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Near-visible topological edge states in a silicon nitride platform 氮化硅平台中的近可见拓扑边缘态
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1364/ome.524958
David Sharp, Christopher Flower, Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad, Arnab Manna, Hannah Rarick, Rui Chen, Mohammad Hafezi, Arka Majumdar
Demonstrations of topological photonics have so far largely been confined to infrared wavelengths where imaging technology and access to low-dimensional quantum materials are both limited. Here, we designed and fabricated silicon nitride ring-resonator arrays to demonstrate photonic topological edge states at ∼780 nm. We observed edge states corresponding to the integer quantum Hall Hamiltonian with topological protection against fabrication disorder. This demonstration extends the concept of topological edge states to the near-visible regime and paves the way for nonlinear and non-Hermitian topological photonics with the rich library of near-visible quantum emitters.
迄今为止,拓扑光子学的演示主要局限于红外波段,因为红外波段的成像技术和低维量子材料都很有限。在这里,我们设计并制造了氮化硅环形谐振器阵列,以展示 780 纳米波长的光子拓扑边缘态。我们观察到了与整数量子霍尔哈密顿相对应的边缘态,这些边缘态具有拓扑保护功能,可抵御制造失序。这一演示将拓扑边缘态的概念扩展到了近可见光领域,并利用丰富的近可见光量子发射体库为非线性和非赫米特拓扑光子学铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Advanced Solid-State Lasers: feature issue introduction 先进固体激光器:特刊简介
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1364/ome.530773
Mark S. Bowers, Patrice Camy, Mark Dubinskii, Yushi Kaneda, Patricia Segonds
This joint issue of Optics Express and Optical Materials Express features 23 peer-reviewed articles primarily by authors who participated in the Advanced Solid State Lasers conference, which was part of the Optica Laser Congress held in Tacoma, Washington, USA on October 8-12, 2023. This review provides a brief summary of these articles covering the latest developments in laser gain materials and nonlinear crystals, mode-locked lasers, fiber lasers and amplifiers, nonlinear optical sources, and novel concepts in laser design.
本期《光学快报》和《光学材料快报》合刊收录了 23 篇经同行评审的文章,这些文章主要由参加 2023 年 10 月 8-12 日在美国华盛顿州塔科马市举行的 Optica 激光大会中的 "先进固体激光器 "会议的作者撰写。本综述简要概述了这些文章,内容涉及激光增益材料和非线性晶体、锁模激光器、光纤激光器和放大器、非线性光学源以及激光器设计中的新概念等方面的最新发展。
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引用次数: 0
Crystallization of Y3Fe5O12 thin films on silicon photonic waveguides using CO2 laser annealing 利用二氧化碳激光退火在硅光子波导上结晶 Y3Fe5O12 薄膜
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1364/ome.523799
Junxian Wang, Songgang Cai, Yucong Yang, Zixuan Wei, Tianchi Zhang, Wei Yan, Lei Bi
We report the local crystallization of Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) thin films grown on Si substrates, and SOI waveguides by CO2 laser annealing (LA). The effect of laser power and oxygen pressure on the crystal structure of YIG films was systematically studied. Laser power dominated the YIG film crystallinity, while oxygen partial pressure during LA strongly influenced the crystal grain size and magnetic anisotropy. Fully crystallized YIG thin films with pure garnet phases were fabricated by LA. The refractive index n and extinction coefficient k were comparable to thin films fabricated by rapid thermal annealing (RTA). Propagation loss measured at 1550 nm wavelength on YIG/SOI waveguides and YIG/SiN ring resonators were comparable to RTA annealed films, promising device development for silicon photonics.
我们报告了利用二氧化碳激光退火(LA)技术在硅衬底和 SOI 波导上生长的 Y3Fe5O12(YIG)薄膜的局部结晶情况。系统研究了激光功率和氧压对 YIG 薄膜晶体结构的影响。激光功率主导着 YIG 薄膜的结晶度,而 LA 过程中的氧分压则强烈影响着晶体晶粒尺寸和磁各向异性。通过 LA 技术制备出了具有纯石榴石相的全结晶 YIG 薄膜。折射率 n 和消光系数 k 与快速热退火(RTA)制备的薄膜相当。在波长为 1550 nm 的 YIG/SOI 波导和 YIG/SiN 环形谐振器上测量的传播损耗与 RTA 退火薄膜相当,有望用于硅光子器件的开发。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing Pr3+ and Nd3+ for deactivating the Er3+: 4I13/2 level in lanthanum titanate glass 比较 Pr3+ 和 Nd3+ 对钛酸镧玻璃中 Er3+: 4I13/2 电平的去活化作用
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1364/ome.517790
Brian Topper, Alexander Neumann, Stephen K. Wilke, Randall E. Youngman, Abdulrahman Alrubkhi, and Richard Weber
Erbium lanthanum titanate glasses were prepared by levitation melting for the spectroscopic study of ways to promote the mid-infrared fluorescence. Two series of heavily erbium doped glasses (15 wt%) were prepared with the addition of either Pr3+ or Nd3+ in amounts relative to Er3+ of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2. Both ions quench the lower Er3+ laser level with the Pr3+ doing so more rapidly. Although high co-dopant concentrations result in higher energy transfer, as clearly evidenced in upconversion and downconversion fluorescence measurements, the mid-infrared lifetime also suffers a reduction and, therefore, a balance must be struck in the co-dopant concentration. Lifetime and spectral measurements indicate that, at a fixed relative co-dopant amount, Pr3+ is more effective than Nd3+ at removing the bottleneck of the Er3+ 4I13/2 level. Moreover, consideration of the lifetimes alongside the absorption data of the individual ions indicates that despite the large absorption cross-section of Nd3+ at 808 nm, the concentration needed to yield more absorbed power than utilizing direct 976 nm excitation of Er3+ results in unfavorable lifetimes of the mid-infrared transition. In the end, Pr3+ prevails as the superior co-dopant in terms of the effects on fluorescence lifetimes as well as potential laser system design considerations. In a unique self-doping approach, a reducing melt atmosphere of Ar instead of O2 creates a small fraction of Ti3+. In 5Er2O3-12La2O3-83TiO2 glass, the presence of Ti3+ quenches the 4I13/2 emission about 2.6 times more than the 4I11/2 when lifetimes are compared to an O2 melt environment. As an additional means of increasing the mid-infrared emission, the effect of temperature on the mid- and near- infrared lifetimes of a lightly doped lanthanum titanate composition is investigated between 77-300 K. The mid-infrared lifetime increases by ∼30% while the near-infrared lifetime increases by ∼10%, which suggests in addition to co-doping, active cooling of the gain media will further enhance performance.
通过悬浮熔融法制备了钛酸镧铒玻璃,用于促进中红外荧光的光谱研究。制备了两个系列的重度掺铒玻璃(15 wt%),分别添加了相对于 Er3+ 为 0.05、0.1 和 0.2 的 Pr3+ 或 Nd3+。这两种离子都能淬灭较低的 Er3+ 激光电平,其中 Pr3+ 的淬灭速度更快。虽然高浓度的共掺杂剂能带来更高的能量转移,这一点在上转换和下转换荧光测量中得到了明确的证明,但中红外寿命也会缩短,因此必须在共掺杂剂浓度上取得平衡。寿命和光谱测量结果表明,在固定的相对共掺杂剂量下,Pr3+ 比 Nd3+ 更能有效消除 Er3+ 4I13/2 电平的瓶颈。此外,将寿命与单个离子的吸收数据一起考虑表明,尽管 Nd3+ 在 808 纳米波长有较大的吸收截面,但要产生比直接利用 976 纳米波长激发 Er3+ 更大的吸收功率所需的浓度,会导致中红外转变的寿命不利。最终,从对荧光寿命的影响以及潜在的激光系统设计考虑,Pr3+ 成为更优越的共掺杂剂。在一种独特的自掺杂方法中,Ar 而不是 O2 的还原熔融气氛产生了一小部分 Ti3+。在 5Er2O3-12La2O3-83TiO2 玻璃中,当寿命与 O2 熔体环境相比时,Ti3+ 的存在淬灭了 4I13/2 发射,是 4I11/2 的 2.6 倍。作为增加中红外发射的另一种方法,我们研究了温度在 77-300 K 之间对轻掺杂钛酸镧成分的中红外和近红外寿命的影响。中红外寿命增加了 30%,而近红外寿命增加了 10%,这表明除了共掺杂之外,增益介质的主动冷却将进一步提高性能。
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引用次数: 0
Development of broadband high efficiency Mid-IR gratings for high-energy ultrafast lasers 为高能超快激光器开发宽带高效中红外光栅
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1364/ome.521507
Trevor B. Chen, Bangzhi Liu, Jake A. McCoy, Guy Lavallee, Michael Labella, William Mahony, Shane Miller, Chad Eichfeld, Naibo Jiang, and Paul S. Hsu
Broadband high-efficiency diffraction gratings play a crucial role in the pulse stretcher and compressor of high-energy ultrafast lasers. Nevertheless, conventional grating manufacturing techniques, including mechanical ruling and holographic recording, face challenges in creating accurate blazed groove profiles necessary for the fabrication of broadband, high-efficiency mid-infrared gratings. In this work, we utilized combined electron-beam lithography and anisotropic wet etching technology to fabricate nearly perfect blazed grooves, producing high efficiency broadband mid-infrared (IR) grating for 4.3 µm 100 femtosecond laser. Global optimization was performed to achieve a design of > 90% efficiency over spectral range of 3.6 µm – 6.6 µm. Hybrid metal-dielectric coating (Au-Al2O3) is employed and optimized to minimize absorption and to enhance diffraction efficiency and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT). Prototype gratings undergo testing at a desired application wavelengths of 4.3 µm in a tunable range of 0.2 µm, revealing that the optimal sample achieves a diffraction efficiency of 92%, closely approaching the theoretical value of 94.2%
宽带高效衍射光栅在高能超快激光的脉冲拉伸和压缩过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,传统的光栅制造技术,包括机械裁决和全息记录,在制造宽带、高效中红外光栅所需的精确釉槽轮廓方面面临挑战。在这项工作中,我们利用电子束光刻技术和各向异性湿法蚀刻技术相结合,制作出了近乎完美的釉面沟槽,为4.3微米100飞秒激光器生产出了高效宽带中红外(IR)光栅。通过全局优化设计,在 3.6 µm - 6.6 µm 光谱范围内实现了 > 90% 的效率。采用并优化了金属-电介质混合涂层(Au-Al2O3),以尽量减少吸收,提高衍射效率和激光诱导损伤阈值(LIDT)。原型光栅在 0.2 微米可调范围内的理想应用波长 4.3 微米处进行了测试,结果表明最佳样品的衍射效率达到 92%,接近 94.2% 的理论值。
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引用次数: 0
Space-time modulated loaded-wire metagratings for magnetless nonreciprocity and near-complete frequency conversion 用于无磁非互斥性和近乎完全频率转换的时空调制加载线元规
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1364/ome.515628
Yakir Hadad and Dimitrios Sounas
In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of magnet-less nonreciprocity using space-time modulation, both in electromagnetics and acoustics. This approach has so far resulted in a plethora of non-reciprocal devices, such as isolators and circulators, over different parts of the spectrum, for guided waves. On the other hand, very little work has been performed on non-reciprocal devices for waves propagating in free space, which can also have many practical applications. For example, it was shown theoretically that non-reciprocal scattering by a metasurface can be obtained if the surface-impedance operator is continuously modulated in space and time. However, the main challenge in the realization of such a metasurface is due to the high complexity required to modulate in space and time many sub-wavelength unit-cells of which the metasurface consists. In this paper, we show that spatiotemporally modulated metagratings can lead to strong nonreciprocal responses, even though they are based on electrically-large unit cells and use only three modulation domains. We specifically focus on wire metagratings loaded with time-modulated capacitances. We use the discrete-dipole approximation and an ad-hoc generalization of the theory of polarizability for time-modulated particles and demonstrate an effective non-reciprocal anomalous reflection (diffraction) with an efficient frequency conversion. Thus, our work opens a venue for a practical design and implementation of highly non-reciprocal magnet-less metasurfaces in electromagnetics and acoustics.
近年来,电磁学和声学在利用时空调制开发无磁非互易性方面取得了重大进展。迄今为止,这种方法已经产生了大量的非互易设备,如隔离器和环行器,适用于频谱的不同部分和导波。另一方面,针对在自由空间传播的波的非互易器件的研究却很少,而这种器件也有许多实际应用。例如,有理论表明,如果表面阻抗算子在空间和时间上连续调制,就能获得元表面的非互易散射。然而,实现这种元表面的主要挑战在于在空间和时间上调制元表面所包含的许多子波长单元所需的高复杂性。在本文中,我们展示了时空调制元表面可以产生强烈的非互惠响应,尽管它们是基于电性大单元并只使用了三个调制域。我们特别关注加载了时间调制电容的导线元规。我们使用离散偶极子近似和时间调制粒子极化理论的临时概括,证明了一种有效的非对等反常反射(衍射)和高效的频率转换。因此,我们的工作为电磁学和声学中高度非互易无磁元表面的实际设计和实施开辟了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Order: Random, Aperiodic, and Hyperuniform Photonic Materials: introduction to the special issue 超越秩序:随机、非周期性和超均匀光子材料:特刊导言
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1364/ome.527426
Luca Dal Negro, Hui Cao, Marcel Filoche, Sebastian A. Schulz, Silvia Vignolini, and Diederik S. Wiersma
The editors introduce the feature issue on “Beyond Order: Random, Aperiodic, and Hyperuniform Photonic Materials,” which includes nine articles.
编辑们介绍了 "超越有序:随机、非周期性和超均匀光子材料",其中包括九篇文章。
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引用次数: 0
Spatial wavefront shaping with a multipolar-resonant metasurface for structured illumination microscopy [Invited] 利用多极共振元表面对结构照明显微镜进行空间波前整形 [特邀]
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1364/ome.520736
Tamal Roy, Peter T. Brown, Douglas P. Shepherd, and Lisa V. Poulikakos
Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) achieves superresolution in fluorescence imaging through patterned illumination and computational image reconstruction, yet current methods require bulky, costly modulation optics and high-precision optical alignment, thus hindering the widespread implementation of SIM. To address this challenge, this work demonstrates how nano-optical metasurfaces, rationally designed to tailor the far-field optical wavefront at sub-wavelength dimensions, hold great potential as ultrathin, single-surface, all-optical wavefront modulators for SIM. We computationally demonstrate this principle with a multipolar-resonant metasurface composed of silicon nanostructures that generate versatile optical wavefronts in the far field upon variation of the polarization or angle of incident light. Algorithmic optimization is performed to identify the seven most suitable illumination patterns for SIM generated by the metasurface based on three key criteria. We quantitatively demonstrate that multipolar-resonant metasurface SIM (mrm-SIM) achieves resolution gain that is comparable to conventional methods by applying the seven optimal metasurface-generated wavefronts to simulated fluorescent objects and reconstructing the objects using proximal gradient descent. Notably, we show that mrm-SIM achieves these resolution gains with a far-field illumination pattern that circumvents complex equipment and alignment requirements of comparable methodologies. The work presented here paves the way for a metasurface-enabled experimental simplification of structured illumination microscopy.
结构照明显微镜(SIM)通过图案化照明和计算图像重建实现了荧光成像的超分辨率,但目前的方法需要笨重、昂贵的调制光学器件和高精度光学对准,从而阻碍了 SIM 的广泛应用。为了应对这一挑战,这项工作展示了如何合理设计纳米光学元表面以在亚波长尺寸上定制远场光波前,从而为 SIM 的超薄、单面、全光波前调制器带来巨大潜力。我们用一个由硅纳米结构组成的多极共振元表面对这一原理进行了计算演示,当入射光的偏振或角度发生变化时,元表面会在远场产生多变的光波面。通过算法优化,我们根据三个关键标准为元表面产生的 SIM 确定了七种最合适的照明模式。我们定量证明了多极共振元表面 SIM(mrm-SIM)可实现与传统方法相当的分辨率增益,具体方法是将元表面生成的七种最佳波面应用于模拟荧光物体,并使用近端梯度下降法重建物体。值得注意的是,我们展示了 mrm-SIM 利用远场照明模式实现了这些分辨率增益,从而避开了同类方法所需的复杂设备和校准要求。本文介绍的工作为元表面支持的结构照明显微镜实验简化铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Refractive index measurements of liquids from 0.5 to 2 µm using Rayleigh interferometry 利用瑞利干涉仪测量 0.5 至 2 µm 范围内液体的折射率
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1364/ome.519907
Hao-Jung Chang, Natalia Munera, Cesar Lopez-Zelaya, Debasmita Banerjee, Guy Beadie, Eric W. Van Stryland, and David J. Hagan
There is growing interest in the refractive index of liquids beyond the visible and into the short-wave infrared (SWIR) for applications such as the study of liquid-core fibers and supercontinuum generation. However, most of the data reported are in the visible. For liquids with a wide transmission window in the SWIR region, refractive index data are sparse. We present a Rayleigh interferometry-based refractometer to characterize the refractive index relative to standard materials at seven different wavelengths (543.4, 632.8, 780, 973, 1064, 1550, and 1970 nm) at a temperature of ~ 21.3 ± 0.6 °C. We also show Sellmeier fits using our results juxtaposed with previously published data. Our data extends previous work to the SWIR.
人们对液体折射率的研究兴趣日益浓厚,已超出了可见光的范围,进入了短波红外(SWIR),用于研究液芯光纤和超连续发生等应用。然而,报告的大部分数据都是可见光数据。对于在 SWIR 区域具有宽透射窗口的液体,折射率数据非常稀少。我们介绍了一种基于瑞利干涉仪的折射仪,用于表征在 ~ 21.3 ± 0.6 °C 温度下七个不同波长(543.4、632.8、780、973、1064、1550 和 1970 nm)相对于标准材料的折射率。我们还展示了利用我们的结果与以前发表的数据并列进行的 Sellmeier 拟合。我们的数据将以前的工作扩展到了西南红外波段。
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引用次数: 0
InAs quantum dots with a narrow photoluminescence linewidth for a lower threshold current density in 1.55 µm lasers: erratum 具有窄光致发光线宽的 InAs 量子点可在 1.55 µm 激光器中降低阈值电流密度:勘误表
IF 2.8 3区 材料科学 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1364/ome.525259
Bin Wang, Xuezhe Yu, Yugang Zeng, Weijie Gao, Wei Chen, Haoyu Shen, Kedi Ma, Hongxiao Li, Zizhuo Liu, Hui Su, Li Qin, Yongqiang Ning, and Lijun Wang
We address and correct errors identified in our previously published article [Opt. Mater. Express 14, 1074 (2024) [CrossRef] ]. The corrections necessitate modifications to the text of the original paper, leading to its rephrasing for clarity and accuracy.
我们对之前发表的文章 [Opt.Mater.Express 14, 1074 (2024) [CrossRef] ]中发现的错误。由于这些更正,我们有必要修改原论文的文字,使其措辞更加清晰准确。
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引用次数: 0
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Optical Materials Express
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