Pakistan Veterinary Journal最新文献

英文中文

Effects of Oral Administration of Essential Oil (Mix Oil®) on Growth Performance and Intestinal Morphometry of Japanese Quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) 口服精油(混合油®)对日本鹌鹑生长性能和肠道形态的影响

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2020.018

A. Masood

引用次数: 6

Sequestration and Histopathological Changes of the Lung, Kidney and Brain of Mice Infected with Plasmodium berghei that Exposed to Repeated Artemisinin 反复暴露于青蒿素对感染伯氏疟原虫小鼠肺、肾和脑的吸附及组织病理学改变

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.018

L. Maslachah

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: February 03, 2018 June 12, 2018 September 30, 2018 January 28, 2019 The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenesis of malarial infection in rodent as in vivo model in humans due to repeated exposure of artemisinin through organ histopathological picture. Healthy adult Albino swiss mice with average weight of 20-30 g were used for the study. Fifteen mice were divided into three groups: mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei which has been ever treated with artemisinin up to 4 times than treated by artemisinin (T4), infected mice with Plasmodium berghei which untreated by artemisinin as a control (C), infected mice with Plasmodium berghei which has been ever treated by artemisinin 4 times but untreated as a treatment control (TC). T4 group was oral administered with artemisinin which was given with "4-day-test" (4-DT) with ED99 dose (200 mg/kg weight of mice) for 3 days which begins 48 hours after infection but C and TC group were given aquadest. The histopathology of the lung, kidney and brain (cerebrum) was studied by routine histology method with Haematoxylin-Eosin staining. Histopathological parameters including edema, hemosiderin, thickened alveolar septa and inflammatory cell infiltration occurred in the lung. Cast formation, glomerulonephritis, tubular necrosis, and congestion could be seen in the cortex area of the kidney. The brain showed cerebral microvessels congested, hemorrhages and necrosis. In conclusion, repeated artemisinin exposure with repeated passages in mice cause increasing of sequestration on the lung and brain and increasing the histopathological changes of the lung, kidney and brain. ©2018 PVJ. All rights reserved

本研究的目的是通过器官组织病理学图确定反复暴露于青蒿素的啮齿动物疟疾感染的发病机制，作为人体内模型。研究对象为平均体重20-30 g的健康成年瑞士白化病小鼠。将15只小鼠分为三组:感染曾接受青蒿素治疗的伯氏疟原虫的小鼠，其剂量是青蒿素治疗的4倍(T4);感染未经青蒿素治疗的伯氏疟原虫的小鼠，作为对照(C);感染曾接受青蒿素治疗4倍但未经治疗的伯氏疟原虫的小鼠，作为对照(TC)。T4组在感染后48小时开始口服青蒿素，青蒿素与ED99剂量(200 mg/kg小鼠体重)一起给予“4天试验”(4-DT)，持续3天;C组和TC组给予青蒿素。采用常规组织病理学方法对肺、肾、脑(大脑)进行组织病理学观察，并用血红素-伊红染色。肺组织病理参数为水肿、含铁血黄素、肺泡隔增厚、炎性细胞浸润。肾皮质区可见铸型形成、肾小球肾炎、肾小管坏死和充血。脑组织微血管充血、出血坏死。综上所述，重复传代多次暴露青蒿素可导致小鼠肺和脑的隔离增加，肺、肾和脑的组织病理改变增加。©2018 PVJ。版权所有

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引用次数: 3

Pharmacokinetic Evaluation and Dosage Optimization of Ketoprofen in Healthy Beetal Goats 酮洛芬在健康山羊体内的药动学评价及用量优化

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.054

Zaka-ur-Rehman, M. Ashraf, Majeeda Rasheed

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: February 19, 2019 March 04, 2019 March 12, 2019 April 06, 2019 Ketoprofen (KTP) is a frequently used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) in veterinary practice for the treatment of different inflammatory conditions. This work was carried out to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of ketoprofen in healthy beetal goats. Eight goats were administered single intravenous (IV) dose of KTP (3.0mg/kg BW). Blood samples from all the goats were drawn before drug administration and then at different time intervals post administration. The KTP in plasma was estimated by using a high performance liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. Mobile phase was mixture of phosphate buffer and acetonitrile (75:25 v/v). C18 column was used as stationary phase. The flow rate was 1.0ml/minute and temperature of column oven was adjusted to 30°C. Injection volume was 20μl. Wavelength was adjusted to 254nm. The pharmacokinetic parameters of KTP in beetal goats were calculated from plasma concentration-time data with APO MW/PHARM version 3.02 pharmacokinetic software using two compartmental model. The concentration of drug in plasma at different time intervals was calculated with regression/correlation analysis. All data are reported as mean ± SEM. The pharmacokinetic parameters determined are area under the curve (AUC) 7.711±0.60μg.h/ml, maximum concentration (Cmax) 13.64±0.98μg/ml, clearance (Cl) 0.325±0.02L/h/kg, volume of distribution (VD) 1.40±0.132L/kg, steady state volume of distribution (VDss) 0.50±0.09L/kg, half-life (t1/2) 3.10±0.37hrs, and elimination constant (Kel) 2.09±0.29L/hr. Results showed rapid elimination of ketoprofen from goat. Based on pharmacokinetics parameters, KTP at dosage of 2.47mg/kg BW is appropriate in beetal goats and may be repeated after 12 hours. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

接收：修订：接受：在线发布：2019年2月19日2019年3月4日2019年4月12日酮洛芬（KTP）是兽医实践中常用的非甾体抗炎药（NSAID），用于治疗不同的炎症状况。本工作旨在评估酮洛芬在健康甜菜山羊体内的药代动力学参数。8只山羊接受了单次静脉注射（IV）剂量的KTP（3.0mg/kg体重）。在给药前抽取所有山羊的血样，然后在给药后的不同时间间隔抽取血样。采用高效液相色谱法测定血浆KTP。流动相为磷酸盐缓冲液和乙腈（75:25v/v）的混合物。C18柱为固定相。流速为1.0ml/分钟，柱烘箱温度调节至30°C。注射量为20μl。将波长调整为254nm。根据血浆浓度-时间数据，使用APO MW/PHARM 3.02版药代动力学软件，使用双室模型计算KTP在甜菜山羊中的药代动力学参数。通过回归/相关分析计算不同时间间隔的血浆中药物浓度。所有数据均为平均值±SEM。确定的药代动力学参数为曲线下面积（AUC）7.711±0.60μg.h/ml，最大浓度（Cmax）13.64±0.98μg/ml，清除率（Cl）0.325±0.02L/kg，分布体积（VD）1.40±0.132L/kg，稳态分布体积（VDss）0.50±0.09L/kg，半衰期（t1/2）3.10±0.37hrs，消除常数（Kel）为2.09±0.29L/hr。根据药代动力学参数，2.47mg/kg体重的KTP在甜菜山羊中是合适的，并且可以在12小时后重复。©2019 PVJ。保留所有权利

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引用次数: 2

Tracing of Salmonella Contaminations Throughout an Integrated Broiler Production Chain in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt 埃及Dakahlia省肉鸡生产链中沙门氏菌污染的追踪

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.038

M. Elsayed

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: November 26, 2018 January 04, 2019 January 07, 2019 March 16, 2019 The data available regarding the production chain particularly in poultry flocks in Egypt are yet to be fully elucidated. The study aimed at providing an insight into the cross-contamination with Salmonella spp. at three different stages of an integrated broiler production chain. From 440 collected samples, 152 (34.5%) were positive for Salmonella spp. corresponded to samples collected from broiler farms (n=90, 40.9%), slaughter houses contact surfaces (n=12, 24%) and chicken carcass (n=50, 29.4%) in an integrated broiler supply chain. Isolation and identification of salmonella spp. were followed the standard procedures. Genomic bacterial DNA was extracted and confirmed using specific oligonucleotide primers sequences. Salmonella strains were classified into 11 serotypes. Nine different serotypes were found to contaminate thebroiler houses and flocks with the most prevalent serotypes S. Enteritidis (38.8%), S. Kentucky (23.3%) and S. Typhimurium (11.11%). The overall frequency of Salmonella contamination in the live broiler flocks was 40.9% with prevalence of 37.9, 60, 40, 53.3, 60 and 20% from cloacae swabs, litter, feed, water, farms walls and in the hand swabs from workers, respectively. The PCR products of four isolates, (two isolates per S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis) were identified by DNA sequencing to determine the potential genetic relationships in these isolates. The findings of the present study suggested that different Salmonella serotypes can persist along the production chain and that contamination could be linked to the contamination of the final product with a potential health hazard to consumers. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

接收：修订：接受：在线发布：2018年11月26日2019年1月4日2019年01月07日2019年03月16日关于生产链的可用数据，特别是埃及家禽群的可用数据尚未完全阐明。该研究旨在深入了解沙门氏菌在肉鸡综合生产链的三个不同阶段的交叉污染。在440个采集的样本中，152个（34.5%）对沙门氏菌呈阳性。对应于从肉鸡综合供应链中的肉鸡养殖场（n=90，40.9%）、屠宰场接触面（n=12，24%）和鸡胴体（n=50，29.4%）采集的样本。沙门氏菌的分离和鉴定遵循标准程序。使用特异性寡核苷酸引物序列提取并确认基因组细菌DNA。沙门氏菌菌株分为11个血清型。发现9种不同的血清型污染肉鸡舍和鸡群，其中最常见的血清型为肠炎沙门氏菌（38.8%）、肯塔基沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌。活肉鸡群中沙门氏菌污染的总频率为40.9%，阴沟拭子、垃圾、饲料、水、，农场墙壁和工人的手拭子。通过DNA测序鉴定了四个分离株（每个鼠伤寒沙门氏菌和肠炎沙门氏菌两个分离株）的PCR产物，以确定这些分离株中的潜在遗传关系。本研究的结果表明，不同的沙门氏菌血清型可以在生产链上持续存在，污染可能与最终产品的污染有关，对消费者的健康有潜在危害。©2019 PVJ。保留所有权利

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引用次数: 3

Comparative Association of slc11a1 (Nramp1) Gene with Susceptibility and Resistance to Brucellosis in Various Cattle and Buffaloes Breeds of Pakistan slc11a1 (Nramp1)基因与巴基斯坦不同品种牛和水牛对布鲁氏菌病的易感和抗性比较

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.091

R. Akhtar

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: February 19, 2019 June 20, 2019 July 03, 2019 August 15, 2019 It is observed that different Nramp1 genotypes are linked with Brucella resistance or susceptibility. So, current study aimed to find the Brucella resistance and susceptibility of local and exotic breeds of Pakistan on the basis of Nramp1 genotypes. Two breeds of buffaloes and five breeds of cattle were screened for brucellosis. The overall seropositivity determined by RBPT in cattle and buffaloes was 77.5% and 33.5% respectively. PCR results showed 54.5 and 25% brucella positive cases in cattle and buffaloes respectively. Nili-Ravi buffaloes pertain resistant genotype Nramp1 BB as compared to Kundi breeds of buffaloes possessed susceptible genotype Nramp1 AA. Similarly, Sahiwal breed was more resistant for brucellosis compared to cross breeds and Friesian. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Nramp1 gene of local breed had more closeness with B. taurus of China. This gene resistance can be used for genomic selection of animals to reduce disease cost and economic losses due to brucellosis. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

接收：修订：接受：在线发布：2019年2月19日2019年6月20日2019年7月3日2019年8月15日据观察，不同的Nramp1基因型与布鲁氏菌耐药性或易感性有关。因此，本研究旨在以Nramp1基因型为基础，了解巴基斯坦本地和外来品种对布鲁氏菌的抗性和易感性。对两个品种的水牛和五个品种的牛进行了布鲁氏菌病筛查。RBPT测定牛和水牛的总血清阳性率分别为77.5%和33.5%。PCR结果显示牛和水牛布鲁氏菌阳性率分别为54.5%和25%。与Kundi品种相比，Nili Ravi水牛属于抗性基因型Nramp1 BB。与杂交品种和Friesian相比，Sahiwal品种对布鲁氏菌病的抗性更强。系统发育分析表明，本地品种Nramp1基因与中国牛牛亲缘关系更为密切。这种基因抗性可用于动物的基因组选择，以减少布鲁氏菌病造成的疾病成本和经济损失。©2019 PVJ。保留所有权利

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引用次数: 5

Efficacy of Three Different Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) Vaccines and Determination of Appropriate Age of PPR Vaccination in Lambs 三种小反刍兽疫疫苗的效果及适宜接种年龄的确定

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.063

H. Irshad, Aman Ullah, A. Ahsan, A. B. Zahur, M. J. Basra, Mehreen Azhar, M. Afzal, M. Jahangir

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: January 08, 2019 March 08, 2019 March 20, 2019 April 23, 2019 The study evaluated the efficacy of three different Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) vaccines and assessed the appropriate age of vaccination in lambs born without maternal antibodies at Livestock Experimental Station, Rakh Ghulaman. The lambs (n=94) were divided into ten groups. The lambs in Group A1 (1-<2 month), A2 (2-3 months) and A3 (>3 months) were vaccinated with PPR vaccine from company A and the lambs in Group B1 (1-<2 month), B2 (2-3 months) and B3 (>3 months) were vaccinated with PPR vaccine from company B. However, PPR vaccine from company C was given to four groups of lambs (Group C1, C2, C3 and C4). Serum samples were collected from experimental animals at monthly intervals for five months. Sera were analyzed using c-ELISA. The results indicated that most appropriate age of vaccination against PPR in lambs without maternal antibodies is 2-3 months with any of three vaccines. However, vaccine C may also be used at the age of < 1 month to get protection against PPR. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

收到：修订：接受：在线发布：2019年1月8日2019年3月8日3月20日2019年4月23日该研究评估了三种不同的小反刍动物（PPR）疫苗的疗效，并评估了在Rakh Ghulaman牲畜实验站出生的没有母体抗体的羔羊的适当接种年龄。将94只羔羊分为10组。A1组（1-3个月）的羔羊接种了A公司的PPR疫苗，B1组（1-3月）的羊羔接种了B公司的PR疫苗。然而，C公司的PPR疫苗接种给了四组羔羊（C1、C2、C3和C4组）。每隔五个月从实验动物身上采集一次血清样本。使用c-ELISA分析血清。结果表明，对没有母体抗体的羔羊接种PPR疫苗的最合适年龄是2-3个月，接种三种疫苗中的任何一种。然而，疫苗C也可以在<1个月大时使用，以获得预防PPR的保护。©2019 PVJ。保留所有权利

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引用次数: 0

Gross Morphological and Ontological Studies on Pituitary of Camel (Camelus dromedarius) 骆驼垂体的大体形态学和本体学研究

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.116

S. Jaspal, Zia-ur-Rahman, A. M. Cheema

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: March 24, 2018 May 17, 2019 October 22, 2019 November 11, 2019 Thirty normal male and female camels (Camelus dromedarius) with three age groups (2-4, 5-10 and 11-onward years) were selected for pituitary gross morphological and ontological studies. Body weight and pituitary were recorded; Mean body weight of camels and mean relative pituitary gland weight as a percent of body weight were calculated. In camels of age greater than 11 years, body weight significantly correlated with relative pituitary weight (r=-0.754*), overall correlation of female body weight and pituitary weight irrespective of their age was highly significant (r=0.888**). Whereas, the body weight of female camel between 5-10 years of age reflected a significant correlation with relative pituitary weight (r=0.882*). The cells of adenohypophysis were arranged in the cluster and formed the pars distalis and pars intermedia. Overall acidophil in the pituitary of camels were higher than chromophobes and basophils while basophils were the lowest in number as compared to other two types of cells. It is concluded that body weight of camel is suggestive of its correlation with pituitary weight, sex and age. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

接收：修订：接受：在线发布：2018年3月24日2019年5月17日2019年10月22日2019年11月11日选择30头三个年龄组（2-4岁、5-10岁和11岁以上）的正常雄性和雌性骆驼（骆驼）进行垂体毛形态和本体研究。记录体重和垂体；计算了骆驼的平均体重和垂体的平均相对重量（占体重的百分比）。在年龄大于11岁的骆驼中，体重与垂体相对重量显著相关（r=-0.754*），无论年龄大小，雌性体重与垂体重量的总体相关性都非常显著（r=0.888**），5～10岁雌性骆驼的体重与垂体相对重量呈显著相关（r＝0.882＊），腺垂体细胞呈簇状排列，形成远侧部和中间部。骆驼垂体中的总嗜酸性细胞高于嫌色细胞和嗜碱性细胞，而与其他两种类型的细胞相比，嗜碱性细胞的数量最低。结果表明，骆驼的体重与垂体重量、性别和年龄有关。©2019 PVJ。保留所有权利

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引用次数: 0

Recovery of Chickens Affected with Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Application of Grape Seed Extract through Downregulating CA2 Gene and Enhancing Liver Functions 应用葡萄籽提取物下调CA2基因增强肝功能修复胫骨软骨发育不良鸡

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.076

Hammad Qamar

引用次数: 5

Nickel Nanoparticles Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats: Influence of Particle Size 镍纳米颗粒对大鼠肾毒性的影响

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.106

S. Z. Abdulqadir

Received: Revised: Accepted: Published online: October 21, 2018 May 28, 2019 August 21, 2019 October 15, 2019 Since nickel compounds are carcinogenic and strong toxicants to the various organs, it is necessary to carry out extra in vivo trials on Nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) to demonstrate their influences on health pragmatically. The current study was executed to scrutinize the expected undesired impacts of various sizes of NiNPs on renal nephrons of rats. To meet the trial requirements, a total of 24 male Wistar rats, each 12 weeks old were allocated randomly into four groups (n=6). Group 1 was designed as the control (only given sodium chloride 0.9%) while the other three groups (2, 3 and 4) of the experimental animals were exposed to intraperitonial NiNPs (20mg/kg B.W) daily at three sizes (20 nm, 40 nm and 70 nm) for 28 days. Inflammatory cells aggregations of infiltrated leucocytes and degeneration of the proximal tubular cells were the most frequent histopathological features in the NiNPs treated groups which indicates a NiNPs-induced nephrotoxicity. Biochemical analysis of tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and serum creatinine were performed. MDA level was significantly elevated (P≤0.05) in all NiNPs treated groups as compared to the control group. All the three NiNPs groups revealed a significant tissue SOD and serum creatinine elevation as compared to the control group (P≤0.05). Furthermore, a significant increase in the p53 positive kidney tubular cells was detected in NiNPs treated groups as compared to control group (P≤0.05). All alterations above in the treated rats were size dependent; the smallest NiNPs being more toxic than the largest ones. ©2019 PVJ. All rights reserved

由于镍化合物具有致癌性和对各器官的强毒性，因此有必要对镍纳米颗粒(NiNPs)进行额外的体内试验，以实际证明其对健康的影响。目前的研究是为了仔细检查不同大小的NiNPs对大鼠肾单位的预期不良影响。为满足试验要求，取24只12周龄雄性Wistar大鼠，随机分为4组(n=6)。第1组为对照组(仅给予0.9%氯化钠)，其余3组(2、3、4组)分别以20、40、70 nm 3种不同剂量，每天腹腔内注射NiNPs (20mg/kg B.W)，连续28 d。浸润白细胞的炎症细胞聚集和近端肾小管细胞变性是NiNPs治疗组中最常见的组织病理学特征，这表明NiNPs诱导的肾毒性。进行组织丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和血清肌酐的生化分析。与对照组相比，各NiNPs治疗组MDA水平均显著升高(P≤0.05)。与对照组相比，三个NiNPs组的组织SOD和血清肌酐均显著升高(P≤0.05)。此外，与对照组相比，NiNPs处理组p53阳性肾小管细胞显著增加(P≤0.05)。治疗大鼠的上述所有变化都是大小依赖性的;最小的NiNPs比最大的毒性更大。©2019 PVJ。版权所有

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引用次数: 4

Protective Effect of Yeast Sludge and Whey Powder against Ochratoxicosis in Broiler Chicks 酵母泥和乳清粉对肉鸡赭石中毒的保护作用

IF 2.3 3区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Pakistan Veterinary Journal

Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.29261/pakvetj/2019.077

H. Mujahid

引用次数: 10

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