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Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building最新文献

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Analysis of the features of the hardware and technological design of the process of high-temperature activation of carbon material 分析了炭素材料高温活化工艺的硬件特点和工艺设计
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-8-68-77
I. Shubin, A. .. Popova
The relevance of research in the development of activated carbon materials with a high specific surface area and porosity, which can be used as materials for the separation or storage of various liquid and gaseous media, is shown. A plurality of approaches to the implementation of the activation process is noted, characterized mainly by the accumulation of experimental data and laboratory studies. The process of high-temperature activation of carbon material was studied using the synergistic effect of two activators on the activated material. The features of the flow of this process and the relationship between the regime parameters and the design of the equipment are established. The characteristics of the obtained activated carbon material, namely the parameters of the specific surface area and porosity, are analyzed. Solutions are proposed aimed at reducing the ambiguity in the design of hardware and technological design of the high-temperature activation process.
显示了研究开发具有高比表面积和孔隙率的活性炭材料的相关性,该材料可作为分离或储存各种液体和气体介质的材料。注意到实施激活过程的多种方法,其主要特点是实验数据和实验室研究的积累。利用两种活化剂对活化材料的协同作用,研究了碳材料的高温活化过程。建立了该工艺流程的特点以及工艺参数与设备设计的关系。分析了所得活性炭材料的特性,即比表面积和孔隙率参数。针对高温活化工艺硬件设计和工艺设计中的歧义,提出了相应的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
The use of a multiphase specific speed for the analysis and improvement of the designs of blade machines for working on gas-liquid mixtures
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-8-96-108
A. Trulev, S. Timushev, V. Lomakin, E. Shmidt
To increase the oil recovery factor, the bottom-hole pressure is reduced, which is accompanied by an increase in the free gas and mechanical impurities content at the pump inlet. As a rule, the serial equipment is not providing reliable and efficient operation in such conditions. In oil producing wells with the high free gas content, efficiency of the multiphase modules blade stages could be increased by correct selection of the serial equipment and introduction of the new design solutions. The paper analyzes specifics of the gas-liquid mixture flow in the flow path of the blade multiphase stages pumping the gas-liquid mixtures. Recommendations are provided for improving the flow path taking into account the multiphase specific speed coefficient formula. It is proposed to use the multiphase coefficient along with the cavitation specific speed coefficient in development of the blade pumps operating under the steam cavitation conditions.
为了提高采收率,降低井底压力,同时增加泵入口处的游离气体和机械杂质含量。通常,串行设备不能在这种条件下提供可靠和高效的运行。在自由气含量较高的油井中,通过正确选择串联设备和引入新的设计方案,可以提高多相模块叶片级的效率。本文分析了叶片多相级泵送气液混合气的流道中气液混合气的流动特点。考虑到多相比速度系数公式,提出了改进流道的建议。在蒸汽汽蚀工况下叶片泵的研制中,提出将多相系数与空化比转速系数结合使用。
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引用次数: 0
Gravitational transport system, its principles of construction and management 重力输运系统,其建设和管理原则
Pub Date : 2023-08-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-8-41-50
O.A. Kabyshev, M. Maslakov, V. Khmara, A. Kabyshev
The paper considers the principle of constructing a gravitational transport system designed for container transportation of the technological materials. It proposes a scheme of the transport system providing the container shuttle motion between the stations. A scheme is developed, and description of the stations operation principle is presented being a part of the transport system; the compressed air energy is used there to provide transport container with the potential energy ensuring its motion along the transport route under the gravity influence. The proposed station scheme makes it possible to consider the station as a functionally complete module forming the basis for possible development of the extended transport systems with various configurations. An algorithm for the station functioning was developed that implemented the processes of sending and receiving a container. A microprocessor system for managing the station mechanisms is proposed, which controls the sensor signals state and generates control signals for the compressed air distributors. A computer model of the control system was designed and developed to debug algorithms for controlling the transport system stations. The considered schemes and algorithm are intended to develop the technological transport lines.
本文研究了为工艺原料集装箱运输设计的重力输送系统的原理。提出了一种提供车站间集装箱穿梭运动的运输系统方案。提出了一种方案,并阐述了该站作为运输系统的一部分的运行原理;利用压缩空气能量为运输集装箱提供势能,保证其在重力作用下沿运输路线运动。拟议的车站方案可以将车站视为一个功能完整的模块,为各种配置的扩展运输系统的可能发展奠定基础。开发了车站功能的算法,实现了发送和接收容器的过程。提出了一种用于站内机构管理的微处理器系统,控制传感器信号的状态,为压缩空气分配器生成控制信号。设计并开发了控制系统的计算机模型,用于调试控制运输系统站点的算法。所考虑的方案和算法旨在开发技术运输线路。
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引用次数: 0
Calculation of specific pressures in gate valves at the gas pressure of up to 105 MPa 计算闸阀在气体压力高达105兆帕时的比压力
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-107-112
I.R. Chinyayev
In power calculation of the valves, maximum specific pressures at the gate valves are determined only in the closed position, not taking into account decrease at the sealing fields contact area between the slide valve (wedge) and the valve seats in opening, throughput characteristic of the slide valve and working medium flow rate and density. Results are provided of calculating specific pressures at the gate of the slide valve DN 150 PN 25 MPa LLC “Scientific and Production Company “MKT-ASDM” at the gas pressure drop of up to 105 MPa depending on the slide walk stroke and taking into account the gas flow rate and density using the valve actual throughput characteristics. Specific pressures of maximum values were achieved in the slide valve relative stroke range of 0.1…0.2. It is recommended to determine the specific pressure maximum value taking into account reduction in the sealing fields contact area when the wedge is raised, throughput characteristic of the sliding gate valve and the working media flow rate and density. This should be done after calculating the specific pressure with gate valve closed according to the well-known method used in the valves’ power calculation
在阀门的功率计算中,仅确定闸阀在关闭位置时的最大比压力,而没有考虑滑阀(楔)与阀座开启时密封场接触面积的减小、滑阀的流量特性以及工作介质的流量和密度。计算结果提供了在气体压降高达105 MPa的情况下,根据滑块行走行程,并考虑到气体流量和密度,使用阀门的实际流量特性,计算滑阀dn150 PN 25 MPa闸口压力。在滑阀相对行程0.1 ~ 0.2范围内,比压力达到最大值。在确定比压力最大值时,建议综合考虑楔形凸起时密封场接触面积的减小、滑动闸阀的流量特性以及工作介质的流量和密度等因素。这应在闸阀关闭的情况下,根据阀门功率计算中常用的方法计算出比压力后进行
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引用次数: 0
Stabilizing active suspension of the aerostat radar station rotating antenna 浮空器雷达站旋转天线主动悬架的稳定
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-12-21
S. Sayapin
The paper considers the problem of the precision accurate angular orientation and stabilization of the radar station rotating antenna suspended from the tethered balloon and exposed to external vibrational influences capable of leading to significant amplitudes of the low-frequency oscillations in roll and pitch (±15°) at the angular velocity of 10 s-1. Analysis of the known solutions to this problem demonstrated that they all were reduced to the aerostat stabilizers in the form of the tail assembly, as well as to using passive or active stabilizing suspensions. It was noted that gimbal or other suspension with formation of a physical pendulum was used in passive suspensions that were unable to meet modern requirements for accuracy of orientation and stabilization of the rotation axis of the aerostat radar antenna (no more than 6’). Additional use of the servo drives with the self-braking mechanical gears or introduction of the active suspension based on a tripod in combination with the pendulum suspension would inevitably lead to an increase in mass, energy consumption and cost. Possibility of solving this problem is shown on the example of a stabilizing active suspension constructed using the pneumatic automation system elements. A stabilizing active suspension for the rotating antenna of an aerostat radar station is proposed. The proposed suspension is universal and could be used in other areas, for example, in lifting and transport systems designed to work with the objects of increased hazard, as well as in precise installation works in the hard-to-reach locations, for example, with using helicopters or high-altitude cranes.
本文研究了悬挂在系绳气球上的雷达站旋转天线在以10 s-1的角速度产生显著的横摇和俯仰低频振荡(±15°)的外部振动影响下的精密、精确角定向和稳定问题。对这个问题的已知解决方案的分析表明,他们都减少到浮空器稳定器的形式的尾部组件,以及使用被动或主动稳定悬架。有人指出,在被动悬架中使用的万向架或其他形成物理摆的悬架不能满足现代对浮空器雷达天线的定向精度和旋转轴稳定(不超过6英尺)的要求。额外使用带有自制动机械齿轮的伺服驱动器或引入基于三脚架与钟摆悬挂相结合的主动悬架,将不可避免地导致质量、能耗和成本的增加。以气动自动化系统元件构成的稳定主动悬架为例,说明了解决这一问题的可能性。提出了一种用于浮空器雷达站旋转天线的稳定主动悬架。拟议的悬挂是通用的,可用于其他领域,例如,用于设计用于危险增加的物体的起重和运输系统,以及在难以到达的地点进行精确安装工作,例如,使用直升机或高空起重机。
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引用次数: 0
Mathematical model of a wave gear with the external deformation waves generator 带外变形波发生器的波浪齿轮的数学模型
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-3-11
G. Timofeev, I. Lyuminarsky, S. Lyuminarsky
The paper considers a spatial mathematical model of a wave gear with the annular generator of the external deformation waves. Calculation method was based on determination of the elastic interaction between flexible wheel, rigid wheel and wave generator. Numerical studies confirmed the adequacy of the proposed mathematical model. Theoretical studies of the influence of preload in the gearing and initial clearance between the flexible wheel and the deforming washers on the forces acting on the wave generator bearings were conducted. It is shown that a decrease in the specified clearance leads to an increase in loads on the bearings. By calculation, torsional rigidity characteristics of the wave gear with an external deformation generator were obtained for various interference values in the gearing and the clearance.
本文考虑了带环形外变形波发生器的波齿轮的空间数学模型。计算方法基于确定柔性轮、刚性轮与造波器之间的弹性相互作用。数值研究证实了所提数学模型的充分性。理论研究了齿轮传动中的预紧力和柔性轮与变形垫圈之间的初始间隙对作用在波浪发生器轴承上的力的影响。结果表明,指定间隙的减小会导致轴承上载荷的增加。通过计算,得到了带外变形源的波齿轮在不同啮合干涉值和间隙下的扭转刚度特性。
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引用次数: 0
Computational, theoretical and experimental study of cavitation characteristics of the gate wellhead devices with the internal bypass 内旁通闸口装置空化特性的计算、理论和实验研究
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-84-92
V. Z. Muftakhov
Hydraulic systems include control devices that create local resistance. Decreasing and increasing the working medium pressure and flow rate in the control devices cause cavitation, vibration, noise, material destruction, increase in the energy losses and decrease in the efficiency, which adverse effects could be reduced by using a bypass. One of the important tasks in designing the control devices is establishment of the cavitation characteristics. Introduction of an internal bypass in such devices makes it possible to reduce forces on the control elements displacement and the specific pressures in opening and closing, as well as to locate the cavitation bubbles collapse point in the flow behind the control gates. The paper presents results of a computational theoretical study using a modern complex of engineering analysis and experimental determination of the cavitation characteristics of the gate wellhead device with an internal bypass.
液压系统包括产生局部阻力的控制装置。控制装置中工作介质压力和流量的降低和增加会引起空化、振动、噪声、材料破坏、能量损失增加和效率降低,采用旁路可以减小这些不利影响。空化特性的确定是控制装置设计的重要内容之一。在这种装置中引入内部旁路,可以减少控制元件位移的力和打开和关闭时的比压力,并可以确定控制门后流动中的空化气泡崩溃点。本文介绍了采用现代工程分析和实验测定相结合的方法,对带内旁路的闸门井口装置的空化特性进行计算理论研究的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of the heat-transfer agent flow nonstationarity in the matrix channel of a rotating heat exchanger on its thermal parameters with the laminar flow 旋转换热器基质通道内换热剂流动非平稳性对层流传热参数的影响
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-77-83
A. Kostyukov, L. Kosach, V.G. Merzliki
The paper studies influence of the non-stationarity process of the laminar gas flow in the band flat matrix channel of the rotating heat exchanger on its thermal characteristics. Conjugate heat transfer was mathematically simulated with the airflow along the steel walls forming the channel under study. In view of peculiarities of the rotating heat exchanger operation and to obtain parameters of the conjugate heat transfer in the nominal mode, mathematical simulation was performed many times using the results previously obtained as the initial conditions for the following calculations. It was established that gas flow in the investigated matrix channel of the heat exchanger became cyclically repetitive after the sixty cycles. Distribution curves of Nusselt criterion local values along the channel length at all time steps of the gas flow process, as well as the Nusselt criterion values averaged over the channel length were obtained. It was shown that the length-averaged Nusselt criterion value was smoothly increasing with time. The time-averaged Nusselt criterion value was determined, and it was somewhat exceeding the values obtained in the stationary setting.
本文研究了旋转换热器带式平面矩阵通道内层流气流的非平稳性过程对其热特性的影响。用数学方法模拟了气流沿钢壁形成通道的共轭传热过程。考虑到旋转换热器运行的特殊性,为了得到公称模式下共轭换热的参数,将之前得到的结果作为后续计算的初始条件,进行了多次数学模拟。结果表明,经过60次循环后,所研究的换热器基质通道内的气体流动出现了循环重复。得到了气体流动过程各时间步长的努塞尔准则局部值沿通道长度的分布曲线,以及沿通道长度平均的努塞尔准则值。结果表明,长度平均的努塞尔判据值随时间平稳增加。确定了时间平均努塞尔判据值,该值在一定程度上超过了在平稳设置中获得的值。
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引用次数: 0
Ensuring high-quality machining of the inner surface of the electric welded pipes during deburring in the mill line 保证电焊管在磨线去毛刺过程中内表面的高质量加工
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-43-53
A. Shibanov
The paper presents results of reviewing literary and patent sources on design and technological solutions in grinding (notching) the internal burr in the electric welded pipes production. Based on the review data, optimal designs were determined of the internal deburring stabbing tool located on the deburring machine rod. Studies were carried out on stabbing the internal burr in the production of pipes with the diameter of 60.3...73.0 mm in the pipe electric welding unit line using various methods and design solutions. Quantitative indicators were analyzed of designs of the internal deburring machine rods with the deburring function. Based on results of the practical studies of various methods for dividing the internal burr into parts in the mill line, the optimal option for designing the internal deburring machine rod was determined. This design makes it possible to reduce the number of emergency stops at clogging with long segments of the remote burr by the mill transport line, increase coefficient of the equipment (mill) effective operation and the yield of the useful products, as well as ensure the high-quality washing out of small segments of the removed internal burr inside the pipe with a high-pressure water jet at the flushing operations.
本文介绍了电焊管生产中磨削(切槽)内毛刺的设计和技术解决方案的文献和专利资料。根据评审数据,确定了位于去毛刺机床杆上的内去毛刺刀的优化设计。采用多种方法和设计方案,对管材电焊机组生产线上直径为60.3 ~ 73.0 mm管材的内毛刺刺除进行了研究。对具有去毛刺功能的内去毛刺机棒材的设计进行了定量指标分析。根据铣削生产线内毛刺分块的各种方法的实际研究结果,确定了内毛刺机杆的最优设计方案。本设计可以减少磨机输送线长段远程毛刺堵塞时的紧急停机次数,提高设备(磨机)的有效运行系数和有用产品的产出率,并保证在冲洗作业时高压水射流对管道内去除的小段内毛刺进行高质量的冲洗。
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引用次数: 0
Studying resonance characteristics of the of drawing installation oscillatory systems 研究了拉丝装置振动系统的谐振特性
Pub Date : 2023-07-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-7-35-42
Y. Novikov, V. Novikov
The paper presents review and numerical analytical calculation of the most common ultrasonic oscillatory systems. Resonance characteristics of the waveguides were measured at their analysis stage using the ANSYS CAE system. Resonant characteristics of the manufactured acoustic systems were measured on the experimental ultrasonic equipment. Distinctive features of the bimetallic copper-silver wire being a promising material for medical use, electronic components and measuring transducers are provided. Technique was developed for synthesizing and analyzing the waveguide systems for drawing the bimetallic copper-silver wire excluding the waveguide fitting operation in its manufacture. Study results are expanding scientific knowledge in the methodology of synthesis and analysis of the ultrasonic oscillatory systems of the drawing installations and could be used in design of the ultrasonic equipment.
本文对最常见的超声振荡系统进行了综述和数值分析计算。利用ANSYS CAE系统在分析阶段测量了波导的共振特性。在实验超声设备上测量了制备的声学系统的谐振特性。介绍了双金属铜银线在医疗、电子元件和测量传感器等领域的应用前景。提出了一种综合分析双金属铜银线拉拔波导系统的技术,排除了制作过程中的波导拟合操作。研究结果拓展了绘图装置超声振荡系统综合分析方法的科学知识,可用于超声设备的设计。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building
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