Plant Science最新文献_第2页

Carotenoids: resources, knowledge, and emerging tools to advance apocarotenoid research 类胡萝卜素：推动类胡萝卜素研究的资源、知识和新兴工具。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112298

Jesús Beltrán , Eleanore T. Wurtzel

Carotenoids are a large class of isoprenoid compounds which are biosynthesized by plants, algae, along with certain fungi, bacteria and insects. In plants, carotenoids provide crucial functions in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Furthermore, carotenoids also serve as precursors to apocarotenoids, which are derived through enzymatic and non-enzymatic cleavage reactions. Apocarotenoids encompass a diverse set of compounds, including hormones, growth regulators, and signaling molecules which play vital roles in pathways associated with plant development, stress responses, and plant-organismic interactions. Regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis indirectly influences the formation of apocarotenoids and bioactive effects on target pathways. Recent discovery of a plethora of new bioactive apocarotenoids across kingdoms has increased interest in expanding knowledge of the breadth of apocarotenoid function and regulation. In this review, we provide insights into the regulation of carotenogenesis, specifically linked to the biosynthesis of apocarotenoid precursors. We highlight plant studies, including useful heterologous platforms and synthetic biology tools, which hold great value in expanding discoveries, knowledge and application of bioactive apocarotenoids for crop improvement and human health. Moreover, we discuss how this field has recently flourished with the discovery of diverse functions of apocarotenoids, thereby prompting us to propose new directions for future research.

类胡萝卜素是一大类异戊烯化合物，由植物、藻类以及某些真菌、细菌和昆虫生物合成。在植物中，类胡萝卜素在光合作用和光保护中起着至关重要的作用。此外，类胡萝卜素还是类胡萝卜素的前体，类胡萝卜素是通过酶和非酶裂解反应生成的。类胡萝卜素包含多种化合物，包括激素、生长调节剂和信号分子，它们在与植物发育、胁迫反应和植物-有机体相互作用相关的途径中发挥着重要作用。类胡萝卜素生物合成的调节间接影响了类胡萝卜素的形成以及对目标途径的生物活性作用。最近发现的大量具有生物活性的新类胡萝卜素增加了人们对扩大类胡萝卜素功能和调控知识的兴趣。在本综述中，我们将深入探讨类胡萝卜素生成的调控，特别是与类胡萝卜素前体的生物合成有关的调控。我们重点介绍了植物研究，包括有用的异源平台和合成生物学工具，它们在扩大生物活性类胡萝卜素的发现、知识和应用以改善作物和人类健康方面具有重要价值。此外，我们还讨论了随着类胡萝卜素多种功能的发现，这一领域最近是如何蓬勃发展的，从而促使我们提出未来研究的新方向。

{"title":"Carotenoids: resources, knowledge, and emerging tools to advance apocarotenoid research","authors":"Jesús Beltrán , Eleanore T. Wurtzel","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112298","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112298","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carotenoids are a large class of isoprenoid compounds which are biosynthesized by plants, algae, along with certain fungi, bacteria and insects. In plants, carotenoids provide crucial functions in photosynthesis and photoprotection. Furthermore, carotenoids also serve as precursors to apocarotenoids, which are derived through enzymatic and non-enzymatic cleavage reactions. Apocarotenoids encompass a diverse set of compounds, including hormones, growth regulators, and signaling molecules which play vital roles in pathways associated with plant development, stress responses, and plant-organismic interactions. Regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis indirectly influences the formation of apocarotenoids and bioactive effects on target pathways. Recent discovery of a plethora of new bioactive apocarotenoids across kingdoms has increased interest in expanding knowledge of the breadth of apocarotenoid function and regulation. In this review, we provide insights into the regulation of carotenogenesis, specifically linked to the biosynthesis of apocarotenoid precursors. We highlight plant studies, including useful heterologous platforms and synthetic biology tools, which hold great value in expanding discoveries, knowledge and application of bioactive apocarotenoids for crop improvement and human health. Moreover, we discuss how this field has recently flourished with the discovery of diverse functions of apocarotenoids, thereby prompting us to propose new directions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive insights on association mapping in perennial fruit crops breeding – Its implications, current status and future perspectives 关于多年生水果作物育种中关联图谱的全面见解--其意义、现状和未来展望。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112281

Ashwini Zadokar , Parul Sharma , Rajnish Sharma

In order to provide food and nutritional security for the world's rapidly expanding population, fruit crop researchers have identified two critical priorities: increasing production and preserving fruit quality during the pre- and post-harvest periods. The genetic basis of these complex, commercially important fruit traits which are uniquely regulated by polygenes or multi-allelic genes that interact with one another and the environment can be analyzed with the aid of trait mapping tools. The most interesting trait mapping approach that offers the genetic level investigation for marker-trait associations (MTAs) for these complex fruit traits, without the development of mapping population, is association mapping. This approach was used during the genetic improvement program, emphasizing the obstacles (breeding strategies adopted, generation interval, and their genomic status) pertaining to perennial fruit crops. This method of studying population diversity and linkage disequilibrium in perennial fruit crops has been made possible by recent developments in genotyping, phenotyping, and statistical analysis. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of different trait mapping techniques, with a focus on association mapping (method, essential components, viability, constraints, and future perspective) and its advantages, disadvantages, and possibilities for breeding perennial fruit crops.

为了给全球迅速增长的人口提供粮食和营养保障，水果作物研究人员确定了两个关键的优先事项：提高产量和在采收前后保持水果品质。这些复杂的、具有重要商业价值的水果性状受多基因或多等位基因的独特调控，这些基因之间以及与环境之间存在相互作用，借助性状图谱工具可以对这些性状的遗传基础进行分析。最有趣的性状图谱绘制方法是关联图谱绘制，这种方法可在遗传水平上研究这些复杂水果性状的标记-性状关联（MTAs），而无需发展图谱群体。在遗传改良计划中使用了这种方法，强调了与多年生水果作物有关的障碍（采用的育种策略、世代间隔及其基因组状态）。基因分型、表型分析和统计分析的最新发展使这种研究多年生水果作物群体多样性和连锁不平衡的方法成为可能。因此，本综述旨在概述不同的性状制图技术，重点是关联制图（方法、基本要素、可行性、制约因素和未来展望）及其优缺点和在多年生水果作物育种方面的可能性。

{"title":"Comprehensive insights on association mapping in perennial fruit crops breeding – Its implications, current status and future perspectives","authors":"Ashwini Zadokar , Parul Sharma , Rajnish Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to provide food and nutritional security for the world's rapidly expanding population, fruit crop researchers have identified two critical priorities: increasing production and preserving fruit quality during the pre- and post-harvest periods. The genetic basis of these complex, commercially important fruit traits which are uniquely regulated by polygenes or multi-allelic genes that interact with one another and the environment can be analyzed with the aid of trait mapping tools. The most interesting trait mapping approach that offers the genetic level investigation for marker-trait associations (MTAs) for these complex fruit traits, without the development of mapping population, is association mapping. This approach was used during the genetic improvement program, emphasizing the obstacles (breeding strategies adopted, generation interval, and their genomic status) pertaining to perennial fruit crops. This method of studying population diversity and linkage disequilibrium in perennial fruit crops has been made possible by recent developments in genotyping, phenotyping, and statistical analysis. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide an overview of different trait mapping techniques, with a focus on association mapping (method, essential components, viability, constraints, and future perspective) and its advantages, disadvantages, and possibilities for breeding perennial fruit crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of efficient and scalable regeneration tissue culture method for Cannabis sativa 开发高效、可扩展的大麻再生组织培养方法。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112296

Aleksei Sorokin, Igor Kovalchuk

Large scale production of uniform disease-free plants is crucial for Cannabis sativa biotechnology. Existing micropropagation protocols rely heavily on shoot multiplication from existing meristems via direct organogenesis. Such protocols do not allow multiplication of plant material through continuous sub-culturing. Protocols that use indirect regeneration are usually not efficient enough and have very low multiplication rates. In the present study, an efficient protocol that uses a combination of direct organogenesis and callogenesis to induce multiple shoot development cultures is developed. Callogenesis was induced from various explants cultured on the media having various combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); best callogenesis and shoot regeneration was achieved from hypocotyl explants cultured on TDZ 0.4 mg l⁻¹ NAA 0.2 mg l⁻¹. Hypocotyls with cotyledonary node and shoot apical meristem were significantly better for shoot regeneration than explants without it. Shoots obtained from multiple shoot cultures were successfully rooted and then acclimatized under greenhouse conditions to develop into adult cannabis plants.

大规模生产统一的无病植株对大麻生物技术至关重要。现有的微繁殖方案在很大程度上依赖于通过直接器官发生从现有的分生组织中进行芽繁殖。这些方案不允许通过连续的亚培养来繁殖植物材料。使用间接再生的方案通常效率不高，繁殖率很低。本研究开发了一种有效的方案，结合使用直接器官发生和胼胝发生来诱导多芽发育培养。在噻虫隆（TDZ）和萘乙酸（NAA）不同组合的培养基上培养的各种外植体都诱导了胼胝发生；在 TDZ 0.4mgl-1 NAA 0.2mgl-1 培养基上培养的下胚轴外植体获得了最佳的胼胝发生和芽再生效果。有子叶节和嫩枝顶端分生组织的下胚轴的嫩枝再生能力明显优于没有子叶节和嫩枝顶端分生组织的下胚轴外植体。多芽培养获得的嫩枝可成功生根，然后在温室条件下适应环境，发育成成年大麻植株。

{"title":"Development of efficient and scalable regeneration tissue culture method for Cannabis sativa","authors":"Aleksei Sorokin, Igor Kovalchuk","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112296","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112296","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large scale production of uniform disease-free plants is crucial for <em>Cannabis sativa</em> biotechnology. Existing micropropagation protocols rely heavily on shoot multiplication from existing meristems via direct organogenesis. Such protocols do not allow multiplication of plant material through continuous sub-culturing. Protocols that use indirect regeneration are usually not efficient enough and have very low multiplication rates. In the present study, an efficient protocol that uses a combination of direct organogenesis and callogenesis to induce multiple shoot development cultures is developed. Callogenesis was induced from various explants cultured on the media having various combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); best callogenesis and shoot regeneration was achieved from hypocotyl explants cultured on TDZ 0.4 mg l<sup>−1</sup> NAA 0.2 mg l<sup>−1</sup>. Hypocotyls with cotyledonary node and shoot apical meristem were significantly better for shoot regeneration than explants without it. Shoots obtained from multiple shoot cultures were successfully rooted and then acclimatized under greenhouse conditions to develop into adult cannabis plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Measuring CO2 assimilation of Arabidopsis thaliana whole plants and seedlings 测量拟南芥全株和幼苗的二氧化碳同化能力

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112295

Ailbhe J. Brazel , Niranjana S. Manoj , Franziska Turck , Diarmuid S. Ó’Maoiléidigh

Photosynthesis is an essential process in plants that synthesizes sugars used for growth and development, highlighting the importance of establishing robust methods to monitor photosynthetic activity. Infrared gas analysis (IRGA) can be used to track photosynthetic rates by measuring plant CO₂ assimilation and release. Although much progress has been made in the development of IRGA technologies, challenges remain when using this technique on small herbaceous plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. The use of whole plant chambers can overcome the difficulties associated with applying bulky leaf clamps to small delicate leaves. However, respiration from the roots and from soil-based microorganisms may skew these gas exchange measurements. Here, we present a simple method to efficiently perform IRGA on A. thaliana plants using a whole plant chamber that removes the confounding effects of respiration from roots and soil-based microorganisms from the measurements. We show that this method can be used to detect subtle changes in photosynthetic rates measured at different times of day, under different growth conditions, and between wild-type and plants with deficiencies in the photosynthetic machinery. Furthermore, we show that this method can be used to detect changes in photosynthetic rates even at very young developmental stages such as 10 d-old seedlings. This method contributes to the array of techniques currently used to perform IRGA on A. thaliana and can allow for the monitoring of photosynthetic rates of whole plants from young ages.

光合作用是植物合成生长和发育所需糖的重要过程，因此建立健全的光合作用监测方法非常重要。红外气体分析（IRGA）可通过测量植物的二氧化碳同化和释放来跟踪光合速率。虽然红外气体分析技术的开发取得了很大进展，但在拟南芥等小型草本植物上使用该技术时仍面临挑战。使用整株植物室可以克服在小巧精致的叶片上使用笨重的叶夹所带来的困难。然而，来自根部和土壤微生物的呼吸作用可能会影响这些气体交换测量结果。在这里，我们介绍了一种使用全植物室对大连茎叶植物有效进行 IRGA 的简单方法，这种方法可以消除根部呼吸和土壤微生物对测量结果的干扰。我们的研究表明，这种方法可用于检测一天中不同时间、不同生长条件下光合速率的微妙变化，以及野生型植物和光合机械缺陷植物之间的光合速率变化。此外，我们还展示了这种方法甚至可用于检测幼苗（如 10 d 大的幼苗）发育阶段光合速率的变化。这种方法为目前用于对三叶草进行 IRGA 的一系列技术做出了贡献，并可用于监测幼苗时期整株植物的光合速率。

{"title":"Measuring CO2 assimilation of Arabidopsis thaliana whole plants and seedlings","authors":"Ailbhe J. Brazel , Niranjana S. Manoj , Franziska Turck , Diarmuid S. Ó’Maoiléidigh","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photosynthesis is an essential process in plants that synthesizes sugars used for growth and development, highlighting the importance of establishing robust methods to monitor photosynthetic activity. Infrared gas analysis (IRGA) can be used to track photosynthetic rates by measuring plant CO<sub>2</sub> assimilation and release. Although much progress has been made in the development of IRGA technologies, challenges remain when using this technique on small herbaceous plants such as <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>. The use of whole plant chambers can overcome the difficulties associated with applying bulky leaf clamps to small delicate leaves. However, respiration from the roots and from soil-based microorganisms may skew these gas exchange measurements. Here, we present a simple method to efficiently perform IRGA on <em>A. thaliana</em> plants using a whole plant chamber that removes the confounding effects of respiration from roots and soil-based microorganisms from the measurements. We show that this method can be used to detect subtle changes in photosynthetic rates measured at different times of day, under different growth conditions, and between wild-type and plants with deficiencies in the photosynthetic machinery. Furthermore, we show that this method can be used to detect changes in photosynthetic rates even at very young developmental stages such as 10 d-old seedlings. This method contributes to the array of techniques currently used to perform IRGA on <em>A. thaliana</em> and can allow for the monitoring of photosynthetic rates of whole plants from young ages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mediator subunit 17 regulates light and darkness responses in Arabidopsis plants 介体亚基 17 调节拟南芥植物的光照和黑暗反应。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112285

Marisol Giustozzi , Santiago Nicolás Freytes , María Lorena Falcone Ferreyra , Pablo Cerdán , Paula Casati

Mediator 17 (MED17) is part of the head of the Mediator complex, which regulates transcription initiation in different eukaryotic organisms, including plants. We have previously characterized MED17 roles in Arabidopsis plants exposed to UV-B radiation, revealing its involvement in various aspects of the DNA damage response after exposure. med17 mutant plants showed altered HY5 expression, which encodes a transcription factor with a central role in photomorphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that med17 mutants show altered photomorphogenic responses and also to darkness, when compared to WT plants, and these differences could be due to altered expression of genes encoding key regulators of light and darkness signaling pathways, such as HY5, COP1 and PIF3. Moreover, med17 mutants exhibit transcriptome changes similar to those previously reported in plants exposed to red and blue light, as well as those previously described for photoreceptor mutants. Interestingly, med17 and hy5 mutants show a similar set of differentially expressed genes compared to WT plants, which suggests that both proteins may participate in a common light and dark-induced signaling pathways. Together, our data provides evidence that MED17 is an important regulator of the light and darkness responses in Arabidopsis.

介导因子 17（MED17）是介导因子复合体头部的一部分，它在包括植物在内的不同真核生物体中调节转录起始。我们以前研究了 MED17 在暴露于 UV-B 辐射的拟南芥植物中的作用，发现它参与了暴露后 DNA 损伤反应的各个方面。med17 突变体植物显示出 HY5 表达的改变，而 HY5 编码的转录因子在光形态发生中起着核心作用。我们的研究结果表明，与 WT 植物相比，med17 突变体的光形态发生反应以及对黑暗的反应都发生了改变，这些差异可能是由于编码光和黑暗信号通路关键调控因子（如 HY5、COP1 和 PIF3）的基因表达发生了改变。此外，med17 突变体的转录组变化与之前报道的暴露于红光和蓝光的植物的转录组变化以及之前描述的感光突变体的转录组变化相似。有趣的是，与 WT 植物相比，med17 和 hy5 突变体显示出一组相似的差异表达基因，这表明这两种蛋白可能参与了共同的光和暗诱导信号通路。总之，我们的数据提供了证据，证明 MED17 是拟南芥光照和黑暗反应的重要调节因子。

{"title":"Mediator subunit 17 regulates light and darkness responses in Arabidopsis plants","authors":"Marisol Giustozzi , Santiago Nicolás Freytes , María Lorena Falcone Ferreyra , Pablo Cerdán , Paula Casati","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mediator 17 (MED17) is part of the head of the Mediator complex, which regulates transcription initiation in different eukaryotic organisms, including plants. We have previously characterized MED17 roles in Arabidopsis plants exposed to UV-B radiation, revealing its involvement in various aspects of the DNA damage response after exposure. <em>med17</em> mutant plants showed altered <em>HY5</em> expression, which encodes a transcription factor with a central role in photomorphogenesis. Our results demonstrate that <em>med17</em> mutants show altered photomorphogenic responses and also to darkness, when compared to WT plants, and these differences could be due to altered expression of genes encoding key regulators of light and darkness signaling pathways, such as <em>HY5</em>, <em>COP1</em> and <em>PIF3</em>. Moreover, <em>med17</em> mutants exhibit transcriptome changes similar to those previously reported in plants exposed to red and blue light, as well as those previously described for photoreceptor mutants. Interestingly, <em>med17</em> and <em>hy5</em> mutants show a similar set of differentially expressed genes compared to WT plants, which suggests that both proteins may participate in a common light and dark-induced signaling pathways. Together, our data provides evidence that MED17 is an important regulator of the light and darkness responses in Arabidopsis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The transition from vegetative growth to flowering is associated with suppression of the MUSA CENTRORADIALIS (MCN ) gene family in day neutral banana 香蕉从无性繁殖到开花的转变与日中性香蕉的 MUSA CENTRORADIALIS（MCN）基因家族的抑制有关。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112289

Akhilesh K. Chaurasia , Hemant B. Patil , Bal Krishna , Vadakanthara R. Subramaniam , Prafullachandra V. Sane , Aniruddha P. Sane

Control over flowering time is essential for reproductive success and survival of plants. The TERMINAL FLOWER1/CENTRORADIALIS/BROTHER OF FT AND TFL1 (TFL1/CEN/BFT) genes are key suppressor of flowering time that prevents premature conversion of the apical meristem into a floral meristem thereby allowing indeterminate vegetative growth. We have identified and characterized seven members of banana TFL1/CEN/BFT gene family (MCN1–7). All genes except MCN6 show overlapping expression in the shoot apical meristem as well as leaves from the initial to mid-vegetative phases. Their expression is collectively reduced to their lowest just prior to flowering initiation at around 171 days, 226 days and 297 days, respectively, in three differently flowering varieties. Thereafter, there is steady increase in their transcript levels in the apical meristem as well as leaves that correlates with the development and growth of the inflorescence. The ability of three of the genes, MCNs1–3, to functionally complement the tfl1–14 mutant of Arabidopsis provides additional evidence for structural and functional similarities of the MCN proteins to TFL1 even in a distantly related plant. Together, these results suggest that the MCN family in banana is associated with vegetative growth and suppression of flowering time initiation as well as indeterminate growth of inflorescence.

控制开花时间对植物的繁殖成功和生存至关重要。TERMINAL FLOWER1/CENTRORADIALIS/BROTHER OF FT 和 TFL1（TFL1/CEN/BFT）基因是花期的关键抑制因子，可防止顶端分生组织过早转化为花分生组织，从而使无性繁殖成为可能。我们鉴定并描述了香蕉 TFL1/CEN/BFT 基因家族（MCN1-7）的七个成员。除 MCN6 外，所有基因在植株初期到中期的芽顶端分生组织和叶片中都有重叠表达。在三个不同花期的品种中，它们的表达量在开花前分别在 171 天、226 天和 297 天左右集体降到最低。此后，它们在顶端分生组织和叶片中的转录水平稳步上升，这与花序的发育和生长有关。其中三个基因 MCNs1-3 能够对拟南芥的 tfl1-14 突变体进行功能互补，这进一步证明了 MCN 蛋白与 TFL1 在结构和功能上的相似性，即使在远缘植物中也是如此。这些结果表明，香蕉中的 MCN 家族与无性生长、抑制花期的开始以及花序的不定期生长有关。

{"title":"The transition from vegetative growth to flowering is associated with suppression of the MUSA CENTRORADIALIS (MCN ) gene family in day neutral banana","authors":"Akhilesh K. Chaurasia , Hemant B. Patil , Bal Krishna , Vadakanthara R. Subramaniam , Prafullachandra V. Sane , Aniruddha P. Sane","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Control over flowering time is essential for reproductive success and survival of plants. The <em>TERMINAL FLOWER1</em>/<em>CENTRORADIALIS/BROTHER OF FT AND TFL1</em> (<em>TFL1</em>/<em>CEN/BFT</em>) genes are key suppressor of flowering time that prevents premature conversion of the apical meristem into a floral meristem thereby allowing indeterminate vegetative growth. We have identified and characterized seven members of banana <em>TFL1/CEN/BFT</em> gene family (<em>MCN1–7</em>). All genes except <em>MCN6</em> show overlapping expression in the shoot apical meristem as well as leaves from the initial to mid-vegetative phases. Their expression is collectively reduced to their lowest just prior to flowering initiation at around 171 days, 226 days and 297 days, respectively, in three differently flowering varieties. Thereafter, there is steady increase in their transcript levels in the apical meristem as well as leaves that correlates with the development and growth of the inflorescence. The ability of three of the genes, <em>MCNs1–3</em>, to functionally complement the <em>tfl1–14</em> mutant of Arabidopsis provides additional evidence for structural and functional similarities of the <em>MCN</em> <!--> proteins to TFL1 even in a distantly related plant. Together, these results suggest that the MCN family in banana is associated with vegetative growth and suppression of flowering time initiation as well as indeterminate growth of inflorescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of genetic transformation system in Lilium pumilum and functional analysis of LpNAC6 on abiotic stress 百合遗传转化系统的建立及 LpNAC6 对非生物胁迫的功能分析

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112292

Hongying Zhang , Hao Yan , Haitao Che , Kyongsok So , Longyi He , Yuxin Zhu , Bin Liu , Yanni Zhang

Lilium pumilum is widely distributed in northeast Asia. It exhibits strong resistance and possesses high ornamental value. However, it currently lacks an efficient and stable transformation system. Therefore, we aimed to establish an effective genetic transformation system using the Agrobacterium-mediated method for L. pumilum, enabling gene transfer into the plant for gene function research and genetic engineering breeding. Our genetic transformation system achieved a transformation efficiency of 7.25 % under specific conditions: a kanamycin (Kana) concentration of 120 mg/L, 3 days of pre-cultivation, an A. tumefaciens concentration of 0.7 OD₆₀₀, an acetosyringone (AS) concentration of 20 mg/L, and a 15-minute infection period. We investigated the function of the LpNAC6 from L. pumilum by observing phenotypic and physiological changes under stresses induced by salt, alkali, and drought. Furthermore, overexpression of LpNAC6 resulted in enhanced stress tolerance as evidenced by increased levels of SOD, POD, CAT enzymes, improved photosynthetic indices, and elevated chlorophyll contents; as well as reduced levels of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These findings demonstrate that we have successfully established a transgenic transformation method for L. pumilum while also providing essential information for cultivating stress-tolerant Lilium species and advancing our understanding of the functions of LpNAC6 in plants.

百合花广泛分布于东北亚地区。它具有很强的抗性和很高的观赏价值。然而，它目前缺乏高效稳定的转化系统。因此，我们的目标是利用农杆菌介导法为百合建立一个有效的基因转化系统，使基因能够转移到植物体内，用于基因功能研究和基因工程育种。在卡那霉素（Kana）浓度为 120 毫克/升、预培养 3 天、农杆菌浓度为 0.7 OD600、乙酰丁香酮（AS）浓度为 20 毫克/升、感染时间为 15 分钟的特定条件下，我们的基因转化系统达到了 7.25% 的最高转化效率。我们通过观察在盐、碱和干旱等胁迫下的表型和生理变化，研究了来自 L. pumilum 的 LpNAC6 的功能。此外，LpNAC6 的过表达增强了对胁迫的耐受性，表现为 SOD、POD、CAT 酶水平的提高、光合指数的改善和叶绿素含量的增加，以及 MDA 和活性氧（ROS）水平的降低。这些研究结果表明，我们已经成功地建立了 L. pumilum 的转基因转化方法，同时也为培育抗逆性百合物种提供了重要信息，并加深了我们对 LpNAC6 在植物中功能的理解。

{"title":"Establishment of genetic transformation system in Lilium pumilum and functional analysis of LpNAC6 on abiotic stress","authors":"Hongying Zhang , Hao Yan , Haitao Che , Kyongsok So , Longyi He , Yuxin Zhu , Bin Liu , Yanni Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Lilium pumilum</em> is widely distributed in northeast Asia. It exhibits strong resistance and possesses high ornamental value. However, it currently lacks an efficient and stable transformation system. Therefore, we aimed to establish an effective genetic transformation system using the <em>Agrobacterium</em>-mediated method for <em>L. pumilum</em>, enabling gene transfer into the plant for gene function research and genetic engineering breeding. Our genetic transformation system achieved a transformation efficiency of 7.25 % under specific conditions: a kanamycin (Kana) concentration of 120 mg/L, 3 days of pre-cultivation, an <em>A. tumefaciens</em> concentration of 0.7 OD<sub>600</sub>, an acetosyringone (AS) concentration of 20 mg/L, and a 15-minute infection period. We investigated the function of the <em>LpNAC6</em> from <em>L. pumilum</em> by observing phenotypic and physiological changes under stresses induced by salt, alkali, and drought. Furthermore, overexpression of <em>LpNAC6</em> resulted in enhanced stress tolerance as evidenced by increased levels of SOD, POD, CAT enzymes, improved photosynthetic indices, and elevated chlorophyll contents; as well as reduced levels of MDA and reactive oxygen species (ROS). These findings demonstrate that we have successfully established a transgenic transformation method for <em>L. pumilum</em> while also providing essential information for cultivating stress-tolerant <em>Lilium</em> species and advancing our understanding of the functions of <em>LpNAC6</em> in plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prone to loss: Senescence-regulated protein degradation leads to lower protein extractability in aging tomato leaves 容易损失：衰老调节的蛋白质降解导致衰老番茄叶片中蛋白质提取率降低。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112284

Marietheres Kleuter , Yafei Yu , Francesco Pancaldi , Atze Jan van der Goot , Luisa M. Trindade

The utilization of proteins extracted from tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) leaves as cost-effective resources for human consumption or animal feed has gained interest. Thus, increasing protein extractability from tomato leaves became a new breeding target. However, the genetic factors influencing this trait remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed changes in leaf protein content, protein composition, and extraction yield across developmental stages, which are vegetative growth, flowering, fruit-forming, and mature fruit. Moreover, tomato gene expression across developmental stages was also studied, to identify genes underlying variability in leaf protein extraction. Protein extraction yield decreased from 0.51 g/g to 0.01 g/g leaf protein from the vegetative to mature stage. However, total protein content inferred with Dumas combustion analysis did not change over the developmental stages tested, while the protein-to-peptide ratio decreased significantly. To further analyze potential causes underlying the decline of protein-to-peptide ratio, the enzymatic activity of proteases – i.e. the enzymes responsible for protein degradation – and the expression of genes encoding these enzymes was studied along plant development. The overall specific activity of proteases did not change significantly throughout plant development. On the contrary, the gene expression of distinct members of the aspartic, cysteine, and subtilase protease families increased. Overall, our findings suggest that extraplastidic protein degradation likely underlies the protein degradation observed during senescence. In the future, the reduction of the activity of extraplastidic proteases through biotechnology could represent an effective strategy to develop tomato varieties with improved protein extraction yields.

从番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）叶片中提取蛋白质，作为具有成本效益的资源用于人类消费或动物饲料，已引起人们的兴趣。因此，提高番茄叶片蛋白质的可提取性成为新的育种目标。然而，人们对影响这一性状的遗传因素仍然知之甚少。在本研究中，我们分析了番茄叶片蛋白质含量、蛋白质组成和提取率在不同发育阶段的变化，这些阶段包括无性生长、开花、果实形成和成熟果实。此外，我们还研究了番茄各发育阶段的基因表达，以确定叶片蛋白质提取量变化的基因。从无性生长阶段到成熟阶段，蛋白质提取率从每克 0.51 克降至每克 0.01 克。然而，用杜马斯燃烧分析法推断出的总蛋白质含量在测试的各发育阶段并无变化，而蛋白质与肽的比率却显著下降。为了进一步分析蛋白质与肽的比例下降的潜在原因，我们研究了植物发育过程中蛋白酶（即负责蛋白质降解的酶）的酶活性以及编码这些酶的基因的表达情况。在植物的整个发育过程中，蛋白酶的整体特异性活性没有发生显著变化。相反，天冬氨酸蛋白酶、半胱氨酸蛋白酶和亚丝氨酸蛋白酶家族不同成员的基因表达量却有所增加。总之，我们的研究结果表明，在衰老过程中观察到的蛋白质降解可能是质体外蛋白质降解的基础。未来，通过生物技术降低质体外蛋白酶的活性可能是开发蛋白质提取率更高的番茄品种的有效策略。

{"title":"Prone to loss: Senescence-regulated protein degradation leads to lower protein extractability in aging tomato leaves","authors":"Marietheres Kleuter , Yafei Yu , Francesco Pancaldi , Atze Jan van der Goot , Luisa M. Trindade","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of proteins extracted from tomato (<em>Solanum lycopersicum</em>) leaves as cost-effective resources for human consumption or animal feed has gained interest. Thus, increasing protein extractability from tomato leaves became a new breeding target. However, the genetic factors influencing this trait remains poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed changes in leaf protein content, protein composition, and extraction yield across developmental stages, which are vegetative growth, flowering, fruit-forming, and mature fruit. Moreover, tomato gene expression across developmental stages was also studied, to identify genes underlying variability in leaf protein extraction. Protein extraction yield decreased from 0.51 g/g to 0.01 g/g leaf protein from the vegetative to mature stage. However, total protein content inferred with Dumas combustion analysis did not change over the developmental stages tested, while the protein-to-peptide ratio decreased significantly. To further analyze potential causes underlying the decline of protein-to-peptide ratio, the enzymatic activity of proteases – i.e. the enzymes responsible for protein degradation – and the expression of genes encoding these enzymes was studied along plant development. The overall specific activity of proteases did not change significantly throughout plant development. On the contrary, the gene expression of distinct members of the aspartic, cysteine, and subtilase protease families increased. Overall, our findings suggest that extraplastidic protein degradation likely underlies the protein degradation observed during senescence. In the future, the reduction of the activity of extraplastidic proteases through biotechnology could represent an effective strategy to develop tomato varieties with improved protein extraction yields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Overexpression of OsGASR1 promotes Al tolerance in rice OsGASR1 的过表达可促进水稻对 Al 的耐受性。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112294

Shuling Cao , Liyun Peng , Jinyu Yu , Ziheng Li , Zhigang Wang , Dan Ma , Xiaoqian Sun , Huawei Zheng , Baolei Zhang , Xingxiang Chen , Zhufeng Chen , Jixing Xia

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils poses a significant threat to rice, which exhibits highly complex genetic mechanisms for both external detoxification and internal tolerance among cereal crops. Although several genes involved Al tolerance have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying Al tolerance in rice remain to be fully explored. Here, we functionally characterized the gibberellin-stimulated transcription gene OsGASR1, which encodes a small cysteine-rich peptide localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm and plays a significant role in Al tolerance in rice. The expression of OsGASR1 is rapidly up-regulated by Al in rice root tips but not in the shoots. Its expression is not regulated by the central regulator Aluminum Resistance Transcription Factor 1 (ART1), indicating that OsGASR1 functions as a novel gene in rice Al resistance independent of ART1. Knockout of OsGASR1 reduced root length but did not affect Al tolerance in rice, whereas overexpression of OsGASR1 enhanced Al tolerance without affecting Al distribution and accumulation and promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the root tips. RNA-seq analysis revealed that overexpression of OsGASR1 upregulated the expression of genes associated with cell wall modification, oxidative stress, and Al tolerance. Collectively, these findings suggest that OsGASR1 is involved in Al tolerance in rice independently of ART1, and the up-regulation of this gene is necessary for rice Al tolerance.

酸性土壤中的铝（Al）毒性对水稻构成了重大威胁，而水稻在谷类作物中表现出高度复杂的外部解毒和内部耐受的遗传机制。虽然已经发现了几个涉及耐碱性的基因，但水稻耐碱性的分子机制仍有待充分探索。在此，我们对赤霉素刺激的转录基因 OsGASR1 进行了功能鉴定，该基因编码一种富含半胱氨酸的小肽，定位于细胞核和细胞质，在水稻的耐碱性中发挥着重要作用。在水稻根尖中，OsGASR1 的表达受 Al 快速上调，而在芽中则不然。其表达不受中心调控因子抗铝转录因子 1（ART1）的调控，表明 OsGASR1 是独立于 ART1 的水稻抗铝新基因。敲除 OsGASR1 会降低水稻根的长度，但不会影响水稻对铝的耐受性；而过表达 OsGASR1 会增强水稻对铝的耐受性，但不会影响铝的分布和积累，并促进根尖活性氧（ROS）的积累。RNA-seq 分析显示，OsGASR1 的过表达会上调与细胞壁修饰、氧化应激和耐碱性相关的基因的表达。总之，这些研究结果表明，OsGASR1 与 ART1 无关，它参与了水稻的耐碱性，而该基因的上调是水稻耐碱性的必要条件。

{"title":"Overexpression of OsGASR1 promotes Al tolerance in rice","authors":"Shuling Cao , Liyun Peng , Jinyu Yu , Ziheng Li , Zhigang Wang , Dan Ma , Xiaoqian Sun , Huawei Zheng , Baolei Zhang , Xingxiang Chen , Zhufeng Chen , Jixing Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils poses a significant threat to rice, which exhibits highly complex genetic mechanisms for both external detoxification and internal tolerance among cereal crops. Although several genes involved Al tolerance have been identified, the molecular mechanisms underlying Al tolerance in rice remain to be fully explored. Here, we functionally characterized the gibberellin-stimulated transcription gene <em>OsGASR1</em>, which encodes a small cysteine-rich peptide localized to the nucleus and cytoplasm and plays a significant role in Al tolerance in rice. The expression of <em>OsGASR1</em> is rapidly up-regulated by Al in rice root tips but not in the shoots. Its expression is not regulated by the central regulator Aluminum Resistance Transcription Factor 1 (ART1), indicating that <em>OsGASR1</em> functions as a novel gene in rice Al resistance independent of ART1. Knockout of <em>OsGASR1</em> reduced root length but did not affect Al tolerance in rice, whereas overexpression of <em>OsGASR1</em> enhanced Al tolerance without affecting Al distribution and accumulation and promoted the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the root tips. RNA-seq analysis revealed that overexpression of <em>OsGASR1</em> upregulated the expression of genes associated with cell wall modification, oxidative stress, and Al tolerance. Collectively, these findings suggest that OsGASR1 is involved in Al tolerance in rice independently of ART1, and the up-regulation of this gene is necessary for rice Al tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methyltransferase 1 (OsMTS1) interacts with hydroxycinnamoyltransferase 1 (OsHCT1) and promotes heading by upregulating heading date 1 (Hd1) 甲基转移酶 1（OsMTS1）与羟基肉桂酰基转移酶 1（OsHCT1）相互作用，通过上调标题日期 1（Hd1）促进标题。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112291

Amir Sohail

Heading date determines the distribution and yield potentials of rice, and is an ideal target for crop improvement using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. In this study, we reported the loss-of-function of Methyltransferase 1 (MTS1), which promotes heading in rice. Here, we constructed knockouts and overexpression transgenic plants of OsMTS1 in ZH8015 and Nipponbare (NIP) for the first time to validate its heading date function in rice subspecies Oryza sativa ssp. Indica and O. Sativa ssp. Japonica, respectively. The OsMTS1 knockouts in ZH8015 and NIP rice significantly promoted heading date under both natural short days (NSD) and natural long days (NLD) conditions, while the overexpression of OsMTS1 significantly delayed heading date in ZH8015 and NIP rice under both NSD and NLD conditions. Likewise, the complementation transgenic plants displayed late heading date phenotype. OsMTS1 repressed heading through up-regulating Heading date 1 (Hd1) and down-regulating Early heading date 1 (Ehd1) and Heading date 3a (Hd3a). The OsMTS1 protein interacted with OsHCT1 proteins using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay. The Y2H and overexpression confirmed that OsMTS1 interacted with OsHCT1, which delayed heading by 4.7 days under NLD. Taken together, CRISPR/Cas9, genetic complementation, and overexpression results validated that OsMTS1 represses heading in Indica and Japonica rice under both NLD and NSD conditions. These results demonstrated that OsMTS1 is a useful target for breeding early maturing rice varieties by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of the functional allele.

抽穗期决定了水稻的分布和产量潜力，是利用 CRISPR/Cas9 基因组编辑系统改良作物的理想目标。在这项研究中，我们报道了促进水稻抽穗的甲基转移酶 1（MTS1）的功能缺失。在此，我们首次在 ZH8015 和 Nipponbare（NIP）中构建了 OsMTS1 基因敲除和过表达转基因植株，以验证其在水稻亚种 Oryza sativa ssp.在自然短日（NSD）和自然长日（NLD）条件下，ZH8015和NIP水稻中敲除的OsMTS1都能显著促进头穗的形成；而在自然短日和自然长日条件下，OsMTS1的过表达都能显著推迟ZH8015和NIP水稻的头穗形成。同样，互补转基因植株也表现出迟发性表型。OsMTS1 通过上调标题日期 1（Hd1）、下调早期标题日期 1（Ehd1）和标题日期 3a（Hd3a）来抑制标题。利用酵母双杂交（Y2H）试验，OsMTS1 蛋白与 OsHCT1 蛋白相互作用。Y2H和过表达证实了OsMTS1与OsHCT1的相互作用，在NLD条件下，OsMTS1可使头状花序延迟4.7天。综上所述，CRISPR/Cas9、基因互补和过表达结果验证了 OsMTS1 在 NLD 和 NSD 条件下均抑制籼稻和粳稻的头状生长。这些结果表明，通过 CRISPR/Cas9 基因编辑功能等位基因，OsMTS1 是培育早熟水稻品种的有用靶标。

{"title":"Methyltransferase 1 (OsMTS1) interacts with hydroxycinnamoyltransferase 1 (OsHCT1) and promotes heading by upregulating heading date 1 (Hd1)","authors":"Amir Sohail","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112291","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heading date determines the distribution and yield potentials of rice, and is an ideal target for crop improvement using CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. In this study, we reported the loss-of-function of <em>Methyltransferase 1</em> (<em>MTS1</em>), which promotes heading in rice. Here, we constructed knockouts and overexpression transgenic plants of <em>OsMTS1</em> in ZH8015 and Nipponbare (NIP) for the first time to validate its heading date function in rice subspecies <em>Oryza sativa ssp. Indica</em> and <em>O. Sativa ssp. Japonica</em>, respectively. The <em>OsMTS1</em> knockouts in ZH8015 and NIP rice significantly promoted heading date under both natural short days (NSD) and natural long days (NLD) conditions, while the overexpression of <em>OsMTS1</em> significantly delayed heading date in ZH8015 and NIP rice under both NSD and NLD conditions. Likewise, the complementation transgenic plants displayed late heading date phenotype. <em>OsMTS1</em> repressed heading through up-regulating <em>Heading date 1</em> (<em>Hd1</em>) and down-regulating <em>Early heading date 1</em> (<em>Ehd1</em>) and <em>Heading date 3a</em> (<em>Hd3a</em>). The OsMTS1 protein interacted with OsHCT1 proteins using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay. The Y2H and overexpression confirmed that OsMTS1 interacted with <em>OsHCT1</em>, which delayed heading by 4.7 days under NLD. Taken together, CRISPR/Cas9, genetic complementation, and overexpression results validated that <em>OsMTS1</em> represses heading in <em>Indica</em> and <em>Japonica</em> rice under both NLD and NSD conditions. These results demonstrated that <em>OsMTS1</em> is a useful target for breeding early maturing rice varieties by CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing of the functional allele.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142472823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0