Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60893-0
Wen-fang Fang , Jing-chao Yuan , Meng-qian Wang , Yu-qing Peng , Dan Zhang , Ai-jun Li
The intrinsic deposition rate of pyrolytic carbon from propylene was studied using a chemical vapor infiltration hot wall reactor at partial pressures of propylene from 3 kPa to 7 kPa, temperatures of 1 173 to 1 273 K, and a residence time of 1.1 s. The effect of the partial pressure of hydrogen on carbon deposition rate at different temperatures was studied at constant propylene partial pressures. A model of the deposition mechanism of propylene was established. The results show that the propylene deposition rate increases with increasing partial pressure, increased distance along the path and increasing temperature. Hydrogen inhibits the deposition. The deposition mechanism model shows that the reciprocal of the propylene deposition rate is linear with the reciprocal of the propylene concentration, and the reciprocal of the propylene deposition rate is linear with the hydrogen concentration. Comparing the experimental results of propylene deposition rate, the rationality of the model is proved and the kinetic parameters are calculated.
{"title":"Modeling of pyrolytic carbon deposition from propylene","authors":"Wen-fang Fang , Jing-chao Yuan , Meng-qian Wang , Yu-qing Peng , Dan Zhang , Ai-jun Li","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60893-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60893-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The intrinsic deposition rate of pyrolytic carbon from propylene was studied using a chemical vapor infiltration hot wall reactor at partial pressures of propylene from 3 kPa to 7 kPa, temperatures of 1 173 to 1 273 K, and a residence time of 1.1 s. The effect of the partial pressure of hydrogen on carbon deposition rate at different temperatures was studied at constant propylene partial pressures. A model of the deposition mechanism of propylene was established. The results show that the propylene deposition rate increases with increasing partial pressure, increased distance along the path and increasing temperature. Hydrogen inhibits the deposition. The deposition mechanism model shows that the reciprocal of the propylene deposition rate is linear with the reciprocal of the propylene concentration, and the reciprocal of the propylene deposition rate is linear with the hydrogen concentration. Comparing the experimental results of propylene deposition rate, the rationality of the model is proved and the kinetic parameters are calculated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1243-1248"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60889-9
Fan Feng , Zhi-dong Han , Bing Wei , Yang Wang , Fei-zhou Wang , Yan-yan Jiao , Zhen-ting Wang
During the operation of electronic devices, a considerable amount of heat and electromagnetic radiation is emitted. Therefore, the investigation of materials with electromagnetic shielding and thermal management abilities has significant importance. Hybrid materials of three-dimensional graphene networks containing both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and SiC whiskers (3D graphene-CNT-SiC) were synthesized. Using an aqueous-phase reduction method for the self-assembly of the graphene oxide, a three-dimensional porous graphene structure was fabricated. SiC whiskers, inserted between the graphene layers, formed a framework for longitudinal thermal conduction, while CNTs attached to the SiC surface, created a dendritic structure that increased the bonding between the SiC whiskers and graphene, improving dielectric loss and thermal conductivity. It was found that the thermal conductivity of the hybrid material reached 123 W·m–1·K–1, with a shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB when the SiC addition was 2%. This result indicates that 3D Graphene-CNT-SiC has excellent thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance.
{"title":"Increasing both the electromagnetic shielding and thermal conductive properties of three-dimensional graphene-CNT-SiC hybrid materials","authors":"Fan Feng , Zhi-dong Han , Bing Wei , Yang Wang , Fei-zhou Wang , Yan-yan Jiao , Zhen-ting Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60889-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60889-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the operation of electronic devices, a considerable amount of heat and electromagnetic radiation is emitted. Therefore, the investigation of materials with electromagnetic shielding and thermal management abilities has significant importance. Hybrid materials of three-dimensional graphene networks containing both carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and SiC whiskers (3D graphene-CNT-SiC) were synthesized. Using an aqueous-phase reduction method for the self-assembly of the graphene oxide, a three-dimensional porous graphene structure was fabricated. SiC whiskers, inserted between the graphene layers, formed a framework for longitudinal thermal conduction, while CNTs attached to the SiC surface, created a dendritic structure that increased the bonding between the SiC whiskers and graphene, improving dielectric loss and thermal conductivity. It was found that the thermal conductivity of the hybrid material reached 123 W·m<sup>–1</sup>·K<sup>–1</sup>, with a shielding effectiveness of 29.3 dB when the SiC addition was 2%. This result indicates that 3D Graphene-CNT-SiC has excellent thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1178-1190"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60878-4
Yao-ming Song , Shi-xin Qiu , Shu-xin Feng , Rui Zuo , Ya-ting Zhang , Ke Jia , Xue Xia , Ming-ming Chen , Ke-meng Ji , Cheng-yang Wang
The quest for sustainable energy storage solutions is more critical than ever, with the rise in global energy demand and the urgency of transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their exceptional electrical conductivity and structural integrity, are at the forefront of this endeavor, offering promising ways for the advance of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. This review provides an analysis of the synthesis, properties, and applications of CNTs in the context of EES. We explore the evolution of CNT synthesis methods, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition, and highlight the recent developments in metal-organic framework-derived CNTs and a novel CNT aggregate with a three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure. We also examine the role of CNTs in improving the performance of various EES devices such as lithium-ion, lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, sodium, and flexible batteries as well as supercapacitors. We underscore the challenges that remain, including the scalability of CNT synthesis and the integration of CNTs in electrode materials, and propose potential solutions and future research directions. The review presents a forward-looking perspective on the pivotal role of CNTs in shaping the future of sustainable EES technologies.
{"title":"A review of carbon nanotubes in modern electrochemical energy storage","authors":"Yao-ming Song , Shi-xin Qiu , Shu-xin Feng , Rui Zuo , Ya-ting Zhang , Ke Jia , Xue Xia , Ming-ming Chen , Ke-meng Ji , Cheng-yang Wang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60878-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60878-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The quest for sustainable energy storage solutions is more critical than ever, with the rise in global energy demand and the urgency of transition from fossil fuels to renewable sources. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their exceptional electrical conductivity and structural integrity, are at the forefront of this endeavor, offering promising ways for the advance of electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices. This review provides an analysis of the synthesis, properties, and applications of CNTs in the context of EES. We explore the evolution of CNT synthesis methods, including arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor deposition, and highlight the recent developments in metal-organic framework-derived CNTs and a novel CNT aggregate with a three-dimensional ordered macroporous structure. We also examine the role of CNTs in improving the performance of various EES devices such as lithium-ion, lithium-metal, lithium-sulfur, sodium, and flexible batteries as well as supercapacitors. We underscore the challenges that remain, including the scalability of CNT synthesis and the integration of CNTs in electrode materials, and propose potential solutions and future research directions. The review presents a forward-looking perspective on the pivotal role of CNTs in shaping the future of sustainable EES technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1037-1074"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60890-5
Zhi-wen Chen , Jing Ren , Jun Qiao , Jian-guo Zhao , Jing-wei Li , Ze-hui Liu , Wei-jia Li , Bao-yan Xing , Jin Zhang , Hui Nie
The effect of functionalized graphene on the growth and development of Vicia faba L. was investigated by analyzing its impact on the composition and diversity of the microbial community in rhizosphere peat soil. Seedlings of V. faba planted in this peat soil were treated with either distilled water (CK) or 25 mg·L−1 (G25) of functionalized graphene solution. Results showed that the height and root length of V. faba seedlings in the G25 group were significantly larger than those in CK group. The microbial community was analyzed by amplifying and sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 region of bacteria and internal transcribed spacer region of fungi in rhizosphere soil using Illumina MiSeq technology. Alpha and beta diversity analysis indicated that functionalized graphene increased the richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi in the V. faba rhizosphere peat soil. The abundances of three nitrogen cycling-related bacteria, Hydrogenophaga, Sphingomonas and Nitrosomonadaceae, were also altered after treatment with the functionalized graphene. The relative abundance of Basilicum, related to soil phosphorus solubilization, decreased in the fungal community, while the relative abundance of Clonostachys and Dimorphospora, which exhibited strong biological control over numerous fungal plant pathogens, nematodes and insects, increased in the soil after functionalized graphene treatment. Redundancy analysis revealed that the potential of hydrogen (pH), organic matter, and total phosphorus contributed the most to the changes in bacterial and fungal community composition in the rhizosphere soil. Overall, our findings suggested that the addition of functionalized graphene altered the relative abundances of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling-related microorganisms in peat soil, promoting changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil and ultimately leading to the improved growth of V. faba plants.
{"title":"Influence of functionalized graphene on the bacterial and fungal diversity of Vicia faba rhizosphere soil","authors":"Zhi-wen Chen , Jing Ren , Jun Qiao , Jian-guo Zhao , Jing-wei Li , Ze-hui Liu , Wei-jia Li , Bao-yan Xing , Jin Zhang , Hui Nie","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60890-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60890-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The effect of functionalized graphene on the growth and development of <em>Vicia faba</em> L. was investigated by analyzing its impact on the composition and diversity of the microbial community in rhizosphere peat soil. Seedlings of <em>V. faba</em> planted in this peat soil were treated with either distilled water (CK) or 25 mg·L<sup>−1</sup> (G25) of functionalized graphene solution. Results showed that the height and root length of <em>V. faba</em> seedlings in the G25 group were significantly larger than those in CK group. The microbial community was analyzed by amplifying and sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3–V4 region of bacteria and internal transcribed spacer region of fungi in rhizosphere soil using Illumina MiSeq technology. Alpha and beta diversity analysis indicated that functionalized graphene increased the richness and diversity of bacteria and fungi in the <em>V. faba</em> rhizosphere peat soil. The abundances of three nitrogen cycling-related bacteria, <em>Hydrogenophaga</em>, <em>Sphingomonas</em> and <em>Nitrosomonadaceae</em>, were also altered after treatment with the functionalized graphene. The relative abundance of <em>Basilicum</em>, related to soil phosphorus solubilization, decreased in the fungal community, while the relative abundance of <em>Clonostachys</em> and <em>Dimorphospora</em>, which exhibited strong biological control over numerous fungal plant pathogens, nematodes and insects, increased in the soil after functionalized graphene treatment. Redundancy analysis revealed that the potential of hydrogen (pH), organic matter, and total phosphorus contributed the most to the changes in bacterial and fungal community composition in the rhizosphere soil. Overall, our findings suggested that the addition of functionalized graphene altered the relative abundances of nitrogen and phosphorus cycling-related microorganisms in peat soil, promoting changes in the physicochemical properties of the soil and ultimately leading to the improved growth of <em>V. faba</em> plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1227-1242"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143311676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60891-7
Gargi Dhiman , Kavita Kumari , Bon-Heun Koo , Faheem Ahmed , Nagih M. Shaalan , Saurabh Dalela , Parvez A. Alvi , Ranjeet Kumar Brajpuriya , Shalendra Kumar
We report an economical approach for the fabrication of laser-produced graphene (LPG) electrodes, which results in an improved electrochemical performance. Polyimide polymer was used as the starting material for LPG synthesis and was irradiated under ambient conditions with a CO2 laser. The prepared LPG samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR, which validated the formation of multilayer graphene containing sp2 hybridized C＝C bonds. FE-SEM revealed three-dimensional (3D) sheet-like structures, while HR-TEM images showed lattice planes with an interplanar spacing of approximately 0.33 nm, corresponding to the (002) plane of graphene. Their electrochemical performance showed a remarkable areal specific capacitance (CA) of 51 mF cm−2 (170 F g−1) at 1 mA cm−2 (3.3 A g−1) in a three-electrode configuration with 1 mol L−1 KOH as the aqueous electrolyte. The LPG electrodes produced an energy density of ~3.5 µWh cm−2 and a power density of ~350 µW cm−2, demonstrating significant energy storage ability. They also had an excellent cycling stability, retaining 87% of their specific capacitance after 3 000 cycles at 1 mA/cm2. A symmetric supercapacitor fabricated with LPG electrodes and the 1 mol L−1 KOH electrolyte had a specific capacitance of 23 mF cm−2 and showed excellent retention after 10 000 cycles, showing LPG's potential for use in supercapacitors.
我们报告了一种经济的方法来制造激光生产石墨烯（LPG）电极，这导致了电化学性能的提高。以聚酰亚胺聚合物为原料合成液化石油气，在常温条件下用CO2激光照射。利用拉曼光谱和红外光谱对制备的LPG样品进行了表征，证实了含有sp2杂化C=C键的多层石墨烯的形成。FE-SEM显示三维（3D）片状结构，而HR-TEM图像显示晶格面，其面间距约为0.33 nm，对应于石墨烯的（002）平面。在1 mol L−1 KOH作为水电解质的三电极结构下，在1 mA cm−2 （3.3 a g−1）下，它们的面积比电容（CA）达到51 mF cm−2 （170 F g−1）。LPG电极产生的能量密度为~3.5µWh cm−2，功率密度为~350µW cm−2，具有显著的储能能力。它们还具有出色的循环稳定性，在1 mA/cm2下循环3000次后保持87%的比电容。用液化气电极和1 mol L−1 KOH电解液制备的对称超级电容器的比电容为23 mF cm−2，循环10000次后保持良好，显示了液化气在超级电容器中的应用潜力。
{"title":"Electrochemical performance of a symmetric supercapacitor device designed using laser-produced multilayer graphene","authors":"Gargi Dhiman , Kavita Kumari , Bon-Heun Koo , Faheem Ahmed , Nagih M. Shaalan , Saurabh Dalela , Parvez A. Alvi , Ranjeet Kumar Brajpuriya , Shalendra Kumar","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60891-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60891-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report an economical approach for the fabrication of laser-produced graphene (LPG) electrodes, which results in an improved electrochemical performance. Polyimide polymer was used as the starting material for LPG synthesis and was irradiated under ambient conditions with a CO<sub>2</sub> laser. The prepared LPG samples were characterized by Raman spectroscopy and FTIR, which validated the formation of multilayer graphene containing sp<sup>2</sup> hybridized C＝C bonds. FE-SEM revealed three-dimensional (3D) sheet-like structures, while HR-TEM images showed lattice planes with an interplanar spacing of approximately 0.33 nm, corresponding to the (002) plane of graphene. Their electrochemical performance showed a remarkable areal specific capacitance (<em>C</em><sub>A</sub>) of 51 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> (170 F g<sup>−1</sup>) at 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> (3.3 A g<sup>−1</sup>) in a three-electrode configuration with 1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> KOH as the aqueous electrolyte. The LPG electrodes produced an energy density of ~3.5 µWh cm<sup>−2</sup> and a power density of ~350 µW cm<sup>−2</sup>, demonstrating significant energy storage ability. They also had an excellent cycling stability, retaining 87% of their specific capacitance after 3 000 cycles at 1 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>. A symmetric supercapacitor fabricated with LPG electrodes and the 1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> KOH electrolyte had a specific capacitance of 23 mF cm<sup>−2</sup> and showed excellent retention after 10 000 cycles, showing LPG's potential for use in supercapacitors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1128-1143"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143311674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60876-0
Jian Gao , Xin-yao Wang , Ling-xin Meng , Zhen Yin , Na Ma , Xiao-yao Tan , Peng Zhang
To replace precious metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts, many transition metals and N-doped carbon composites have been proposed in the last decade resulting in their rapid development as promising non-precious metal catalysts. We used Ketjenblack carbon as the precursor and mixed it with a polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) of [Hvim]NO3 and Fe(NO3)3, which was thermally calcined at 900 °C to produce a porous FeOx, N co-doped carbon material denoted FeOx-N/C. Because the PIL of [Hvim]NO3 strongly combines with and disperses Fe3+ ions, and NO3− is thermally pyrolyzed to form the porous structure, the FeOx-N/C catalyst has a high electrocatalytic activity for the ORR in both 0.1 mol L−1 KOH and 0.5 mol L−1 H2SO4 electrolytes. It was used as the catalyst to assemble a zinc-air battery, which had a peak power density of 185 mW·cm−2. Its superior electrocatalytic activity, wide pH range, and easy preparation make FeOx-N/C a promising electrocatalyst for fuel cells and metal-air batteries.
{"title":"A carbon material doped with both porous FeOx and N as an efficient catalyst for oxygen reduction reactions","authors":"Jian Gao , Xin-yao Wang , Ling-xin Meng , Zhen Yin , Na Ma , Xiao-yao Tan , Peng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60876-0","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60876-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To replace precious metal oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) electrocatalysts, many transition metals and N-doped carbon composites have been proposed in the last decade resulting in their rapid development as promising non-precious metal catalysts. We used Ketjenblack carbon as the precursor and mixed it with a polymeric ionic liquid (PIL) of [Hvim]NO<sub>3</sub> and Fe(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, which was thermally calcined at 900 °C to produce a porous FeO<sub><em>x</em></sub>, N co-doped carbon material denoted FeO<sub><em>x</em></sub>-N/C. Because the PIL of [Hvim]NO<sub>3</sub> strongly combines with and disperses Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions, and NO<sup>3−</sup> is thermally pyrolyzed to form the porous structure, the FeO<sub><em>x</em></sub>-N/C catalyst has a high electrocatalytic activity for the ORR in both 0.1 mol L<sup>−1</sup> KOH and 0.5 mol L<sup>−1</sup> H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolytes. It was used as the catalyst to assemble a zinc-air battery, which had a peak power density of 185 mW·cm<sup>−2</sup>. Its superior electrocatalytic activity, wide pH range, and easy preparation make FeO<sub><em>x</em></sub>-N/C a promising electrocatalyst for fuel cells and metal-air batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1202-1212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143311672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60885-1
Tan Yi , Jun-long Huang , Zong-heng Cen , Yi-wei Ji , Shao-hong Liu
Carbon-based catalysts are promising materials for the electrochemical extraction of uranium from seawater. However, their practical application is often limited by high cost and low catalytic activity. Using low-cost polystyrene sulfonic acid resin and melamine as raw materials, a class of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheets (CNSs) with high catalytic activity has been developed by a low-temperature hydrothermal treatment and high-temperature carbonization. Because of their high conductivity and high catalytic activity, CNS-based electrodes can catalyze uranyl ions in seawater into easily recoverable Na2O(UO3·H2O)x precipitates at −2 V, and achieve an extraction capacity of up to 3 923.7 mg g−1 with a uranium removal of 98.1% in uranium-spiked seawater (1×103 mg L−1). In situ Raman spectroscopy showed that a large number of uranium compounds appeared on the surface of the composite electrode within 40 min of extraction. The electrode also recovered 72.7% of the uranium in natural seawater, demonstrating excellent prospects for this application. This work provides a new approach into the design of low-cost, metal-free electrocatalysts for the efficient uranium extraction from natural seawater.
{"title":"N/S co-doped carbon nanosheets for the efficient electrochemical extraction of uranium from seawater","authors":"Tan Yi , Jun-long Huang , Zong-heng Cen , Yi-wei Ji , Shao-hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60885-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60885-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon-based catalysts are promising materials for the electrochemical extraction of uranium from seawater. However, their practical application is often limited by high cost and low catalytic activity. Using low-cost polystyrene sulfonic acid resin and melamine as raw materials, a class of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped carbon nanosheets (CNSs) with high catalytic activity has been developed by a low-temperature hydrothermal treatment and high-temperature carbonization. Because of their high conductivity and high catalytic activity, CNS-based electrodes can catalyze uranyl ions in seawater into easily recoverable Na<sub>2</sub>O(UO<sub>3</sub>·H<sub>2</sub>O)<sub><em>x</em></sub> precipitates at −2 V, and achieve an extraction capacity of up to 3 923.7 mg g<sup>−1</sup> with a uranium removal of 98.1% in uranium-spiked seawater (1×10<sup>3</sup> mg L<sup>−1</sup>). In situ Raman spectroscopy showed that a large number of uranium compounds appeared on the surface of the composite electrode within 40 min of extraction. The electrode also recovered 72.7% of the uranium in natural seawater, demonstrating excellent prospects for this application. This work provides a new approach into the design of low-cost, metal-free electrocatalysts for the efficient uranium extraction from natural seawater.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1108-1116"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has recently been a fundamental need to develop high efficiency microwave absorbers to reduce electro-magnetic pollution. It is often very difficult to obtain superior absorption with only one material, so we have explored composites using fillers of activated carbon derived from biological material (oleaster seeds) and resin (apricot tree gum) with Fe3O4 in a paraffin wax matrix to improve the dielectric properties and achieve a high specific surface area. A 1 mm thick layer of a Fe3O4 + resin (FEOR), with the magnetic nanoparticles anchored to the gum, resulted in a reflection loss of −71.09 dB. We compared this with the results for composites using a filler of Fe3O4 + activated carbon, and one with a three-component filler of Fe3O4 + activated carbon + resin which had a very porous structure that had a direct effect on the surface polarization. However, the FEOR sample had near-ideal impedance matching, close to 1, which resulted in high absorption performance. In addition, the presence of defects improves microwave attenuation by dipole polarization and charge carrier trapping. This work suggests the use of new types of biomaterials to increase microwave absorption.
{"title":"Electromagnetic wave absorption performance of Fe3O4/activated carbon-natural resin nanocomposite","authors":"Mahsa Mahmoodi , Bagher Aslibeiki , Reza Peymanfar , Hamid Naghshara , Rajesh Kumar Rajagopal , Yue Zhao , Davide Peddis , Tapati Sarkar","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60888-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60888-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There has recently been a fundamental need to develop high efficiency microwave absorbers to reduce electro-magnetic pollution. It is often very difficult to obtain superior absorption with only one material, so we have explored composites using fillers of activated carbon derived from biological material (oleaster seeds) and resin (apricot tree gum) with Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> in a paraffin wax matrix to improve the dielectric properties and achieve a high specific surface area. A 1 mm thick layer of a Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> + resin (FEOR), with the magnetic nanoparticles anchored to the gum, resulted in a reflection loss of −71.09 dB. We compared this with the results for composites using a filler of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> + activated carbon, and one with a three-component filler of Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> + activated carbon + resin which had a very porous structure that had a direct effect on the surface polarization. However, the FEOR sample had near-ideal impedance matching, close to 1, which resulted in high absorption performance. In addition, the presence of defects improves microwave attenuation by dipole polarization and charge carrier trapping. This work suggests the use of new types of biomaterials to increase microwave absorption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1157-1177"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60883-8
Shao-xiong Du , Ling-yu Kong , Lu Liu , Zi-yang Cao , Xi Wu , Bo Sun , Zheng-xuan Li , Wang Yang , Yong-feng Li
Petroleum asphalt, an important by-product of the petrochemical industry, has diverse applications but often suffers from low industrial added value. Because of its low cost, high carbon content, and high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content, appropriate modification can increase its value and expand its energy storage applications. Current research progress on the common preparation methods of petroleum asphalt-based carbon materials, including template-assisted pyrolysis, molten salt treatment, activation, heteroatom doping, and pre-oxidation is reviewed, and its use in supercapacitors and alkali metal ion batteries, is also elaborated. Feasible solutions for the current problems with petroleum asphalt are proposed, with the aim of providing insights into its high value-added utilization.
{"title":"A review of petroleum asphalt-based carbon materials in electrochemical energy storage","authors":"Shao-xiong Du , Ling-yu Kong , Lu Liu , Zi-yang Cao , Xi Wu , Bo Sun , Zheng-xuan Li , Wang Yang , Yong-feng Li","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60883-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60883-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Petroleum asphalt, an important by-product of the petrochemical industry, has diverse applications but often suffers from low industrial added value. Because of its low cost, high carbon content, and high polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content, appropriate modification can increase its value and expand its energy storage applications. Current research progress on the common preparation methods of petroleum asphalt-based carbon materials, including template-assisted pyrolysis, molten salt treatment, activation, heteroatom doping, and pre-oxidation is reviewed, and its use in supercapacitors and alkali metal ion batteries, is also elaborated. Feasible solutions for the current problems with petroleum asphalt are proposed, with the aim of providing insights into its high value-added utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1088-1107"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143312586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Developing lightweight and flexible thin films for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is of great importance. Porous thin films of reduced graphene oxide containing SiC whiskers (SiC@RGO) for EMI shielding were prepared by a two-step reduction of graphene oxide (GO), in which the two steps were chemical reduction by HI and the solid phase microwave irradiation. A significant increase of the film thickness from around 20 to 200 μm was achieved due to the formation of a porous structure by gases released during the 3 s of solid phase microwave irradiation. The total shielding effectiveness (SET) and the reflective SE (SER) of the SiC@RGO porous thin films depended on the GO/SiC mass ratio. The highest SET achieved was 35.6 dB while the SER was only 2.8 dB, when the GO/SiC mass ratio was 4:1. The addition of SiC whiskers was critical for the multi-reflection, interfacial polarization and dielectric attenuation of EM waves. A multilayer film with a gradient change of SE values was constructed using SiC@RGO porous films and multi-walled carbon nanotubes buckypapers. The highest SET of the multilayer films reached 75.1 dB with a SER of 2.7 dB for a film thickness of about 1.5 mm. These porous SiC@RGO thin films should find use in multilayer or sandwich structures for EMI absorption in packaging or lining.
{"title":"Reduced graphene oxide porous films containing SiC whiskers for constructing multilayer electromagnetic shields","authors":"Jing Li, Yi-quan Qi, Shi-xiang Zhao, Han-xun Qiu, Jun-he Yang, Guang-zhi Yang","doi":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60855-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1872-5805(24)60855-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing lightweight and flexible thin films for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding is of great importance. Porous thin films of reduced graphene oxide containing SiC whiskers (SiC@RGO) for EMI shielding were prepared by a two-step reduction of graphene oxide (GO), in which the two steps were chemical reduction by HI and the solid phase microwave irradiation. A significant increase of the film thickness from around 20 to 200 μm was achieved due to the formation of a porous structure by gases released during the 3 s of solid phase microwave irradiation. The total shielding effectiveness (SE<sub><em>T</em></sub>) and the reflective SE (SE<sub><em>R</em></sub>) of the SiC@RGO porous thin films depended on the GO/SiC mass ratio. The highest SE<sub><em>T</em></sub> achieved was 35.6 dB while the SE<sub><em>R</em></sub> was only 2.8 dB, when the GO/SiC mass ratio was 4:1. The addition of SiC whiskers was critical for the multi-reflection, interfacial polarization and dielectric attenuation of EM waves. A multilayer film with a gradient change of SE values was constructed using SiC@RGO porous films and multi-walled carbon nanotubes buckypapers. The highest SE<sub><em>T</em></sub> of the multilayer films reached 75.1 dB with a SE<sub><em>R</em></sub> of 2.7 dB for a film thickness of about 1.5 mm. These porous SiC@RGO thin films should find use in multilayer or sandwich structures for EMI absorption in packaging or lining.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19719,"journal":{"name":"New Carbon Materials","volume":"39 6","pages":"Pages 1191-1201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143311673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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