Plant Science最新文献_第6页

Extracellular ATP activates H2O2 signaling to mitigate cadmium toxicity by restricting Cd2 + entry and triggering the antioxidant system in Arabidopsis

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112362

Shurong Deng , Yang Wang , Chunran Huang , Wei Jian , Haichao Zhou , Muzammil Hussain , Min Pan , Cheng Ye , Zhengjie Zhu , Tao Lang

Extracellular ATP (eATP) has recently been considered important in signaling against abiotic stress in plants. However, the potential advantageous mechanisms of eATP in a plant's adaptation to cadmium (Cd) stress are largely unknown. In the present study, using eATP-insensitive mutants, does not respond to nucleotides 1–3/4, we investigated the possible roles and regulatory effects of eATP in mitigating Cd²⁺ toxicity in Arabidopsis thaliana. The results show that dorn1–3 and dorn1–4 possessed lower germination and root length, but exhibited higher relative electrolyte leakage than those in wildtype (WT) under Cd stress. In addition, CdCl₂ caused a marked trend of first increase and then decrease in eATP within the three strains during 24 h of treatment. The Cd²⁺-induced Cd²⁺ influx in the roots of dorn1–3 and dorn1–4 was notably higher than that in WT, whether in steady or in transient states. Additionally, the application of exogenous ATP-Na₂ (an eATP donor) reduced but exogenous PPADS (a specific inhibitor of P2K1) increased the Cd²⁺-elicited Cd²⁺ influx. The fluorescence intensities of Cd²⁺ and H₂O₂ in the mutants were also notably higher than those in WT. Furthermore, H₂O₂ signaling could be activated via eATP signaling and inhibit Cd²⁺ intry under Cd conditions. Under Cd stress, eATP-triggered H₂O₂ signaling seemed to activate the downstream transcription of genes involved in the antioxidant system, such as AtGR1, AtCAT1, AtGPX8, and AtSOD1/2, and downregulate the relative levels of AtIRT1 and AtIRT2 transcripts. To sum up, through binding to its receptor, P2K1, the Cd-elicited eATP potentially activated the downstream signal H₂O₂, which could further inhibit Cd entry by downregulating the expression of AtIRTs and remove excess ROS via upregulating genes involved in the antioxidant system, eventually leading to the mitigation of Cd toxicity.

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引用次数: 0

Mutation in FvPAL2 leads to light red strawberry fruits and yellow-green petioles FvPAL2突变导致草莓果实呈淡红色，叶柄呈黄绿色。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112370

Chong Wang , Anqi Lin , Yankong Zhou , Zheng Liu , Peng Bai , Yuxuan Zhu , Junmiao Fan , Xiaoyi Bi , Huiyun Kuang , Hongli Lian , Pengbo Xu

In recent years, light red or white strawberries have attracted much attention because of their unusual color, however, the mechanism of strawberry color formation, especially light red strawberry color, is not well understood. By EMS mutagenesis of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), we identified two mutants, rg40 and rg120, with light red fruit and yellow-green petiole, and allelic hybridization and BSA mixed-pool sequencing revealed that the phenotype was caused by mutation in the FvPAL2 protein in the anthocyanin synthesis pathway. Enzyme activity experiments showed that the mutant FvPAL2 protein barely catalyzed the substrate conversion normally, thus blocking anthocyanin synthesis, which in turn led to a decrease in anthocyanin accumulation in fruits and petioles. Analysis of the active pockets of the wild-type and mutant FvPAL2 proteins revealed that the mutant FvPAL2 could not bind to the substrate properly. The specific transcription factors FvMYB10 and FvMYB10L were further found to bind and activate the expression of FvPAL1 and FvPAL2 in both fruit and petiole. The discovery of the key site of FvPAL2 protein activity provides a clear modification target for the breeding of light red strawberry varieties, which has important application value.

近年来，浅红色或白色草莓因其不同寻常的颜色而备受关注，然而，草莓颜色的形成机制，特别是浅红色草莓颜色的形成机制尚不清楚。通过对草莓（Fragaria vesca）的EMS诱变，鉴定出果实呈淡红色、叶柄呈黄绿色的两个突变体rg40和rg120，等位基因杂交和BSA混合池测序结果表明，该表型是由花青素合成途径中FvPAL2蛋白突变引起的。酶活性实验表明，突变体FvPAL2蛋白几乎不能正常催化底物转化，从而阻断了花青素的合成，从而导致果实和叶柄中花青素积累减少。对野生型和突变型FvPAL2蛋白活性口袋的分析表明，突变型FvPAL2不能正常结合底物。进一步发现特异性转录因子FvMYB10和FvMYB10L结合并激活果实和叶柄中FvPAL1和FvPAL2的表达。FvPAL2蛋白活性关键位点的发现，为浅红色草莓品种的选育提供了明确的修饰靶点，具有重要的应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated GhFT-targeted mutagenesis prolongs indeterminate growth and alters plant architecture in cotton CRISPR/ cas9介导的ghft靶向诱变延长了棉花的不确定生长并改变了植株结构。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112374

Na Sang , Bin Ma , Hui Liu , Tingting Feng , Xianzhong Huang

The shift from vegetative to reproductive growth is an important developmental transition that affects flowering and maturation, architecture, and ecological adaptability in plants. The florigen-antiflorigen system universally controls flowering and plant architecture, and changes to the ratio of these components alter this transition and disrupt growth. The genes FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T), encoding the florigen protein FT, and CETS [CENTRORADIALIS (CEN)/TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1)/SELF-PRUNING (SP)], encoding antiflorigen proteins, have opposing roles. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the world’s most widely cultivated cotton varieties, and its complex allotetraploid genome contains only one homoeologous pair of FT genes (GhFT-A and GhFT-D). The functionally conserved gene GhFT promotes flowering and plays a role in plant architecture, although the molecular regulation of flowering and plant architecture in cotton remains unclear. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 technology was used to induce mutations in the first and second exons of GhFT, respectively. G. hirsutum cv. YZ-1 was transformed with a CRISPR/Cas9-GhFT vector using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, and a diverse set of mutations was identified at the editing site. Compared with the wild type, mutant plants could not transition between vegetative and reproductive growth, and significant alterations to plant architecture were observed. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed downregulation of the homologous floral meristem identity genes APETALA1 (GhAP1) and OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 (GhSOC1) and upregulation of the TFL1 homologs GhTFL1–1 and GhTFL1–2. These results suggested that GhFT played a significant role in flowering time and plant architecture and that the ratio of florigen-antiflorigen components was critical to producing improved cotton varieties. This study provided a basis for future investigations of molecular breeding in cotton and guidance for the agricultural production of this crop.

植物从营养生长到生殖生长是一个重要的发育转变，影响着植物的开花和成熟、结构和生态适应性。致花剂-抗致花剂系统普遍控制着开花和植物结构，这些成分比例的变化改变了这种转变并破坏了生长。编码致花蛋白FT的基因FT（开花位点T）和编码抗致花蛋白的基因cts [CENTRORADIALIS (CEN)/TERMINAL FLOWER1 (TFL1)/SELF-PRUNING (SP)]具有相反的作用。陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum）是世界上种植最广泛的棉花品种之一，其复杂的异源四倍体基因组仅包含一对同源的FT基因（GhFT-A和GhFT-D）。功能保守的基因GhFT促进开花并在植物结构中发挥作用，尽管棉花开花和植物结构的分子调控尚不清楚。在本研究中，利用CRISPR/Cas9技术分别诱导GhFT的第一外显子和第二外显子发生突变。毛囊草。YZ-1被使用农杆菌的CRISPR/Cas9-GhFT载体转化，在编辑位点发现了一系列不同的突变。与野生型相比，突变株不能在营养生长和生殖生长之间转换，植株结构发生了显著变化。定量RT-PCR显示，同源花分生组织识别基因APETALA1 （GhAP1）和CONSTANS 1 （GhSOC1）过表达下调，TFL1同源基因GhTFL1-1和GhTFL1-2上调。综上所述，GhFT对棉花开花时间和植株结构有显著影响，促花剂与抗花剂组分的比例对棉花品种的改良具有重要影响。本研究为今后棉花分子育种的研究奠定了基础，并为棉花的农业生产提供了指导。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Quantitative trait locus mapping and identification of candidate genes for resistance to Verticillium wilt in four recombinant inbred line populations of Gossypium hirsutum” [Plant Sci. 327 (2023) 111562] “棉花4个重组自交系群体抗黄萎病的数量性状位点定位和候选基因鉴定”[植物科学]. 327(2023)111562]。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112364

Yuxiang Wang , Jieyin Zhao , Qin Chen , Kai Zheng , Xiaojuan Deng , Wenju Gao , Wenfeng Pei , Shiwei Geng , Yahui Deng , Chunping Li , Quanjia Chen , Yanying Qu

引用次数: 0

Nanomaterials impact in phytohormone signaling networks of plants − A critical review 纳米材料对植物激素信号网络的影响

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112373

Garima Tripathi , Shrestha Dutta , Anamika Mishra , Soumyadeep Basu , Vishesh Gupta , Chinnaperumal Kamaraj

Nanotechnology offers a transformative approach to augment plant growth and crop productivity under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Nanomaterials interact with key phytohormones, triggering the synthesis of stress-associated metabolites, activating antioxidant defense mechanisms, and modulating gene expression networks that regulate diverse physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes within plant systems. This review critically examines the impact of nanoparticles on both conventional and genetically modified crops, focusing on their role in nutrient delivery systems and the modulation of plant cellular machinery. Nanoparticle-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation plays a central role in altering secondary metabolite biosynthesis, highlighting their function as potent elicitors and stimulants in plant systems. The review underscores the significant contribution of nanoparticles in enhancing stress resilience through the modulation of phytohormonal signaling pathways, offering novel insights into their potential for improving crop health and productivity under environmental stressors.

纳米技术提供了一种在非生物和生物胁迫条件下增强植物生长和作物生产力的变革性方法。纳米材料与关键的植物激素相互作用，触发应激相关代谢物的合成，激活抗氧化防御机制，并调节调节植物系统内各种生理、生化和分子过程的基因表达网络。这篇综述批判性地研究了纳米颗粒对传统和转基因作物的影响，重点关注它们在营养输送系统和植物细胞机制调节中的作用。纳米颗粒诱导的活性氧（ROS）的产生在改变次生代谢物的生物合成中起着核心作用，突出了它们在植物系统中作为有效的激发子和兴奋剂的功能。这篇综述强调了纳米颗粒通过调节植物激素信号通路在增强胁迫恢复力方面的重要贡献，为它们在环境胁迫下改善作物健康和生产力的潜力提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

AtTRM11 as a tRNA 2-methylguanosine methyltransferase modulates flowering and bacterial resistance via translational regulation tRNA 2-甲基鸟苷甲基转移酶AtTRM11通过翻译调控调控开花和细菌抗性。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112368

Zhengyi Lv , Lun Guan , Ruixuan Yao , Hanchen Chen , Hailang Wang , Xukai Li , Xiaodong Xu , Liangcai Peng , Youmei Wang , Peng Chen

2-methylguanosine is an eukaryote-specific modified nucleoside in transfer RNAs, and m²G10 is catalyzed by Trm11-Trm112 protein complex in eukaryotic tRNAs. Here, we show that loss-of-function mutation of the Arabidopsis Trm11 homolog AtTRM11 resulted in m²G deficiency associated with disturbed ribosome assembly and overall transcriptome changes, including genes involved in flowering regulation and plant-pathogen interaction. The attrm11 mutant showed phenotypes of enlarged rosette leaves and early flowering, as well as enhanced resistance to Pseudomonas bacterial infection. AtTRM11 could partially rescue the m²G nucleoside level in yeast trm11 mutant, and AtTRM11 protein mostly resided in cytosol and physically interacted with AtTRM112b in planta. AtTRM11 was mostly expressed in shoot apex, root tip, and distal end of rosette leaves. KEGG enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes between trm11 mutant and wild type indicated changes in pathways including phenopropanoid biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction and MAPK signaling, suggesting that the pleiotropic phenotypes of the attrm11 mutant can be ascribed to translational and transcriptional changes.

2-甲基鸟苷是转移rna中真核特异性修饰核苷，m2G10在真核tRNAs中由Trm11-Trm112蛋白复合物催化。在这里，我们发现拟南芥Trm11同源物AtTRM11的功能缺失突变导致m2G缺乏，与核糖体组装紊乱和整体转录组变化有关，包括参与开花调节和植物-病原体相互作用的基因。attrm11突变体表现出莲座叶增大、开花提前、抗假单胞菌感染能力增强的表型。在酵母trm11突变体中，AtTRM11可以部分恢复m2G核苷水平，并且在植物中AtTRM11蛋白主要驻留在细胞质中，并与AtTRM112b发生物理相互作用。AtTRM11主要表达于莲座叶片的茎尖、根尖和远端。对trm11突变体与野生型差异表达基因的KEGG富集分析表明，trm11突变体在类表型生物合成、植物-病原体相互作用、植物激素信号转导和MAPK信号转导等途径上发生了变化，表明trm11突变体的多效表型可归因于翻译和转录的变化。

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引用次数: 0

The Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein α subunit binds to and inhibits the inward rectifying potassium channel KAT1 拟南芥异三聚体G蛋白α亚基结合并抑制向内整流钾通道KAT1。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112363

Jiang-Fan Guo , Hui Zhou , Zhuo-Ran Hu , Ya-Lan Yang , Wen-Bin Wang , Yan-Ru Zhang , Xue Li , Nuerkaimaier Mulati , Ying-Xin Li , Lu Wu , Yu Long , Jun-Min He

In animal cells, Gα subunit of the heterotrimeric G proteins can bind to both the N-terminal and C-terminal domains of G-protein-activated inwardly rectifying K⁺ channels (GIRKs) to inhibit their activities. In Arabidopsis guard cells, the Gα subunit GPA1 mediates multiple stimuli-regulated stomatal movements via inhibiting guard cell inward-rectifying K⁺ (K⁺_in) current, but it remains unclear whether GPA1 directly interacts with and inhibits the activities of K⁺_in channels. Here, we found that GPA1 interacted with the transmembrane domain rather than the intracellular domain of the Shaker family K⁺_in channel KAT1. Two-Electrode Voltage-Clamp experiments in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that GPA1 significantly inhibited KAT1 channel activity. However, GPA1 could not inhibit the assembly of KAT1 as well as KAT2 as homo- and hetero-tetramers and alter the subcellular localization and protein stability of these channels. In conclusion, these findings reveal a novel regulatory mechanism for Gα inhibition of the Shaker family K⁺_in channel KAT1 via binding to its channel transmembrane domains but without affecting its subcellular localization, protein stability and the formation of functional homo- and hetero-tetramers. This suggests that in both animal and plant cells, Gα can regulate K⁺_in channels through physical interaction, albeit with differing mechanisms of interaction and regulation.

在动物细胞中，异三聚体G蛋白的Gα亚基可以结合到G蛋白激活的内向纠偏K+通道（GIRKs）的n端和c端结构域，从而抑制其活性。在拟南芥保护细胞中，Gα亚基GPA1通过抑制保护细胞内向纠偏K+ (K+ In)电流介导多种刺激调节的气孔运动，但GPA1是否直接与通道中K+的活性相互作用并抑制其活性尚不清楚。在这里，我们发现GPA1与通道KAT1中的Shaker家族K+的跨膜结构域而不是细胞内结构域相互作用。双电极电压钳实验表明，GPA1能显著抑制爪蟾卵母细胞中KAT1通道的活性。然而，GPA1不能抑制KAT1和KAT2作为同源和异源四聚体的组装，也不能改变这些通道的亚细胞定位和蛋白质稳定性。综上所述，这些发现揭示了一种新的调节机制，通过与通道跨膜结构域结合，而不影响其亚细胞定位、蛋白质稳定性和功能同源和异源四聚体的形成，从而抑制Gα在通道KAT1中的作用。这表明，在动物和植物细胞中，Gα都可以通过物理相互作用调节通道中的K+，尽管相互作用和调节机制不同。

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引用次数: 0

Review: Recent advances in unraveling the genetic architecture of kernel row number in maize 综述：揭示玉米核行数遗传结构的最新进展。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112366

Yizhu Wang, Ranjan K. Shaw, Xingming Fan

Kernel row number (KRN) is an important trait in maize that significantly impacts maize yield. The high heritability of KRN underscores its significance in maize breeding programs. In this review, we summarize recent advances in understanding the mechanisms underlying the formation, differentiation, and regulation of KRN in maize. Specifically, we have discussed gene mapping studies, functional validation of KRN-associated genes, and the application of gene editing techniques to KRN in maize. We summarized the various methods used to map and fine-map QTLs controlling KRN and provide an overview of the current status of cloned KRN-regulating genes. Despite the identification of many genes associated with KRN, the complexity of its regulation—arising from multiple loci and intricate gene interactions—remains a challenge. Balancing KRN with kernel number per row (KNR) and kernel weight is critical for optimizing yield while ensuring stability across different environments. Furthermore, we analyzed the influence of environmental factors on KRN, noting that despite its high heritability, environmental conditions can significantly affect this trait. Combining genotype-phenotype relationships with environmental data using big data and artificial intelligence could enhance maize breeding efficiency and accelerate genetic gains. This review emphasizes the importance of balancing traits, integrating environmental factors, and leveraging advanced technologies in maize breeding to achieve optimal yield and stress tolerance. Finally, we outlined future research perspectives aimed at developing high-yielding maize varieties through advances in KRN-related research.

粒行数是影响玉米产量的重要性状。KRN的高遗传力突出了其在玉米育种中的重要意义。本文综述了玉米KRN形成、分化和调控机制的最新研究进展。具体来说，我们讨论了基因定位研究，KRN相关基因的功能验证，以及基因编辑技术在玉米KRN中的应用。我们总结了用于定位和精细定位控制KRN的qtl的各种方法，并概述了克隆KRN调控基因的现状。尽管已经确定了许多与KRN相关的基因，但其调控的复杂性-由多个位点和复杂的基因相互作用引起-仍然是一个挑战。平衡KRN与每行核数（KNR）和核权对于优化产量，同时确保不同环境下的稳定性至关重要。此外，我们分析了环境因素对KRN的影响，发现尽管其具有高遗传力，但环境条件可以显著影响该性状。利用大数据和人工智能技术，将基因型-表型关系与环境数据相结合，可以提高玉米育种效率，加快遗传增益。本文强调了平衡性状、综合环境因素和利用先进技术在玉米育种中实现最佳产量和抗逆性的重要性。最后，通过krn相关研究的进展，展望了未来玉米高产品种的研究前景。

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引用次数: 0

An AP2/ERF transcription factor GhERF109 negatively regulates plant growth and development in cotton AP2/ERF转录因子GhERF109负向调控棉花的生长发育。

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112365

Huiyun Shi , Ghulam Qanmber , Zuoren Yang , Yuling Guo , Shuya Ma , Sheng Shu , Yujun Li , Zhongxu Lin , Fuguang Li , Zhao Liu

Cotton is an important source of natural fibers. The AP2/ethylene response factor (ERF) family is one of the largest plant-specific transcription factors (TFs) groups, playing key roles in plant growth and development. However, the role of ERF TFs in cotton’s growth and development remains unclear. In this study, we identified GhERF109, a nuclear-localized ERF, which showed significant expression differences between ZM24 and pag1 cotton. Heterologous overexpression of GhERF109 in Arabidopsis resulted in reduced plant height, shortened root length, and reduced silique lengths compared to wild-type (WT) plants. In contrast, silencing GhERF109 in cotton led to a significant increase in plant height due to the elongation of stem cells. Overexpression of GhERF109 in cotton also produced a compact plant type with a notable reduction in height. RNA-seq analysis of GhERF109-silenced plants revealed 4123 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with many upregulated genes involved in auxin response, polar transport, cell expansion, cell cycle regulation, brassinolide (BL) biosynthesis, and very long-chain fatty acid (VLCFA) pathways. These findings suggest that GhERF109 integrates auxin and other signaling pathways to suppress plant growth, providing valuable genetic material for breeding programs to improve mechanized cotton harvesting.

棉花是天然纤维的重要来源。AP2/乙烯响应因子（ERF）家族是最大的植物特异性转录因子（TFs）家族之一，在植物生长发育中起着关键作用。然而，ERF TFs在棉花生长发育中的作用尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们鉴定了GhERF109，这是一个核定位的ERF，在ZM24和pag1棉花中表达差异显著。与野生型（WT）植株相比，异源过表达GhERF109可导致植株高度降低、根长缩短和茎长缩短。相比之下，在棉花中沉默GhERF109，由于干细胞的伸长，导致植株高度显著增加。在棉花中过表达GhERF109也产生了株型紧凑且株高显著降低的株型。对gherf109沉默植物的RNA-seq分析发现了4123个差异表达基因（DEGs），其中许多上调基因涉及生长素反应、极性运输、细胞扩增、细胞周期调节、油菜素内酯（BL）生物合成和甚长链脂肪酸（VLCFA）途径。这些发现表明GhERF109整合了生长素和其他信号通路来抑制植物生长，为提高棉花机械化收获的育种计划提供了有价值的遗传物质。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of PILS genes by bZIP transcription factor TGA7 in tomato plant growth bZIP转录因子TGA7在番茄植株生长中的调控作用

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112359

Qixiang Zheng , Xiaole Meng , Xiaojing Fan , Shangyu Chen , Kangqi Sang , Jingquan Yu , Yanhong Zhou , Xiaojian Xia

Auxin plays a pivotal role in plant growth regulation. The PIN-FORMED (PIN) proteins facilitate long-distance polar auxin transport, whereas the recently identified PIN-LIKES (PILS) proteins regulate intracellular auxin homeostasis. However, the auxin transport mechanisms in horticultural crops remain largely unexplored. Here, we identified and characterized PILS genes in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Promoter analysis revealed enrichment in TGA[C/T]G motifs, suggesting transcriptional regulation by TGA factors in the bZIP family. Subcellular localization studies confirmed that all tomato PILS proteins localize in the endoplasmic reticulum. PILS2 exhibited the highest expression across examined tissues, and its close homologue PILS6 showed a similar but less pronounced expression pattern. Silencing PILS2 significantly inhibited shoot and root growth. Phylogenetic and expression analyses identified the homologs of Arabidopsis TGA1, TGA3, TGA4, and TGA7 in tomato genome, with tomato TGA7 showing higher expression in roots. Notably, silencing tomato TGA7, but not TGA1, TGA3, or TGA4, strongly impaired shoot and root growth. Molecular assays demonstrated that TGA7 directly binds to the PILS2 promoter to activate its transcription. These findings uncover a TGA7-PILS2 regulatory module that governs plant growth and offer new insights into the function and regulation of PILS genes in tomato.

生长素在植物生长调控中起着举足轻重的作用。PIN- formed （PIN）蛋白促进长距离极性生长素运输，而最近发现的PIN- like （PILS）蛋白调节细胞内生长素稳态。然而，生长素在园艺作物中的转运机制仍未得到充分研究。在此，我们对番茄（Solanum lycopersicum）中的PILS基因进行了鉴定和表征。启动子分析显示，bZIP家族中TGA[C/T]G基序富集，表明TGA因子参与了bZIP家族的转录调控。亚细胞定位研究证实，所有的番茄PILS蛋白都定位于内质网。PILS2在检查的组织中表现出最高的表达，其相近的同源物PILS6表现出相似但不太明显的表达模式。沉默PILS2显著抑制了茎和根的生长。系统发育和表达分析发现拟南芥TGA1、TGA3、TGA4和TGA7在番茄基因组中具有同源性，其中TGA7在番茄根中表达量较高。值得注意的是，沉默番茄TGA7，而不是TGA1， TGA3或TGA4，会严重损害茎和根的生长。分子分析表明，TGA7直接结合到PILS2启动子上，激活其转录。这些发现揭示了调控植物生长的TGA7-PILS2调控模块，并为番茄中PILS基因的功能和调控提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0