design strategies.
{"title":"Molecular design for low-cost organic photovoltaic materials","authors":"Ni Yang \u0000 , Shaoqing Zhang \u0000 , Yong Cui \u0000 , Jianqiu Wang \u0000 , Shuohan Cheng \u0000 , Jianhui Hou","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00792-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00792-4","url":null,"abstract":"The development of low-cost and high-performance organic photovoltaic (OPV) materials is currently a major focus of research in the OPV field because the material costs of state-of-the-art OPV cells are prohibitive for industrialization. When analysing state-of-the-art OPV materials, including polymer electron donors and small-molecule electron acceptors, the main prerequisites for high photovoltaic performance, including optoelectronic and morphological properties, are quite clear. However, low-cost materials, consisting of simpler building blocks with fewer chemical substitution positions, present challenges in simultaneously obtaining desirable optoelectronic and morphological properties. In this Review, we first summarize key factors in the molecular design of high-performance OPV materials. Subsequently, we discuss research progress and challenges faced in the molecular design of low-cost materials. Finally, we outline key thoughts and insights related to the molecular design of future low-cost OPV materials with a focus on efficiency and stability. The development of low-cost and high-performance organic photovoltaic materials is critical for the industrialization of organic photovoltaic technology. This Review discusses the key structural features of high-performance materials, summarizes advancements in low-cost donors and acceptors and outlines future molecular design strategies.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 6","pages":"404-424"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-04DOI: 10.1038/s41578-025-00797-z
Baodong Wang, Guoxing Chen, Yang Dong, Heng Guo, Marc Widenmeyer, Zeai Huang, Ying Zhou, Anke Weidenkaff
The rapid expansion of wind farms has led to a growing challenge: the escalating accumulation of decommissioned wind turbine blades in landfills. Addressing this issue through innovative recycling and reuse strategies is pivotal to advancing a circular economy within the wind energy sector.
{"title":"Wind turbine blade recycling for greener and sustainable wind energy","authors":"Baodong Wang, Guoxing Chen, Yang Dong, Heng Guo, Marc Widenmeyer, Zeai Huang, Ying Zhou, Anke Weidenkaff","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00797-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00797-z","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of wind farms has led to a growing challenge: the escalating accumulation of decommissioned wind turbine blades in landfills. Addressing this issue through innovative recycling and reuse strategies is pivotal to advancing a circular economy within the wind energy sector.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 5","pages":"330-331"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), or ‘forever chemicals’, are persistent global pollutants that require efficient sorbents for removal. We propose a minimum data standard that should be reported for any new PFAS sorbent, aiming to enhance reproducibility, facilitate quantitative sorbent comparisons and accelerate PFAS removal technologies.
{"title":"New sorbents for removing forever chemicals need standardized reporting","authors":"Zicheng Su, Zhuojing Yang, Kehan Liu, Chunrong Yu, Jianhua Guo, Cheng Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s41578-025-00795-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s41578-025-00795-1","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), or ‘forever chemicals’, are persistent global pollutants that require efficient sorbents for removal. We propose a minimum data standard that should be reported for any new PFAS sorbent, aiming to enhance reproducibility, facilitate quantitative sorbent comparisons and accelerate PFAS removal technologies.","PeriodicalId":19081,"journal":{"name":"Nature Reviews Materials","volume":"10 5","pages":"327-329"},"PeriodicalIF":86.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143723988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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