Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1108/prt-07-2023-0063
C. N. Njoku, Temple Uzoma Maduoma, W. Emori, Rita Emmanuel Odey, Beshel M. Unimke, E. Yakubu, Cyril C. Anorondu, D. I. Udunwa, O. Njoku, K. Oyoh
Purpose Corrosion is a major concern for many industries that use metals as structural or functional materials, and the use of corrosion inhibitors is a widely accepted strategy to protect metals from deterioration in corrosive environments. Moreover, the toxic nature, non-biodegradability and price of most conventional corrosion inhibitors have encouraged the application of greener and more sustainable options, with natural and synthetic drugs being major actors. Hence, this paper aims to stress the capability of natural and synthetic drugs as manageable and sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions to the problem of metal corrosion. Design/methodology/approach In this review, the recent developments in the use of natural and synthetic drugs as corrosion inhibitors are explored in detail to highlight the key advancements and drawbacks towards the advantageous utilization of drugs as corrosion inhibitors. Findings Corrosion is a critical issue in numerous modern applications, and conventional strategies of corrosion inhibition include the use of toxic and environmentally harmful chemicals. As greener alternatives, natural compounds like plant extracts, essential oils and biopolymers, as well as synthetic drugs, are highlighted in this review. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these compounds, as well as their effectiveness in preventing corrosion, are discussed in the review. Originality/value This survey stresses on the most recent abilities of natural and synthetic drugs as viable and sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions to the problem of metal corrosion, thus expanding the general knowledge of green corrosion inhibitors.
{"title":"Natural and synthetic drugs as eco-friendly and sustainable corrosion inhibitors for metals: a review","authors":"C. N. Njoku, Temple Uzoma Maduoma, W. Emori, Rita Emmanuel Odey, Beshel M. Unimke, E. Yakubu, Cyril C. Anorondu, D. I. Udunwa, O. Njoku, K. Oyoh","doi":"10.1108/prt-07-2023-0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2023-0063","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000Corrosion is a major concern for many industries that use metals as structural or functional materials, and the use of corrosion inhibitors is a widely accepted strategy to protect metals from deterioration in corrosive environments. Moreover, the toxic nature, non-biodegradability and price of most conventional corrosion inhibitors have encouraged the application of greener and more sustainable options, with natural and synthetic drugs being major actors. Hence, this paper aims to stress the capability of natural and synthetic drugs as manageable and sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions to the problem of metal corrosion.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this review, the recent developments in the use of natural and synthetic drugs as corrosion inhibitors are explored in detail to highlight the key advancements and drawbacks towards the advantageous utilization of drugs as corrosion inhibitors.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Corrosion is a critical issue in numerous modern applications, and conventional strategies of corrosion inhibition include the use of toxic and environmentally harmful chemicals. As greener alternatives, natural compounds like plant extracts, essential oils and biopolymers, as well as synthetic drugs, are highlighted in this review. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these compounds, as well as their effectiveness in preventing corrosion, are discussed in the review.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This survey stresses on the most recent abilities of natural and synthetic drugs as viable and sustainable, environmentally friendly solutions to the problem of metal corrosion, thus expanding the general knowledge of green corrosion inhibitors.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84110919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1108/prt-02-2023-0015
Hammama Irfan, Tahreem Baig, Farhana Naeem, M. Irfan, S. Naqvi, Shengyuan Yang
Purpose The purpose of this study is to highlight the threats related to the utilization of synthetic fibers. Volatile organic compounds, particulates and acid gases are released during the production of polyester and other synthetic textiles. Polyester is problematic solid waste material as it takes centuries to break down and hence causes microplastic pollution. Biodegradable synthetic solutions for the replacement of polyester are a sustainable business marketing these days. The naNia fiber is the breakthrough product and it is claimed a biodegradable, compostable and toxin-free polymer. Design/methodology/approach In this research, fabric constructed of naNia fiber was dyed with the extract of naturally occurring Lawsonia inermis (henna) plant leaves. The henna dye was extracted in water and ethanol using different methods, and the better extract was selected by the evaluation of ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and phytochemical analysis. Henna with ethanol extract showed more desirable results hence it was selected to dye naNia fabric. To improve dyeability, premordanting, simultaneous mordanting and postmordanting were done using chitosan, fresh lemon extract and tannic acid, respectively. The dyed fabric samples were subjected to color strength analysis and multiple colorfastness tests. Findings The colorfastness test has shown good to excellent results. Scanning electron microscope analysis had also shown the attachment of dye molecules to the filaments. This study revealed that henna dye is appropriate to color naNia fiber even without the aid of a mordant. Originality/value For the first time, toxicant-free, biodegradable polyester (naNia) is successfully dyed with sustainable and naturally available dyes and mordants.
{"title":"Sustainable technique of dyeing bio-degradable polyester using henna extract","authors":"Hammama Irfan, Tahreem Baig, Farhana Naeem, M. Irfan, S. Naqvi, Shengyuan Yang","doi":"10.1108/prt-02-2023-0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2023-0015","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to highlight the threats related to the utilization of synthetic fibers. Volatile organic compounds, particulates and acid gases are released during the production of polyester and other synthetic textiles. Polyester is problematic solid waste material as it takes centuries to break down and hence causes microplastic pollution. Biodegradable synthetic solutions for the replacement of polyester are a sustainable business marketing these days. The naNia fiber is the breakthrough product and it is claimed a biodegradable, compostable and toxin-free polymer.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this research, fabric constructed of naNia fiber was dyed with the extract of naturally occurring Lawsonia inermis (henna) plant leaves. The henna dye was extracted in water and ethanol using different methods, and the better extract was selected by the evaluation of ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy and phytochemical analysis. Henna with ethanol extract showed more desirable results hence it was selected to dye naNia fabric. To improve dyeability, premordanting, simultaneous mordanting and postmordanting were done using chitosan, fresh lemon extract and tannic acid, respectively. The dyed fabric samples were subjected to color strength analysis and multiple colorfastness tests.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The colorfastness test has shown good to excellent results. Scanning electron microscope analysis had also shown the attachment of dye molecules to the filaments. This study revealed that henna dye is appropriate to color naNia fiber even without the aid of a mordant.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000For the first time, toxicant-free, biodegradable polyester (naNia) is successfully dyed with sustainable and naturally available dyes and mordants.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85002238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1108/prt-03-2023-0029
Pankaj Naharwal, Mahesh Meena, Charul Somani, N. Kumari, Dinesh Yadav
Purpose This paper aims to critically review the isolation and chemistry of plant pigments. Design/methodology/approach A literature survey from 1974 to 2022 was carried out and studied thoroughly. The authors reviewed literature in various areas such as isolation methods and catalytic properties of pigments. Findings With vast growing research in the field of catalytic activities of various pigments like chlorophyll, anthocyanin and flavonoids, there is still scope for further research for the pigments such as Lycopene, carotenoids and xanthophyll as there has not been any significant work in this area. Research limitations/implications Plant pigments may be used as an ecofriendly catalyst for chemical reactions. Practical implications One can get the direction of pigment research. Social implications Plant pigments are natural and ecofriendly catalyst which can reduce the pollution. Originality/value This is an original work. This paper precisely depicts the advantages as well as disadvantages of the isolation techniques of pigments. This study also presents the chemistry of plant pigments. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Isolation and chemistry of plant pigments","authors":"Pankaj Naharwal, Mahesh Meena, Charul Somani, N. Kumari, Dinesh Yadav","doi":"10.1108/prt-03-2023-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-03-2023-0029","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to critically review the isolation and chemistry of plant pigments.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A literature survey from 1974 to 2022 was carried out and studied thoroughly. The authors reviewed literature in various areas such as isolation methods and catalytic properties of pigments.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000With vast growing research in the field of catalytic activities of various pigments like chlorophyll, anthocyanin and flavonoids, there is still scope for further research for the pigments such as Lycopene, carotenoids and xanthophyll as there has not been any significant work in this area.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Plant pigments may be used as an ecofriendly catalyst for chemical reactions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000One can get the direction of pigment research.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000Plant pigments are natural and ecofriendly catalyst which can reduce the pollution.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This is an original work. This paper precisely depicts the advantages as well as disadvantages of the isolation techniques of pigments. This study also presents the chemistry of plant pigments.\u0000\u0000\u0000Graphical abstract\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80305177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.1108/prt-04-2023-0033
Lucas Ioran Marciano, Guilherme A. Pedro, Wallyson Ribeiro dos Santos, G. Tagliaferro, Fabio Rodolfo Miguel Batista, D. Guimarães
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of light intensity and sources of carbon and nitrogen on the cultivation of Spirulina maxima. Design/methodology/approach Cultures were carried out in a modified Zarrouk medium using urea, sodium acetate and glycerol. A Taguchi experimental design was used to evaluate the effect on the production of biocompounds: productivities in biomass, carbohydrates, phycocyanin and biochar were analyzed. Findings Statistical data analysis revealed that light intensity and sodium acetate concentration were the most important factors, being significant in three of the four response variables studied. The highest productivities in biomass (46.94 mg.L−1.d−1), carbohydrates (6.11 mg.L−1.d−1), phycocyanin (3.62 mg.L−1.d−1) and biochar (22, 48 mg.L−1.d−1) were achieved in experiment 4 of the Taguchi matrix, highlighting as the ideal condition for the production of biomass, carbohydrates and phycocyanin. Practical implications Sodium acetate and urea can be considered, respectively, as potential sources of carbon and nitrogen to increase Spirulina maxima productivity. From the results, an optimized cultivation condition for the sustainable production of bioproducts was obtained. Originality/value This work focuses on the study of the influence of light intensity and the use of alternative sources of nitrogen and carbon on the growth of Spirulina maxima, as well as on the influence on the productivity of biomass and biocompounds. There are few studies in the literature focused on the phycocyanin production from microalgae, justifying the need to deepen the subject.
{"title":"New nutrients evaluation in Spirulina maxima growth for phycocyanin, carbohydrate, and biochar production","authors":"Lucas Ioran Marciano, Guilherme A. Pedro, Wallyson Ribeiro dos Santos, G. Tagliaferro, Fabio Rodolfo Miguel Batista, D. Guimarães","doi":"10.1108/prt-04-2023-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2023-0033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of light intensity and sources of carbon and nitrogen on the cultivation of Spirulina maxima.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Cultures were carried out in a modified Zarrouk medium using urea, sodium acetate and glycerol. A Taguchi experimental design was used to evaluate the effect on the production of biocompounds: productivities in biomass, carbohydrates, phycocyanin and biochar were analyzed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Statistical data analysis revealed that light intensity and sodium acetate concentration were the most important factors, being significant in three of the four response variables studied. The highest productivities in biomass (46.94 mg.L−1.d−1), carbohydrates (6.11 mg.L−1.d−1), phycocyanin (3.62 mg.L−1.d−1) and biochar (22, 48 mg.L−1.d−1) were achieved in experiment 4 of the Taguchi matrix, highlighting as the ideal condition for the production of biomass, carbohydrates and phycocyanin.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000Sodium acetate and urea can be considered, respectively, as potential sources of carbon and nitrogen to increase Spirulina maxima productivity. From the results, an optimized cultivation condition for the sustainable production of bioproducts was obtained.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This work focuses on the study of the influence of light intensity and the use of alternative sources of nitrogen and carbon on the growth of Spirulina maxima, as well as on the influence on the productivity of biomass and biocompounds. There are few studies in the literature focused on the phycocyanin production from microalgae, justifying the need to deepen the subject.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79438980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-14DOI: 10.1108/prt-11-2022-0139
Ukanah Suleiman Pendo, Kasali Ademola Bello, M. K. Yakubu, A. Giwa, U. Ameuru, Ali Reza Harifi‐Mood, A. Ziyaei Halimehjani
Purpose This paper aims to synthesize a novel series of monoazo disperse dyes based on N-(1-phthalimidyl)-naphthalimides by coupling with substitute anilines, naphthylamines and naphthol derivatives. Design/methodology/approach The purification of the intermediates and the dyes was carried out by recrystallization. The structures of the synthesized intermediates and the dyes were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The absorption maxima, molar extinction coefficient and halochromic properties of the dyes were determined spectrophotometrically using solvents of different polarity. Findings The dyes were applied on polyester using a high-temperature high-pressure dyeing machine, and the dyeing performance parameters such as colour build-up on fabrics, wash fastness, perspiration fastness and light fastness were evaluated. The colour build-up was found to be very good and the wash fastness (4–5) and perspiration fastness (4–5) were excellent, whereas the light fastness was found to vary from moderate to very good (3–6). Research limitations/implications It is not possible to investigate the structure of the synthesized dyes by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis due to the low solubility of dyes in deuterated solvents. Originality/value A novel method for the synthesis of a new category of monoazo disperse dyes based on N-(1-phthalimidyl)-naphthalimides was developed. These dyestuffs could be used in textile printing of polyester fabrics.
{"title":"Synthesis of monoazo disperse dyes derived from N-(1-phthalimidyl)-naphthalimides and their dyeing properties on polyester fabrics","authors":"Ukanah Suleiman Pendo, Kasali Ademola Bello, M. K. Yakubu, A. Giwa, U. Ameuru, Ali Reza Harifi‐Mood, A. Ziyaei Halimehjani","doi":"10.1108/prt-11-2022-0139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2022-0139","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to synthesize a novel series of monoazo disperse dyes based on N-(1-phthalimidyl)-naphthalimides by coupling with substitute anilines, naphthylamines and naphthol derivatives.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The purification of the intermediates and the dyes was carried out by recrystallization. The structures of the synthesized intermediates and the dyes were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. The absorption maxima, molar extinction coefficient and halochromic properties of the dyes were determined spectrophotometrically using solvents of different polarity.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The dyes were applied on polyester using a high-temperature high-pressure dyeing machine, and the dyeing performance parameters such as colour build-up on fabrics, wash fastness, perspiration fastness and light fastness were evaluated. The colour build-up was found to be very good and the wash fastness (4–5) and perspiration fastness (4–5) were excellent, whereas the light fastness was found to vary from moderate to very good (3–6).\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000It is not possible to investigate the structure of the synthesized dyes by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis due to the low solubility of dyes in deuterated solvents.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000A novel method for the synthesis of a new category of monoazo disperse dyes based on N-(1-phthalimidyl)-naphthalimides was developed. These dyestuffs could be used in textile printing of polyester fabrics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73136253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-26DOI: 10.1108/prt-03-2023-0024
H. Mohamed, Wael Sabry Mohamed
Purpose The study aims to assess the efficiency of nanocomposite to improve the properties of gap-filling materials for pottery artifacts. Design/methodology/approach Five different pastes were used in the laboratory studies. The pastes consist mainly of pottery powder (grog), dental plaster, microballoons and an adhesive of Primal AC33, nano-silica and nano kaolinite in various concentrations. The prepared samples were subjected to accelerated heat and light aging. Besides, some investigations were used to evaluate the efficacy of the additive nanomaterials, such as TEM, digital and scanning electron microscopy microscopes. Contact angle, color change, shrinkage degree, physical properties and compressive strength tests were also conducted. Findings The results indicated that using Nano-silica considerably improves the mechanical strength and decreases the shrinkage of gap-filling materials. According to the results, a mixture of grog, microballoons and Primal AC33/Nano-silica Nanocomposites is the optimal gap-filling paste for archaeological pottery. Moreover, this paste showed a higher contact angle (120°), lower color change (ΔE = 2.62), lower shrinkage (3.3%), lower water absorption (3.36%), lower porosity (5.05%) and higher compressive strength (5124 N/mm2). Originality/value This paper attains to develop an economic polymer-nanocomposite that can be used with gap-filling materials for pottery artifacts.
{"title":"Improving the properties of gap-filling materials for pottery artifacts with nano silica and nano kaolinite polymeric nanocomposites","authors":"H. Mohamed, Wael Sabry Mohamed","doi":"10.1108/prt-03-2023-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-03-2023-0024","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The study aims to assess the efficiency of nanocomposite to improve the properties of gap-filling materials for pottery artifacts.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Five different pastes were used in the laboratory studies. The pastes consist mainly of pottery powder (grog), dental plaster, microballoons and an adhesive of Primal AC33, nano-silica and nano kaolinite in various concentrations. The prepared samples were subjected to accelerated heat and light aging. Besides, some investigations were used to evaluate the efficacy of the additive nanomaterials, such as TEM, digital and scanning electron microscopy microscopes. Contact angle, color change, shrinkage degree, physical properties and compressive strength tests were also conducted.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results indicated that using Nano-silica considerably improves the mechanical strength and decreases the shrinkage of gap-filling materials. According to the results, a mixture of grog, microballoons and Primal AC33/Nano-silica Nanocomposites is the optimal gap-filling paste for archaeological pottery. Moreover, this paste showed a higher contact angle (120°), lower color change (ΔE = 2.62), lower shrinkage (3.3%), lower water absorption (3.36%), lower porosity (5.05%) and higher compressive strength (5124 N/mm2).\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This paper attains to develop an economic polymer-nanocomposite that can be used with gap-filling materials for pottery artifacts.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85657212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1108/prt-02-2023-0019
U. Gupta, S. Tiwari, U. Sharma
Purpose The incompatibility of natural fibers with polymer matrices is one of the key obstacles restricting their use in polymer composites. The interfacial connection between the fibers and the matrix was weak resulting in a lack of mechanical properties in the composites. Chemical treatments are often used to change the surface features of plant fibers, yet these treatments have significant drawbacks such as using substantial amounts of liquid and chemicals. Plasma modification has recently become very popular as a viable option as it is easy, dry, ecologically friendly, time-saving and reduces energy consumption. This paper aims to explore plasma treatment for improving the surface adhesion characteristics of sisal fibers (SFs) without compromising the mechanical attributes of the fiber. Design/methodology/approach A cold glow discharge plasma (CGDP) modification using N2 gas at varied power densities of 80 W and 120 W for 0.5 h was conducted to improve the surface morphology and interfacial compatibility of SF. The mechanical characteristics of unmodified and CGDP-modified SF-reinforced epoxy composite (SFREC) were examined as per the American Society for Testing and Materials standards. Findings The cold glow discharge nitrogen plasma treatment of SF at 120 W (30 min) enhanced the SFREC by nearly 122.75% superior interlaminar shear strength, 71.09% greater flexural strength, 84.22% higher tensile strength and 109.74% higher elongation. The combination of improved surface roughness and more effective lignocellulosic exposure has been responsible for the increase in the mechanical characteristics of treated composites. The development of hydrophobicity in the SF had been induced by CGDP N2 modification and enhanced the size of crystals and crystalline structure by removing some unwanted constituents of the SF and etching the smooth lignin-rich surface layer of the SF particularly revealed via FTIR and XRD. Research limitations/implications Chemical and physical treatments have been identified as the most efficient ways of treating the fiber surface. However, the huge amounts of liquids and chemicals needed in chemical methods and their exorbitant performance in terms of energy expenditure have limited their applicability in the past decades. The use of appropriate cohesion in addition to stimulating the biopolymer texture without changing its bulk polymer properties leads to the formation and establishment of plasma surface treatments that offer a unified, repeatable, cost-effective and environmentally benign replacement. Originality/value The authors are sure that this technology will be adopted by the polymer industry, aerospace, automotive and related sectors in the future.
目的天然纤维与高分子基体的不相容性是制约其在高分子复合材料中应用的主要障碍之一。纤维与基体之间的界面连接较弱，导致复合材料缺乏力学性能。化学处理通常用于改变植物纤维的表面特征，然而这些处理有明显的缺点，例如使用大量的液体和化学品。等离子体改性作为一种可行的选择最近变得非常流行，因为它简单、干燥、环保、节省时间和减少能源消耗。本文旨在探讨等离子体处理在不影响剑麻纤维力学特性的情况下，改善剑麻纤维表面粘附特性的方法。采用80w和120w两种不同功率密度的氮气进行冷辉光放电等离子体(CGDP)改性，以改善SF的表面形貌和界面相容性。按照美国测试与材料学会的标准，研究了未改性和cgdp改性的sf增强环氧复合材料(SFREC)的力学特性。结果:在120 W (30 min)低温辉光放电氮等离子体处理下，SF的层间剪切强度提高了122.75%，弯曲强度提高了71.09%，拉伸强度提高了84.22%，伸长率提高了109.74%。改善的表面粗糙度和更有效的木质纤维素暴露的结合是处理复合材料机械特性增加的原因。cgdpn2改性可诱导硅藻土疏水性的发展，通过去除硅藻土中一些不需要的成分和蚀刻硅藻土光滑的富木质素表面层，增强了硅藻土的晶体尺寸和晶体结构，特别是通过FTIR和XRD显示。研究局限/启示化学和物理处理已被确定为处理纤维表面最有效的方法。然而，在过去的几十年里，化学方法所需的大量液体和化学品以及它们在能量消耗方面的过高性能限制了它们的适用性。除了刺激生物聚合物的结构而不改变其整体聚合物特性外，使用适当的内聚力可以形成和建立等离子体表面处理，从而提供统一、可重复、经济高效且环保的替代品。作者相信，该技术将在未来被聚合物工业、航空航天、汽车等相关行业采用。
{"title":"The effect of cold glow discharge nitrogen plasma treatment of sisal fiber (Agave Sisalana) on sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composite","authors":"U. Gupta, S. Tiwari, U. Sharma","doi":"10.1108/prt-02-2023-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2023-0019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The incompatibility of natural fibers with polymer matrices is one of the key obstacles restricting their use in polymer composites. The interfacial connection between the fibers and the matrix was weak resulting in a lack of mechanical properties in the composites. Chemical treatments are often used to change the surface features of plant fibers, yet these treatments have significant drawbacks such as using substantial amounts of liquid and chemicals. Plasma modification has recently become very popular as a viable option as it is easy, dry, ecologically friendly, time-saving and reduces energy consumption. This paper aims to explore plasma treatment for improving the surface adhesion characteristics of sisal fibers (SFs) without compromising the mechanical attributes of the fiber.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A cold glow discharge plasma (CGDP) modification using N2 gas at varied power densities of 80 W and 120 W for 0.5 h was conducted to improve the surface morphology and interfacial compatibility of SF. The mechanical characteristics of unmodified and CGDP-modified SF-reinforced epoxy composite (SFREC) were examined as per the American Society for Testing and Materials standards.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The cold glow discharge nitrogen plasma treatment of SF at 120 W (30 min) enhanced the SFREC by nearly 122.75% superior interlaminar shear strength, 71.09% greater flexural strength, 84.22% higher tensile strength and 109.74% higher elongation. The combination of improved surface roughness and more effective lignocellulosic exposure has been responsible for the increase in the mechanical characteristics of treated composites. The development of hydrophobicity in the SF had been induced by CGDP N2 modification and enhanced the size of crystals and crystalline structure by removing some unwanted constituents of the SF and etching the smooth lignin-rich surface layer of the SF particularly revealed via FTIR and XRD.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000Chemical and physical treatments have been identified as the most efficient ways of treating the fiber surface. However, the huge amounts of liquids and chemicals needed in chemical methods and their exorbitant performance in terms of energy expenditure have limited their applicability in the past decades. The use of appropriate cohesion in addition to stimulating the biopolymer texture without changing its bulk polymer properties leads to the formation and establishment of plasma surface treatments that offer a unified, repeatable, cost-effective and environmentally benign replacement.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors are sure that this technology will be adopted by the polymer industry, aerospace, automotive and related sectors in the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81888331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-20DOI: 10.1108/prt-03-2023-0022
R. Amini, P. Kardar
Purpose This paper aims to achieve an anti-corrosive coating via uniform dispersion of nanoclay particles (montmorillonite) and polypyrrole (PPy) as a conductive polymer as well as their effects on the anti-corrosion features in the presence of the eco-friendly ionic liquids (ILs). Design/methodology/approach In this research, PPy with different forms of nanoclay were used. Moreover, ILs additive is used to enhance the better dispersion process of clay and PPy nanoparticles in the resin. Findings As a result, the IL additive in the formulation of nano-composite coatings greatly improves the dispersion process of clay and PPy nanoparticles in the resin. Due to its high compatibility with polyurethane resin and clay and PPy nanoparticles, this additive contains a high dispersing power to disperse the investigated nanoparticles in the resin matrix. Research limitations/implications High polarity of ILs as well as abilities to dissolve both mineral and organic materials, they can provide the better chemical processes compared to common solvents. Practical implications IL abilities have not been discovered to a large extent such as catalysts and detectors. Social implications ILs have been emerging as promising green solvents to replace conventional solvents in recent years. They possess unique properties such as nonvolatility, low toxicity, ease of handling, nonflammability and high ionic conductivity. Thus, they have received much attention as green media for various chemistry processes. Originality/value The simultaneous existence of clay, PPy and IL additive in the nano-composite coating formulation is responsible for the high corrosion resistance of the coating.
{"title":"Studying the properties of polypyrrole-montmorillonite polyacrylic-urethane nanocomposite coatings: the role of an eco-friendly ionic liquid","authors":"R. Amini, P. Kardar","doi":"10.1108/prt-03-2023-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-03-2023-0022","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to achieve an anti-corrosive coating via uniform dispersion of nanoclay particles (montmorillonite) and polypyrrole (PPy) as a conductive polymer as well as their effects on the anti-corrosion features in the presence of the eco-friendly ionic liquids (ILs).\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000In this research, PPy with different forms of nanoclay were used. Moreover, ILs additive is used to enhance the better dispersion process of clay and PPy nanoparticles in the resin.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000As a result, the IL additive in the formulation of nano-composite coatings greatly improves the dispersion process of clay and PPy nanoparticles in the resin. Due to its high compatibility with polyurethane resin and clay and PPy nanoparticles, this additive contains a high dispersing power to disperse the investigated nanoparticles in the resin matrix.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000High polarity of ILs as well as abilities to dissolve both mineral and organic materials, they can provide the better chemical processes compared to common solvents.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000IL abilities have not been discovered to a large extent such as catalysts and detectors.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000ILs have been emerging as promising green solvents to replace conventional solvents in recent years. They possess unique properties such as nonvolatility, low toxicity, ease of handling, nonflammability and high ionic conductivity. Thus, they have received much attention as green media for various chemistry processes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The simultaneous existence of clay, PPy and IL additive in the nano-composite coating formulation is responsible for the high corrosion resistance of the coating.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82725730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1108/prt-04-2023-0032
Z. A. Raza, Aisha Rehman, F. Anwar, Naseer Ahmad
Purpose This study aims to investigate the effect of the copresence of ferrous (Fe2+) ions and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the activity of an amylase enzyme during the desizing of greige viscose fabric for potential industrial applications. The removal of starches is an essential step before processing the fabric for dyeing and finishing operations. The authors tend to accomplish it in eco-friendly and sustainable ways. Design/methodology/approach The experiments were designed under the Taguchi approach, and the results were analyzed using grey relational analysis to optimize the process. The textile properties of absorbency, reducing sugars, bending length, weight loss, Tegawa rating and tensile strength were assessed using the standard protocols. The control and optimized viscose specimens were investigated for certain surface chemical properties using advanced analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Findings The results demonstrate that the Fe2+ concentration and process time were the main influencing factors in the amylolytic desizing of viscose fabric. The optimized process conditions were found to be 0.1 mm Fe2+ ions, 3 mm SDS, 80°C, 7 pH and 30 min process time. The copresence of Fe2+ ions and SDS promoted the biodesizing of viscose fabric. The SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XRD and TGA results demonstrated that the sizing agent has efficiently been removed from the fabric surface. Practical implications The amylase desizing of viscose fabric in the presence of certain metal ions and surfactants is a significant subject as the enzyme may face them due to their prevalence in the water systems. This could also support the biodesizing and bioscouring operations to be done in one bath, thus making the textile pretreatment process both economical and environmentally sustainable. Originality/value The authors found no report on the biodesizing of viscose fabric in the copresence of Fe2+ ions and the SDS surfactant under statistical multiresponse optimization. The biodesized viscose fabric has been investigated using both conventional and analytical approaches.
目的研究亚铁离子(Fe2+)和十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)的存在对灰质粘胶织物退浆过程中淀粉酶活性的影响，为工业应用提供参考。去除淀粉是织物染色和整理前的一个重要步骤。作者倾向于以环保和可持续的方式实现这一目标。设计/方法学/方法采用田口法设计实验，采用灰色关联分析法对实验结果进行分析，优化实验流程。采用标准方案评价了织物的吸湿性、还原糖、弯曲长度、失重、Tegawa额定值和抗拉强度等纺织性能。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、x射线衍射(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)等先进分析技术对对照和优化后的粘胶样品进行了表面化学性质的研究。结果表明，Fe2+浓度和工艺时间是影响粘胶织物淀粉解退浆的主要因素。最佳工艺条件为0.1 mm Fe2+离子、3 mm SDS、80℃、7 pH、30 min。Fe2+离子和SDS的存在促进了粘胶织物的生物退浆。SEM、傅里叶变换红外光谱、XRD和TGA分析结果表明，施胶剂被有效地从织物表面去除。实际意义在某些金属离子和表面活性剂存在的情况下，淀粉酶对粘胶织物进行退浆是一个重要的课题，因为酶可能面临它们，因为它们在水系统中普遍存在。这也可以支持生物退浆和生物洗涤操作在一个浴中完成，从而使纺织品预处理过程既经济又环保。原创性/价值在统计多响应优化下，作者未见Fe2+离子和SDS表面活性剂共同作用下粘胶织物生物退浆的报道。采用传统方法和分析方法对生物粘胶织物进行了研究。
{"title":"Multiresponse optimization in amylolytic desizing of viscose fabric in the copresence of ferrous ions and an anionic surfactant","authors":"Z. A. Raza, Aisha Rehman, F. Anwar, Naseer Ahmad","doi":"10.1108/prt-04-2023-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2023-0032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to investigate the effect of the copresence of ferrous (Fe2+) ions and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the activity of an amylase enzyme during the desizing of greige viscose fabric for potential industrial applications. The removal of starches is an essential step before processing the fabric for dyeing and finishing operations. The authors tend to accomplish it in eco-friendly and sustainable ways.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The experiments were designed under the Taguchi approach, and the results were analyzed using grey relational analysis to optimize the process. The textile properties of absorbency, reducing sugars, bending length, weight loss, Tegawa rating and tensile strength were assessed using the standard protocols. The control and optimized viscose specimens were investigated for certain surface chemical properties using advanced analytical techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA).\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results demonstrate that the Fe2+ concentration and process time were the main influencing factors in the amylolytic desizing of viscose fabric. The optimized process conditions were found to be 0.1 mm Fe2+ ions, 3 mm SDS, 80°C, 7 pH and 30 min process time. The copresence of Fe2+ ions and SDS promoted the biodesizing of viscose fabric. The SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, XRD and TGA results demonstrated that the sizing agent has efficiently been removed from the fabric surface.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The amylase desizing of viscose fabric in the presence of certain metal ions and surfactants is a significant subject as the enzyme may face them due to their prevalence in the water systems. This could also support the biodesizing and bioscouring operations to be done in one bath, thus making the textile pretreatment process both economical and environmentally sustainable.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The authors found no report on the biodesizing of viscose fabric in the copresence of Fe2+ ions and the SDS surfactant under statistical multiresponse optimization. The biodesized viscose fabric has been investigated using both conventional and analytical approaches.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86590411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1108/prt-04-2023-0035
Abdul Lateef, Z. A. Raza, M. Aslam, M. A. U. Rehman, Asma Iftikhar, A. Zahir
Purpose This study aims to fabricate multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-mediated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films using the solution casting approach. Design/methodology/approach The prepared films were evaluated for diverse structural, surface, optical and electrical attributes using advanced analytical techniques, i.e. electron microscopy for surface morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for tracing chemical functionalities, x-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystal patterns, water contact angle (WCA) analysis for surface wettability and UV visible spectroscopy for optical absorption parameters. The specimens were also investigated for certain rheological, mechanical and electrical properties, where applicable. Findings The surface morphology results expressed a better dispersion of MWCNTs in the resultant PVA-based nanocomposite film. The XRD analysis exhibited that the nanocomposite film was crystalline. The surface wettability analysis indicated that with the inclusion of MWCNTs, the WCA of the resultant nanocomposite film improved to 89.4° from 44° with the pristine PVA film. The MWCNTs (1.00%, w/w) incorporated PVA-based film exhibited a tensile strength of 54.0 MPa as compared to that of native PVA as 25.3 MPa film. There observed a decreased bandgap (from 5.25 to 5.14 eV) on incorporating the MWCNTs in the PVA-based nanocomposite film. Practical implications The MWCNTs’ inclusion in the PVA matrix could enhance the AC conductivity of the resultant nanocomposite film. The prepared nanocomposite film might be useful in designing certain optoelectronic devices. Originality/value The results demonstrated the successful MWCNTs mediation in the PVA-based composite films expressed good intercalation of the precursors; this resulted in decreased bandgap, usually, desirable for optoelectronic applications.
{"title":"Fabrication of CNTs-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite film with tailored structural, surface chemical and optical properties","authors":"Abdul Lateef, Z. A. Raza, M. Aslam, M. A. U. Rehman, Asma Iftikhar, A. Zahir","doi":"10.1108/prt-04-2023-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-04-2023-0035","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to fabricate multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-mediated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite films using the solution casting approach.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The prepared films were evaluated for diverse structural, surface, optical and electrical attributes using advanced analytical techniques, i.e. electron microscopy for surface morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for tracing chemical functionalities, x-ray diffraction (XRD) for crystal patterns, water contact angle (WCA) analysis for surface wettability and UV visible spectroscopy for optical absorption parameters. The specimens were also investigated for certain rheological, mechanical and electrical properties, where applicable.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The surface morphology results expressed a better dispersion of MWCNTs in the resultant PVA-based nanocomposite film. The XRD analysis exhibited that the nanocomposite film was crystalline. The surface wettability analysis indicated that with the inclusion of MWCNTs, the WCA of the resultant nanocomposite film improved to 89.4° from 44° with the pristine PVA film. The MWCNTs (1.00%, w/w) incorporated PVA-based film exhibited a tensile strength of 54.0 MPa as compared to that of native PVA as 25.3 MPa film. There observed a decreased bandgap (from 5.25 to 5.14 eV) on incorporating the MWCNTs in the PVA-based nanocomposite film.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The MWCNTs’ inclusion in the PVA matrix could enhance the AC conductivity of the resultant nanocomposite film. The prepared nanocomposite film might be useful in designing certain optoelectronic devices.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The results demonstrated the successful MWCNTs mediation in the PVA-based composite films expressed good intercalation of the precursors; this resulted in decreased bandgap, usually, desirable for optoelectronic applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81639605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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