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Faking, optimising and conceding to power: Social movement understandings of social media power 伪造、优化和向权力让步:社会运动对社交媒体权力的理解
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241266769
Irene Blum, Julie Uldam
This article examines how social movement actors understand the role of social media in their activism. Concerns about commercialisation, individualisation and surveillance have replaced much optimism about the potential of social media for progressive activism. Therefore, we examine social movement actors’ theories and assumptions about social media, focusing on climate activism and criticism of unsustainable corporate practices. Theoretically, we draw on social imaginaries to develop the concept of media practices to consist of three dimensions: doing, knowing and assuming. Empirically, we draw on interviews with media and communication managers from the climate movement, including Greenpeace, Extinction Rebellion and the World Wildlife Foundation. We show that social movement actors’ media practices are characterised by theories of faking power, optimising power and conceding to power, which are underpinned by a social media imaginary of commercial logics.
本文探讨了社会运动参与者如何理解社交媒体在其活动中的作用。对商业化、个人化和监控的担忧取代了对社交媒体在进步活动中的潜力的乐观态度。因此,我们研究了社会运动参与者对社交媒体的理论和假设,重点关注气候行动主义和对不可持续的企业行为的批评。从理论上讲,我们借鉴社会想象,提出了媒体实践的概念,包括三个方面:行动、认知和假设。在实证研究方面,我们通过对绿色和平组织、灭绝反叛组织和世界野生动物基金会等气候运动的媒体和传播管理者的访谈进行了分析。我们表明,社会运动参与者的媒体实践以伪造权力、优化权力和向权力让步的理论为特征,而这些理论又以商业逻辑的社会媒体想象为基础。
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引用次数: 0
A scoping review of studies on self-tracking for weight management: Social contexts and experiences of a practice 体重管理自我跟踪研究的范围界定综述:社会背景和实践经验
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241260591
Mathilde Huillard, Ilse Hartmann-Tews
The market for self-tracking tools and apps for weight management has been growing over the last two decades. The aim of this scoping review is to identify social science studies that explicitly focus on the actual practices and experiences of users of these tools and the social contexts in which they take place. Searching four databases in April 2021, we identified 15 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2021 in Western countries. The review of the studies shows the ambivalences of the use of self-tracking tools for weight management and especially how the designs and features of the apps frame positive (e.g. through social networks) as well as negative experiences (e.g. through reminder features). It also reveals a lack of in-depth intersectional research with reference to gender, social stratification and country-specific body cultures as well as a need for research to question itself on its fatmisiac assumptions.
过去二十年来,用于体重管理的自我跟踪工具和应用程序的市场一直在增长。本范围界定综述旨在确定明确关注这些工具用户的实际做法和经验及其所处社会环境的社会科学研究。我们搜索了 2021 年 4 月的四个数据库,确定了 2010 年至 2021 年期间在西方国家发表的 15 篇经同行评审的文章。研究综述显示了使用自我跟踪工具进行体重管理的矛盾心理,特别是应用程序的设计和功能如何构建积极(如通过社交网络)和消极(如通过提醒功能)的体验。它还揭示了在性别、社会分层和特定国家的身体文化方面缺乏深入的交叉研究,以及研究需要质疑自己的肥胖假设。
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引用次数: 0
The psychology of volunteer moderators: Tradeoffs between participation, belonging, and norms in online community governance 志愿版主的心理:在线社区管理中参与、归属和规范之间的权衡
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241259028
Beril Bulat, Hannah Wang, Stephen Fujimoto, Seth Frey
Online communities rely on effective governance for success, and volunteer moderators are crucial for ensuring such governance. Despite their significance, much remains to be explored in understanding the relationship between community governance processes and moderators’ psychological experiences. To bridge this gap, we conducted an online survey with over 600 moderators from Reddit communities, exploring the link between different governance strategies and moderators’ needs and motivations. Our investigation reveals a contrast to conventional views on democratic governance within online communities. While participatory processes are associated with higher levels of perceived fairness, they are also linked with reduced feelings of community belonging and lower levels of institutional acceptance among moderators. Our findings challenge the assumption that greater democratic involvement unequivocally leads to positive community outcomes, suggesting instead that more centralized governance approaches can also positively affect moderators’ psychological well-being and, by extension, community cohesion and effectiveness.
网络社区的成功有赖于有效的管理,而志愿版主则是确保这种管理的关键。尽管他们意义重大,但在理解社区治理过程与版主心理体验之间的关系方面仍有许多问题有待探索。为了弥补这一差距,我们对来自 Reddit 社区的 600 多名版主进行了在线调查,探索不同治理策略与版主的需求和动机之间的联系。我们的调查显示,网络社区内的民主治理与传统观点形成了鲜明对比。虽然参与式流程与较高的公平感相关,但也与社区归属感降低和版主对制度的接受程度较低有关。我们的研究结果对 "更多的民主参与会明确带来积极的社区成果 "这一假设提出了质疑,表明更集中的治理方法也会对版主的心理健康产生积极影响,进而影响社区的凝聚力和有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Mary: Religious Mediatization and the Re-Enchantment of a Mega Symbol 数字玛丽:宗教媒介化与巨型符号的再魅力
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241265513
Oren Golan, Nurit Stadler
This study examines how sacred sites and their agents construct the mediatization of Mary. A qualitative analysis of Instagram postings of four European holy sites of the Virgin combined with ethnographic fieldwork identified three primary ways in which webmasters manage Marian sites to amplify her charismatic appeal and inspire awe: (1) Marycentrism: Situating Mary as the all-encompassing focal protagonist that is separate and aggrandized on postings; (2) Enchanting Pragmatism: Imbuing religious symbols in informational and institutional knowledge concerning the Marian site; and (3) Open-Ended Participation: Displaying public events of saint veneration to elicit voluntary communicative acts that engage users with the physical space, and provide a shared experience of the mediatized events leading to a connection with the transcendental. The discussion centers on the ways that mediatization has transformed her icon into a ubiquitous image of a sole mother Goddess while altering represented and in-person worship and rituals.
本研究探讨了圣地及其代理人如何构建玛丽亚的媒介化。通过对欧洲四个圣母玛利亚圣地的 Instagram 贴文进行定性分析,并结合人种学实地调查,发现了网站管理员管理玛利亚圣地以放大其魅力和激发敬畏之情的三种主要方式:(1)玛利亚中心主义:将玛丽亚定位为无所不包的焦点主角,在帖子中将其独立出来并加以夸大;(2) 魅力实用主义:(3) 开放式参与:展示公众瞻仰圣人的活动,以激发用户与物理空间的自愿交流行为,并提供媒体化活动的共同体验,从而与超验的事物建立联系。讨论的中心是,媒介化如何将圣母圣像转变为无处不在的唯一女神形象,同时又如何改变人们所代表的和亲身参与的崇拜和仪式。
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引用次数: 0
Opportunity structures for user acceptance of news recommender systems (NRS): A multi-country survey study of relationships between individual-level factors and evaluations of NRS 用户接受新闻推荐系统(NRS)的机会结构:关于个人因素与 NRS 评价之间关系的多国调查研究
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241263765
Edina Strikovic, Sina Blassnig, Eliza Mitova, Aleksandra Urman, Frank Esser, Claes de Vreese
Digitalization of the media is often discussed in terms of effects on the user. What is often overlooked are the motivations from users, on the individual level, for the acceptance of new technologies. This study explores what individual-level factors make up favorable opportunity structures for the implementation of news recommender systems (NRS). We conduct a cross-sectional survey ( n = 5073) in five countries (The Netherlands, Switzerland, Poland, the United Kingdom, and the United States) to analyze the correlations between users’ individual-level factors and their evaluations of NRS in terms of benefits and concerns. Our findings demonstrate universally critical evaluations of NRS and less-than-ideal conditions for the acceptance of NRS. We also show that while there are patterns of country differences, the perceived concerns of NRS are stronger overall and largely universal. Implications of these findings suggest a slow and intentional development and implementation of NRS rather than keeping pace with the fast development of technology.
媒体数字化常常从对用户的影响角度进行讨论。但往往被忽视的是用户在个人层面上接受新技术的动机。本研究探讨了哪些个人层面的因素构成了实施新闻推荐系统(NRS)的有利机会结构。我们在五个国家(荷兰、瑞士、波兰、英国和美国)进行了横截面调查(n = 5073),分析了用户个人层面的因素与他们对新闻推荐系统的好处和担忧之间的相关性。我们的研究结果表明,人们对无纸化报告系统的评价普遍持批评态度,而且接受无纸化报告系统的条件并不理想。我们还发现,虽然各国的情况存在差异,但总体而言,人们对 NRS 的担忧更强烈,而且基本上具有普遍性。这些研究结果的影响表明,无纸化报告系统的发展和实施是缓慢而有意的,而不是与技术的快速发展同步。
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引用次数: 0
The quest for meaningful connections: Navigating scripted sexuality on Instagram amid Grindr and Tinder fatigue 寻求有意义的联系:Grindr和Tinder疲劳期,Instagram上的剧本性爱导航
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241266782
Facundo N Suenzo
In the contemporary digital age, the experience of intimacy, sex, and love has been profoundly transformed, in part due to technological transformations. How do individuals navigate the evolving landscape of dating in the digital age to seek meaningful connections? To answer that, I conducted 30 individual, in-depth interviews with queer men in Argentina. Drawing on the conceptual apparatus of the sociology of sexuality and research on social media repertoires, I argue that different platforms elicit specific imaginaries, relationships, and pleasures. While Grindr emphasizes sexual explicitness and anonymity, Tinder offers a more conversational and personal experience. However, scripted and repetitive conversations tend to foster feelings of anxiety, boredom, and fatigue. Thus, many interviewees opt to escape the dating environment to Instagram, a platform that provides them a space for more authentic and pleasant interactions. These findings expand the notion of networked intimacy beyond the realm of dating platforms to social media and messaging apps.
在当代数字时代,亲密关系、性和爱的体验已经发生了深刻的变化,部分原因在于技术的变革。个人如何在数字时代不断变化的约会环境中寻求有意义的联系?为了回答这个问题,我对阿根廷的同性恋男性进行了 30 次深入访谈。借鉴性社会学的概念工具和对社交媒体再现的研究,我认为不同的平台会引发特定的想象、关系和乐趣。Grindr 强调性的明确性和匿名性,而 Tinder 则提供了更多的对话和个人体验。然而,照本宣科和重复的对话往往会让人产生焦虑、无聊和疲劳的感觉。因此,许多受访者选择逃离约会环境,转战 Instagram,这个平台为他们提供了一个更真实、更愉快的互动空间。这些发现将网络亲密关系的概念从约会平台扩展到了社交媒体和信息应用程序。
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引用次数: 0
Being and becoming in the culture of immediacy: An existential-ethical approach 即时性文化中的 "存在 "与 "成为":一种存在论伦理方法
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241267004
Jan Jasper Mathé, Jo Bauwens, Karl Verstrynge
In this article we employ an Interpretative Phenomenological Approach to explore online immediacy from an existential-ethical perspective. While existing literature already accounts for the socio-cultural and psychological impact of constant connectivity, we venture to reveal its underlying existential-ethical implications. Our findings show the often contradictory ways in which young adults cope with the allure of immediate-aesthetic experiences on the one hand, and the challenge of authentic self-development on the other. Ultimately, we advocate for a transformative shift in which online practices are brought in alignment (are relativized) with an existential-ethical view of life. Drawing on Kierkegaard’s existential philosophy of the self, this article underscores the need to transcend the superficiality of immediacy to foster an authentic journey of being and becoming a self in a social environment that is increasingly mediated by online media technologies.
在本文中,我们采用解释现象学方法,从存在伦理的角度探讨网络即时性。虽然现有文献已经阐述了持续连接所带来的社会文化和心理影响,但我们仍要大胆揭示其潜在的存在伦理意义。我们的研究结果表明,一方面是即时审美体验的诱惑,另一方面是真正的自我发展的挑战,年轻人应对这两者的方式往往是相互矛盾的。最终,我们主张进行转变,使在线实践与存在主义伦理人生观相一致(相对化)。本文借鉴克尔凯郭尔(Kierkegaard)关于自我的存在主义哲学,强调有必要超越肤浅的即时性,在日益以网络媒体技术为媒介的社会环境中,促进真实的自我存在和自我成长之旅。
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引用次数: 0
Taming the algorithm: The platform realism of GrabBike delivery workers 驯服算法:GrabBike 送货员的平台现实主义
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241262417
Giang Nguyen-Thu, Luke Munn
How do workers conceptualize a platform’s algorithm and adjust their practices to its logic? To pursue this question, we draw on an ethnography of Grab, the leading rideshare platform in Southeast Asia, composed of 60+ trips talking to drivers on the back of bikes, and 10 in-depth interviews. We identify a distinct set of moves that workers perform to survive on the platform, a strategic cluster of practices we term “taming the algorithm.” These practices appear incompatible or contradictory—a bodily enactment of improvising, scrambling, and enduring that nevertheless is registered by the algorithm as routinized productivity. Even if done successfully, taming does not fundamentally disrupt platform logics, but rather makes exploitation more consistent and predictable. Workers adopt what we term “platform realism,” striving for a bleak but concrete agency that maintains their status. The aim is not to disrupt the system or hack the algorithm, but to live with it.
工作人员如何理解平台的算法,并根据其逻辑调整自己的做法?为了探讨这个问题,我们对东南亚领先的共享单车平台 Grab 进行了人种学研究,包括 60 多次与单车司机的交谈和 10 次深入访谈。我们发现了工人为在平台上生存而采取的一系列独特行动,我们称之为 "驯服算法 "的战略实践集群。这些做法看似互不相容或相互矛盾--即兴、争抢和忍耐的身体表现,却被算法记录为常规化的生产力。即使驯服成功,也不会从根本上破坏平台逻辑,反而会使剥削更加一致和可预测。工人们采取了我们所说的 "平台现实主义",努力争取一种暗淡但具体的机构来维持他们的地位。其目的不是破坏系统或破解算法,而是与之共存。
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引用次数: 0
How youth define, consume, and evaluate news: Reviewing two decades of research 青少年如何定义、消费和评价新闻:回顾二十年的研究
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241262809
Sophie Duvekot, Camila Melícia Valgas, Yael de Haan, Wiebe de Jong
This article offers an overview of 94 scientific studies (published between 2006 and 2022) to examine how young people (ages 10–36) define, consume, and evaluate news. Research on news and youth has exploded over the past decades, but what can we conclude from it, and how should journalism scholars move forward? The systematic literature review reveals that while young people remain interested in news, how they consume it has changed drastically. Social media platforms and algorithms now play a pivotal role in young people’s news consumption. Moreover, due to the overwhelming nature of today’s high-choice digital media landscape, youth engage both actively and passively with news, while sometimes exhibiting avoidance tendencies. The review also demonstrates how the impact of digitalization has reshaped young people’s ability to critically evaluate the credibility of news, often relying on social networks and technology platforms. The review concludes with a research agenda.
本文概述了(2006 年至 2022 年间发表的)94 项科学研究,以探讨年轻人(10-36 岁)如何定义、消费和评价新闻。在过去的几十年里,有关新闻和青年的研究呈爆炸式增长,但我们能从中得出什么结论,新闻学者又该如何继续前行?系统的文献综述显示,虽然年轻人对新闻仍然感兴趣,但他们消费新闻的方式已经发生了巨大变化。现在,社交媒体平台和算法在年轻人的新闻消费中发挥着举足轻重的作用。此外,由于当今可供选择的数字媒体种类繁多,年轻人既主动又被动地接触新闻,有时还会表现出回避的倾向。综述还展示了数字化的影响如何重塑了年轻人批判性地评估新闻可信度的能力,他们往往依赖于社交网络和技术平台。综述最后提出了研究议程。
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引用次数: 0
Parental mediation of children’s online risks: The role of parental risk perception, digital skills and risk experiences 父母对儿童上网风险的调解:父母的风险意识、数字技能和风险经验的作用
IF 5 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1177/14614448241261945
Ellen Johanna Helsper, Giuseppe Alessandro Veltri, Sonia Livingstone
This article advances the understanding of parental mediation of children’s online activities by examining the roles of parental perceptions of risk and parent and child digital skills. Analysis of a survey of European parents distinguishes parental perceptions of the likelihood of risk and the severity of harm before testing the linearity of their relation to digital skills. Results show that parents with higher perceived control over online risk management and those with a broader set of digital skills are more involved in mediating their children’s online activities. The analysis also shows a non-linear, n-shaped relationship between parental skills and parental perception of the severity of harm. The results suggest that future research on parental mediation should distinguish parental knowledge of the digital world based on direct experience from their general perceptions of the likelihood of risk and severity of harm.
本文通过研究家长对风险的认知以及家长和儿童的数字技能,加深了人们对家长干预儿童网上活动的理解。对一项欧洲家长调查的分析区分了家长对风险可能性和伤害严重性的认知,然后检验了它们与数字技能之间的线性关系。结果表明,对网上风险管理有较高控制感知的家长,以及拥有更广泛数字技能的家长,会更多地参与子女的网上活动。分析还显示,家长的技能与家长对伤害严重性的认知之间存在非线性的 n 型关系。研究结果表明,今后有关家长调解的研究应将家长基于直接经验对数字世界的了解与他们对风险可能性和伤害严重性的一般看法区分开来。
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引用次数: 0
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New Media & Society
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