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Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building最新文献

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Ultrasonic quality control of the aerial vehicle fiberglass structural elements impregnation with the organic resins 有机树脂浸渍飞行器玻璃纤维结构元件的超声质量控制
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-46-54
D. Chulkov, A. Terekhin, M. Tipikin, A. Dumansky
Fiberglass products after molding and heat treatment are impregnated with the organosilicon resin to increase heat resistance followed by polymerization by heat treatment. A method for non-destructive quality control of the composite-profile products impregnation made of fiberglass plastics with the organosilicon resin is proposed. Results of experimental work are presented on the study of alteration in the longitudinal ultrasonic waves speed in structural elements of the aerial vehicles made of fiberglass before and after impregnation with the organosilicon resin, i.e. the MFSS-8 product. Besides, alteration in the longitudinal ultrasonic waves speed in the fiberglass samples violating the impregnation technology are demonstrated.
玻璃纤维制品经过成型和热处理后,用有机硅树脂浸渍以增加耐热性,然后通过热处理进行聚合。提出了一种玻璃纤维塑料与有机硅树脂浸渍复合型材产品的无损质量控制方法。介绍了用有机硅树脂(MFSS-8)浸渍玻璃纤维飞行器结构部件前后纵向超声声速变化的实验研究结果。此外,还验证了浸渍工艺对玻璃纤维试样纵向超声波传播速度的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic balance generalized problem and the promising areas of its application 动态平衡广义问题及其应用前景
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-14-24
A. Gorobtsov
The paper considers the generalized problem of the machines and mechanisms dynamic balance in terms of ensuring the given laws of altering reactions in the selected links. Representation of equations of the mechanical systems dynamics in the form of differential algebraic equations was used making it possible to obtain mathematical models of the nonlinear mechanical systems dynamics with the arbitrary structure of kinematic and force connections. With this approach, the constraint reactions are determined by algebraic equations from the system coordinates. The problem solution is based on changing the bonds selected reactions due to the impact on reactions in the other selected bonds by adding non-stationary terms to the selected bonds equation. Conditions for rigorous solution of the optimal control problem for a mechanical system are shown for the integral quality criterion not explicitly containing the control functions. The method is aimed at numerical models of the mechanical systems widely used in the programs for dynamic analysis of the coupled systems of bodies. Test examples are provided for manipulator, anthropomorphic robot and controlled suspension of a transport vehicle. The method was realized in the software package for simulating the controlled motion dynamics of the coupled systems of bodies.
从保证所选环节中给定的变化反应规律的角度,研究了机械机构动平衡的广义问题。采用微分代数方程的形式来表示机械系统动力学方程,从而可以得到具有任意运动和力连接结构的非线性机械系统动力学的数学模型。利用该方法,约束反应由系统坐标的代数方程确定。问题的解决方法是通过在所选键方程中加入非平稳项来改变所选键的反应,因为这对其他所选键的反应有影响。给出了不显式包含控制函数的机械系统积分质量准则的最优控制问题严格解的条件。该方法针对的是在物体耦合系统动力学分析程序中广泛使用的力学系统的数值模型。提供了机械臂、拟人机器人和运输车辆控制悬架的测试实例。该方法在物体耦合系统受控运动动力学仿真软件包中实现。
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引用次数: 0
Digital technology in information selection and transformation to control and support the product lifecycle 数字技术在信息选择和转换中控制和支持产品生命周期
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-3-13
O. Burlachenko, O. Oganesyan
The paper considers possibilities of the digital technologies to control and manage each stage of the product lifecycle. The main software systems used to control and manage the product lifecycle at various stages are provided. Based on analyzing a number of scientific publications, assessment was made of the implementation level of such software products at each stage of the product lifecycle, and advantages of their introduction are presented. It is noted that mechanical engineering is the leader in implementing the appropriate digital technologies. The other industries are just adapting the previously developed technologies to specific conditions of the production process. However, certain issues of using modern digital technologies, in particular the blockchain, in relation to separate stages of the product lifecycle are still insufficiently studied. The basis of a new digital technology to control, manage and support the product lifecycle was developed, i.e. technology for selecting and transforming the necessary information into the product digital environment, in particular, in the mechanical engineering products in general. The essence of the proposed technology is briefly stated. Main differences from the existing blockchain technologies are listed regarding efficiency (since the software is constantly updated with more advanced versions) and incomplete data availability, which is due to maintaining the required level of security.
本文考虑了数字技术控制和管理产品生命周期各个阶段的可能性。提供了用于控制和管理产品生命周期各个阶段的主要软件系统。在分析一些科学出版物的基础上,对此类软件产品在产品生命周期的各个阶段的实施水平进行了评估,并提出了其引入的优势。值得注意的是,机械工程在实施适当的数字技术方面处于领先地位。其他行业只是将以前开发的技术用于生产过程的特定条件。然而,与产品生命周期的不同阶段有关的使用现代数字技术(特别是区块链)的某些问题仍然没有得到充分研究。开发了控制、管理和支持产品生命周期的新数字技术的基础,即选择必要信息并将其转换为产品数字环境的技术,特别是在机械工程产品中。简要说明了所提出的技术的本质。与现有区块链技术的主要区别在于效率(因为软件不断更新更高级的版本)和不完整的数据可用性,这是由于维持所需的安全级别。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the imprint geometric parameters and pressure in the working tool contact zone under the reversible surface plastic deformation 可逆表面塑性变形下刀具接触区压印几何参数和压力的评价
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-34-45
S. Zaides, H. Nguyen
The article presents the results of modeling and determining the influence of the parameters of reverse surface plastic deformation on the geometric characteristics of the plastic imprint and the pressure in the contact zone of the working tool under static and reverse impact. Using the software for 3D design SOLID WORKS-2019 and computational modeling in ANSYS-19.1, a finite element model of the contact zone was built to determine the geometric characteristics of the plastic indentation and the contact pressure between the working tool and the surface of the workpiece, depending on the geometry of the working tool, reversing frequency its rotation, the initial angle of installation and the amplitude of the angle of reverse rotation of the working tool. Based on the obtained results, to increase the pressure in the contact zone of the working tool with the workpiece, which affects the degree of hardening and smoothing of microroughnesses of the workpiece surface and the formation of compressive residual stresses, it is recommended to use the following parameters and hardening modes: working roller with a diameter of 20–30 mm, with a profile radius of 2 –2.5 mm, distance between tops of working roller profile 1.5–2 mm, initial installation angle of the working roller 90о, amplitude of the reverse rotation angle of the working roller ±6 – ±8о and reverse speed of the working roller 200–240 double strokes/min.
本文介绍了在静冲击和反向冲击下,反向表面塑性变形参数对塑印几何特性和刀具接触区压力的影响的建模和确定结果。利用三维设计软件SOLID WORKS-2019和ANSYS-19.1进行计算建模,建立接触区有限元模型,根据刀具几何形状、刀具反转频率、刀具初始安装角和刀具反转角的幅值,确定刀具塑性压痕的几何特征和刀具与工件表面的接触压力。根据所得结果,为了增加刀具与工件接触区域的压力,从而影响工件表面微粗糙度的硬化和平滑程度以及压残余应力的形成,建议采用以下参数和硬化方式:工作辊直径20 - 30mm,型材半径2 - 2.5 mm,工作辊型材顶距1.5-2 mm,工作辊初始安装角90°,工作辊反转角幅度±6 -±8°,工作辊反转速度200-240双冲程/min。
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引用次数: 0
Hub ratio influence on the stage parameters 轮毂比对阶段参数的影响
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-73-89
M. Sahranavard, Y. Galerkin, A. Drozdov, L. Marenina
Countless combinations of sizes and shapes of the flow path could ensure the specified flow rate and pressure ratio of the axial compressor stage. Programs based on the mathematical models are an effective tool in initial design and preliminary selection of the optimal option. The RROK-GPD-22 software program is briefly being described, it solves the problem on the basis of the pressure loss model and deflection capacity of the A. Komarov lattice, theoretic rigorous calculation of oblique and direct shocks, as well as empirical equations and coefficients. Models were checked by comparison with data on the Rotor 37 NASA test stage. Stages were calculated with different ratio of the cross-sectional area at the outlet of the impeller to that at its inlet and stages with the hub-tip ratios of 0.400 ... 0.728 with different swirl at the impeller inlet. Results are provided in determining the hub-tip ratio influence on the efficiency, pressure ratio and specific stage performance.
流道的无数种尺寸和形状组合可以保证轴流压气机级的指定流量和压力比。基于数学模型的程序是进行初始设计和初步选择最优方案的有效工具。简要介绍了RROK-GPD-22软件程序,该程序在A. Komarov晶格的压力损失模型和挠度能力、斜冲击和直冲击的理论严格计算以及经验方程和系数的基础上解决了该问题。通过与美国宇航局37号转子测试阶段的数据进行比较,对模型进行了验证。分别计算了叶轮出口与进口截面面积之比和轮尖比为0.400的两级。0.728叶轮进口处具有不同的旋流。给出了轴尖比对效率、压比和比级性能影响的计算结果。
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引用次数: 0
Justification of the method for production of the 2NiCuMn 38-2V alloy bars to manufacture parts for the electrovacuum devices working area 对电真空器件工作区零件用2NiCuMn 38-2V合金棒材的生产方法进行了论证
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-25-33
P. A. Golovkin
The paper considers critical features of the chemical composition of the 2NiCuMn 38-2V alloy bars material, which could affect vacuum purity of the electrovacuum devices working area. Taking into consideration peculiarities of the electrovacuum devices manufacture technology, it is shown that the use of cold-drawn bars in manufacturing parts of their working area is technically unreasonable. It is noted that instead of the cold-drawn bars, bars obtained by hot rotational forging could be used.
本文研究了影响电真空器件工作区域真空纯度的2NiCuMn 38-2V合金棒材化学成分的关键特性。结合电真空器件制造工艺的特点,指出在其工作区域的零件中采用冷拔棒材在技术上是不合理的。指出可以用热旋锻获得的棒材代替冷拔棒材。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of the possibility to use composite material in the structure of the rocket stage cryogenic conical tank 复合材料在火箭级低温锥形燃料箱结构中应用的可能性评价
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-90-100
A.P. Ustinova, Yu.L. Siuskina, R. Peshkov
Reducing mass of the launch vehicle components structure to increase the payload mass launched into orbit is one of the main areas in developing the space services market. Modern designs of the launch vehicles require extremely high fuel mass fraction, which necessitates introduction of the low-density materials. Fuel tanks could count for 70...80% of the total product volume, which results in the development of tanks for the cryogenic fuel obtaining decisive importance in design and development of the new type of launch vehicles. Introduction of the composite materials in designing a cryogenic fuel tank makes it possible to lower its mass by 30% compared to a reference aluminum tank, which, accordingly, allows increasing the inserted payload mass. Review of the methods used in manufacturing the cryogenic composite fuel tanks is presented. Liner manufacturing technology and its material are proposed, taking into account the temperature difference during shaping and its interaction with the cryogenic fuel. Composite material and method for manufacturing the composite tank are selected. Design calculation of the composite cryogenic tank was carried out.
减少运载火箭部件结构质量,增加送入轨道的有效载荷质量,是发展空间服务市场的主要领域之一。现代运载火箭的设计要求极高的燃料质量分数,这就需要引入低密度材料。油箱可以算70…这使得低温燃料储罐的研制在新型运载火箭的设计和研制中具有决定性的意义。在设计低温燃料箱时引入复合材料,与参考铝燃料箱相比,可以将其质量降低30%,从而可以增加插入的有效载荷质量。综述了低温复合材料燃料箱的制造方法。提出了考虑成型过程温差及其与低温燃料相互作用的内衬制造工艺和材料。选择了复合材料及其制造方法。对复合低温储罐进行了设计计算。
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引用次数: 0
Universal structural method in synthesis and constructing the complete atlas of the multiloop orthogonal structures of the self-adjusting linkages in mechanical engineering 机械工程中自调节机构多环正交结构完整图谱的综合与构造的通用结构方法
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-3-55-72
V. Pozhbelko
The paper considers theory and practice of structural synthesis, classification of assembly and construction of a complete atlas of the new class multi-loop mechanisms, where the multi-hinge linkages are made with all hinges positioned on the same line, such mechanisms are called the orthogonal mechanisms. Original universal method is proposed for structural synthesis of these multi-hinge linkage mechanisms with a given large number of independent closed loops in the kinematic chain to create a variety of mechanisms with the given different number of degrees of freedom of their drive. Using this method to create new efficient multilink mechanisms does not require introduction of complex computer programs and consideration of tens of thousands of the Assur groups in order to build complete atlases in closed chains of the parallel structure mechanisms reliably not containing any harmful redundant links. This makes it possible to solve the problem of structural synthesis of the self-adjusting orthogonal mechanisms, including both single and multiple hinged joints of the lever links. Based on the orthogonal structural synthesis proposed algorithm, a complete atlas of 20 non-isomorphic three-circuit orthogonal eight-link basic kinematic chains was constructed for the first time, which formed the basis for synthesizing 27 new schemes of single-moving flat hinged mechanisms with simple hinges. This increases the possible composition of their database to 180 closed structures. Effectiveness of the proposed universal synthesis method is confirmed by examples of inventions of various multi-loop orthogonal self-adjusting lever mechanisms and manipulators of the parallel structure.
本文研究了一类新型多环机构的结构综合、装配分类和完整图谱的构建的理论与实践,其中多铰机构的所有铰都位于同一条线上,这种机构称为正交机构。提出了在运动链中给定大量独立闭环的多铰链连杆机构的结构综合的原始通用方法,以创建具有不同数量驱动自由度的多种机构。使用这种方法创建新的高效的多连杆机构不需要引入复杂的计算机程序,也不需要考虑成千上万的亚苏尔群体,以便在并联结构机构的封闭链中可靠地建立完整的地图集,不包含任何有害的冗余连杆。这为解决包括杠杆连杆的单铰和多铰的自调节正交机构的结构综合问题提供了可能。基于所提出的正交结构综合算法,首次构建了20个非同构三回路正交八杆基本运动链的完整图谱,为综合27个简单铰链单动平面铰链机构新方案奠定了基础。这将使数据库的可能组成增加到180个封闭结构。通过各种多回路正交自调节杠杆机构和并联结构机械手的发明实例,验证了所提出的通用综合方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Using machine-learning methods in determination of the pipe line gas turbine plant effective power 利用机器学习方法确定燃气轮机机组的管路有效功率
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-2-63-72
V. L. Blinov, G. Deryabin
The paper considers methods of the gas turbine plant power designed for natural gas transportation and reveals their drawbacks. A program in the Python language was created to study applicability of the machine-learning methods to determine the plant power under operating conditions. Archival gas-dynamic parameters registered by the plant automatic control system were used as the initial data. Forecast quality of the machine-learning models was estimated depending on different sets of the feature parameters. Recommendations on the models use are provided; and the method error was determined. Hypothesis on applicability of models learned based on data of a single engine to estimate the power of the other engines of the same type was refuted. Machine-learning methods could be used to determine the gas turbine plant power even in the absence of part of the initial data, which is the main advantage over traditional methods.
对天然气输送用燃气轮机动力设计方法进行了研究,并指出了其不足之处。用Python语言编写了一个程序来研究机器学习方法在确定运行条件下电厂功率的适用性。采用工厂自动控制系统登记的档案气体动力学参数作为初始数据。根据不同的特征参数集估计机器学习模型的预测质量。对模型的使用提出了建议;并确定了方法误差。驳斥了基于单个发动机数据学习的模型适用于估计其他同类型发动机功率的假设。即使没有部分初始数据,机器学习方法也可以用来确定燃气轮机发电厂的功率,这是传统方法的主要优势。
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引用次数: 1
Method of designing the composite load-bearing elements of the fuselage tail section 机身尾部复合承重元件的设计方法
Pub Date : 2023-02-01 DOI: 10.18698/0536-1044-2023-2-84-95
Lin Htet Tun, P. Prosuntsov
The paper considers the method of designing the power set of the DA-62 aircraft tail section, which includes the stages of determining loads acting on the tail section, selecting position, shape and structure of the power elements, characteristics of the composite materials, from which they were made. The design process took into account simultaneous effect of aerodynamic and mass-inertial loads on the aircraft structure during various maneuvers. A feature of the method to determine geometric dimensions and shape of frames is introducing a combination of parametric and topological optimization techniques. To increase the structure weight efficiency, the problem of optimizing the scheme for laying the polymer composite material was solved. Physical and mechanical characteristics of the composite materials were determined by theoretical calculation using the multi-scale simulation principle.
本文研究了DA-62型飞机尾翼动力装置的设计方法,包括确定尾翼载荷、选择动力元件的位置、形状和结构、复合材料的特性等阶段。设计过程中考虑了各种机动过程中空气动力载荷和质量惯性载荷对飞机结构的同时影响。该方法确定框架几何尺寸和形状的一个特点是引入了参数优化和拓扑优化技术的结合。为提高结构重量效率,解决了聚合物复合材料铺设方案的优化问题。采用多尺度模拟原理,通过理论计算确定复合材料的物理力学特性。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building
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