Plant Science最新文献_第7页

Demethylation and depolymerization of pectin polysaccharides during ripening of Goji berry: Pectin methylesterase and Pectin methylesterase inhibitors as the main regulators of fruit texture characteristics. 枸杞成熟过程中果胶多糖的去甲基化和解聚：果胶甲基化酯酶和果胶甲基化酯酶抑制剂是果胶质地特征的主要调节剂。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113105

Jiayi Ma, Xiazhi Sun, Hua Hui, Yao Zhang, Xuemei Meng, Yanli Fan, Dunhua Liu

Pectin polysaccharide is a key component that determines the nutritional quality of Goji berry. However, its structural dynamic changes and regulatory mechanisms during fruit development are still unclear, which limits its high value. In this study, the physicochemical properties, transcriptome and metabolomics characteristics of pectin polysaccharides from Goji berry (Ningqi No.1) at different growth stages were systematically analyzed, and the key genes of PMEI derived from Goji berry were heterologously overexpressed in tomato and verified. The results showed that as the fruit matured, the length of the main chain of high galacturonic acid shortened, the activity of pectin methylesterase increased, the degree of polysaccharide methylation decreased, and the molecular weight of pectin decreased to the lowest (28.793 kDa) at the full ripening stage of the fruit, confirming the demethylation of pectin during development. Integrated multi-omics analysis further identified galactose metabolism and pentose / glucuronic acid conversion pathways as key synthetic pathways, and identified key differentially expressed genes such as GAUT, UGDH, PME, PEL, GALE, PG and PGA. Functional experiments showed that overexpression of LbPMEI24 and LbPMEI28 in tomato significantly increased fruit firmness by 16.73% and 17.55%, respectively, while inhibiting PME activity (decreased by 10% and 8.91%, respectively), confirming that LbPMEI24/28 affects fruit texture by regulating pectin structural modification. This study systematically explored the biosynthetic metabolic pathways of Goji berry pectin polysaccharides in different periods, which provided a key target for the improvement of Goji berry quality traits and high value-added processing.

果胶多糖是决定枸杞营养品质的关键成分。然而，其在果实发育过程中的结构动态变化和调控机制尚不清楚，限制了其高价值。本研究系统分析了枸杞（宁杞1号）不同生育期果胶多糖的理化特性、转录组学和代谢组学特征，并对来源于枸杞的果胶多糖的关键基因在番茄中异源过表达进行了验证。结果表明，随着果实成熟，果胶高半乳糖醛酸主链长度缩短，果胶甲基化酯酶活性升高，多糖甲基化程度降低，果胶分子量在果实完全成熟阶段降至最低（28.793kDa），证实果胶在发育过程中发生了去甲基化。综合多组学分析进一步确定了半乳糖代谢和戊糖/葡萄糖醛酸转化途径为关键合成途径，并确定了GAUT、UGDH、PME、PEL、GALE、PG和PGA等关键差异表达基因。功能实验表明，过表达LbPMEI24和LbPMEI28能显著提高果实硬度，分别提高16.73%和17.55%，抑制PME活性（分别降低10%和8.91%），证实LbPMEI24/28通过调节果胶结构修饰影响果实质地。本研究系统探索了枸杞果胶多糖在不同时期的生物合成代谢途径，为枸杞品质性状的改良和高附加值加工提供了关键靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Delayed flowering time when combining warm temperature and short days in barley 大麦在高温短日照条件下开花时间延迟

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112982

Nicolás F. Mastandrea , Ariel J. Castro , Roxana Savin , Gustavo A. Slafer

Time to flowering results from the interaction between genotypic and environmental factors. In a field study, flowering of spring barley was delayed in a warmer growing season, particularly in an early sowing under short photoperiod. In order to test differences whether these barleys were sensitive of vernalisation or the delayed flowering uncovered a complex photoperiod x temperature interaction, we carried out two experiment (one in chambers and the other outdoors) with barley cultivars that had exhibited that behaviour and known to possess different sensitivity to photoperiod under cool (12 °C) and warm (19 °C) temperatures and short or extremely long photoperiod after having been vernalised or not. None of the cultivars exhibited any response to vernalisation. All plants developed normally until the onset of stem elongation, but then many of those growing under warm temperatures and short photoperiod failed to flower or had abnormal development. Under short days, warmer temperatures delayed flowering in the insensitive cultivar and did not advance it in the sensitive cultivar. Duration of the construction phase of stem elongation explained better time to flowering than the foundation phase. Both final number of leaves and phyllochron were correlated with time to flowering, but the effects of final leaf number seem to be more decisive than phyllochron in determining the responses of time to flowering.

开花时间是基因型和环境因素相互作用的结果。在一项田间研究中，春大麦在温暖的生长季节开花延迟，特别是在短光期的早播中。为了测试这些大麦是对春化敏感还是延迟开花揭示了复杂的光周期与温度相互作用的差异，我们对大麦品种进行了两个实验（一个在室内，另一个在室外），这些大麦品种表现出这种行为，并且已知在冷（12°C）和暖（19°C）温度下对光周期具有不同的敏感性，并且在春化后或不春化后具有短或极长的光周期。没有一个品种表现出对春化的反应。在茎伸长开始之前，所有植株发育正常，但在温暖和短光周期条件下生长的植株中，有许多不开花或发育异常。在较短的日照条件下，温暖的温度延迟了不敏感品种的开花时间，而没有提前敏感品种的开花时间。茎伸长构建期的持续时间比基础期更能说明开花时间。末叶数和叶裂时均与开花时间相关，但末叶数对开花时间的影响似乎比叶裂时更具有决定性。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide analysis of ascorbate-glutathione cycle gene families in harvested tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) highlights their crucial role in phytohormones and stress management 收获番茄抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽循环基因家族的全基因组分析强调了它们在植物激素和胁迫管理中的重要作用。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112987

Sarfaraz Hussain, Fujun Li, Jihan Wang, Yanan Li, Durray Shahwar, Ahmed Islam ElManawy, Xiaoan Li, Xinhua Zhang

The ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle is a critical antioxidant pathway in plants, mitigating oxidative damage by detoxifying reactive oxygen species (ROS). Despite its significance, its role in tomatoes remains unexplored, limiting insights into its regulation. This study conducts a genome-wide analysis of AsA-GSH-associated genes in tomatoes, identifying 21 genes encoding ascorbate peroxidase (APX), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), dehydroascorbate reductase (DHAR), and glutathione reductase (GR) enzymes. These genes exhibit uneven exon-intron distribution and chromosomal localization. Collinearity analysis suggests purifying mutation in most genes, while segmental duplication is the dominant evolutionary mechanism. Promoter analysis reveals stress-responsive cis-elements, including MeJA, MYB, and APA, indicating regulation under environmental stresses. RNA-seq data show tissue-specific expression across roots, leaves, flower buds, and fruit development stages. qRT-PCR profiling highlights the dynamic regulation of 15 genes in tomato fruit under phytohormonal (MeJA, MeSA, ET, ABA), abiotic (cold, heat, physical injury), and biotic (B. cinerea) stresses. Protein-protein interaction analysis identifies SlDHAR1, SlGR1, and SlMDAR as key hub genes, while molecular docking confirms strong SlGR1-NADPH interactions. This study enhances understanding of the AsA-GSH cycle in tomatoes, offering valuable insights into antioxidant defense mechanisms during stress responses in this economically significant fruit.

抗坏血酸-谷胱甘肽（AsA-GSH）循环是植物中一个重要的抗氧化途径，通过解毒活性氧（ROS）来减轻氧化损伤。尽管它意义重大，但它在番茄中的作用仍未被探索，限制了对其调控的认识。本研究对番茄中asa - gsh相关基因进行全基因组分析，鉴定出21个编码抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、单脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（MDHAR）、脱氢抗坏血酸还原酶（DHAR）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）等酶的基因。这些基因表现出不均匀的外显子-内含子分布和染色体定位。共线性分析表明大多数基因存在纯化突变，而片段复制是主要的进化机制。启动子分析揭示了应激响应的顺式元件，包括MeJA、MYB和APA，表明在环境胁迫下的调控。RNA-seq数据显示了根、叶、花蕾和果实发育阶段的组织特异性表达。qRT-PCR分析了番茄果实中15个基因在植物激素（MeJA、MeSA、ET、ABA）、非生物（冷、热、物理伤害）和生物（B. cinerea）胁迫下的动态调控。蛋白-蛋白互作分析确定SlDHAR1、SlGR1和SlMDAR为关键枢纽基因，分子对接证实SlGR1- nadph有强互作作用。这项研究增强了对西红柿中AsA-GSH循环的理解，为这种经济上重要的水果在应激反应中的抗氧化防御机制提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of Clade A PP2C family in poplar unveils PtrPP2C-9 as a negative regulator of osmotic stress tolerance through ABF3/GBF3 network 杨树A枝PP2C家族的综合分析揭示PtrPP2C-9通过ABF3/GBF3网络作为渗透胁迫耐受的负调控因子

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112977

Yuan Zhang , Rui-Quan Wang , Xin-Yi Wang , Shu-Ying Wei, Hao Li, Shuang-Lian Deng, Jia-Hui Liu, Ting Wang, Liang-Hua Chen, Fang He

Members of the clade A protein phosphatase 2 C (PP2C) family serve as critical negative regulators of abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathways and mediate plant adaptation to abiotic stresses. However, systematic genome-wide characterization of clade A PP2C members in Populus trichocarpa remains limited. In this study, we identified 16 clade A PtrPP2C genes through a comprehensive genome-wide analysis. Additionally, their evolutionary relationships, cis-acting elements, and expression patterns were investigated. Phylogenetic reconstruction revealed significant evolutionary conservation of the poplar clade A PtrPP2Cs with Arabidopsis homologs. Moreover, promoter analysis identified abundant ABA-responsive elements (ABREs) and stress-related elements, suggesting conserved regulatory mechanisms in stress adaptation. Transcriptomic profiling demonstrated that most of clade A PtrPP2Cs exhibited significant upregulation under both drought stress and ABA treatment, with PtrPP2C-9 as a representative example. Additionally, functional validation through osmotic stress assays using mannitol revealed that PtrPP2C-9-overexpressing (PtrPP2C-9-OE) transgenic plants displayed enhanced sensitivity to osmotic stress compared to wild-type controls, as evidenced by reduced root elongation and compromised stress tolerance. Furthermore, PtrPP2C-9 may influence poplar tolerance to drought stress by mediating a transcriptional regulatory network centered on ABF3 and GBF3. This study provides the first systematic investigation of clade A PP2Cs in poplar, establishing their critical roles in osmotic stress responses and offering potential molecular targets for improving stress resilience in woody plants.

A枝蛋白磷酸酶2C （PP2C）家族成员是脱落酸（ABA）信号通路的关键负调控因子，并介导植物对非生物胁迫的适应。然而，对毛杨A枝PP2C成员的系统全基因组表征仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们通过全面的全基因组分析鉴定了16个进化支A的PtrPP2C基因。此外，还研究了它们的进化关系、顺式作用元件和表达模式。系统发育重建显示，杨树进化枝A ptrpp2c与拟南芥同源物具有显著的进化保守性。此外，启动子分析还发现了丰富的aba响应元件（ABREs）和应激相关元件，提示应激适应的保守调控机制。转录组学分析表明，在干旱胁迫和ABA处理下，A支系大部分ptrpp2c均表现出显著上调，其中以PtrPP2C-9为代表。此外，通过使用甘露醇进行渗透胁迫试验的功能验证表明，与野生型对照相比，过表达ptrpp2c -9 （PtrPP2C-9-OE）的转基因植株对渗透胁迫的敏感性增强，表现为根系伸长减少和抗逆性降低。此外，PtrPP2C-9可能通过介导以ABF3和GBF3为中心的转录调控网络影响杨树对干旱胁迫的耐受性。本研究首次对杨树A枝pp2c进行了系统的研究，确定了它们在渗透胁迫响应中的关键作用，并为提高木本植物的抗逆能力提供了潜在的分子靶点。

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引用次数: 0

The molecular regulation of rice grain size: Pathways and prospects for precision breeding 水稻粒度的分子调控：精准育种的途径与展望。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112882

Waseem Abbas, Leyao Xu, Yixiu Zhu

Rice grain size is a pivotal agronomic trait that directly influences yield and quality, making it a prime target for breeding programs aimed at ensuring global food security. This review systematically synthesizes current knowledge on the molecular and genetic mechanisms governing grain size regulation in rice, focusing on key pathways such as G-protein signaling, MAPK cascades, ubiquitin-proteasome systems, and transcriptional regulation, as well as phytohormone networks (brassinosteroids, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin), and epigenetic-mediated signaling. We highlight the roles of major quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and genes in modulating cell proliferation and expansion during grain development. Emerging technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 based genome editing and multi-omics approaches are discussed as powerful tools for dissecting these complex regulatory networks and accelerating precision breeding. By integrating fundamental discoveries with applied strategies, this review provides insights into optimizing grain size to enhance both yield and quality, and addressing key challenges in future molecular breeding efforts.

稻米粒度是直接影响产量和质量的关键农艺性状，是旨在确保全球粮食安全的育种计划的主要目标。本文系统地综合了目前关于水稻晶粒大小调控的分子和遗传机制的知识，重点介绍了g蛋白信号传导、MAPK级联、泛素-蛋白酶体系统和转录调控等关键途径，以及植物激素网络（油菜素类固醇、生长素、细胞分裂素和赤霉素）和表观遗传介导的信号传导。我们强调了主要数量性状位点（qtl）和基因在谷物发育过程中调节细胞增殖和扩增的作用。新兴技术，如基于CRISPR/Cas9的基因组编辑和多组学方法，作为剖析这些复杂的调控网络和加速精确育种的有力工具进行了讨论。通过将基础发现与应用策略相结合，本综述为优化晶粒尺寸以提高产量和质量提供了见解，并解决了未来分子育种工作中的关键挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Deciphering serotonin's functional role in postharvest: Fruit-specific preservation of red fruit quality. 解读血清素在采后的功能作用：红果品质的水果特异性保存。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113003

Alba Arabia, Paula Muñoz, Sofía Álvarez-Real, Sergi Munné-Bosch

Serotonin is a widely conserved signaling molecule essential for plant development and stress responses, but its role in fruit postharvest physiology remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 100 μM exogenous serotonin on delaying deterioration and preserving fruit quality in highly perishable fruits, including strawberries, blueberries, raspberries, and sweet cherries, stored at room temperature. Results showed that serotonin reduced decay incidence and severity in strawberries and blueberries by 40% at half-storage. In strawberries, serotonin also contributed to maintaining fruit color, while in blueberries it notably reduced weight loss. This delay in postharvest deterioration was associated with elevated endogenous serotonin levels and fruit-specific modulation of stress-related hormones, increasing jasmonic acid and salicylic acid in strawberries and blueberries, respectively, rather than melatonin, its downstream metabolite. By contrast, exogenous serotonin had a more limited effect on the other fruits. In raspberries, serotonin had a smaller effect on decay but still improved fruit quality by enhancing anthocyanin content, whereas in sweet cherries it did not reduce decay or improve quality parameters, and hormonal balance remained largely unchanged in both fruits. Altogether, these findings provide the first evidence that serotonin can act as a selective modulator of postharvest responses in berries, highlighting its potential for targeted, fruit-specific strategies to improve shelf life and quality.

5 -羟色胺是一种广泛保守的信号分子，对植物发育和逆境反应至关重要，但其在水果采后生理中的作用仍未得到充分研究。本研究旨在评估100μM外源性血清素对室温储存的高易腐水果（包括草莓、蓝莓、覆盆子和甜樱桃）延缓变质和保持果实品质的影响。结果表明，在半贮藏条件下，血清素使草莓和蓝莓的腐烂发生率和严重程度降低了40%。在草莓中，血清素也有助于保持水果的颜色，而在蓝莓中，血清素明显有助于减肥。这种采后变质的延迟与内源性血清素水平升高和水果特有的应激相关激素调节有关，分别增加了草莓和蓝莓中的茉莉酸和水杨酸，而不是褪黑素，褪黑素是其下游代谢产物。相比之下，外源性血清素对其他水果的影响更有限。在覆盆子中，血清素对腐烂的影响较小，但仍然通过提高花青素含量来改善果实质量，而在甜樱桃中，血清素没有减少腐烂或改善质量参数，两种水果的激素平衡基本保持不变。总之，这些发现提供了第一个证据，证明血清素可以作为浆果采后反应的选择性调节剂，突出了它在提高保质期和质量的有针对性的水果特定策略方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

BcbHLH67 modulates stalk development in flowering Chinese cabbage through transcriptional regulation of gibberellin signaling components BcbHLH67通过转录调控赤霉素信号组分调控开花白菜茎秆发育。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112937

Siqi He , Xinqing Zhao , Aneesa Gul , Mei Zhou , Kehang Chen , Yingyi Lao , Cheng Zhang , Yudan Wang

The timing of bolting and flowering are critical agronomic factor, influenced by important genes that affect the yield and quality of flowering Chinese cabbage. This study found 126 BcbHLH genes spread across 10 chromosomes in the flowering Chinese cabbage genome. Based on their evolutionary relationships, these genes were grouped into eleven separate subfamilies. Expression profiling showed that clusters 8, 9, and 10 were strongly expressed during floral bud development, while clusters 1, 2, and 6 were upregulated at bolting. In particular, during bolting, BcbHLH67 (cluster 2) showed the highest expression level. Additionally, its expression was significantly enhanced by GA treatment. Silencing BcbHLH67 delayed bolting and flowering by suppressing the expression of BcXTH3 and BcFT. Protein interaction assays revealed that BcbHLH67 directly interacts with the GA signaling repressors BcRGA1 and BcRGL1. Consistent with these observations, dual-luciferase reporter assays revealed that BcbHLH67 activates the promoters of both BcXTH3 and BcFT. Notably, BcRGA1 specifically antagonizes the BcbHLH67-mediated activation of BcXTH3, whereas BcRGL1 targets and suppresses the BcbHLH67-dependent activation of BcFT. Our findings establish BcbHLH67 as a key regulator of bolting and flowering, integrating transcriptional control of BcXTH3 and BcFT with GA signal transduction. This work identifies potential molecular targets for improving bolting control in flowering Chinese cabbage and related crops.

抽苔和开花时间是影响开花大白菜产量和品质的重要基因，是重要的农艺因素。这项研究发现126个BcbHLH基因分布在开花白菜基因组的10条染色体上。根据它们的进化关系，这些基因被分成11个独立的亚家族。表达谱分析表明，8、9和10簇在花芽发育过程中表达强烈，而1、2和6簇在抽苔过程中表达上调。特别是在抽苔过程中，BcbHLH67（簇2）的表达量最高。此外，GA处理显著增强了其表达。沉默BcbHLH67通过抑制BcXTH3和BcFT的表达延迟抽苔和开花。蛋白相互作用实验显示BcbHLH67直接与GA信号抑制因子BcRGA1和BcRGL1相互作用。与这些观察结果一致，双荧光素酶报告基因分析显示BcbHLH67激活BcXTH3和BcFT的启动子。值得注意的是，BcRGA1特异性地拮抗bcbhlh67介导的BcXTH3的激活，而BcRGL1靶向并抑制bcbhlh67依赖性的BcFT的激活。我们的研究结果表明BcbHLH67是抽苔和开花的关键调控因子，将BcXTH3和BcFT的转录控制与GA信号转导结合起来。本研究为改善开花大白菜及相关作物的抽苔防治提供了潜在的分子靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Exogenous CaCl2 enhanced adventitious root formation in Cucumis sativus L. under cadmium stress through protein S-nitrosylation 外源CaCl2通过蛋白质s -亚硝基化促进镉胁迫下黄瓜不定根的形成

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112905

Lijuan Niu , Yanshuo Zhao , Qian Wang, Shanmei Pu, Jian Yu

Cadmium (Cd) stress severely hinders plant growth and development. Calcium ion (Ca^2 +) and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in plant growth processes and stress responses. However, their crosstalk in adventitious rooting under Cd stress remains unclear. In this study, the effect of Ca²⁺ on enhancing the adventitious root development of cucumber under Cd condition was dose-dependent, with a maximal biological response at 200 μM CaCl₂. Moreover, Ca²⁺ chelator obviously reversed the positive influence of Ca²⁺ on promoting adventitious rooting under Cd stress, which indicates that Ca²⁺ is indispensable for the adventitious rooting under Cd stress. Meanwhile, removing endogenous NO significantly reversed Ca²⁺-induced root promotion under Cd stress. Furthermore, exogenous Ca²⁺ significantly increased endogenous NO production and total S-nitrosothiol (SNO) level under Cd stress implies that S-nitrosylation might be involved in Ca²⁺-induced adventitious root formation under Cd stress. To further investigate whether S-nitrosylation is key molecular switch of Ca²⁺-induced adventitious rooting under Cd stress, the potential S-nitrosylated proteins have been identified. An increase in the total S-nitrosylated proteins was detected under CaCl₂ treatment. Nevertheless, Ca²⁺ chelator significantly reduced the level of Ca²⁺-induced protein S-nitrosylation under Cd stress. A total of 117 S-nitrosylated proteins have been identified which mainly enriched in various biological processes, such as oxidation-reduction process, metabolic process, glycolytic process and so on. Additionally, denitrosylation agent treatment obviously decreased the activities of key enzymes during adventitious rooting under stress condition. These results suggest that Ca²⁺-induced S-nitrosylation of key proteins might participate in various pathways through differential S-nitrosylation during adventitious rooting under Cd stress. In summary, Ca²⁺ could promote the adventitious rooting under Cd stress by NO-dependent S-nitrosylation.

镉胁迫严重影响植物的生长发育。钙离子（Ca2 +）和一氧化氮（NO）参与植物生长过程和胁迫反应。然而，它们在Cd胁迫下不定根中的串扰尚不清楚。在本研究中，Ca2+对Cd条件下黄瓜不定根发育的促进作用是剂量依赖性的，在200 μM CaCl2时生物响应最大。Ca2+螯合剂明显逆转了Ca2+促进Cd胁迫下不定根的正向作用，说明Ca2+对Cd胁迫下的不定根是不可或缺的。同时，去除内源NO可显著逆转Ca 2 +在Cd胁迫下诱导的根促进作用。此外，在Cd胁迫下，外源Ca2+显著增加了内源NO产量和总s -亚硝基化（SNO）水平，表明在Cd胁迫下，s -亚硝基化可能参与了Ca2+诱导的不定根形成。为了进一步研究s -亚硝基化是否是Cd胁迫下Ca2+诱导不定根的关键分子开关，我们鉴定了潜在的s -亚硝基化蛋白。在CaCl2处理下，s -亚硝基化蛋白总数增加。然而，Ca2+螯合剂显著降低了Cd胁迫下Ca2+诱导的蛋白质s -亚硝基化水平。共鉴定出117种s -亚硝基化蛋白，主要富集于氧化还原过程、代谢过程、糖酵解过程等多种生物过程中。此外，脱硝基化剂处理明显降低了胁迫条件下不定根过程中关键酶的活性。这些结果表明，Ca2+诱导的关键蛋白s -亚硝基化可能通过不同的s -亚硝基化参与了Cd胁迫下不定根过程中的多种途径。综上所述，Ca2+可以通过no依赖性s -亚硝基化促进Cd胁迫下的不定根。

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引用次数: 0

Potato transcription factor StMYB19 enhances drought tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis and JA signalling pathway 马铃薯转录因子StMYB19通过调控ROS稳态和JA信号通路增强抗旱性

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113006

Xiaoxiao Wang , Haotian Liu , Han Wei , Kaitong Wang , Ning Zhang , Huaijun Si

The MYB transcription factor family plays important regulatory roles in plant growth and development. In this study, a investigation was conducted to elucidate R1-MYB transcription factor StMYB19 biological function in drought stress response. The tissue-specific expression analysis of the gene revealed that StMYB19 expression differed in various organs of potato variety ‘Atlantic’, with the highest expression in tubers. StMYB19 was genetically modified in ‘Atlantic’ to obtain overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) lines. Phenotypic analysis of the StMYB19 overexpression and suppression lines before and after drought treatment revealed that the drought symptoms were relatively mild in the overexpression lines, whereas growth inhibition and leaf wilting were more pronounced in the suppressed expression lines. Further physiological analysis revealed that after drought treatment, the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD significantly increased in StMYB19-overexpressing lines, whereas the contents of H₂O₂ and MDA were relatively decreased, indicating that StMYB19 regulated the ROS dynamic balance. Meanwhile, the JA content increased significantly in the overexpression lines, suggesting that StMYB19 may enhance drought tolerance by regulating the JA pathway. StMYB19 binds to the MYB-binding motif ‘TAACCA’ in the promoter of the downstream gene StLOB4 and positively regulates its transcription. At the same time, it promotes the expression of StACX3 through protein interaction. Therefore, by activating these two key genes in the JA pathway, StMYB19 coordinates plant defense and growth under drought conditions. In summary, StMYB19 acts as an important transcription factor in the potato drought response by maintaining ROS homeostasis and activating the JA signaling pathway, thereby enhancing plant drought tolerance.

MYB转录因子家族在植物生长发育中起着重要的调控作用。本研究旨在阐明R1-MYB转录因子StMYB19在干旱胁迫响应中的生物学功能。对该基因的组织特异性表达分析显示，StMYB19在马铃薯品种“大西洋”的不同器官中表达不同，在块茎中表达最高。StMYB19在“Atlantic”中进行基因修饰，获得过表达和RNA干扰（RNAi）系。对StMYB19过表达系和抑制系干旱处理前后的表型分析表明，过表达系干旱症状相对较轻，而抑制表达系的生长抑制和叶片萎蔫更为明显。进一步的生理分析表明，干旱处理后，StMYB19过表达系的SOD、CAT和POD活性显著升高，而H2O2和MDA含量相对降低，表明StMYB19调节了ROS的动态平衡。同时，在过表达系中，JA含量显著增加，表明StMYB19可能通过调控JA通路增强耐旱性。StMYB19结合下游基因StLOB4启动子中myb结合基序“TAACCA”，并正向调节其转录。同时通过蛋白相互作用促进StACX3的表达。因此，通过激活JA通路中的这两个关键基因，StMYB19在干旱条件下协调植物的防御和生长。综上所述，StMYB19在马铃薯干旱响应中是一个重要的转录因子，通过维持ROS稳态，激活JA信号通路，从而增强植物的抗旱性。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-omics analysis of gibberellin-induced internode elongation in Apocynum pictum Schrenk and preliminary investigation into the potential role of WRKY40 赤霉素诱导罗布麻节间伸长的多组学分析及WRKY40潜在作用的初步研究。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112957

Minghao Zhou , Hui Tian , Miao Ma

This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying gibberellin (GA₃)-induced internode elongation in Apocynum pictum Schrenk. Through exogenous GA₃ application, transcriptome sequencing, phytohormone profiling, and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), we proposed an innovative three-tier regulatory framework encompassing "signal perception, network transduction, and coordinated response." The results demonstrated that exogenous GA₃ significantly promoted plant height and internode elongation by enhancing cell length rather than increasing cell number. Transcriptomic analysis identified 4321 differentially expressed genes, with KEGG and GO enrichment analyses revealing their significant involvement in plant metabolism, signal transduction, and cell wall organization processes. Hormonal profiling indicated that GA₃ dynamically regulated the metabolism and signaling pathways of multiple phytohormones, including auxin and cytokinin, by suppressing cytokinin biosynthesis and delaying auxin activation, thereby reprogramming hormonal homeostasis to drive cell elongation. WGCNA further identified a WRKY40-centered transcriptional regulatory network, which is postulated to mediate GA₃ responses, potentially by coordinating the expression of genes involved in auxin biosynthesis and cell wall remodeling genes while coordinating cross-talk among multiple hormone pathways. Concurrently, GA₃ optimized cell wall composition by upregulating lignin biosynthesis genes and repressing cellulose hydrolase genes. Additionally, it modulated the stability of key proteins through genes associated with protein turnover, collectively facilitating internode elongation. This study unveils a systematic regulatory mechanism governing GA₃-induced internode elongation in A. pictum, providing theoretical insights into phytohormone-mediated growth regulation and potential targets for crop architecture improvement.

本研究旨在阐明赤霉素（GA3）诱导罗布麻节间伸长的分子机制。通过外源GA3应用、转录组测序、植物激素谱分析和加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA），我们提出了一个创新的三层调控框架，包括“信号感知、网络转导和协调响应”。结果表明，外源GA3通过增加细胞长度而非增加细胞数量显著提高了植株高度和节间伸长。转录组学分析鉴定了4321个差异表达基因，KEGG和GO富集分析揭示了它们在植物代谢、信号转导和细胞壁组织过程中的重要作用。激素分析表明，GA3通过抑制细胞分裂素的生物合成和延缓生长素的激活，动态调节多种植物激素（包括生长素和细胞分裂素）的代谢和信号通路，从而重新编程激素稳态以驱动细胞伸长。WGCNA进一步发现了一个以wrky40为中心的转录调控网络，该网络可能通过协调生长素生物合成和细胞壁重塑基因的表达以及协调多种激素通路之间的串扰来介导GA3反应。同时，GA3通过上调木质素生物合成基因和抑制纤维素水解酶基因来优化细胞壁组成。此外，它通过与蛋白质周转相关的基因调节关键蛋白质的稳定性，共同促进节间伸长。本研究揭示了ga3诱导的黄花蒿节间伸长的系统调控机制，为植物激素介导的生长调控和作物结构改良的潜在靶点提供了理论见解。

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引用次数: 0