Performance enhancement and health最新文献

Corrigendum to “Beyond scapegoats: Doping and the myth of the level playing field” [Performance Enhancement & Health 13 (2025) 100376] “超越替罪羊：兴奋剂和公平竞争环境的神话”[成绩提高与健康13(2025)100376]的勘误表

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2026-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2026.100414

John Nauright , Lizzy Ratcliff , Sarah Zipp

引用次数: 0

The influence of parental and coach pressure on competitive state anxiety: The mediating role of emotional intelligence 父母压力和教练压力对竞争状态焦虑的影响：情绪智力的中介作用

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100408

Jon Berastegui-Martínez , Josu Barrenetxea-García , José M. Tomás , Igor Esnaola

Competitive state anxiety is one of the most extensively researched topics in sport psychology due to its crucial role in determining athletes’ performance and well-being. Therefore, it seems relevant to identify factors that influence adolescent athletes’ anxiety especially in sports where scientific literature is scarce, such as water polo. This study examines the relationship between parental and coach pressure for perfectionism, players’ emotional intelligence and their competitive state anxiety. The sample comprised 304 water polo players (males = 209, females = 94, other = 1) from Spain, aged between 12 and 18 years (M_age = 14.10 ± 1.58 years). Two a priori models (full and partial mediation) were estimated and the best-fitting model was later analyzed for gender invariance. Results showed that the partially mediated model fit the data well and was invariant across genders. Coach pressure negatively predicted emotional intelligence and positively predicted cognitive and somatic anxiety. Additionally, there was a negative and significant indirect effect from coach pressure to self-confidence; that is, emotional intelligence plays a mediating role between coach pressure and self-confidence. On the other hand, parental pressure had a direct effect on somatic anxiety and emotional intelligence directly predicted self-confidence. The study highlights the importance of considering both environmental factors and individual psychological characteristics when addressing competitive state anxiety. Future research and interventions should focus on coach and parent-education programs, as well as developing emotional intelligence in athletes for managing external pressure to optimize their well-being.

竞技状态焦虑是运动心理学中研究最广泛的话题之一，因为它在决定运动员的表现和健康方面起着至关重要的作用。因此，确定影响青少年运动员焦虑的因素似乎是相关的，特别是在科学文献匮乏的运动中，如水球。本研究考察了父母和教练对完美主义的压力、球员的情商和他们的竞争状态焦虑之间的关系。样本包括304名来自西班牙的水球运动员（男209人，女94人，其他1人），年龄在12 - 18岁之间（年龄= 14.10±1.58岁）。估计了两种先验模型（完全和部分中介），然后分析了最佳拟合模型的性别不变性。结果表明，部分中介模型与数据拟合较好，并且在性别之间是不变的。教练压力负向预测情绪智力，正向预测认知焦虑和躯体焦虑。此外，教练压力对自信心有负向显著的间接影响；即情商在教练压力与自信之间起中介作用。另一方面，父母压力对躯体焦虑有直接影响，情绪智力直接预测自信。该研究强调了在处理竞争状态焦虑时同时考虑环境因素和个人心理特征的重要性。未来的研究和干预应侧重于教练和家长教育计划，以及发展运动员的情绪智力，以管理外部压力，优化他们的健康。

{"title":"The influence of parental and coach pressure on competitive state anxiety: The mediating role of emotional intelligence","authors":"Jon Berastegui-Martínez , Josu Barrenetxea-García , José M. Tomás , Igor Esnaola","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Competitive state anxiety is one of the most extensively researched topics in sport psychology due to its crucial role in determining athletes’ performance and well-being. Therefore, it seems relevant to identify factors that influence adolescent athletes’ anxiety especially in sports where scientific literature is scarce, such as water polo. This study examines the relationship between parental and coach pressure for perfectionism, players’ emotional intelligence and their competitive state anxiety. The sample comprised 304 water polo players (males = 209, females = 94, other = 1) from Spain, aged between 12 and 18 years (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em> = 14.10 ± 1.58 years). Two a priori models (full and partial mediation) were estimated and the best-fitting model was later analyzed for gender invariance. Results showed that the partially mediated model fit the data well and was invariant across genders. Coach pressure negatively predicted emotional intelligence and positively predicted cognitive and somatic anxiety. Additionally, there was a negative and significant indirect effect from coach pressure to self-confidence; that is, emotional intelligence plays a mediating role between coach pressure and self-confidence. On the other hand, parental pressure had a direct effect on somatic anxiety and emotional intelligence directly predicted self-confidence. The study highlights the importance of considering both environmental factors and individual psychological characteristics when addressing competitive state anxiety. Future research and interventions should focus on coach and parent-education programs, as well as developing emotional intelligence in athletes for managing external pressure to optimize their well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 2","pages":"Article 100408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Team captains’ experiences of sporting leadership during menstruation in student-athletes 学生运动员经期队长体育领导经验研究

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100409

Scarlett M. Kent , Ryland Morgans , Ben Ryan , Ola Krukowska-Burke

This study aimed to investigate the impact of menstruation on team captains’ leadership experiences and whether menstruation has implications on performance as a team captain. Twelve captains from eight different sports participated in semi-structured interviews. The data was analysed using Reflexive Thematic Analysis. Five main themes were generated: 1) Navigating Heightened Negative Emotions, 2) Communication Under Strain, 3) The Struggle to Lead on Low Motivation, 4) Influence on Cognitive Processes and 5) Disruptions to Confidence. In conclusion, the results revealed that whilst the team captains had unique experiences, navigating and approaching leadership roles in diverse ways, participants mostly agreed that performance as a captain was adversely affected during menstruation.

本研究旨在探讨月经对队长领导经验的影响，以及月经是否对队长的绩效有影响。来自8个不同项目的12名队长参加了半结构化的采访。使用反身性主题分析对数据进行分析。会议产生了五个主要主题：1)应对加剧的负面情绪，2)压力下的沟通，3)在低动力下努力领导，4)对认知过程的影响，5)对信心的破坏。总之，结果显示，虽然队长有独特的经历，以不同的方式引导和接近领导角色，但参与者大多认为，作为队长的表现在月经期间会受到不利影响。

引用次数: 0

Running into obsolescence: Paralympic prosthetics and the Cybathlon alternative 即将过时：残奥假肢和Cybathlon替代品

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2026.100416

Bryce T.J. Dyer

The role of prosthetic technology in elite sport with a disability remains contested, positioned uneasily between narratives of fairness, enhancement and empowerment. The paper argues that the Paralympic Games model is rooted in technological conservatism, treating technologies such as prosthetics as a threat to fairness and regulating them as only partially corrective tools rather than as a true restoration of abilities. By contrast, the Cybathlon embraces performance enhancing assistive technologies as integral to athletic performance and everyday life, designing competition tasks around real-world challenges. Through this comparison, the paper demonstrates that the Paralympics’ restrictive ethos to prosthetic limbs rules risks its obsolescence when the prosthetics currently used will no longer reflect that of everyday practice or society. In contrast, the Cybathlon reflects a progressive approach that celebrates a human–machine hybridity. This paper offers a conceptual commentary that introduces ‘technological obsolescence’ as a consideration for understanding Para Sport regulation and equipment-based performance enhancement.

假肢技术在残疾精英体育运动中的作用仍然存在争议，在公平、增强和赋权的叙事之间不安地定位。论文认为，残奥会模式植根于技术保守主义，将假肢等技术视为对公平的威胁，并将其视为部分纠正工具，而不是真正恢复能力。相比之下，Cybathlon将提高成绩的辅助技术作为运动表现和日常生活的一部分，围绕现实世界的挑战设计比赛任务。通过这一对比，本文表明，当目前使用的假肢不再反映日常实践或社会时，残奥会对假肢规则的限制性精神可能会过时。相比之下，Cybathlon反映了一种庆祝人机混合的进步方法。本文提供了一个概念性的评论，介绍了“技术过时”作为理解残疾人运动规则和基于设备的性能提高的考虑因素。

引用次数: 0

The next chapter of editorial stewardship 编辑管理的下一章

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100411

Matthew Dunn , Joanna Wall Tweedie , Katinka van de Ven

引用次数: 0

Lean body mass and maximal strength changes during physique contest preparation and recovery: A case series 体质竞赛准备和恢复期间瘦体质量和最大力量的变化：一个案例系列

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100404

Vebjørn Nettum , Therese F. Mathisen , Gary Slater , Olivier Seynnes , Gøran Paulsen

This study aimed to investigate changes in lean body mass (LBM) and maximal strength during preparation for a physique contest season and one month post-season. Three drug-free male physique athletes were observed. Laboratory tests were conducted at various intervals: immediately before starting weight loss, 2 months, 1 month, and 1 week before their first contest, 1 week before their last contest, and 1 month post-season. Body composition was assessed using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioimpedance (BIA), and skinfold (SK) measurements. Muscle thickness (MT) of the elbow flexors and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus lateralis were evaluated via ultrasound. Strength assessments (isometric and isokinetic peak torque) were measured using a dynamometer. Blood biomarkers and dietary intake were also tracked. During the preparation phase, LBM decreased in all athletes: 1.7–5.3 kg (DXA), 4.3–8.5 kg (BIA), and 7.0–9.5 kg (SK). One month into recovery, LBM rapidly increased: 2.5–3.4 kg (DXA), 4.1–4.6 kg (BIA), and 3.4–5.5 kg (SK). Both MT and CSA decreased during preparation but increased during recovery. Maximal strength performance remained within expected day-to-day variation for isometric peak torque and isokinetic peak torque at 60°/s, but isokinetic peak torque at 240°/s exceeded expected variation, only partially restored post-contest. Testosterone levels decreased and sex-hormone binding globulin increased during preparation, with varying recovery. Reductions in LBM, MT, and CSA during caloric restriction were followed by rapid increases post-contest, resulting in negligible net changes from baseline. This provides evidence that highly trained individuals are able to retain contractile tissue during substantial weight loss following a daily caloric deficit of 500 kcal.

本研究旨在探讨在体能比赛季前准备和季后一个月期间，运动员的瘦体质量（LBM）和最大力量的变化。对3名男性禁药体质运动员进行了观察。在不同的时间间隔进行实验室测试：刚开始减肥前，第一次比赛前2个月、1个月和1周，最后一次比赛前1周，以及赛季后1个月。采用双能x线吸收仪（DXA）、生物阻抗（BIA）和皮褶（SK）测量评估体成分。超声检查肘关节屈肌厚度（MT）和股外侧肌横截面积（CSA）。强度评估（等距和等速峰值扭矩）使用测功机测量。血液生物标志物和饮食摄入也被跟踪。在准备阶段，所有运动员的体重都有所下降：1.7-5.3 kg (DXA), 4.3-8.5 kg （BIA）和7.0-9.5 kg （SK）。恢复1个月后，LBM迅速增加：2.5-3.4 kg (DXA), 4.1-4.6 kg （BIA）和3.4-5.5 kg （SK）。MT和CSA在准备过程中下降，但在恢复过程中增加。最大强度表现保持在60°/s时的等距峰值扭矩和等速峰值扭矩的预期日常变化范围内，但240°/s时的等速峰值扭矩超出了预期变化范围，仅在比赛后部分恢复。在准备过程中，睾酮水平下降，性激素结合球蛋白增加，恢复程度不同。在热量限制期间，LBM、MT和CSA的减少随后在比赛后迅速增加，导致与基线相比可以忽略不计的净变化。这提供了证据，证明训练有素的人能够在每天热量不足500千卡的情况下，在体重大幅减轻的情况下保持收缩组织。

{"title":"Lean body mass and maximal strength changes during physique contest preparation and recovery: A case series","authors":"Vebjørn Nettum , Therese F. Mathisen , Gary Slater , Olivier Seynnes , Gøran Paulsen","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to investigate changes in lean body mass (LBM) and maximal strength during preparation for a physique contest season and one month post-season. Three drug-free male physique athletes were observed. Laboratory tests were conducted at various intervals: immediately before starting weight loss, 2 months, 1 month, and 1 week before their first contest, 1 week before their last contest, and 1 month post-season. Body composition was assessed using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), bioimpedance (BIA), and skinfold (SK) measurements. Muscle thickness (MT) of the elbow flexors and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) of the vastus lateralis were evaluated via ultrasound. Strength assessments (isometric and isokinetic peak torque) were measured using a dynamometer. Blood biomarkers and dietary intake were also tracked. During the preparation phase, LBM decreased in all athletes: 1.7–5.3 kg (DXA), 4.3–8.5 kg (BIA), and 7.0–9.5 kg (SK). One month into recovery, LBM rapidly increased: 2.5–3.4 kg (DXA), 4.1–4.6 kg (BIA), and 3.4–5.5 kg (SK). Both MT and CSA decreased during preparation but increased during recovery. Maximal strength performance remained within expected day-to-day variation for isometric peak torque and isokinetic peak torque at 60°/s, but isokinetic peak torque at 240°/s exceeded expected variation, only partially restored post-contest. Testosterone levels decreased and sex-hormone binding globulin increased during preparation, with varying recovery. Reductions in LBM, MT, and CSA during caloric restriction were followed by rapid increases post-contest, resulting in negligible net changes from baseline. This provides evidence that highly trained individuals are able to retain contractile tissue during substantial weight loss following a daily caloric deficit of 500 kcal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145576961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring mental health and performance dynamics in Danish elite athletes: Insights from two case studies 探索丹麦精英运动员的心理健康和表现动态：来自两个案例研究的见解

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100403

Andreas Küttel , Kristoffer Henriksen , Violetta Oblinger-Peters , Robert T.V. Book Jr. , Louise K. Storm

Little is known about how mental health and performance fluctuate within an athletic career depending on life events, career transitions, and other factors. This study aimed to explore what factors and experiences Danish elite athletes identify as being influential for their mental health and athletic performance throughout their careers. We conducted two semi-structured interviews, including participant-led career mapping exercises and mental health screenings, over two months with seven Danish elite athletes. For the purpose of this paper, we selected two cases (“Tina” and “Peter”) to provide detailed analyses and to offer insights into their career trajectories. Tina’s case highlights her recovery from a mental breakdown, emphasizing the protective role of sport’s structured environment and supportive relationships. Peter’s case illustrates his maturation through adversity, shifting from unhealthy coping mechanisms to mindfulness practices. Both athletes experienced significant fluctuations in mental health and performance, influenced by sport-related pressures, personal challenges, and external factors. The quantitative screenings over two months showed that anxiety and depression symptoms remained low for both athletes, while stress and well-being levels fluctuated. The findings underscore the non-linear relationship between mental health and performance, the impact of past experiences, and the importance of supportive environments. Diverse assessments and reflective exercises are recommended to gain a comprehensive understanding of athletes’ mental health from a holistic perspective that can help practitioners support athletes’ thriving.

在一个运动员的职业生涯中，心理健康和表现是如何随着生活事件、职业转变和其他因素而波动的，我们知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨丹麦优秀运动员认为在其整个职业生涯中影响其心理健康和运动表现的因素和经历。在两个多月的时间里，我们对七名丹麦优秀运动员进行了两次半结构化访谈，包括参与者主导的职业规划练习和心理健康筛查。为了本文的目的，我们选择了两个案例（“Tina”和“Peter”）来提供详细的分析，并提供对他们的职业轨迹的见解。蒂娜的案例突出了她从精神崩溃中恢复过来的过程，强调了体育的结构化环境和支持性关系的保护作用。彼得的案例说明了他在逆境中的成熟，从不健康的应对机制转变为正念练习。受运动相关压力、个人挑战和外部因素的影响，两名运动员的心理健康和表现都出现了显著波动。两个多月的定量筛查显示，两名运动员的焦虑和抑郁症状都很低，而压力和幸福感水平则有所波动。研究结果强调了心理健康与表现、过去经历的影响以及支持性环境的重要性之间的非线性关系。建议进行多样化的评估和反思练习，从整体的角度全面了解运动员的心理健康，从而帮助从业者支持运动员的蓬勃发展。

{"title":"Exploring mental health and performance dynamics in Danish elite athletes: Insights from two case studies","authors":"Andreas Küttel , Kristoffer Henriksen , Violetta Oblinger-Peters , Robert T.V. Book Jr. , Louise K. Storm","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Little is known about how mental health and performance fluctuate within an athletic career depending on life events, career transitions, and other factors. This study aimed to explore what factors and experiences Danish elite athletes identify as being influential for their mental health and athletic performance throughout their careers. We conducted two semi-structured interviews, including participant-led career mapping exercises and mental health screenings, over two months with seven Danish elite athletes. For the purpose of this paper, we selected two cases (“Tina” and “Peter”) to provide detailed analyses and to offer insights into their career trajectories. Tina’s case highlights her recovery from a mental breakdown, emphasizing the protective role of sport’s structured environment and supportive relationships. Peter’s case illustrates his maturation through adversity, shifting from unhealthy coping mechanisms to mindfulness practices. Both athletes experienced significant fluctuations in mental health and performance, influenced by sport-related pressures, personal challenges, and external factors. The quantitative screenings over two months showed that anxiety and depression symptoms remained low for both athletes, while stress and well-being levels fluctuated. The findings underscore the non-linear relationship between mental health and performance, the impact of past experiences, and the importance of supportive environments. Diverse assessments and reflective exercises are recommended to gain a comprehensive understanding of athletes’ mental health from a holistic perspective that can help practitioners support athletes’ thriving.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaping the next generation of athlete support personnel in Spain: integrating a multi-modal anti-doping education program in bachelor's degree in sports sciences 塑造西班牙下一代运动员支持人员：在体育科学学士学位中整合多模式反兴奋剂教育计划

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100402

Arturo Franco-Andrés , Inés Rodríguez-Ferrero , Millán Aguilar-Navarro , Juan Del Coso , Elena García-Grimau , Philip Hurst , Jorge Domínguez-Carrión , Carolina García , Alejandro Muñoz

Athlete Support Personnel – ASP- (e.g., Coaches, Physiotherapists, Nutritionists) play a crucial role in shaping athletes’ decision to use prohibited performance enhancing substances. Many ASP will study a sports sciences degree prior to assisting athletes. However, the curricula of bachelor's degree programs in Sports Sciences seldom include dedicated academic training on anti-doping regulations or doping prevention strategies. This study assessed the effectiveness of an anti-doping education program, integrated into the Sports Sciences bachelor's curriculum of a Spanish university, in improving students' knowledge and retention of anti-doping principles. 81 bachelor’s students in Sports Science participated in a comprehensive multi-component educational intervention that included a 6-h lecture series on doping, anti-doping regulations, a 2-hour seminar on anti-doping testing procedures, a 2-h session focused on the risks associated with supplementation and the completion of a 20-h certified online course provided by the Spanish Anti-Doping Commission on the role of ASP to prevent doping. An adapted version of the World Anti-Doping Agency’s Play True Quiz, consisting of 37 multiple-choice and true/false questions, was administered at three time points: before the intervention, immediately after, and at a six-month follow-up. Anti-doping knowledge measured with the questionnaire improved significantly following the intervention (from 62.2 ± 10.2 to 76.1 ± 12.5 points; p < 0.001). Although a decline was observed at the six-month follow-up, scores remained significantly higher than baseline (69.5 ± 11.3 points; p < 0.001). In conclusion, a structured, muti-modal anti-doping education program effectively improved anti-doping knowledge among Spanish bachelor’s students in Sports Sciences, with knowledge retention persisting over six months.

运动员支持人员（ASP）（如教练、物理治疗师、营养学家）在决定运动员是否使用禁用的提高成绩的物质方面起着至关重要的作用。许多ASP在帮助运动员之前将学习体育科学学位。然而，体育科学学士学位课程很少包括反兴奋剂法规或兴奋剂预防策略的专门学术培训。本研究评估了将反兴奋剂教育项目纳入西班牙一所大学体育科学本科课程，在提高学生对反兴奋剂原则的认识和保留方面的有效性。81名体育科学专业的本科学生参加了一个全面的多组件教育干预，包括6小时关于兴奋剂、反兴奋剂法规的系列讲座，2小时关于反兴奋剂检测程序的研讨会，2小时关于补充兴奋剂相关风险的课程，以及完成由西班牙反兴奋剂委员会提供的20小时关于ASP在预防兴奋剂中的作用的认证在线课程。一个改编自世界反兴奋剂机构（World Anti-Doping Agency）的真实测试（Play True Quiz），由37个选择题和真假问题组成，在三个时间点进行：干预前、干预后和六个月的随访。干预后问卷测得的反兴奋剂知识显著提高（从62.2±10.2分提高到76.1±12.5分；p < 0.001）。虽然在六个月的随访中观察到下降，但得分仍然明显高于基线（69.5±11.3分；p < 0.001）。总之，一个结构化的、多模式的反兴奋剂教育项目有效地提高了西班牙体育科学本科学生的反兴奋剂知识，知识保留持续了6个月以上。

{"title":"Shaping the next generation of athlete support personnel in Spain: integrating a multi-modal anti-doping education program in bachelor's degree in sports sciences","authors":"Arturo Franco-Andrés , Inés Rodríguez-Ferrero , Millán Aguilar-Navarro , Juan Del Coso , Elena García-Grimau , Philip Hurst , Jorge Domínguez-Carrión , Carolina García , Alejandro Muñoz","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Athlete Support Personnel – ASP- (e.g., Coaches, Physiotherapists, Nutritionists) play a crucial role in shaping athletes’ decision to use prohibited performance enhancing substances. Many ASP will study a sports sciences degree prior to assisting athletes. However, the curricula of bachelor's degree programs in Sports Sciences seldom include dedicated academic training on anti-doping regulations or doping prevention strategies. This study assessed the effectiveness of an anti-doping education program, integrated into the Sports Sciences bachelor's curriculum of a Spanish university, in improving students' knowledge and retention of anti-doping principles. 81 bachelor’s students in Sports Science participated in a comprehensive multi-component educational intervention that included a 6-h lecture series on doping, anti-doping regulations, a 2-hour seminar on anti-doping testing procedures, a 2-h session focused on the risks associated with supplementation and the completion of a 20-h certified online course provided by the Spanish Anti-Doping Commission on the role of ASP to prevent doping. An adapted version of the World Anti-Doping Agency’s Play True Quiz, consisting of 37 multiple-choice and true/false questions, was administered at three time points: before the intervention, immediately after, and at a six-month follow-up. Anti-doping knowledge measured with the questionnaire improved significantly following the intervention (from 62.2 ± 10.2 to 76.1 ± 12.5 points; <em>p</em> < 0.001). Although a decline was observed at the six-month follow-up, scores remained significantly higher than baseline (69.5 ± 11.3 points; <em>p</em> < 0.001). In conclusion, a structured, muti-modal anti-doping education program effectively improved anti-doping knowledge among Spanish bachelor’s students in Sports Sciences, with knowledge retention persisting over six months.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-compassion, depressive symptoms, and well-being: A cross-sectional exploration across athlete status and gender 自我同情、抑郁症状和幸福感：运动员身份和性别的横断面研究

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100397

Fríða Rún Einarsdóttir , Nanna Ýr Arnardóttir , Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir , Johanna Belz , Göran Kenttä , Mitchell Andersson , Richard E. Tahtinen

Self-compassion is associated with positive mental health outcomes and may buffer against negative self-evaluations and emotional difficulties. Nevertheless, studies among athletes often explore self-compassion in specific groups in isolation (e.g., women athletes) (Röthlin et al., 2019). The aims of this study were to 1) explore whether the relationship between gender and composite scores and specific dimensions of self-compassion (e.g., self-judgement) was moderated by athlete status; and 2) to explore the relationship between different dimensions of self-compassion and self-reported depressive symptoms and well-being among team sport athletes (n = 84, M_age = 22.9 ± 5.0; 57.1 %men) and non-athletes (n = 189, M_age = 35.5 ± 5.9; 32.8 %men). For our first aim, the relationship between gender and self-compassion (including specific dimensions) was not moderated by athlete status. However, regardless of gender, athletes reported significantly higher total self-compassion scores and significantly lower scores on specific dimensions of self-compassion, isolation, and over-identification, than non-athletes. For our second aim, self-judgement was positively associated with depressive symptoms in both athletes and non-athletes. Self-judgment was, however, negatively associated with well-being only among athletes, and isolation was negatively correlated with well-being only among non-athletes. Our results suggest that reducing self-judgement may be particularly important for promoting athletes’ mental health

自我同情与积极的心理健康结果有关，并可能缓冲消极的自我评价和情绪困难。然而，对运动员的研究经常孤立地探索特定群体（例如女运动员）的自我同情（Röthlin等人，2019）。本研究的目的是：1)探讨性别与自我同情的综合得分和特定维度（如自我判断）之间的关系是否受到运动员身份的调节；2)探讨团体运动运动员（n = 84, Mage = 22.9±5.0，男性57.1%）和非运动员（n = 189, Mage = 35.5±5.9，男性32.8%）不同维度自我同情与自我报告抑郁症状和幸福感的关系。对于我们的第一个目标，性别和自我同情（包括特定维度）之间的关系不受运动员身份的调节。然而，无论性别如何，运动员的总自我同情得分显著高于非运动员，而在自我同情、孤立和过度认同的特定维度上的得分显著低于非运动员。对于我们的第二个目标，自我判断与运动员和非运动员的抑郁症状呈正相关。然而，自我判断仅在运动员中与幸福感呈负相关，孤立感仅在非运动员中与幸福感呈负相关。我们的研究结果表明，减少自我判断可能对促进运动员的心理健康特别重要

{"title":"Self-compassion, depressive symptoms, and well-being: A cross-sectional exploration across athlete status and gender","authors":"Fríða Rún Einarsdóttir , Nanna Ýr Arnardóttir , Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir , Johanna Belz , Göran Kenttä , Mitchell Andersson , Richard E. Tahtinen","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-compassion is associated with positive mental health outcomes and may buffer against negative self-evaluations and emotional difficulties. Nevertheless, studies among athletes often explore self-compassion in specific groups in isolation (e.g., women athletes) (Röthlin et al., 2019). The aims of this study were to 1) explore whether the relationship between gender and composite scores and specific dimensions of self-compassion (e.g., self-judgement) was moderated by athlete status; and 2) to explore the relationship between different dimensions of self-compassion and self-reported depressive symptoms and well-being among team sport athletes (<em>n</em> = 84, M<sub>age</sub> = 22.9 ± 5.0; 57.1 %men) and non-athletes (<em>n</em> = 189, M<sub>age</sub> = 35.5 ± 5.9; 32.8 %men). For our first aim, the relationship between gender and self-compassion (including specific dimensions) was not moderated by athlete status. However, regardless of gender, athletes reported significantly higher total self-compassion scores and significantly lower scores on specific dimensions of self-compassion, isolation, and over-identification, than non-athletes. For our second aim, self-judgement was positively associated with depressive symptoms in both athletes and non-athletes. Self-judgment was, however, negatively associated with well-being only among athletes, and isolation was negatively correlated with well-being only among non-athletes. Our results suggest that reducing self-judgement may be particularly important for promoting athletes’ mental health</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of recovery time on body mass variations, dietary intake, cognitive aspects, and performance in judo athletes engaging in rapid weight loss practices 恢复时间对柔道运动员进行快速减肥练习的体重变化、饮食摄入、认知方面和表现的影响

IF 3.7 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Performance enhancement and health

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.peh.2025.100400

Danilo França Conceição-Santos , Markus Gerber , Christianne de Faria Coelho-Ravagnani , Juliana Murasaki , Larissa Registro da Costa , Sebastian Ludyga , Emerson Franchini

In 2017, the International Judo Federation (IJF) changed weigh-in rules, shifting the weigh-in to the day before competition and introducing random weigh-ins on competition day. However, the impact of these new rules remains unclear. This study compared the effects of these weigh-in procedures on body mass, nutritional intake, psychological aspects, and performance. Twenty-six judo athletes (night before weigh-in: n = 13; same day weigh-in: n = 13) were assessed for body mass, nutritional intake, psychological factors, and performance under two weigh-in conditions: the night before and in the same day of competition. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in the prevalence (77% vs. 75%) or magnitude (4.37% vs. 3.49 %) of rapid weight loss between the night before weigh-in group and the same day weigh-in group, respectively. However, the night weigh-in group presented a higher post-weigh-in energy intake (night weigh-in: 44.8 ± 11.1 kcal.kg^-1.day^-1 vs. same day weigh-in: 15.6 ± 10.4 kcal.kg^-1. day^-1) and carbohydrate intake (night weigh-in: 5.62 ± 1.38 g.kg^-1. day^-1 vs. same day weigh-in: 2.06 ± 1.40 g.kg^-1. day^-1) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the night weigh-in group exhibited higher response times in cognitive tasks at day +1 compared to day 10, in relation to the same day weigh-in group (p = 0.025; 95% CI diff = 1.79, 26.07), while technical performance did not differ between groups. These findings highlight the need for better nutrition management and awareness of the psychological risks associated with rapid weight loss practices in judo.

2017年，国际柔道联合会（IJF）改变了称重规则，将称重改为比赛前一天，并在比赛日引入随机称重。然而，这些新规定的影响尚不清楚。这项研究比较了这些称重程序对体重、营养摄入、心理方面和表现的影响。对26名柔道运动员（赛前一晚称重：n = 13；赛前一晚称重：n = 13）在赛前一晚和比赛当天两种称重条件下的体重、营养摄入、心理因素和表现进行了评估。体重快速下降的发生率（77% vs. 75%）和幅度（4.37% vs. 3.49%）在前一天晚上称重组和当天称重组之间没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。然而，夜间称重组在称重后的能量摄入更高（夜间称重：44.8±11.1 kcal.kg-1）。第1天与当天体重：15.6±10.4 kcal.kg-1。和碳水化合物摄入量（夜间体重：5.62±1.38 g.kg-1）。第1天与当天重量：2.06±1.40 g.kg-1。第一天)（p < 0.001）。此外，与当天称重组相比，夜间称重组在第1天的认知任务中表现出更高的反应时间（p = 0.025; 95% CI diff = 1.79, 26.07），而各组之间的技术表现没有差异。这些发现强调需要更好的营养管理和意识到与柔道快速减肥练习相关的心理风险。

{"title":"The impact of recovery time on body mass variations, dietary intake, cognitive aspects, and performance in judo athletes engaging in rapid weight loss practices","authors":"Danilo França Conceição-Santos , Markus Gerber , Christianne de Faria Coelho-Ravagnani , Juliana Murasaki , Larissa Registro da Costa , Sebastian Ludyga , Emerson Franchini","doi":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.peh.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In 2017, the International Judo Federation (IJF) changed weigh-in rules, shifting the weigh-in to the day before competition and introducing random weigh-ins on competition day. However, the impact of these new rules remains unclear. This study compared the effects of these weigh-in procedures on body mass, nutritional intake, psychological aspects, and performance. Twenty-six judo athletes (night before weigh-in: n = 13; same day weigh-in: n = 13) were assessed for body mass, nutritional intake, psychological factors, and performance under two weigh-in conditions: the night before and in the same day of competition. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found in the prevalence (77% vs. 75%) or magnitude (4.37% vs. 3.49 %) of rapid weight loss between the night before weigh-in group and the same day weigh-in group, respectively. However, the night weigh-in group presented a higher post-weigh-in energy intake (night weigh-in: 44.8 ± 11.1 kcal.kg<sup>-1</sup>.day<sup>-1</sup> vs. same day weigh-in: 15.6 ± 10.4 kcal.kg<sup>-1</sup>. day<sup>-1</sup>) and carbohydrate intake (night weigh-in: 5.62 ± 1.38 g.kg<sup>-1</sup>. day<sup>-1</sup> vs. same day weigh-in: 2.06 ± 1.40 g.kg<sup>-1</sup>. day<sup>-1</sup>) (p < 0.001). Additionally, the night weigh-in group exhibited higher response times in cognitive tasks at day +1 compared to day 10, in relation to the same day weigh-in group (p = 0.025; 95% CI diff = 1.79, 26.07), while technical performance did not differ between groups. These findings highlight the need for better nutrition management and awareness of the psychological risks associated with rapid weight loss practices in judo.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19886,"journal":{"name":"Performance enhancement and health","volume":"14 1","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0