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Soil mycobiome dissimilarity, independent of fungal guild, is associated with increased probability of plant coexistence 土壤真菌生物群的差异与植物共生的可能性增加有关,而与真菌行业无关
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14396
Jeremy A. Collings, Emily J. Cook, Carolyn A. Delevich, Jeffrey M. Diez

利益冲突声明作者声明没有利益冲突。
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引用次数: 0
Diversity effects and compensatory dynamics drive productivity and stability in temperate old-growth forests 多样性效应和补偿动力学驱动温带古老森林的生产力和稳定性
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14391
Jiri Dolezal, Pavel Fibich, Jan Altman, Koichi Takahashi, Toshihiko Hara

了解初级生产等生态系统功能的稳定机制对于预测全球环境反应至关重要。虽然生物多样性有望通过对环境变化的补偿反应增强稳定性,但目前还缺乏经验证据,尤其是在对生物多样性保护和减缓气候变化至关重要的古老森林中。此外,增加生态位互补性和种内竞争强于种间竞争是否是促进多样性森林补偿动态和稳定生态系统功能的关键机制,目前仍未得到探讨。本研究从群落和个体层面调查了温带古老森林 20 年来的生产力和稳定性。结构方程模型分析了日本北部一块 4 公顷小区内的 4380 棵树,其中有超过 35 个树种,评估了生物多样性和物种波动的平均异步性(补偿动态)对 100 平方米网格四分区生产力稳定性的影响。功能特征和分类多样性代表了物种互补性和保险效应。同种和异种邻近物种之间的时间生长相关性以及邻近物种对生长表现的影响表明了个体水平上的种内和种间相互作用。稳定性较高的群落表现出较高的多样性和不同步的物种波动,这表明补偿动态可缓冲群落生产力对环境变异的影响。树木大小变化与稳定性之间的反比关系表明,大小和丰度等级不明显的群落具有更有效的补偿机制,从而确保了森林功能的稳定。异种相邻植物之间的生物量生产没有时间上的负相关,这表明种间竞争在补偿动态中的作用有限。相反,同种相邻树种之间的正相关性及其在密集同种斑块中被抑制的生长突显了同种负密度依赖机制在维持树种多样性和确保稳定生产力方面的重要性。综述:这项研究强调了树种丰富度在世界上最多样化的温带森林中通过异步生长稳定生态系统功能的关键作用。比种间竞争更激烈的种内竞争有助于防止单一树种占主导地位,从而保持多样性和生产力的稳定性。尽管大小不对称的种间竞争偶尔会造成不稳定,但物种-性状互补性通过促进整体生物量生产而增强了稳定性。这项研究强调了整体多样性对森林生产力稳定性的重要性,对自然保护和生态系统功能具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Patterns and drivers of pollen co-transport network structure vary across pollinator functional groups 不同传粉昆虫功能群花粉共同运输网络结构的模式和驱动因素各不相同
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14397
Liedson Tavares Carneiro, Jessica Nicole Williams, Daniel A. Barker, Joseph W. Anderson, Carlos Martel, Gerardo Arceo-Gomez

昆虫体上的花粉运输模式和驱动因素会对植物的繁殖成功率和花卉进化产生重要影响;然而,对它们的研究仍然很少。最近,授粉昆虫的身体被进一步描述为花粉竞争场,花粉粒可以在这里竞争空间,这对花粉传播策略的进化和植物群落的组合都有影响。然而,花粉竞争性相互作用的特征、强度和多样性,以及它们在不同授粉者功能群之间的差异尚不清楚。评估花粉共运格局的模式和驱动因素,以及这些因素在不同传粉昆虫群中如何变化,对我们进一步了解花卉进化和共花群落组装至关重要。在这里,我们将昆虫个体花粉负荷上花粉粒的数量和特征信息与网络分析相结合,以发现新的花粉共运输网络,以及这些网络在不同传粉昆虫功能群(蜜蜂和蜂蝇)之间的差异。我们还进一步评估了昆虫群体间花粉负载量大小、物种组成、多样性和系统发育多样性的差异,以及这些差异与体型和性别的关系。蜜蜂的花粉协同运输网络多种多样且高度模块化,花粉物种群在昆虫身体上更频繁地相互影响。然而,花粉粒在昆虫身体上遇到的竞争者的数量、身份和频率在一些授粉者功能群之间存在差异。花粉负荷的其他方面,如花粉负荷的大小、丰富程度和系统发育多样性受蜜蜂大小或性别的影响,雌性蜜蜂携带的花粉负荷比雄性大,但系统发育多样性较低。综述。我们的研究结果表明,花粉竞争者的数量、特征和系统发育相关性会随着花粉粒在不同授粉者体内的传播而发生变化。因此,授粉者群体在花粉运输过程中会产生截然不同的相互作用景观,这对植物的繁殖成功率、花卉进化和群落组合产生了迄今未知的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Asymmetric sharing of generalist pathogens between exotic and native plants correlates with exotic impact in communities 外来植物和本地植物之间不对称地共享普通病原体与外来植物对群落的影响有关
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14392
Lauren P. Waller, Warwick J. Allen, Amanda Black, Leo Condron, Jonathan D. Tonkin, Jason M. Tylianakis, Angela Wakelin, Ian A. Dickie

当外来植物入侵到一个新的区域时,它们可以躲避专性敌害。然而,它们可能会支持通敌,包括本地和引进的真菌病原体,这就有可能造成外来植物向本地植物群落的溢出和明显竞争。为了评估外来植物入侵群落中假定致病的根相关真菌(以下简称 "病原体")外溢的可能性,我们进行了两阶段的植物-土壤反馈实验:一个是本地植物和外来植物单独种植的单一栽培实验,另一个是外来植物占优势程度不同的多物种群落级实验。我们使用下一代测序技术来描述群落中本地植物和外来植物之间病原体共享的特征。外来植物在群落中的表现优于本地植物,尽管它们所携带的通性病原体的相对丰度更高。外来植物所支持的病原体具有更高的通用性,因此更容易与本地植物共享。群落中外来植物和本地植物共享病原体的比例与本地植物的竞争能力低于外来植物有关。综述:这些数据表明,外来植物寄生了更多与本地植物共享的通性病原体,这可能会通过明显的竞争使外来植物间接受益于本地植物。
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引用次数: 0
Neighbourhood diversity effects on insect herbivory: Plant leaf traits mediate associational resistance 昆虫草食性的邻域多样性效应植物叶片性状介导关联抗性
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14405
Zhenyu Wang, Lixuan Feng, Adam Frew, Anqi Lu, Zaipeng Yu, Zhiqun Huang

树木对昆虫食草的脆弱性会受到森林结构和多样性的影响。关联抗性理论认为,被多样性邻居包围的树木很可能会减少草食性。然而,这种效应的内在机制还存在争议,越来越多的证据表明,叶片性状可能会介导多样性与草食性关系的强度和方向。为了确定树木性状变异在调解这种关系中的作用,我们在一项为期 4 年的大规模操纵性树木多样性实验中,测量了单株栽培的 12 个物种和 4 个、8 个和 16 个物种混种栽培的 394 株重点树木的叶片食草量以及已知会影响食草量的 9 种形态和营养叶片性状。在物种丰富的邻近地区减少重点树木的比例会导致重点树木的叶片碳氮比增加,从而减少昆虫的草食性。此外,植株高度透明度(定义为焦点树与其近邻之间总高度的差距)的增加通过降低叶片磷浓度间接地扩大了草食性。综述:这项研究表明,邻近地区的多样性和物理结构可通过改变重点植物的叶片特征间接影响其草食性。考虑森林之间的功能差异可以加深我们对多样性与食草关系的理解。
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引用次数: 0
Nitrogen-fixing plants increase soil nitrogen and neighbouring-plant biomass, but decrease community diversity: A meta-analysis reveals the mediating role of soil texture 固氮植物增加了土壤氮和邻近植物的生物量,但却降低了群落多样性:荟萃分析揭示了土壤质地的中介作用
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14402
Sarah K. Ortiz, Amelia A. Wolf

最近的几项区域性研究对固氮植物(N-fixer)作为邻近植物群落的促进者这一普遍假设提出了质疑。我们进行了一项荟萃分析,以综合固氮植物对植物群落的影响,并了解生态环境如何调节这些影响。我们分析了评估固氮机和非固氮机对土壤氮、邻近植物(非固氮机)生物量和植物群落多样性的配对效应的研究;生态调节因素包括气候、土壤质地以及固氮机的生长形式和入侵状况。与非固氮植物相比,固氮植物的土壤氮和邻近植物生物量更高,但群落多样性更低。土壤质地对固氮剂对邻近植物生物量的影响有很强的中介作用;固氮剂的入侵状态和生长形式对固氮剂的促进作用也有显著的中介作用。综述:固氮作用介于促进和抑制之间,受内在和外在过程的调节,本分析深入探讨了这些因素如何调节固氮作用。总体而言,氮固定剂促进了邻近生物量的增加,但抑制了多样性,不过这些效应的巨大差异可部分归因于生态环境。
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引用次数: 0
Germination phenology alters species coexistence outcomes 发芽物候改变物种共存结果
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14382
Jeff Diez, Jen Schlauch, Elysa DuCharme, Jeremy Collings, Sarah Erskine

物种特有的物候对气候变化的反应正在重新调整物种相互作用的时间,然而我们并不完全了解这些变化对物种种群动态和群落组成的影响。在这项研究中,我们通过实验操纵了加利福尼亚南部五种一年生植物的发芽时间,并利用成对竞争实验和共存理论来量化物候变化如何影响物种间的相互作用和共存。我们发现,当物候变化给竞争劣势物种带来优势时,可能有助于促进共存,但在其他情况下,则会促进竞争优势物种占据主导地位。较早的发芽一般会提高物种相对于竞争者的表现,但种内和种间相互作用的相对变化会对生态位和适应性差异产生更复杂的影响。物候差异往往会减少许多物种对的稳定生态位差异,并降低总体共存概率。综述。虽然物种间的物候差异通常被认为是一种生态位分区形式,但物候偏移似乎越来越有可能破坏物种共存的稳定性。物候变化对物种共存的净影响将取决于对种内和种间相互作用影响的复杂组合,而这些影响仍然难以预测。
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引用次数: 0
Contrasting responses of plant, soil fungal and above-ground arthropod communities to plant invasion across latitudes 不同纬度植物、土壤真菌和地面节肢动物群落对植物入侵的不同反应
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14398
Lunlun Gao, Fengyan Fan, Yifan He, Chunqiang Wei, Hao Xu, Xiaoyan Liu, Xinmin Lu, Richard D. Bardgett

外来物种的扩散会通过生物相互作用抑制常住物种,这是全世界日益关注的问题。然而,对于地上和地下群落如何同时对植物入侵做出反应,尤其是在大空间尺度上的反应,我们的研究还很少。我们假设植物入侵在低纬度地区比在高纬度地区对地上和地下受体群落的影响更大,因为在更有利的低纬度环境中,生物相互作用在塑造群落方面发挥着更重要的作用。为了验证这一假设,我们对中国纬度梯度长达1700公里的124个地点进行了全面的实地调查,以探索全球广泛分布的入侵植物--箭毒苣苔的入侵对植物、土壤真菌和地面节肢动物群落的影响。箭毒对植物、地上节肢动物和土壤嗜吸真菌的β多样性(即不同地点之间类群组成的差异)产生了不同的影响,分别为负面、中性和正面反应。值得注意的是,在不同纬度地区,相邻入侵地点和非入侵地点之间的植物和节肢动物群落组成差异保持不变。相比之下,相邻入侵地点和非入侵地点之间整个群落和病原真菌群落的组成差异随着纬度的升高而增大。这导致入侵对植物和真菌群落组成的影响差异随着纬度的增加而减小。综述。我们的研究揭示了不同纬度地区地上和地下群落对植物入侵的不同反应,为了解入侵效应的复杂性提供了新的视角。这些截然不同的反应可能会削弱或重塑地上和地下的相互作用,进而影响未来的物种入侵和陆地生态系统的功能。
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引用次数: 0
Decoupled responses of the stability of above- and belowground productivity to drought and clipping in an alpine meadow 高山草甸地上和地下生产力的稳定性对干旱和剪枝的非耦合反应
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14389
Fangfang Ma, Ruiyang Zhang, Jens-Christian Svenning, Fangyue Zhang, Yunlong He, Jinsong Wang, Dashuan Tian, Qingping Zhou, Shuli Niu

利益冲突声明作者无利益冲突声明。
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引用次数: 0
Weak reciprocal relationships between productivity and plant biodiversity in managed grasslands 管理下的草地生产力与植物生物多样性之间的互惠关系较弱
IF 5.3 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.14400
Karl Andraczek, Laura E. Dee, Alexandra Weigelt, Judith Hinderling, Daniel Prati, Gaëtane Le Provost, Peter Manning, Christian Wirth, Fons van der Plas

在管理草地的各项研究中,植物生物多样性与生产力之间的关系变化很大,部分原因是在单个时间点收集的观测数据中难以考虑混杂因素以及生物多样性与生产力之间的相互关系。要在这些挑战中确定因果效应,需要新的分析方法和重复观察,以确定效应的时间顺序。在一个生长季节内的多个时间点收集的数据虽然很少,但有助于区分生物多样性对生产力的影响,反之亦然。在这里,我们利用对 150 个管理草地进行的季节性草地调查,重复进行了两年的调查,并采用了生态学中相对较新的统计方法,旨在从观测数据中推断因果关系,从而加深对这一问题的理解。我们将我们的方法与生态学中常用的方法(即混合效应模型)以及仅使用生长季节中一个时间点的观测数据的分析方法进行了比较。我们发现,与我们的主要模型相比,混合模型高估了生物多样性对生产力的影响,高出两个标准误差。在生产力对生物多样性的影响方面,我们使用混合模型发现了负效应,这种负效应对生长季节内收集数据的时间非常敏感。相比之下,我们的主要模型没有发现任何影响证据。传统模型高估了生物多样性和生产力之间的影响,这可能是由于混杂变量造成的。综述。了解生物多样性与生产力之间的关系是生态学的一个焦点话题,但揭示它们之间的相互关系仍具有挑战性。我们展示了更高分辨率的纵向数据以及控制更多混杂变量的方法可用于解决相互关系。我们强调了未来的数据需求和方法,它们可以帮助我们解决生物多样性与生产力之间的关系,这对于调和生态学中长期存在的争论以及最终了解生物多样性和生态系统功能如何应对全球变化至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Ecology
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