Pub Date : 2021-08-01Epub Date: 2021-10-01DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2023.47.04
N Kobmoo, N Arnamnart, W Pootakham, C Sonthirod, A Khonsanit, W Kuephadungphan, R Suntivich, O V Mosunova, T Giraud, J J Luangsa-Ard
Fungi are rich in complexes of cryptic species that need a combination of different approaches to be delimited, including genomic information. Beauveria (Cordycipitaceae, Hypocreales) is a well-known genus of entomopathogenic fungi, used as a biocontrol agent. In this study we present a polyphasic taxonomy regarding two widely distributed complexes of Beauveria: B. asiatica and B. bassiana s.lat. Some of the genetic groups as previously detected within both taxa were either confirmed or fused using population genomics. High levels of divergence were found between two clades in B. asiatica and among three clades in B. bassiana, supporting their subdivision as distinct species. Morphological examination focusing on the width and the length of phialides and conidia showed no difference among the clades within B. bassiana while conidial length was significantly different among clades within B. asiatica. The secondary metabolite profiles obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) allowed a distinction between B. asiatica and B. bassiana, but not between the clades therein. Based on these genomic, morphological, chemical data, we proposed a clade of B. asiatica as a new species, named B. thailandica, and two clades of B. bassiana to respectively represent B. namnaoensis and B. neobassiana spp. nov. Such closely related but divergent species with different host ranges have potential to elucidate the evolution of host specificity, with potential biocontrol application. Citation: Kobmoo N, Arnamnart N, Pootakham W, et al. 2021. The integrative taxonomy of Beauveria asiatica and B. bassiana species complexes with whole-genome sequencing, morphometric and chemical analyses. Persoonia 47: 136-150. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.47.04.
真菌中存在丰富的隐性物种群,需要结合不同的方法(包括基因组信息)才能对其进行划分。Beauveria(虫草科,Hypocreales)是一个著名的昆虫病原真菌属,被用作生物控制剂。在本研究中,我们对两种广泛分布的蒲公英复合菌进行了多相分类:B. asiatica 和 B. bassiana s.lat.以前在这两个类群中检测到的一些基因群通过群体基因组学得到了证实或融合。在 B. asiatica 的两个支系之间和 B. bassiana 的三个支系之间发现了高度的分化,支持将它们细分为不同的物种。形态学检查的重点是噬菌体和分生孢子的宽度和长度,结果表明 B. bassiana 内部各支系之间没有差异,而 B. asiatica 内部各支系之间的分生孢子长度有显著差异。通过液相色谱-质谱法(LC-MS)获得的次生代谢物图谱可以区分 B. asiatica 和 B. bassiana,但不能区分其中的支系。根据这些基因组、形态学和化学数据,我们提议将 B. asiatica 的一个支系作为一个新种,命名为 B. thailandica,并将 B. bassiana 的两个支系分别代表 B. namnaoensis 和 B. neobassiana spp.这些亲缘关系密切但寄主范围不同的物种有可能阐明寄主特异性的进化,具有潜在的生物防治应用价值。引用:Kobmoo N, Arnamnart N, Pootakham W, et al.利用全基因组测序、形态计量学和化学分析对亚西亚真菌(Beauveria asiatica)和巴西真菌(B. bassiana)物种复合体进行综合分类。Persoonia 47: 136-150. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.47.04.
{"title":"The integrative taxonomy of <i>Beauveria asiatica</i> and <i>B. bassiana</i> species complexes with whole-genome sequencing, morphometric and chemical analyses.","authors":"N Kobmoo, N Arnamnart, W Pootakham, C Sonthirod, A Khonsanit, W Kuephadungphan, R Suntivich, O V Mosunova, T Giraud, J J Luangsa-Ard","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.47.04","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.47.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are rich in complexes of cryptic species that need a combination of different approaches to be delimited, including genomic information. <i>Beauveria</i> (<i>Cordycipitaceae</i>, <i>Hypocreales</i>) is a well-known genus of entomopathogenic fungi, used as a biocontrol agent. In this study we present a polyphasic taxonomy regarding two widely distributed complexes of <i>Beauveria</i>: <i>B. asiatica</i> and <i>B. bassiana</i> s.lat. Some of the genetic groups as previously detected within both taxa were either confirmed or fused using population genomics. High levels of divergence were found between two clades in <i>B. asiatica</i> and among three clades in <i>B. bassiana</i>, supporting their subdivision as distinct species. Morphological examination focusing on the width and the length of phialides and conidia showed no difference among the clades within <i>B. bassiana</i> while conidial length was significantly different among clades within <i>B. asiatica</i>. The secondary metabolite profiles obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) allowed a distinction between <i>B. asiatica</i> and <i>B. bassiana</i>, but not between the clades therein. Based on these genomic, morphological, chemical data, we proposed a clade of <i>B. asiatica</i> as a new species, named <i>B. thailandica</i>, and two clades of <i>B. bassiana</i> to respectively represent <i>B. namnaoensis</i> and <i>B. neobassiana</i> spp. nov. Such closely related but divergent species with different host ranges have potential to elucidate the evolution of host specificity, with potential biocontrol application. <b>Citation</b>: Kobmoo N, Arnamnart N, Pootakham W, et al. 2021. The integrative taxonomy of Beauveria asiatica and B. bassiana species complexes with whole-genome sequencing, morphometric and chemical analyses. Persoonia 47: 136-150. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.47.04.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"47 ","pages":"136-150"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139730289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01Epub Date: 2021-02-14DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04
D Croll, P W Crous, D Pereira, E A Mordecai, B A McDonald, P C Brunner
Several plant pathogenic Parastagonospora species have been identified infecting wheat and other cereals over the past 50 years. As new lineages were discovered, naming conventions grew unwieldy and the relationships with previously recognized species remained unclear. We used genome sequencing to clarify relationships among these species and provided new names for most of these species. Six of the nine described Parastagonospora species were recovered from wheat, with five of these species coming from Iran. Genome sequences revealed that three strains thought to be hybrids between P. nodorum and P. pseudonodorum were not actually hybrids, but rather represented rare gene introgressions between those species. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that P. nodorum originated as a pathogen of wild grasses in the Fertile Crescent, then emerged as a wheat pathogen via host-tracking during the domestication of wheat in the same region. The discovery of a diverse array of Parastagonospora species infecting wheat in Iran suggests that new wheat pathogens could emerge from this region in the future. Citation: Croll D, Crous PW, Pereira D, et al. 2021. Genome-scale phylogenies reveal relationships among Parastagonospora species infecting domesticated and wild grasses. Persoonia 46: 116-128. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04.
在过去的 50 年中,已经发现了多个感染小麦和其他谷物的植物致病性副伞孢属(Parastagonospora)物种。随着新品系的发现,命名规则变得越来越晦涩难懂,而且与之前确认的物种之间的关系仍不明确。我们利用基因组测序澄清了这些物种之间的关系,并为其中大多数物种提供了新名称。在已描述的 9 个 Parastagonospora 物种中,有 6 个是从小麦中发现的,其中 5 个来自伊朗。基因组序列显示,被认为是 P. nodorum 和 P. pseudonodorum 之间杂交种的三个菌株实际上并不是杂交种,而是这些物种之间罕见的基因导入。我们的数据与以下假设一致,即 P. nodorum 起源于新月沃地的一种野生禾本科植物病原体,然后在同一地区的小麦驯化过程中通过宿主追踪成为小麦病原体。在伊朗发现的感染小麦的 Parastagonospora 种类繁多,这表明未来该地区可能会出现新的小麦病原体。引用:Croll D, Crous PW, Pereira D, et al.基因组规模的系统发育揭示了感染驯化和野生禾本科植物的 Parastagonospora 物种之间的关系。Persoonia 46: 116-128. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04.
{"title":"Genome-scale phylogenies reveal relationships among <i>Parastagonospora</i> species infecting domesticated and wild grasses.","authors":"D Croll, P W Crous, D Pereira, E A Mordecai, B A McDonald, P C Brunner","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several plant pathogenic <i>Parastagonospora</i> species have been identified infecting wheat and other cereals over the past 50 years. As new lineages were discovered, naming conventions grew unwieldy and the relationships with previously recognized species remained unclear. We used genome sequencing to clarify relationships among these species and provided new names for most of these species. Six of the nine described <i>Parastagonospora</i> species were recovered from wheat, with five of these species coming from Iran. Genome sequences revealed that three strains thought to be hybrids between <i>P. nodorum</i> and <i>P. pseudonodorum</i> were not actually hybrids, but rather represented rare gene introgressions between those species. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that <i>P. nodorum</i> originated as a pathogen of wild grasses in the Fertile Crescent, then emerged as a wheat pathogen via host-tracking during the domestication of wheat in the same region. The discovery of a diverse array of <i>Parastagonospora</i> species infecting wheat in Iran suggests that new wheat pathogens could emerge from this region in the future. <b>Citation</b>: Croll D, Crous PW, Pereira D, et al. 2021. Genome-scale phylogenies reveal relationships among Parastagonospora species infecting domesticated and wild grasses. Persoonia 46: 116-128. https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.46.04.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"46 ","pages":"116-128"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9311395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10588959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2019-09-10DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.02
S Bien, C Kraus, U Damm
Strains with a yeast-like appearance were frequently collected in two surveys on the biodiversity of fungi in Germany, either associated with necroses in wood of Prunus trees in orchards in Saxony, Lower Saxony and Baden-Württemberg or captured in spore traps mounted on grapevine shoots in a vineyard in Rhineland-Palatinate. The morphology of the strains was reminiscent of the genus Collophorina: all strains produced aseptate conidia on integrated conidiogenous cells directly on hyphae, on discrete phialides, adelophialides and by microcyclic conidiation, while in some strains additionally endoconidia or conidia in conidiomata were observed. Blastn searches with the ITS region placed the strains in the Leotiomycetes close to Collophorina spp. Analyses based on morphological and multi-locus sequence data (LSU, ITS, EF-1α, GAPDH) revealed that the 152 isolates from wood of Prunus spp. belong to five species including C. paarla, C. africana and three new species. A further ten isolates from spore traps belonged to seven new species, of which one was isolated from Prunus wood as well. However, a comparison with both LSU and ITS sequence data of these collophorina-like species with reference sequences from further Leotiomycetes revealed the genus Collophorina to be polyphyletic and the strains to pertain to several genera within the Phacidiales. Collophorina paarla and C. euphorbiae are transferred to the newly erected genera Pallidophorina and Ramoconidiophora, respectively. The new genera Capturomyces, Variabilispora and Vexillomyces are erected to accommodate five new species isolated from spore traps. In total nine species were recognised as new to science and described as Collophorina badensis, C. germanica, C. neorubra, Capturomyces funiculosus, Ca. luteus, Tympanis inflata, Variabilispora flava, Vexillomyces palatinus and V. verruculosus.
{"title":"Novel collophorina-like genera and species from <i>Prunus</i> trees and vineyards in Germany.","authors":"S Bien, C Kraus, U Damm","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.02","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Strains with a yeast-like appearance were frequently collected in two surveys on the biodiversity of fungi in Germany, either associated with necroses in wood of <i>Prunus</i> trees in orchards in Saxony, Lower Saxony and Baden-Württemberg or captured in spore traps mounted on grapevine shoots in a vineyard in Rhineland-Palatinate. The morphology of the strains was reminiscent of the genus <i>Collophorina</i>: all strains produced aseptate conidia on integrated conidiogenous cells directly on hyphae, on discrete phialides, adelophialides and by microcyclic conidiation, while in some strains additionally endoconidia or conidia in conidiomata were observed. Blastn searches with the ITS region placed the strains in the <i>Leotiomycetes</i> close to <i>Collophorina</i> spp. Analyses based on morphological and multi-locus sequence data (LSU, ITS, <i>EF-1α</i>, <i>GAPDH</i>) revealed that the 152 isolates from wood of <i>Prunus</i> spp. belong to five species including <i>C. paarla</i>, <i>C. africana</i> and three new species. A further ten isolates from spore traps belonged to seven new species, of which one was isolated from <i>Prunus</i> wood as well. However, a comparison with both LSU and ITS sequence data of these collophorina-like species with reference sequences from further <i>Leotiomycetes</i> revealed the genus <i>Collophorina</i> to be polyphyletic and the strains to pertain to several genera within the <i>Phacidiales</i>. <i>Collophorina paarla</i> and <i>C. euphorbiae</i> are transferred to the newly erected genera <i>Pallidophorina</i> and <i>Ramoconidiophora</i>, respectively. The new genera <i>Capturomyces</i>, <i>Variabilispora</i> and <i>Vexillomyces</i> are erected to accommodate five new species isolated from spore traps. In total nine species were recognised as new to science and described as <i>Collophorina badensis</i>, <i>C. germanica</i>, <i>C. neorubra</i>, <i>Capturomyces funiculosus</i>, <i>Ca. luteus</i>, <i>Tympanis inflata</i>, <i>Variabilispora flava</i>, <i>Vexillomyces palatinus</i> and <i>V. verruculosus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"46-67"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/35/70/per-2020-45-2.PMC8375351.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-10-29DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.08
C F J Spies, L Mostert, A Carlucci, P Moyo, W J van Jaarsveld, I L du Plessis, M van Dyk, F Halleen
Trunk disease fungal pathogens reduce olive production globally by causing cankers, dieback, and other decline-related symptoms on olive trees. Very few fungi have been reported in association with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Many of the fungal species reported from symptomatic olive trees in other countries have broad host ranges and are known to occur on other woody host plants in the Western Cape province, the main olive production region of South Africa. This survey investigated the diversity of fungi and symptoms associated with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Isolations were made from internal wood symptoms of 145 European and 42 wild olive trees sampled in 10 and 9 districts, respectively. A total of 99 taxa were identified among 440 fungal isolates using combinations of morphological and molecular techniques. A new species of Pseudophaeomoniella, P. globosa, had the highest incidence, being recovered from 42.8 % of European and 54.8 % of wild olive samples. This species was recovered from 9 of the 10 districts where European olive trees were sampled and from all districts where wild olive trees were sampled. Members of the Phaeomoniellales (mainly P. globosa) were the most prevalent fungi in five of the seven symptom types considered, the only exceptions being twig dieback, where members of the Botryosphaeriaceae were more common, and soft/white rot where only Basidiomycota were recovered. Several of the species identified are known as pathogens of olives or other woody crops either in South Africa or elsewhere in the world, including species of Neofusicoccum, Phaeoacremonium, and Pleurostoma richardsiae. However, 81 of the 99 taxa identified have not previously been recorded on olive trees and have unknown interactions with this host. These taxa include one new genus and several putative new species, of which four are formally described as Celerioriella umnquma sp. nov., Pseudophaeomoniella globosa sp. nov., Vredendaliella oleae gen. & sp. nov., and Xenocylindrosporium margaritarum sp. nov.
{"title":"Dieback and decline pathogens of olive trees in South Africa.","authors":"C F J Spies, L Mostert, A Carlucci, P Moyo, W J van Jaarsveld, I L du Plessis, M van Dyk, F Halleen","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trunk disease fungal pathogens reduce olive production globally by causing cankers, dieback, and other decline-related symptoms on olive trees. Very few fungi have been reported in association with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Many of the fungal species reported from symptomatic olive trees in other countries have broad host ranges and are known to occur on other woody host plants in the Western Cape province, the main olive production region of South Africa. This survey investigated the diversity of fungi and symptoms associated with olive dieback and decline in South Africa. Isolations were made from internal wood symptoms of 145 European and 42 wild olive trees sampled in 10 and 9 districts, respectively. A total of 99 taxa were identified among 440 fungal isolates using combinations of morphological and molecular techniques. A new species of <i>Pseudophaeomoniella</i>, <i>P. globosa</i>, had the highest incidence, being recovered from 42.8 % of European and 54.8 % of wild olive samples. This species was recovered from 9 of the 10 districts where European olive trees were sampled and from all districts where wild olive trees were sampled. Members of the <i>Phaeomoniellales</i> (mainly <i>P. globosa</i>) were the most prevalent fungi in five of the seven symptom types considered, the only exceptions being twig dieback, where members of the <i>Botryosphaeriaceae</i> were more common, and soft/white rot where only <i>Basidiomycota</i> were recovered. Several of the species identified are known as pathogens of olives or other woody crops either in South Africa or elsewhere in the world, including species of <i>Neofusicoccum</i>, <i>Phaeoacremonium</i>, and <i>Pleurostoma richardsiae</i>. However, 81 of the 99 taxa identified have not previously been recorded on olive trees and have unknown interactions with this host. These taxa include one new genus and several putative new species, of which four are formally described as <i>Celerioriella umnquma</i> sp. nov., <i>Pseudophaeomoniella globosa</i> sp. nov., <i>Vredendaliella oleae</i> gen. & sp. nov., and <i>Xenocylindrosporium margaritarum</i> sp. nov.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"196-220"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f7/4a/per-2020-45-8.PMC8375345.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-01-10DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.03
P Zhao, X H Qi, P W Crous, W J Duan, L Cai
Gymnosporangium species (Pucciniaceae, Pucciniales, Basidiomycota) are the causal agents of cedar-apple rust diseases, which can lead to significant economic losses to apple cultivars. Currently, the genus contains 17 described species that alternate between spermogonial/aecial stages on Malus species and telial stages on Juniperus or Chamaecyparis species, although these have yet to receive a modern systematic treatment. Furthermore, prior studies have shown that Gymnosporangium does not belong to the Pucciniaceae sensu stricto (s.str.), nor is it allied to any currently defined rust family. In this study we examine the phylogenetic placement of the genus Gymnosporangium. We also delineate interspecific boundaries of the Gymnosporangium species on Malus based on phylogenies inferred from concatenated data of rDNA SSU, ITS and LSU and the holomorphic morphology of the entire life cycle. Based on these results, we propose a new family, Gymnosporangiaceae, to accommodate the genus Gymnosporangium, and recognize 22 Gymnosporangium species parasitic on Malus species, of which G. lachrymiforme, G. shennongjiaense, G. spinulosum, G. tiankengense and G. kanas are new. Typification of G. asiaticum, G. fenzelianum, G. juniperi-virginianae, G. libocedri, G. nelsonii, G. nidus-avis and G. yamadae are proposed to stabilize the use of names. Morphological and molecular data from type materials of 14 Gymnosporangium species are provided. Finally, morphological characteristics, host alternation and geographical distribution data are provided for each Gymnosporangium species on Malus.
{"title":"<i>Gymnosporangium</i> species on <i>Malus</i>: species delineation, diversity and host alternation.","authors":"P Zhao, X H Qi, P W Crous, W J Duan, L Cai","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Gymnosporangium</i> species (<i>Pucciniaceae</i>, <i>Pucciniales</i>, <i>Basidiomycota</i>) are the causal agents of cedar-apple rust diseases, which can lead to significant economic losses to apple cultivars. Currently, the genus contains 17 described species that alternate between spermogonial/aecial stages on <i>Malus</i> species and telial stages on <i>Juniperus</i> or <i>Chamaecyparis</i> species, although these have yet to receive a modern systematic treatment. Furthermore, prior studies have shown that <i>Gymnosporangium</i> does not belong to the <i>Pucciniaceae</i> sensu stricto (s.str.), nor is it allied to any currently defined rust family. In this study we examine the phylogenetic placement of the genus <i>Gymnosporangium.</i> We also delineate interspecific boundaries of the <i>Gymnosporangium</i> species on <i>Malus</i> based on phylogenies inferred from concatenated data of rDNA SSU, ITS and LSU and the holomorphic morphology of the entire life cycle. Based on these results, we propose a new family, <i>Gymnosporangiaceae</i>, to accommodate the genus <i>Gymnosporangium</i>, and recognize 22 <i>Gymnosporangium</i> species parasitic on <i>Malus</i> species, of which <i>G. lachrymiforme</i>, <i>G. shennongjiaense</i>, <i>G. spinulosum</i>, <i>G. tiankengense</i> and <i>G. kanas</i> are new. Typification of <i>G. asiaticum</i>, <i>G. fenzelianum</i>, <i>G. juniperi-virginianae</i>, <i>G. libocedri</i>, <i>G. nelsonii</i>, <i>G. nidus-avis</i> and <i>G. yamadae</i> are proposed to stabilize the use of names. Morphological and molecular data from type materials of 14 <i>Gymnosporangium</i> species are provided. Finally, morphological characteristics, host alternation and geographical distribution data are provided for each <i>Gymnosporangium</i> species on <i>Malus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"68-100"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/d5/per-2020-45-3.PMC8375348.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-03-17DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.06
J Q Li, B D Wingfield, M J Wingfield, I Barnes, A Fourie, P W Crous, S F Chen
The genus Calonectria includes many important plant pathogens with a wide global distribution. In order to better understand the reproductive biology of these fungi, we characterised the structure of the mating type locus and flanking genes using the genome sequences for seven Calonectria species. Primers to amplify the mating type genes in other species were also developed. PCR amplification of the mating type genes and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the mating strategies and evolution of mating type in a collection of 70 Calonectria species residing in 10 Calonectria species complexes. Results showed that the organisation of the MAT locus and flanking genes is conserved. In heterothallic species, a novel MAT gene, MAT1-2-12 was identified in the MAT1-2 idiomorph; the MAT1-1 idiomorph, in most cases, contained the MAT1-1-3 gene. Neither MAT1-1-3 nor MAT1-2-12 was found in homothallic Calonectria (Ca.) hongkongensis, Ca. lateralis, Ca. pseudoturangicola and Ca. turangicola. Four different homothallic MAT locus gene arrangements were observed. Ancestral state reconstruction analysis provided evidence that the homothallic state was basal in Calonectria and this evolved from a heterothallic ancestor.
{"title":"Mating genes in <i>Calonectria</i> and evidence for a heterothallic ancestral state.","authors":"J Q Li, B D Wingfield, M J Wingfield, I Barnes, A Fourie, P W Crous, S F Chen","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Calonectria</i> includes many important plant pathogens with a wide global distribution. In order to better understand the reproductive biology of these fungi, we characterised the structure of the mating type locus and flanking genes using the genome sequences for seven <i>Calonectria</i> species. Primers to amplify the mating type genes in other species were also developed. PCR amplification of the mating type genes and multi-gene phylogenetic analyses were used to investigate the mating strategies and evolution of mating type in a collection of 70 <i>Calonectria</i> species residing in 10 <i>Calonectria</i> species complexes. Results showed that the organisation of the <i>MAT</i> locus and flanking genes is conserved. In heterothallic species, a novel <i>MAT</i> gene, <i>MAT1-2-12</i> was identified in the <i>MAT1-2</i> idiomorph; the <i>MAT1-1</i> idiomorph, in most cases, contained the <i>MAT1-1-3</i> gene. Neither <i>MAT1-1-3</i> nor <i>MAT1-2-12</i> was found in homothallic <i>Calonectria</i> (<i>Ca</i>.) <i>hongkongensis</i>, <i>Ca. lateralis</i>, <i>Ca. pseudoturangicola</i> and <i>Ca. turangicola</i>. Four different homothallic <i>MAT</i> locus gene arrangements were observed. Ancestral state reconstruction analysis provided evidence that the homothallic state was basal in <i>Calonectria</i> and this evolved from a heterothallic ancestor.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"163-176"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5f/fd/per-2020-45-6.PMC8375350.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-07-22DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.07
S Marincowitz, T A Duong, S J Taerum, Z W de Beer, M J Wingfield
The red turpentine beetle (RTB; Dendroctonus valens) is a bark beetle that is native to Central and North America. This insect is well-known to live in association with a large number of Ophiostomatalean fungi. The beetle is considered a minor pest in its native range, but has killed millions of indigenous pine trees in China after its appearance in that country in the late 1990s. In order to increase the base of knowledge regarding the RTB and its symbionts, surveys of the beetle's fungal associates were initially undertaken in China, and in a subsequent study in its native range in North America. A total of 30 Ophiostomatalean species that included several undescribed taxa, were identified in these surveys. In the present study, seven of the undescribed taxa collected during the surveys were further characterised based on their morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenies. We proceeded to describe five of these as novel Leptographium spp. and two as new species of Ophiostoma. Four of the Leptographium spp. resided in the G. galeiformis-species complex, while one formed part of the L. olivaceum-species complex. One Ophiostoma sp. was a member of the O. ips-species complex, while the only new species from China was closely related to O. floccosum. Two of the previously undescribed taxa from North America were shown to be congeneric with L. terebrantis, implying that this species was most often isolated in association with the RTB in North America. The undescribed taxon from North America was identified as O. ips, and like L. terebrantis, this species was also not recognized during the initial North American survey. Resolving the identities of these taxa provides essential baseline information to better understand the movement of fungal pathogens with this beetle. This then enhances our ability to accurately assess and predict the risks of invasions by these and related fungi.
{"title":"Fungal associates of an invasive pine-infesting bark beetle, <i>Dendroctonus valens</i>, including seven new Ophiostomatalean fungi.","authors":"S Marincowitz, T A Duong, S J Taerum, Z W de Beer, M J Wingfield","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The red turpentine beetle (RTB; <i>Dendroctonus valens</i>) is a bark beetle that is native to Central and North America. This insect is well-known to live in association with a large number of Ophiostomatalean fungi. The beetle is considered a minor pest in its native range, but has killed millions of indigenous pine trees in China after its appearance in that country in the late 1990s. In order to increase the base of knowledge regarding the RTB and its symbionts, surveys of the beetle's fungal associates were initially undertaken in China, and in a subsequent study in its native range in North America. A total of 30 Ophiostomatalean species that included several undescribed taxa, were identified in these surveys. In the present study, seven of the undescribed taxa collected during the surveys were further characterised based on their morphological characteristics and multi-gene phylogenies. We proceeded to describe five of these as novel <i>Leptographium</i> spp. and two as new species of <i>Ophiostoma</i>. Four of the <i>Leptographium</i> spp. resided in the <i>G. galeiformis-</i>species complex, while one formed part of the <i>L. olivaceum</i>-species complex<i>.</i> One <i>Ophiostoma</i> sp. was a member of the <i>O. ips</i>-species complex, while the only new species from China was closely related to <i>O. floccosum</i>. Two of the previously undescribed taxa from North America were shown to be congeneric with <i>L. terebrantis</i>, implying that this species was most often isolated in association with the RTB in North America. The undescribed taxon from North America was identified as <i>O. ips</i>, and like <i>L. terebrantis</i>, this species was also not recognized during the initial North American survey. Resolving the identities of these taxa provides essential baseline information to better understand the movement of fungal pathogens with this beetle. This then enhances our ability to accurately assess and predict the risks of invasions by these and related fungi.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"177-195"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/30/05/per-2020-45-7.PMC8375344.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-12-19DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.10
P W Crous, D A Cowan, G Maggs-Kölling, N Yilmaz, E Larsson, C Angelini, T E Brandrud, J D W Dearnaley, B Dima, F Dovana, N Fechner, D García, J Gené, R E Halling, J Houbraken, P Leonard, J J Luangsa-Ard, W Noisripoom, A E Rea-Ireland, H Ševčíková, C W Smyth, A Vizzini, J D Adam, G C Adams, A V Alexandrova, A Alizadeh, E Álvarez Duarte, V Andjic, V Antonín, F Arenas, R Assabgui, J Ballarà, A Banwell, A Berraf-Tebbal, V K Bhatt, G Bonito, W Botha, T I Burgess, M Caboň, J Calvert, L C Carvalhais, R Courtecuisse, P Cullington, N Davoodian, C A Decock, R Dimitrov, S Di Piazza, A Drenth, S Dumez, A Eichmeier, J Etayo, I Fernández, J-P Fiard, J Fournier, S Fuentes-Aponte, M A T Ghanbary, G Ghorbani, A Giraldo, A M Glushakova, D E Gouliamova, J Guarro, F Halleen, F Hampe, M Hernández-Restrepo, I Iturrieta-González, M Jeppson, A V Kachalkin, O Karimi, A N Khalid, A Khonsanit, J I Kim, K Kim, M Kiran, I Krisai-Greilhuber, V Kučera, I Kušan, S D Langenhoven, T Lebel, R Lebeuf, K Liimatainen, C Linde, D L Lindner, L Lombard, A E Mahamedi, N Matočec, A Maxwell, T W May, A R McTaggart, M Meijer, A Mešić, A J Mileto, A N Miller, A Molia, S Mongkolsamrit, C Muñoz Cortés, J Muñoz-Mohedano, A Morte, O V Morozova, L Mostert, R Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, L G Nagy, A Navarro-Ródenas, L Örstadius, B E Overton, V Papp, R Para, U Peintner, T H G Pham, A Pordel, A Pošta, A Rodríguez, M Romberg, M Sandoval-Denis, K A Seifert, K C Semwal, B J Sewall, R G Shivas, M Slovák, K Smith, M Spetik, C F J Spies, K Syme, K Tasanathai, R G Thorn, Z Tkalčec, M A Tomashevskaya, D Torres-Garcia, Z Ullah, C M Visagie, A Voitk, L M Winton, J Z Groenewald
<p><p>Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: <b>Australia</b>, <i>Austroboletus asper</i> on soil, <i>Cylindromonium alloxyli</i> on leaves of <i>Alloxylon pinnatum, Davidhawksworthia quintiniae</i> on leaves of <i>Quintinia sieberi, Exophiala prostantherae</i> on leaves of <i>Prostanthera</i> sp., <i>Lactifluus lactiglaucus</i> on soil, <i>Linteromyces quintiniae</i> (incl. <i>Linteromyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves of <i>Quintinia sieberi</i>, <i>Lophotrichus medusoides</i> from stem tissue of <i>Citrus garrawayi</i>, <i>Mycena pulchra</i> on soil, <i>Neocalonectria tristaniopsidis</i> (incl. <i>Neocalonectria</i> gen. nov.) and <i>Xyladictyochaeta tristaniopsidis</i> on leaves of <i>Tristaniopsis collina, Parasarocladium tasmanniae</i> on leaves of <i>Tasmannia insipida</i>, <i>Phytophthora aquae-cooljarloo</i> from pond water, Serendipita whamiae as endophyte from roots of <i>Eriochilus cucullatus</i>, <i>Veloboletus limbatus</i> (incl. <i>Veloboletus</i> gen. nov.) on soil. <b>Austria</b>, <i>Cortinarius glaucoelotus</i> on soil. <b>Bulgaria</b>, <i>Suhomyces rilaensis</i> from the gut of <i>Bolitophagus interruptus</i> found on a <i>Polyporus</i> sp. <b>Canada</b>, <i>Cantharellus betularum</i> among leaf litter of <i>Betula</i>, <i>Penicillium saanichii</i> from house dust. <b>Chile</b>, <i>Circinella lampensis</i> on soil, <i>Exophiala embothrii</i> from rhizosphere of <i>Embothrium coccineum.</i> <b>China</b>, <i>Colletotrichum cycadis</i> on leaves of <i>Cycas revoluta.</i> <b>Croatia</b>, <i>Phialocephala melitaea</i> on fallen branch of <i>Pinus halepensis</i>. <b>Czech Republic</b>, <i>Geoglossum jirinae</i> on soil, <i>Pyrenochaetopsis rajhradensis</i> from dead wood of <i>Buxus sempervirens.</i> <b>Dominican Republic</b>, <i>Amanita domingensis</i> on litter of deciduous wood, <i>Melanoleuca dominicana</i> on forest litter. <b>France</b>, <i>Crinipellis nigrolamellata</i> (Martinique) on leaves of <i>Pisonia fragrans</i>, <i>Talaromyces pulveris</i> from bore dust of <i>Xestobium rufovillosum</i> infesting floorboards. <b>French Guiana</b>, <i>Hypoxylon hepaticolor</i> on dead corticated branch. <b>Great Britain</b>, <i>Inocybe ionolepis</i> on soil. <b>India</b>, <i>Cortinarius indopurpurascens</i> among leaf litter of <i>Quercus leucotrichophora.</i> <b>Iran</b>, <i>Pseudopyricularia javanii</i> on infected leaves of <i>Cyperus</i> sp., <i>Xenomonodictys iranica</i> (incl. <i>Xenomonodictys</i> gen. nov.) on wood of <i>Fagus orientalis.</i> <b>Italy</b>, <i>Penicillium vallebormidaense</i> from compost. <b>Namibia</b>, <i>Alternaria mirabibensis</i> on plant litter, <i>Curvularia moringae</i> and <i>Moringomyces phantasmae</i> (incl. <i>Moringomyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves and flowers of <i>Moringa ovalifolia, Gobabebomyces vachelliae</i> (incl. <i>Gobabebomyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves of <i>Vachellia erioloba, Preussia procaviae</i> on dung of <i>Procavia capensis.</i> <b>
{"title":"Fungal Planet description sheets: 1112-1181.","authors":"P W Crous, D A Cowan, G Maggs-Kölling, N Yilmaz, E Larsson, C Angelini, T E Brandrud, J D W Dearnaley, B Dima, F Dovana, N Fechner, D García, J Gené, R E Halling, J Houbraken, P Leonard, J J Luangsa-Ard, W Noisripoom, A E Rea-Ireland, H Ševčíková, C W Smyth, A Vizzini, J D Adam, G C Adams, A V Alexandrova, A Alizadeh, E Álvarez Duarte, V Andjic, V Antonín, F Arenas, R Assabgui, J Ballarà, A Banwell, A Berraf-Tebbal, V K Bhatt, G Bonito, W Botha, T I Burgess, M Caboň, J Calvert, L C Carvalhais, R Courtecuisse, P Cullington, N Davoodian, C A Decock, R Dimitrov, S Di Piazza, A Drenth, S Dumez, A Eichmeier, J Etayo, I Fernández, J-P Fiard, J Fournier, S Fuentes-Aponte, M A T Ghanbary, G Ghorbani, A Giraldo, A M Glushakova, D E Gouliamova, J Guarro, F Halleen, F Hampe, M Hernández-Restrepo, I Iturrieta-González, M Jeppson, A V Kachalkin, O Karimi, A N Khalid, A Khonsanit, J I Kim, K Kim, M Kiran, I Krisai-Greilhuber, V Kučera, I Kušan, S D Langenhoven, T Lebel, R Lebeuf, K Liimatainen, C Linde, D L Lindner, L Lombard, A E Mahamedi, N Matočec, A Maxwell, T W May, A R McTaggart, M Meijer, A Mešić, A J Mileto, A N Miller, A Molia, S Mongkolsamrit, C Muñoz Cortés, J Muñoz-Mohedano, A Morte, O V Morozova, L Mostert, R Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, L G Nagy, A Navarro-Ródenas, L Örstadius, B E Overton, V Papp, R Para, U Peintner, T H G Pham, A Pordel, A Pošta, A Rodríguez, M Romberg, M Sandoval-Denis, K A Seifert, K C Semwal, B J Sewall, R G Shivas, M Slovák, K Smith, M Spetik, C F J Spies, K Syme, K Tasanathai, R G Thorn, Z Tkalčec, M A Tomashevskaya, D Torres-Garcia, Z Ullah, C M Visagie, A Voitk, L M Winton, J Z Groenewald","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.10","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: <b>Australia</b>, <i>Austroboletus asper</i> on soil, <i>Cylindromonium alloxyli</i> on leaves of <i>Alloxylon pinnatum, Davidhawksworthia quintiniae</i> on leaves of <i>Quintinia sieberi, Exophiala prostantherae</i> on leaves of <i>Prostanthera</i> sp., <i>Lactifluus lactiglaucus</i> on soil, <i>Linteromyces quintiniae</i> (incl. <i>Linteromyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves of <i>Quintinia sieberi</i>, <i>Lophotrichus medusoides</i> from stem tissue of <i>Citrus garrawayi</i>, <i>Mycena pulchra</i> on soil, <i>Neocalonectria tristaniopsidis</i> (incl. <i>Neocalonectria</i> gen. nov.) and <i>Xyladictyochaeta tristaniopsidis</i> on leaves of <i>Tristaniopsis collina, Parasarocladium tasmanniae</i> on leaves of <i>Tasmannia insipida</i>, <i>Phytophthora aquae-cooljarloo</i> from pond water, Serendipita whamiae as endophyte from roots of <i>Eriochilus cucullatus</i>, <i>Veloboletus limbatus</i> (incl. <i>Veloboletus</i> gen. nov.) on soil. <b>Austria</b>, <i>Cortinarius glaucoelotus</i> on soil. <b>Bulgaria</b>, <i>Suhomyces rilaensis</i> from the gut of <i>Bolitophagus interruptus</i> found on a <i>Polyporus</i> sp. <b>Canada</b>, <i>Cantharellus betularum</i> among leaf litter of <i>Betula</i>, <i>Penicillium saanichii</i> from house dust. <b>Chile</b>, <i>Circinella lampensis</i> on soil, <i>Exophiala embothrii</i> from rhizosphere of <i>Embothrium coccineum.</i> <b>China</b>, <i>Colletotrichum cycadis</i> on leaves of <i>Cycas revoluta.</i> <b>Croatia</b>, <i>Phialocephala melitaea</i> on fallen branch of <i>Pinus halepensis</i>. <b>Czech Republic</b>, <i>Geoglossum jirinae</i> on soil, <i>Pyrenochaetopsis rajhradensis</i> from dead wood of <i>Buxus sempervirens.</i> <b>Dominican Republic</b>, <i>Amanita domingensis</i> on litter of deciduous wood, <i>Melanoleuca dominicana</i> on forest litter. <b>France</b>, <i>Crinipellis nigrolamellata</i> (Martinique) on leaves of <i>Pisonia fragrans</i>, <i>Talaromyces pulveris</i> from bore dust of <i>Xestobium rufovillosum</i> infesting floorboards. <b>French Guiana</b>, <i>Hypoxylon hepaticolor</i> on dead corticated branch. <b>Great Britain</b>, <i>Inocybe ionolepis</i> on soil. <b>India</b>, <i>Cortinarius indopurpurascens</i> among leaf litter of <i>Quercus leucotrichophora.</i> <b>Iran</b>, <i>Pseudopyricularia javanii</i> on infected leaves of <i>Cyperus</i> sp., <i>Xenomonodictys iranica</i> (incl. <i>Xenomonodictys</i> gen. nov.) on wood of <i>Fagus orientalis.</i> <b>Italy</b>, <i>Penicillium vallebormidaense</i> from compost. <b>Namibia</b>, <i>Alternaria mirabibensis</i> on plant litter, <i>Curvularia moringae</i> and <i>Moringomyces phantasmae</i> (incl. <i>Moringomyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves and flowers of <i>Moringa ovalifolia, Gobabebomyces vachelliae</i> (incl. <i>Gobabebomyces</i> gen. nov.) on leaves of <i>Vachellia erioloba, Preussia procaviae</i> on dung of <i>Procavia capensis.</i> <b>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"251-409"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/8d/cb/per-2020-45-10.PMC8375349.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2019-06-18DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.01
X L Fan, J D P Bezerra, C M Tian, P W Crous
Members of the genus Cytospora are often reported as endophytes, saprobes or phytopathogens, primarily causing canker diseases of woody host plants. They occur on a wide range of hosts and have a worldwide distribution. Although several species have in the past been reported from China, the vast majority are not known from culture or DNA phylogeny. The primary aim of the present study was thus to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of a large collection of Cytospora species associated with diverse hosts in China. Cytospora spp. were collected in northeast, northwest, north and southwest China, indicating that the cold and dry environments favour these fungi. In this paper, we provide an assessment of 52 Cytospora spp. in China, focussing on 40 species represented by 88 isolates from 28 host genera. Based on a combination of morphology and a six-locus phylogeny (ITS, LSU, act1, rpb2, tef1-α and tub2), 13 new species and one new combination are introduced. The majority of the species investigated here appear to be host-specific, although further collections and pathogenicity studies will be required to confirm this conclusion.
{"title":"<i>Cytospora</i> (<i>Diaporthales</i>) in China.","authors":"X L Fan, J D P Bezerra, C M Tian, P W Crous","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the genus <i>Cytospora</i> are often reported as endophytes, saprobes or phytopathogens, primarily causing canker diseases of woody host plants. They occur on a wide range of hosts and have a worldwide distribution. Although several species have in the past been reported from China, the vast majority are not known from culture or DNA phylogeny. The primary aim of the present study was thus to clarify the taxonomy and phylogeny of a large collection of <i>Cytospora</i> species associated with diverse hosts in China. <i>Cytospora</i> spp. were collected in northeast, northwest, north and southwest China, indicating that the cold and dry environments favour these fungi. In this paper, we provide an assessment of 52 <i>Cytospora</i> spp. in China, focussing on 40 species represented by 88 isolates from 28 host genera. Based on a combination of morphology and a six-locus phylogeny (ITS, LSU, <i>act1</i>, <i>rpb2</i>, <i>tef1-α</i> and <i>tub2</i>), 13 new species and one new combination are introduced. The majority of the species investigated here appear to be host-specific, although further collections and pathogenicity studies will be required to confirm this conclusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"1-45"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a1/15/per-2020-45-1.PMC8375343.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01Epub Date: 2020-11-23DOI: 10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.09
N Forin, A Vizzini, S Nigris, E Ercole, S Voyron, M Girlanda, B Baldan
Specimens of Nectria spp. and Nectriella rufofusca were obtained from the fungarium of Pier Andrea Saccardo, and investigated via a morphological and molecular approach based on MiSeq technology. ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were successfully obtained from 24 specimens identified as 'Nectria' sensu Saccardo (including 20 types) and from the type specimen of Nectriella rufofusca. For Nectria ambigua, N. radians and N. tjibodensis only the ITS1 sequence was recovered. On the basis of morphological and molecular analyses new nomenclatural combinations for Nectria albofimbriata, N. ambigua, N. ambigua var. pallens, N. granuligera, N. peziza subsp. reyesiana, N. radians, N. squamuligera, N. tjibodensis and new synonymies for N. congesta, N. flageoletiana, N.phyllostachydis, N. sordescens and N. tjibodensis var. crebrior are proposed. Furthermore, the current classification is confirmed for Nectria coronata, N. cyanostoma, N. dolichospora, N. illudens, N. leucotricha, N. mantuana, N. raripila and Nectriella rufofusca. This is the first time that these more than 100-yr-old specimens are subjected to molecular analysis, thereby providing important new DNA sequence data authentic for these names.
摘要利用MiSeq技术,从意大利沙卡多码头(Pier Andrea Saccardo)的真菌场中获得了nectriia spp.和rufofusca Nectriella的标本,并进行了形态学和分子生物学的研究。成功地从24个被鉴定为“nectriia”sensu Saccardo的标本(包括20个类型)和rufofusca的模式标本中获得了ITS1和ITS2序列。对于双歧黑蝇、弧度黑蝇和黑蝇,只恢复了ITS1序列。在形态学和分子生物学分析的基础上,建立了红木网蝗、双歧网蝗、双歧网蝗变种黄斑网蝗、细粒网蝗和紫斑网蝗的新命名组合。提出了reyesiana, radians, squamuligera, njibodensis和congesta, nflageoletiana, phyllostachydis, nsordescens和njibodensis var. crebris的新同义词。此外,冠状nectriia coronata、cyanostoma、N. dolichospora、N. illudens、N. leucotricha、N. mantuana、N. raripila和rufofusca的分类也得到了确认。这是第一次对这些100多年前的标本进行分子分析,从而为这些名字提供了重要的新的DNA序列数据。
{"title":"Illuminating type collections of nectriaceous fungi in Saccardo's fungarium.","authors":"N Forin, A Vizzini, S Nigris, E Ercole, S Voyron, M Girlanda, B Baldan","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.09","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Specimens of <i>Nectria</i> spp. and <i>Nectriella rufofusca</i> were obtained from the fungarium of Pier Andrea Saccardo, and investigated via a morphological and molecular approach based on MiSeq technology. ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were successfully obtained from 24 specimens identified as '<i>Nectria</i>' sensu Saccardo (including 20 types) and from the type specimen of <i>Nectriella rufofusca</i>. For <i>Nectria ambigua</i>, <i>N</i>. <i>radians</i> and <i>N. tjibodensis</i> only the ITS1 sequence was recovered. On the basis of morphological and molecular analyses new nomenclatural combinations for <i>Nectria albofimbriata</i>, <i>N. ambigua</i>, <i>N. ambigua</i> var. <i>pallens</i>, <i>N. granuligera</i>, <i>N. peziza</i> subsp. <i>reyesiana</i>, <i>N. radians</i>, <i>N. squamuligera</i>, <i>N. tjibodensis</i> and new synonymies for <i>N. congesta</i>, <i>N. flageoletiana</i>, <i>N.</i> <i>phyllostachydis</i>, <i>N. sordescens</i> and <i>N. tjibodensis</i> var. <i>crebrior</i> are proposed. Furthermore, the current classification is confirmed for <i>Nectria coronata</i>, <i>N. cyanostoma</i>, <i>N. dolichospora</i>, <i>N. illudens</i>, <i>N. leucotricha</i>, <i>N. mantuana</i>, <i>N. raripila</i> and <i>Nectriella rufofusca</i>. This is the first time that these more than 100-yr-old specimens are subjected to molecular analysis, thereby providing important new DNA sequence data authentic for these names.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"45 ","pages":"221-249"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/16/df/per-2020-45-9.PMC8375352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39363394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}