Pub Date : 2023-03-07DOI: 10.1108/prt-10-2022-0112
А. Zaichuk, Аleksandra Amelina, Y. Hordieiev
Purpose The purpose of this study was to the low-temperature synthesis of cobalt-containing diopside pigments based on granulated blast furnace slag and to study the characteristics of the mineral formation processes, changes in the structure and colour indices. Design/methodology/approach Synthesis of cobalt-containing diopside pigments based was carried out by the directional formation of the mineralogical composition with the introduction of part of the components using granulated blast-furnace slag. Findings It has been established that the formation of the diopside phase in pigments containing blast-furnace slag as the main component proceeds at low temperatures (1,100°C–1,150 °C). The colour of diopside pigments is formed because of the isomorphic substitution of Si4+ ions for Al3+ ions and Mg2+ ions for Co2+ ions. It is expedient to add CoO in an amount of 0.9 mol (18 Wt.%) into the composition of diopside pigments based on blast-furnace slag to obtain defect-free violet glazes. Practical implications The developed diopside pigments enable obtaining of high-quality violet glazes for ceramics. The application of the obtained results can significantly reduce the consumption of traditional raw materials in the composition of silicate ceramic pigments, as well as reduce their firing temperature. Originality/value Calcium, magnesium and silicon oxides are the main components of blast-furnace slag. In addition, granulated blast furnace slag is mainly represented by the glassy phase, which determines its high activity during the firing process. These factors are prerequisites for using the blast-furnace slag as a valuable substitute for chemically pure or natural raw materials in silicate pigments and reducing their firing temperature.
{"title":"Cobalt-containing diopside pigments based on granulated blast furnace slag","authors":"А. Zaichuk, Аleksandra Amelina, Y. Hordieiev","doi":"10.1108/prt-10-2022-0112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2022-0112","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study was to the low-temperature synthesis of cobalt-containing diopside pigments based on granulated blast furnace slag and to study the characteristics of the mineral formation processes, changes in the structure and colour indices.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Synthesis of cobalt-containing diopside pigments based was carried out by the directional formation of the mineralogical composition with the introduction of part of the components using granulated blast-furnace slag.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000It has been established that the formation of the diopside phase in pigments containing blast-furnace slag as the main component proceeds at low temperatures (1,100°C–1,150 °C). The colour of diopside pigments is formed because of the isomorphic substitution of Si4+ ions for Al3+ ions and Mg2+ ions for Co2+ ions. It is expedient to add CoO in an amount of 0.9 mol (18 Wt.%) into the composition of diopside pigments based on blast-furnace slag to obtain defect-free violet glazes.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000The developed diopside pigments enable obtaining of high-quality violet glazes for ceramics. The application of the obtained results can significantly reduce the consumption of traditional raw materials in the composition of silicate ceramic pigments, as well as reduce their firing temperature.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Calcium, magnesium and silicon oxides are the main components of blast-furnace slag. In addition, granulated blast furnace slag is mainly represented by the glassy phase, which determines its high activity during the firing process. These factors are prerequisites for using the blast-furnace slag as a valuable substitute for chemically pure or natural raw materials in silicate pigments and reducing their firing temperature.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74308870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-02DOI: 10.1108/prt-11-2022-0132
Walid E. Elgammal, Essam M. Eliwa, Hosni A. Goomaa, M. Owda, H. Abd El‐Wahab
Purpose This paper aims to focus on the synthesis of the macrocyclic complexes (Cu and Zn) and their applications as anticorrosive materials in epoxy paint formulation for surface coating application. Design/methodology/approach A selected macrocyclic Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were prepared via template synthesis and characterized using Fourier transform infrared, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, flexibility, hardness and adhesion of coating films prepared using epoxy paint. Findings The corrosion resistance of the epoxy-painted films was improved due to the incorporation of the Zn and Cu complexes into the formulation. Originality/value It was found that the metal complex-based formulation with Cu(II) and Zn(II) had outperformed the sample blank.
{"title":"Anti-corrosive agents based benzil-thiocarbohydrazone macrocyclic ligand-derived Cu (II) and Zn (II) chelates: template synthesis and physically admixing with epoxy coating","authors":"Walid E. Elgammal, Essam M. Eliwa, Hosni A. Goomaa, M. Owda, H. Abd El‐Wahab","doi":"10.1108/prt-11-2022-0132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2022-0132","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to focus on the synthesis of the macrocyclic complexes (Cu and Zn) and their applications as anticorrosive materials in epoxy paint formulation for surface coating application.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A selected macrocyclic Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes were prepared via template synthesis and characterized using Fourier transform infrared, thermal gravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, flexibility, hardness and adhesion of coating films prepared using epoxy paint.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The corrosion resistance of the epoxy-painted films was improved due to the incorporation of the Zn and Cu complexes into the formulation.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000It was found that the metal complex-based formulation with Cu(II) and Zn(II) had outperformed the sample blank.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74348295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1108/prt-01-2022-0012
Yuzhen Zhao, M. Zhao, Huimin Zhang, Xiangrong Zhao, Yang Zhao, Zhun Guo, Jianjing Gao, Cheng Ma, Yongming Zhang
Purpose This paper aims to prepare third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) organic materials with large nonlinear optimization value, high damage threshold and ultrafast response time. Design/methodology/approach A series of novel symmetric and asymmetric compounds possessing third-order NLO properties were synthesized using 1,3,5-tribromobenzene as the basis. The photophysical and electrochemical properties, as well as the click reactions, were characterized by means of UV–VIS–NIR absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Findings The donor–acceptor chromophores were inserted into compound, making the molecule to have a broader absorption in the near-infrared regions and a narrower optical and electrochemical band gap. It also formed an electron-delocalized organic system, which has larger effects on achieving a third-order NLO response. The third-order NLO phenomenon of benzene ring complexes was experimentally studied at 532 nm using Z-scan technology, and some compounds showed the expected NLO properties. Originality/value The click products exhibit more NLO phenomena by performing different click combinations to the side groups, opening new perspectives on using the system in a variety of photoelectric applications.
{"title":"Nonlinear optical properties of symmetrical and asymmetrical benzene derivatives with click chemistry modification","authors":"Yuzhen Zhao, M. Zhao, Huimin Zhang, Xiangrong Zhao, Yang Zhao, Zhun Guo, Jianjing Gao, Cheng Ma, Yongming Zhang","doi":"10.1108/prt-01-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-01-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This paper aims to prepare third-order nonlinear optical (NLO) organic materials with large nonlinear optimization value, high damage threshold and ultrafast response time.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000A series of novel symmetric and asymmetric compounds possessing third-order NLO properties were synthesized using 1,3,5-tribromobenzene as the basis. The photophysical and electrochemical properties, as well as the click reactions, were characterized by means of UV–VIS–NIR absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The donor–acceptor chromophores were inserted into compound, making the molecule to have a broader absorption in the near-infrared regions and a narrower optical and electrochemical band gap. It also formed an electron-delocalized organic system, which has larger effects on achieving a third-order NLO response. The third-order NLO phenomenon of benzene ring complexes was experimentally studied at 532 nm using Z-scan technology, and some compounds showed the expected NLO properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The click products exhibit more NLO phenomena by performing different click combinations to the side groups, opening new perspectives on using the system in a variety of photoelectric applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76737078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.1108/prt-09-2022-0107
O. A. Elhefnawy, A. Elabd
Purpose The purpose of this study is to prepare a new adsorbent activated carbon immobilized on polystyrene (ACPS) for uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) removal from an aqueous solution. Activated carbon (AC) was derived from biochar material by chemical activation to increase the active sites on its surface and enhance the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon (AC) was immobilized on polystyrene (PS) to improve the physical properties and facilitate separation from the working solution. A feasibility study for the adsorption of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) on the new adsorbent (ACPS) has been achieved. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics models of the adsorption process were used to describe the reaction mechanism. Design/methodology/approach Activated carbon was synthesized from biochar charcoal by 2 M H2SO4. Activated carbon was immobilized on the pretreatment polystyrene by hydrothermal process forming new adsorbent (ACPS). Characterization studies were carried out by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Different factors affect the adsorption process as pH, contact time, solid/liquid ratio, initial concentration and temperature. The adsorption mechanism was explained according to kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic studies. Also, the regeneration of spent ACPS was studied. Findings The experimental results showed that pH and equilibrium time of the best adsorption were 6.0 and 60 min for U(VI), 4.0 and 90 min for Th(IV), (pHPZC = 3.4). The experimental results fit well with pseudo-second order, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models proving the chemisorption and heterogenous adsorption reaction. Adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the adsorption process is exothermic and has random nature of the solid/liquid interface. In addition, the regeneration of spent ACPS research showed that the adsorbent has good chemical stability. According to the comparative study, ACPS shows higher adsorption capacities of U(VI) and Th(IV) than other previous bio-adsorbents. Originality/value This study was conducted to improve the chemical and physical properties of bio-charcoal purchased from the local market to activated carbon by hydrothermal method. Activated carbon was immobilized on polystyrene forming new adsorbent ACPS for eliminating U(VI) and Th(IV) from aqueous solutions.
目的制备一种新型聚苯乙烯固定化活性炭(ACPS)，用于去除水中的铀(ⅵ)和钍(ⅳ)。活性炭是以生物炭为原料，经化学活化制备而成，以增加其表面活性位点，提高吸附能力。将活性炭(AC)固定在聚苯乙烯(PS)上，以改善活性炭的物理性能并促进其与工作溶液的分离。对新型吸附剂ACPS吸附铀(ⅵ)和钍(ⅳ)的可行性进行了研究。采用吸附动力学、等温线和热力学模型描述了反应机理。设计/方法/途径以生物炭为原料，以2 M H2SO4为溶剂合成活性炭。采用水热法将活性炭固定在预处理聚苯乙烯上，形成新的吸附剂(ACPS)。采用扫描电镜、能量色散x射线能谱仪、红外光谱和x射线衍射技术对其进行了表征。pH、接触时间、料液比、初始浓度和温度等因素对吸附过程有影响。从动力学、等温和热力学三个方面解释了吸附机理。并对废ACPS的再生进行了研究。结果表明，在pHPZC = 3.4时，U(VI)的吸附pH值为6.0 min，吸附平衡时间为60 min, Th(IV)的吸附平衡时间为4.0 min，吸附平衡时间为90 min。实验结果符合拟二级、Freundlich和Dubinin-Radushkevich模型，证明了化学吸附和非均相吸附反应的存在。吸附热力学表明，吸附过程是放热的，具有固/液界面的随机性质。此外，对废ACPS的再生研究表明，该吸附剂具有良好的化学稳定性。对比研究表明，ACPS对U(VI)和Th(IV)的吸附能力高于其他生物吸附剂。原创性/价值本研究通过水热法对从当地市场购买的生物炭进行化学和物理性能的改善，使其成为活性炭。将活性炭固定在聚苯乙烯上，形成吸附水中U(VI)和Th(IV)的新型吸附剂ACPS。
{"title":"Highly efficient elimination of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) from aqueous solution using activated carbon immobilized on polystyrene","authors":"O. A. Elhefnawy, A. Elabd","doi":"10.1108/prt-09-2022-0107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-09-2022-0107","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to prepare a new adsorbent activated carbon immobilized on polystyrene (ACPS) for uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) removal from an aqueous solution. Activated carbon (AC) was derived from biochar material by chemical activation to increase the active sites on its surface and enhance the adsorption capacity. Activated carbon (AC) was immobilized on polystyrene (PS) to improve the physical properties and facilitate separation from the working solution. A feasibility study for the adsorption of uranium (VI) and thorium (IV) on the new adsorbent (ACPS) has been achieved. Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics models of the adsorption process were used to describe the reaction mechanism.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Activated carbon was synthesized from biochar charcoal by 2 M H2SO4. Activated carbon was immobilized on the pretreatment polystyrene by hydrothermal process forming new adsorbent (ACPS). Characterization studies were carried out by scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer, infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques. Different factors affect the adsorption process as pH, contact time, solid/liquid ratio, initial concentration and temperature. The adsorption mechanism was explained according to kinetic, isothermal and thermodynamic studies. Also, the regeneration of spent ACPS was studied.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The experimental results showed that pH and equilibrium time of the best adsorption were 6.0 and 60 min for U(VI), 4.0 and 90 min for Th(IV), (pHPZC = 3.4). The experimental results fit well with pseudo-second order, Freundlich and Dubinin–Radushkevich models proving the chemisorption and heterogenous adsorption reaction. Adsorption thermodynamics demonstrated that the adsorption process is exothermic and has random nature of the solid/liquid interface. In addition, the regeneration of spent ACPS research showed that the adsorbent has good chemical stability. According to the comparative study, ACPS shows higher adsorption capacities of U(VI) and Th(IV) than other previous bio-adsorbents.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This study was conducted to improve the chemical and physical properties of bio-charcoal purchased from the local market to activated carbon by hydrothermal method. Activated carbon was immobilized on polystyrene forming new adsorbent ACPS for eliminating U(VI) and Th(IV) from aqueous solutions.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85509081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-28DOI: 10.1108/prt-10-2022-0127
R. Singh Sidhu, Gurmeet Singh, H.P.S. Gill
Purpose This empirical study aims to investigate the erosion wear performance of two different 3D-printed materials (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [ABS] and polylactic acid [PLA]) with various micro textures. The two different textures (prism and square) were created over the surfaces of both materials by using the 3D-printed technique. Design/methodology/approach The erosion experiments on both materials were performed by using Ducom Erosion Jet Tester. Erosion tests were performed at four different impacting velocities (15, 30, 45 and 60 m/s) with the four different particle sizes (17, 39, 63 97 µm) at the impact angles (30°–90°) for the time duration of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. The two different textures prism and cone were used for performing the erosion experiments. Taguchi’s orthogonal L16 (mixed level) was used to reduce the number of experiments and to determine the impact of these parameters on erosion wear performance of both 3D-printed materials. Findings The PLA with cone texture was found to be best (against erosion) than the ABS cone and prism textures due to their high hardness (68 HV). Also, the average signal to noise (S/N) ratio for PLA and ABS was measured as 56.4 and 44.4 dB, respectively. As the value of the S/N ratio is inversely proportional to the erosion rate, the PLA has the least erosion rate as compared to the ABS. The sequence of erosion wear influencing parameters for both materials was in the following order: velocity > erodent size > texture > impact angle > time interval. Originality/value Both PLA and ABS with different micro textures for erosion testing were studied with Taguchi’s optimization method, and the erosion mechanisms are well analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and Image J techniques.
{"title":"Evaluation of the anti-erosion performance of PLA and ABS materials with two different micro textures","authors":"R. Singh Sidhu, Gurmeet Singh, H.P.S. Gill","doi":"10.1108/prt-10-2022-0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-10-2022-0127","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This empirical study aims to investigate the erosion wear performance of two different 3D-printed materials (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [ABS] and polylactic acid [PLA]) with various micro textures. The two different textures (prism and square) were created over the surfaces of both materials by using the 3D-printed technique.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The erosion experiments on both materials were performed by using Ducom Erosion Jet Tester. Erosion tests were performed at four different impacting velocities (15, 30, 45 and 60 m/s) with the four different particle sizes (17, 39, 63 97 µm) at the impact angles (30°–90°) for the time duration of 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. The two different textures prism and cone were used for performing the erosion experiments. Taguchi’s orthogonal L16 (mixed level) was used to reduce the number of experiments and to determine the impact of these parameters on erosion wear performance of both 3D-printed materials.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The PLA with cone texture was found to be best (against erosion) than the ABS cone and prism textures due to their high hardness (68 HV). Also, the average signal to noise (S/N) ratio for PLA and ABS was measured as 56.4 and 44.4 dB, respectively. As the value of the S/N ratio is inversely proportional to the erosion rate, the PLA has the least erosion rate as compared to the ABS. The sequence of erosion wear influencing parameters for both materials was in the following order: velocity > erodent size > texture > impact angle > time interval.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000Both PLA and ABS with different micro textures for erosion testing were studied with Taguchi’s optimization method, and the erosion mechanisms are well analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and Image J techniques.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87076486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-27DOI: 10.1108/prt-12-2022-0141
Ali A. Ali, H. Abd El-Wahab, Moustafa S. Abusaif, A. Ragab, Omar A. Abdel-Jaid, E. Eldeeb, Y. Ammar
Purpose The paper aims to the preparation of novel disperse dye based on azo salicylaldehyde derivatives TF-A [2-hydroxy-5-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)diazenyl)benzaldehyde] and full evaluation of their use as disperse dye TF-ASC [bis 2-hydroxy-5-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)diazenyl)benzaldehyde Schiff base with 4,4'-methylenedianiline] for dyeing polyester fabric at various conditions. Design/methodology/approach The dispersed dye was synthesized via Schiff base condensation in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate cerium ammonium nitrate 10 mmole% as an eco-friendly catalyst at room temperature. The chemical structure of the prepared dye was characterized via elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H- and 13 C-NMR spectroscopic analysis tools. This study thoroughly examined the dyeing of disperse dye TF-ASC on polyester at various conditions. The characteristics of dyed polyester fabric were measured by colour measurements, as well as light, washing, crock fastness and finally, colour strength. The discrete fourier transform (DFT) theoretical studies, including EHOMO, ELUMO and optimized geometrical structure, were assumed and discussed in detail. Findings The results showed that the synthesized organic dye TF-ASC was highly functional and appropriate for this kind of dyeing method. The dyeing fabrics obtained from disperse dye TF-ASC, properties possess high colour strength as well as good overall fastness properties. These dyes had a high affinity for polyester fabric, with just a tiny change in dye affinity when the pH was changed, even under alkaline circumstances. The dye levelness and shade depth of the colour results were good, and there were a variety of hues from light brownish yellow to deep brownish yellow. The results obtained from DFT computational studies such as EHOMO, ELUMO, optimized structure, diploe moment µ and electrophilicity index deduced that prepared organic dye TF-ASC is more applicable as a dispersed dye. Originality/value This research is significant because it provides a new dye for dyeing polyethylene terephthalate fibres with exceptional brightness and levelness; the method of preparation is a useful pathway due to its being known as a green chemistry method.
{"title":"Design, characterization, theoretical studies, and dyeing properties of new novel diazo salicylaldehyde Schiff base catalyzed with ceric (IV) ammonium nitrate (CAN) as an eco-friendly catalyst","authors":"Ali A. Ali, H. Abd El-Wahab, Moustafa S. Abusaif, A. Ragab, Omar A. Abdel-Jaid, E. Eldeeb, Y. Ammar","doi":"10.1108/prt-12-2022-0141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-12-2022-0141","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The paper aims to the preparation of novel disperse dye based on azo salicylaldehyde derivatives TF-A [2-hydroxy-5-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)diazenyl)benzaldehyde] and full evaluation of their use as disperse dye TF-ASC [bis 2-hydroxy-5-((3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)diazenyl)benzaldehyde Schiff base with 4,4'-methylenedianiline] for dyeing polyester fabric at various conditions.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The dispersed dye was synthesized via Schiff base condensation in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate cerium ammonium nitrate 10 mmole% as an eco-friendly catalyst at room temperature. The chemical structure of the prepared dye was characterized via elemental analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H- and 13 C-NMR spectroscopic analysis tools. This study thoroughly examined the dyeing of disperse dye TF-ASC on polyester at various conditions. The characteristics of dyed polyester fabric were measured by colour measurements, as well as light, washing, crock fastness and finally, colour strength. The discrete fourier transform (DFT) theoretical studies, including EHOMO, ELUMO and optimized geometrical structure, were assumed and discussed in detail.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The results showed that the synthesized organic dye TF-ASC was highly functional and appropriate for this kind of dyeing method. The dyeing fabrics obtained from disperse dye TF-ASC, properties possess high colour strength as well as good overall fastness properties. These dyes had a high affinity for polyester fabric, with just a tiny change in dye affinity when the pH was changed, even under alkaline circumstances. The dye levelness and shade depth of the colour results were good, and there were a variety of hues from light brownish yellow to deep brownish yellow. The results obtained from DFT computational studies such as EHOMO, ELUMO, optimized structure, diploe moment µ and electrophilicity index deduced that prepared organic dye TF-ASC is more applicable as a dispersed dye.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000This research is significant because it provides a new dye for dyeing polyethylene terephthalate fibres with exceptional brightness and levelness; the method of preparation is a useful pathway due to its being known as a green chemistry method.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77527264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-17DOI: 10.1108/prt-02-2022-0016
K. Mostafa, M. Ramadan, A. El‐Sanabary
Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the authors' previously prepared and fully characterized poly (methacrylamide)-chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) graft copolymer having 50.2% graft yield with respect to flocculation efficiency for ferric laurate aqueous dispersions. This was done to compare the ability of the latter cheap, biodegradable and ecofriendly hybrid natural-synthetic polymeric substrate as a flocculant in comparison with higher cost, nonbiodegradable and harmful polyacrylamide as a well-known synthetic flocculant counterpart. Design/methodology/approach The graft copolymerization process was carried out at 450°Cfor 120 min using (1.0 g) CNPs, methacrylamide (1.5 g), 100 mmol/l potassium chromate and 80 mmol/l mandelic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis and specific viscosity were used to characterize and analyze the resultant copolymer. The flocculation efficiency was conferred in terms of transmittance % and weight removal %. The main factors influencing the flocculation process, such as flocculent dose, flocculation medium pH, stirring speed, flocculation temperature and grafting extent, were comprehensively discussed. Findings The flocculation efficiency of the prepared copolymers revealed the following findings: increased by increasing the flocculant dose, pH, temperature and stirring speed to a maximum values denoted at 30 ppm, 6.0, 30°C and 50 r/min, respectively, then decreased thereafter; increased by increasing the extent of grafting within the range studied; showed a comparable flocculation efficiency in comparison with polyacrylamide as a synthetic polymeric flocculent; and, finally, a preliminary bridging mechanism representing the attraction between the anionic suspended particles ferric laurate and cationic poly (MAam)-CNPs graft copolymer has been projected. Originality/value The advancement addressed here is undertaken with using the authors’ poly (MAam)-CNPs graft copolymers having different extent of grafting (a point which is not cited in the literature especially for the authors’ prepared copolymer) as a hybrid natural-synthetic polymeric substrate as a flocculant for ferric laurate aqueous dispersions in comparison with the high cost and nondegradable polyacrylamide synthetic flocculant.
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization and flocculation efficiency of unique hybrid natural-synthetic smart flocculants based on poly (MAam)-chitosan nanoparticles graft copolymers","authors":"K. Mostafa, M. Ramadan, A. El‐Sanabary","doi":"10.1108/prt-02-2022-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-02-2022-0016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to investigate the authors' previously prepared and fully characterized poly (methacrylamide)-chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) graft copolymer having 50.2% graft yield with respect to flocculation efficiency for ferric laurate aqueous dispersions. This was done to compare the ability of the latter cheap, biodegradable and ecofriendly hybrid natural-synthetic polymeric substrate as a flocculant in comparison with higher cost, nonbiodegradable and harmful polyacrylamide as a well-known synthetic flocculant counterpart.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The graft copolymerization process was carried out at 450°Cfor 120 min using (1.0 g) CNPs, methacrylamide (1.5 g), 100 mmol/l potassium chromate and 80 mmol/l mandelic acid. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, elemental analysis and specific viscosity were used to characterize and analyze the resultant copolymer. The flocculation efficiency was conferred in terms of transmittance % and weight removal %. The main factors influencing the flocculation process, such as flocculent dose, flocculation medium pH, stirring speed, flocculation temperature and grafting extent, were comprehensively discussed.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The flocculation efficiency of the prepared copolymers revealed the following findings: increased by increasing the flocculant dose, pH, temperature and stirring speed to a maximum values denoted at 30 ppm, 6.0, 30°C and 50 r/min, respectively, then decreased thereafter; increased by increasing the extent of grafting within the range studied; showed a comparable flocculation efficiency in comparison with polyacrylamide as a synthetic polymeric flocculent; and, finally, a preliminary bridging mechanism representing the attraction between the anionic suspended particles ferric laurate and cationic poly (MAam)-CNPs graft copolymer has been projected.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The advancement addressed here is undertaken with using the authors’ poly (MAam)-CNPs graft copolymers having different extent of grafting (a point which is not cited in the literature especially for the authors’ prepared copolymer) as a hybrid natural-synthetic polymeric substrate as a flocculant for ferric laurate aqueous dispersions in comparison with the high cost and nondegradable polyacrylamide synthetic flocculant.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86479194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-13DOI: 10.1108/prt-07-2022-0092
I. A. Wonnie Ma, G. Ong, Ammar Shafaamri, Julie Nabilah Jamalludin, Nina Nazirah Ishun, Ramesh Kasi, R. Subramaniam
Purpose This study aims to fabricate the acrylic-based polymeric composite coating with a hydrophobic surface associated with natural oil polyol (NOP) and polydimethylsiloxane with the incorporation of 3 Wt.% SiO2 nanoparticle (SiO2np) against the corrosive NaCl media. Design/methodology/approach The structural properties of the formulated polymeric composite coatings were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, water contact angle (WCA) and cross-hatch (X-Hatch) tests. The WCA measurement was used to study the surface wettability of the formulated polymeric composite coatings. The corrosion protection performance of the nanocomposite coated on the mild steel substrate was studied by immersing the samples in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution for 30 days using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Findings The enhanced polymeric composite coating system performed with an excellent increase in the WCA up to 111.1° which is good hydrophobic nature and very high coating resistance in the range of 1010 Ω attributed to the superiority of SiO2np. Originality/value The incorporation of SiO2np into the polymeric coating could enhance the surface roughness and hydrophobic properties that could increase corrosion protection. This approach is a novel attempt of using NOP along with the addition of SiO2np.
{"title":"Evaluation of natural oil polyol hydrophobic acrylic-based coating incorporated with SiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced corrosion protection","authors":"I. A. Wonnie Ma, G. Ong, Ammar Shafaamri, Julie Nabilah Jamalludin, Nina Nazirah Ishun, Ramesh Kasi, R. Subramaniam","doi":"10.1108/prt-07-2022-0092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2022-0092","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to fabricate the acrylic-based polymeric composite coating with a hydrophobic surface associated with natural oil polyol (NOP) and polydimethylsiloxane with the incorporation of 3 Wt.% SiO2 nanoparticle (SiO2np) against the corrosive NaCl media.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000The structural properties of the formulated polymeric composite coatings were investigated by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, water contact angle (WCA) and cross-hatch (X-Hatch) tests. The WCA measurement was used to study the surface wettability of the formulated polymeric composite coatings. The corrosion protection performance of the nanocomposite coated on the mild steel substrate was studied by immersing the samples in 3.5 Wt.% NaCl solution for 30 days using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000The enhanced polymeric composite coating system performed with an excellent increase in the WCA up to 111.1° which is good hydrophobic nature and very high coating resistance in the range of 1010 Ω attributed to the superiority of SiO2np.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The incorporation of SiO2np into the polymeric coating could enhance the surface roughness and hydrophobic properties that could increase corrosion protection. This approach is a novel attempt of using NOP along with the addition of SiO2np.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76364422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-07DOI: 10.1108/prt-11-2022-0140
Selinay Gumus, Kaan Aksoy, Ayse Aytac
Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of nano or inorganic fillers on unsaturated polyester’s (UPE) thermal, mechanical, and physical properties. UPE reinforced with nanoparticles shows better properties than the pure polymer itself. Nano or inorganic fillers are used in the polymeric matrix to improve thermal, mechanical and physical properties. Design/methodology/approach To improve thermal, mechanical and physical properties, UPE resin was modified with silica (S), boron nitride (BN) and S/BN hybrid nanoparticles at different ratios. Viscosity and solids content measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal conductivity coefficient tests were performed on the samples. Findings In the SEM analysis, the UPE sample showed a smooth appearance, while all samples containing additives showed phase separation and overall heterogeneous distribution. TGA results demonstrated that the thermal stability of the resin increased in the presence of S and BN additives. According to the results, it was observed that the presence of S and BN additives in the UPE resin and the use of certain ratios improved the resin properties. Originality/value As a result of the literature search, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study was found in which BN nanoparticles were included in the UPE resin together with S.
{"title":"Modification to unsaturated polyester resin with silica and silica/boron nitride mixture nanoparticles","authors":"Selinay Gumus, Kaan Aksoy, Ayse Aytac","doi":"10.1108/prt-11-2022-0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-11-2022-0140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000This study aims to investigate the effects of nano or inorganic fillers on unsaturated polyester’s (UPE) thermal, mechanical, and physical properties. UPE reinforced with nanoparticles shows better properties than the pure polymer itself. Nano or inorganic fillers are used in the polymeric matrix to improve thermal, mechanical and physical properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000To improve thermal, mechanical and physical properties, UPE resin was modified with silica (S), boron nitride (BN) and S/BN hybrid nanoparticles at different ratios. Viscosity and solids content measurement, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurement, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and thermal conductivity coefficient tests were performed on the samples.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000In the SEM analysis, the UPE sample showed a smooth appearance, while all samples containing additives showed phase separation and overall heterogeneous distribution. TGA results demonstrated that the thermal stability of the resin increased in the presence of S and BN additives. According to the results, it was observed that the presence of S and BN additives in the UPE resin and the use of certain ratios improved the resin properties.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000As a result of the literature search, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no study was found in which BN nanoparticles were included in the UPE resin together with S.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81722578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1108/prt-07-2022-0093
P. S. Vankar, Archana Gangwar
Purpose The purpose of this study is to check the effectivity of plasma in the natural dyeing of polyester fabric using four natural dyes – Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu using plasma and alum mordant. The surface modification on the polyester fabric by plasma along with the use of benign mordant alum is studied. The enhancement of dyeability in polyester fabric with natural dyes is the main focus. Due to surface modification, the wettability increases, which leads to better dye uptake. Better dye uptake and better dye adherence are the main objectives. Design/methodology/approach Plasma-mediated natural dyeing is the main design of this research work. The effect of plasma treatment on surface modification of synthetic fabric polyester and its subsequent effects on their dyeing with different natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu are studied. The dyeability was further enhanced by the use of alum as mordant. The main focus is on the betterment of natural dyeing of polyester fabric using sustainable natural dyes resources for dyeing and to reduce wastewater contamination from the usage of toxic additive chemicals for cleaner production. Findings Plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted dyeing method facilitated very good dyeability of all the four natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu. Color strength (K/S) values and fastness properties of plasma-treated samples were far better than untreated samples. The synergistic effect of plasma and alum mordanting has made natural dyeing of polyester very easy with very good fastness results. Natural dyeing of polyester after 2 min of plasma treatment showed excellent and desirable results. The process is also easy to be adapted by industries. Research limitations/implications As polyester is hydrophobic, natural dyeing of polyester fabric is not very easy, but with plasma-mediated natural dyeing, it becomes a very facile dyeing method; thus, there are no limitations. Use of plasma has reduced the need for any chemical additives which are usually added during the dyeing process. Practical implications This process of natural dyeing of polyester fabric can be scaled up to industrial dyeing with natural dyes. Plasma pretreatment of the fabric followed by premordanting with alum has facilitated the natural dyeing well. Social implications Use of plasma in place of chemical modifiers can be a green and environmentally friendly approach for sustainable coloration of polyester fabric, providing a clean wet processing for textiles dyeing. Originality/value The synergistic effect of plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted natural dyeing of polyester has not been attempted by any researcher. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is for the first time that pretreatment with atmospheric plasma followed by alum mordanting of polyester fabric has shown very good dye uptake and fastness properties as the dye molecules could penetrate well after 2 min of the plasma
{"title":"Natural dyeing mediated by atmospheric air pressure plasma treatment of polyester","authors":"P. S. Vankar, Archana Gangwar","doi":"10.1108/prt-07-2022-0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/prt-07-2022-0093","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Purpose\u0000The purpose of this study is to check the effectivity of plasma in the natural dyeing of polyester fabric using four natural dyes – Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu using plasma and alum mordant. The surface modification on the polyester fabric by plasma along with the use of benign mordant alum is studied. The enhancement of dyeability in polyester fabric with natural dyes is the main focus. Due to surface modification, the wettability increases, which leads to better dye uptake. Better dye uptake and better dye adherence are the main objectives.\u0000\u0000\u0000Design/methodology/approach\u0000Plasma-mediated natural dyeing is the main design of this research work. The effect of plasma treatment on surface modification of synthetic fabric polyester and its subsequent effects on their dyeing with different natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu are studied. The dyeability was further enhanced by the use of alum as mordant. The main focus is on the betterment of natural dyeing of polyester fabric using sustainable natural dyes resources for dyeing and to reduce wastewater contamination from the usage of toxic additive chemicals for cleaner production.\u0000\u0000\u0000Findings\u0000Plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted dyeing method facilitated very good dyeability of all the four natural dyes, namely, Turkey red, Lac, Turmeric and Catechu. Color strength (K/S) values and fastness properties of plasma-treated samples were far better than untreated samples. The synergistic effect of plasma and alum mordanting has made natural dyeing of polyester very easy with very good fastness results. Natural dyeing of polyester after 2 min of plasma treatment showed excellent and desirable results. The process is also easy to be adapted by industries.\u0000\u0000\u0000Research limitations/implications\u0000As polyester is hydrophobic, natural dyeing of polyester fabric is not very easy, but with plasma-mediated natural dyeing, it becomes a very facile dyeing method; thus, there are no limitations. Use of plasma has reduced the need for any chemical additives which are usually added during the dyeing process.\u0000\u0000\u0000Practical implications\u0000This process of natural dyeing of polyester fabric can be scaled up to industrial dyeing with natural dyes. Plasma pretreatment of the fabric followed by premordanting with alum has facilitated the natural dyeing well.\u0000\u0000\u0000Social implications\u0000Use of plasma in place of chemical modifiers can be a green and environmentally friendly approach for sustainable coloration of polyester fabric, providing a clean wet processing for textiles dyeing.\u0000\u0000\u0000Originality/value\u0000The synergistic effect of plasma-mediated and alum-mordanted natural dyeing of polyester has not been attempted by any researcher. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is for the first time that pretreatment with atmospheric plasma followed by alum mordanting of polyester fabric has shown very good dye uptake and fastness properties as the dye molecules could penetrate well after 2 min of the plasma","PeriodicalId":20147,"journal":{"name":"Pigment & Resin Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79139921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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