Plant Science最新文献_第3页

SsWOX13, a novel sugarcane WOX transcription factor, confers disease resistance via HR-mediated programmed cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana: Insights from a genome-wide survey SsWOX13是一种新的甘蔗WOX转录因子，通过hr介导的benthamiana程序性细胞死亡赋予疾病抗性：来自全基因组调查的见解。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113024

Farhan Goher , Faiza Shafique Khan , Shuo-Hang Zhang , Shengren Sun , Wei Zhang , Yinjie Cheng , Qinnan Wang

WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) transcription factors (TFs), which constitute a plant-specific homeodomain-containing family, play diverse roles in growth and development. However, their function in pathogen-induced stress responses remains largely unexplored. In this study, we identified 11 SsWOX family members in the sugarcane reference genome, which were classified into ancient, intermediate, and modern/WUSCHEL clades. Comparative analyses of motif composition, exon–intron organization, and cis-regulatory elements revealed conserved evolutionary relationships among SsWOX family genes. Expression profiling using RNA-seq and qRT-PCR during sugarcane–smut (Sporisorium scitamineum) interactions demonstrated distinct expression patterns of several SsWOX genes, with SsWOX13 showing robust induction, indicating its potential role in smut resistance. Transient overexpression of SsWOX13 in Nicotiana benthamiana led to hypersensitive response (HR)-associated programmed cell death, evidenced by elevated electrolyte leakage, increased reactive oxygen species accumulation, and upregulation of HR- and defense-related genes. Furthermore, transcriptional self-activation assays confirmed that SsWOX13 possesses transcriptional activation activity, functioning as a TF in sugarcane. Collectively, these results expand our understanding of sugarcane WOX TFs and indicate that sugarcane WOX13 positively regulates HR-mediated immunity.

wuschell -related homeobox （WOX）转录因子（TFs）是植物特异性同源域家族，在植物生长发育过程中发挥着多种作用。然而，它们在病原体诱导的应激反应中的功能在很大程度上仍未被探索。本研究在甘蔗参考基因组中鉴定了11个SsWOX家族成员，将其分为古代、中间和现代/WUSCHEL进化支。基序组成、外显子-内含子组织和顺式调控元件的比较分析揭示了SsWOX家族基因之间的保守进化关系。利用RNA-seq和qRT-PCR对甘蔗与黑穗病菌相互作用过程中的表达谱进行分析，发现几种SsWOX13基因具有不同的表达模式，其中SsWOX13表现出强大的诱导作用，表明其在抗黑穗病中的潜在作用。SsWOX13在benthamiana中的短暂过表达可导致超敏反应（hypersensitive response， HR）相关的程序性细胞死亡，其表现为电解质泄漏升高、活性氧积累增加以及HR和防御相关基因的上调。此外，转录自激活实验证实，SsWOX13具有转录激活活性，在甘蔗中发挥TF的作用。总的来说，这些结果扩大了我们对甘蔗WOX TFs的认识，并表明甘蔗WOX13正调控hr介导的免疫。

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引用次数: 0

StMYB3 controls anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato via its dual regulatory role on StAN2 StMYB3通过对StAN2的双重调控作用控制马铃薯花青素的生物合成。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113052

Shuwen Wang , Yalan Ye , Xurui Yang , Fanbin Nie , Jianke Dong , Jianhua Zhou , Xijuan Zhao , Botao Song , Huiling Zhang

Anthocyanins are a class of water-soluble flavonoid pigments that play crucial roles in plant physiology and human health. Their biosynthesis is regulated by the MYB-bHLH-WD40 transcriptional complex, in which MYB transcription factors serve as the key determinants. However, the function of repressor-type MYBs in tuber crops such as potato remains poorly understood. Here we show that the R2R3-MYB transcription factor StMYB3 acts as a repressor of anthocyanin biosynthesis in potato. Transient-expression assays revealed that co-expression of StMYB3 with StAN2 (an R2R3 MYB activator) markedly reduced anthocyanin accumulation in leaves, and tuber skins of StMYB3-over-expressing lines exhibited a significant decrease in anthocyanin content. Mechanistic analyses demonstrate that both StMYB3 and StAN2 interact with StAN1 (an anthocyanin related bHLH). StMYB3 not only suppresses the StAN2-mediated transcriptional activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (StCHS, StF3H, StF3'5'H, and StGST) but also directly represses the promoter activity of bHLH transcription factor StAN1. Moreover, StMYB3 and StAN2 form a mutually reinforcing positive-feedback loop at the transcriptional level. These results uncovers a StMYB3-StAN1-StAN2 regulatory module whose dynamics, driven by competition and bidirectional feedback, precisely control anthocyanin accumulation. This finding provides a reference for breeding potatoes with high anthocyanin content.

花青素是一类水溶性类黄酮色素，在植物生理和人体健康中起着重要作用。它们的生物合成受MYB- bhlh - wd40转录复合体调控，其中MYB转录因子是关键的决定因素。然而，抑制型MYBs在薯类作物（如马铃薯）中的功能仍然知之甚少。本研究表明，R2R3-MYB转录因子StMYB3是马铃薯花青素生物合成的抑制因子。瞬时表达实验显示，StMYB3与R2R3 MYB激活剂StAN2的共表达显著降低了叶片中花青素的积累，过表达StMYB3的品系块茎皮中花青素含量显著降低。机制分析表明StMYB3和StAN2都与StAN1（花青素相关bHLH）相互作用。StMYB3不仅能抑制stan2介导的花青素生物合成基因（StCHS、StF3H、StF3’5’h、StGST）的转录激活，还能直接抑制bHLH转录因子StAN1的启动子活性。此外，StMYB3和StAN2在转录水平上形成了一个相互加强的正反馈回路。这些结果揭示了一个StMYB3-StAN1-StAN2调控模块，其动态在竞争和双向反馈的驱动下精确控制花青素的积累。这一发现为选育花青素含量高的马铃薯提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0

A single nucleotide deletion in CsSCP4 disrupts brassinosteroid biosynthesis and confers a super compact phenotype in cucumber CsSCP4的单核苷酸缺失破坏了油菜素内酯的生物合成，并赋予黄瓜超紧凑的表型。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113050

Qiming Hu , Hamza Sohail , Yuanyuan Bian , BingKun Yang , Xiaodong Yang , Xuehao Chen , Xiaohua Qi , Xuewen Xu

Dwarf mutants in higher plants serve as ideal models for studying the mechanisms underlying stem elongation and plant development. Moreover, the compact stature of dwarf plants renders them advantageous for high-density planting and mechanized harvesting. In this study, we identified a naturally occurring super-compact cucumber mutant, designated scp159. Due to reduced cell elongation, scp159 exhibits an extremely compact plant morphology. Using bulk segregant analysis coupled with whole-genome sequencing and fine genetic mapping, we narrowed down the scp-4 locus to a 67.6 kb region on chromosome 6. Through resequencing and molecular cloning, CsSCP4 was identified as a candidate gene underlying the scp-4 locus, which encodes 3-epi-6-deoxocathasterone 23-monooxygenase CYP90C1, a key enzyme involved in brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis. Compared to the wild-type YZ205A, the scp159 mutant harbors a single-base deletion (adenine) within the fourth exon region of the CsSCP4. Measurements of endogenous hormone levels confirmed a significant reduction in BR levels in scp159 mutants. Exogenous application of brassinolide at a concentration of 0.2 mg/L effectively alleviated the super-compact phenotype. Silencing of the CsSCP4 gene in cucumber plants resulted in reduced plant height. Comparative transcriptomic analysis further revealed significant downregulation of positive regulators of the BR signaling pathway, such as BAK1 and BSK, and marked upregulation of the negative regulator BKI1 in the scp159 mutant. Furthermore, differential expression was observed in genes associated with auxin and gibberellin biosynthesis and signaling pathways. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the CsSCP4 gene plays a crucial role in BR biosynthesis, thus significantly influencing cucumber plant growth and development.

高等植物矮秆突变体是研究植物茎秆伸长和发育机制的理想模型。此外，矮秆植物的紧凑身材使它们有利于高密度种植和机械化收获。在这项研究中，我们鉴定了一种自然发生的超紧凑黄瓜突变体，命名为scp159。由于细胞伸长减少，scp159表现出极其紧凑的植物形态。通过大量分离分析、全基因组测序和精细遗传定位，我们将scp-4基因座缩小到6号染色体上67.6kb的区域。通过重测序和分子克隆，CsSCP4被确定为scp-4位点的候选基因，该位点编码3-epi-6-去氧卡萨酮23-单加氧酶CYP90C1，这是油菜素内酯（BR）生物合成的关键酶。与野生型YZ205A相比，scp159突变体在CsSCP4的第四个外显子区域存在一个单碱基缺失（腺嘌呤）。内源性激素水平的测量证实了scp159突变体中BR水平的显著降低。外源施用0.2mg/L油菜素内酯能有效缓解植株的超致密表型。黄瓜CsSCP4基因的沉默导致植株高度降低。比较转录组学分析进一步揭示了scp159突变体中BR信号通路的正调控因子BAK1和BSK的显著下调，而负调控因子BKI1的显著上调。此外，在与生长素和赤霉素生物合成和信号通路相关的基因中也观察到差异表达。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明，CsSCP4基因在BR生物合成中起着至关重要的作用，从而显著影响黄瓜植株的生长发育。

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引用次数: 0

Construction of Kongyu 131 mutant library provides genetic resources for rice functional genomics and germplasm improvement 空育131突变文库的构建为水稻功能基因组学和种质改良提供遗传资源

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113016

Tingting Xu , Qun Yang , Ran Li , Jianping Wang , Zhishan Luo , Daoyong Gong , Leihao Weng , Xiaoshan Huang , Debao Fu , Jing Li

Kongyu 131 (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica) is an elite rice cultivar widely planted in Heilongjiang Province, China. Here, we subjected Kongyu 131 to ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)-induced mutagenesis to establish a genome-wide mutant library. On this basis, we generated 8770 M2 lines, and systematically screened 2215 lines with 42 distinct phenotypic variations across all developmental stages. Then, we employed a three-dimensional (3D) pooling strategy to combine 6144 M3 DNA samples into 224 multiplexed pools. By using the TILLING-seq (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes sequencing) approach, we identified 84 mutants across five key genes (GS3, Pi21, CSA, OsRR22, and OsaTRZ2), and validated their allelic variations. Phenotypic screening generated 18 lines with superior plant architecture, including a novel OsSPL14 allele identified via MutMap+ analysis. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of three M2 lines and TILLING-seq of mutants of the five key genes demonstrated a high mutation density (1 mutation per 121–288 kb). This 3D-pooled and genome-saturated EMS mutant library represents a robust resource for advancing functional genomic studies and precision breeding in rice.

空玉131 （Oryza sativa ssp）粳稻（japonica）是中国黑龙江省广泛种植的优良水稻品种。在此，我们对空玉131进行了甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）诱变，建立了全基因组突变文库。在此基础上，我们获得了8770个M2株系，并系统筛选了2215个株系，在所有发育阶段有42个不同的表型变异。然后，我们采用三维（3D）池策略将6144 M3 DNA样本组合到224个多路池中。通过TILLING-seq （Targeting Induced Local lesion in Genomes sequencing）方法，我们鉴定了5个关键基因（GS3、Pi21、CSA、OsRR22和OsaTRZ2）中的84个突变体，并验证了它们的等位基因变异。表型筛选产生了18个具有优良植株结构的株系，其中包括一个通过MutMap+分析鉴定出的新的OsSPL14等位基因。3个M2系的全基因组测序和5个关键基因突变体的tillling -seq结果显示，突变密度较高（每121-288kb有1个突变）。这个3d池和基因组饱和的EMS突变文库为推进水稻功能基因组研究和精确育种提供了强大的资源。

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引用次数: 0

An AT-hook motif nuclear protein AHL13 interacts with Poly(ADP-ribose) to regulate Arabidopsis immunity AT-hook基序核蛋白AHL13与Poly（adp -核糖）相互作用调节拟南芥免疫。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113021

Jia Liu , Zhuo Chen , Ling Sun , Tingyan Huang , Yu Chen , Xiaohui Li , Hu Liu , Xinyi Huang , Yan Peng , Baomin Feng

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation or PARylation is required for immune transcription and defense against microbes in plants. However, the mechanisms underlying the PARylation-mediated transcriptional regulation are largely unknown. In this study, an AT-hook motif nuclear localized transcription factor, AHL13, was identified as an interactor of poly (ADP-ribose), the polymer products of PARylation. The knock-out and over-expression experiments suggest that AHL13 functions as a negative regulator of Arabidopsis immunity. RNA seq results showed that a group of defense-related genes were repressed by AHL13 upon bacterial infection. AHL13 could directly bind to the AT-rich sequences in the promoters of the target genes in the EMSA and MST assays. The PAR polymers directly interact with AHL13 with high affinity and significantly suppress its interaction with the AT-rich DNA, suggesting that PARylation might promote immune transcription through a repressor-repelling mechanism. In summary, this study revealed that the PAR-AHL13 interaction plays significant roles in immune gene expression in Arabidopsis.

Poly（adp -核糖基）化或PARylation是植物免疫转录和防御微生物所必需的。然而，parylation介导的转录调控机制在很大程度上是未知的。在这项研究中，一个AT-hook基序核定位转录因子AHL13被鉴定为聚磷酸基化的聚合物产物poly （adp -核糖）的相互作用因子。敲除和过表达实验表明，AHL13是拟南芥免疫的负调控因子。RNA测序结果显示，在细菌感染时，一组防御相关基因被AHL13抑制。在EMSA和MST实验中，AHL13可以直接结合靶基因启动子中富含at的序列。PAR聚合物直接与AHL13高亲和力相互作用，并显著抑制其与富含at的DNA的相互作用，提示PARylation可能通过抑制因子排斥机制促进免疫转录。综上所述，本研究揭示了PAR-AHL13相互作用在拟南芥免疫基因表达中发挥重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanisms of Trichoderma-induced plant immunity: An RNA-epigenetic perspective 木霉诱导的植物免疫机制：rna -表观遗传学视角。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113030

Yifan Dong , Golam Jalal Ahammed

Root-associated beneficial microbes can enhance plant resistance at the systemic level without triggering constitutive defense activation, yet how such durable and low-cost immune states are established remains poorly understood. Plant-Trichoderma spp. mutualism represents a well-characterized model of beneficial plant-microbe interactions in which induced resistance is maintained despite the absence of sustained transcriptional defense outputs. Accumulating evidence implicates small RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as central regulators of immune priming during Trichoderma-plant interactions. Such RNA-mediated processes shape defense responsiveness, hormonal sensitivity, and chromatin-associated regulation. In parallel, epigenetic modifications have been linked to the persistence and reversibility of primed immune states. However, these regulatory layers are often examined separately, limiting mechanistic understanding of how immune states are both stabilized and flexibly reprogrammed. In this conceptual review, we synthesize recent advances to examine Trichoderma-induced systemic immunity through an integrated RNA-epigenetic perspective. By viewing RNA-mediated regulation and epigenetic modification as components of a functional continuum, we illustrate how immune priorities defined by small RNAs can be consolidated into chromatin states that preserve inducibility without imposing constitutive costs. This framework provides a coherent explanation for how Trichoderma-induced immunity is organized across molecular layers in plants.

与根相关的有益微生物可以在系统水平上增强植物的抗性，而不触发构成性防御激活，然而这种持久和低成本的免疫状态是如何建立的，人们仍然知之甚少。植物-木霉共生是植物-微生物相互作用的一个很好的特征模型，尽管缺乏持续的转录防御输出，但诱导的抗性仍然维持。越来越多的证据表明，小rna，包括微小rna （miRNAs）、小干扰rna （sirna）和长链非编码rna (lncRNAs)，是木霉与植物相互作用中免疫启动的主要调节因子。这种rna介导的过程形成了防御反应、激素敏感性和染色质相关的调节。与此同时，表观遗传修饰与启动免疫状态的持久性和可逆性有关。然而，这些调节层通常是单独研究的，限制了对免疫状态如何稳定和灵活重编程的机制理解。在这一概念综述中，我们综合了从rna -表观遗传学的角度研究木霉诱导的全身免疫的最新进展。通过将rna介导的调控和表观遗传修饰视为功能连续体的组成部分，我们说明了由小rna定义的免疫优先级如何被整合到染色质状态中，从而在不施加构成成本的情况下保持诱导性。这一框架为木霉诱导的免疫是如何跨分子层在植物中组织提供了一个连贯的解释。

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引用次数: 0

JsMYB170 modulates flavonols biosynthesis through facilitation of JsFLS1/5 expression in pellicle of Juglans sigillata Dode JsMYB170通过促进JsFLS1/5在核桃皮膜上的表达来调节黄酮醇的生物合成。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113032

Tiantian Fei , Chunxiang Li , Na Wang , Wen’e Zhang , Xuejun Pan

J. sigillata produces abundant flavonols such as rutin and myricetin in pellicle, which provide various benefits to human health. However, the transcriptional regulation of flavonols biosynthesis in pellicle of J. sigillata remains unclear. Our study showed that the JsMYB170 is a transcriptional activator involved in the biosynthesis of flavonols in J. sigillata. In the pellicle of J. sigillata, the transient silencing of the JsMYB170 gene can significantly reduce its expression level, as well as the expression of JsFLS1/5 and the accumulation of flavonols such as rutin, myricetin, quercetin and kaempferol. In contrast, the transient over-expression of JsMYB170 can significantly increase the content of flavonols in the pellicle. Similarly, qRT-PCR detection in mature fruits of JsMYB170 over-expressing transgenic T₃ generation tomato showed that, the expression levels of JsMYB170 and SlFLS also significantly increased. At the same time, HPLC analysis showed that the content of flavonols also significantly increased. Through DAP-seq, 25 downstream target genes of JsMYB170 were screened out. The dual luciferase assay conducted on tobacco leaves and the subsequent yeast one-hybrid assay both indicated that JsMYB170 can positively regulate the transcriptional expression of JsFLS1/5 by binding to the AC element of the promoter. As a key enzyme gene for flavonol synthesis, the same transient expression of JsFLS1/5 also showed that JsFLS1/5 could positively regulate the accumulation of flavonols in pellicle of walnut. These research results provide new insights into the molecular regulatory pathways of functional substance flavonols accumulation on walnut pellicle.

木犀草的外膜中含有丰富的芦丁、杨梅素等黄酮醇，对人体健康有多种益处。然而，黄酮类醇类化合物在木质素膜中的生物合成的转录调控机制尚不清楚。我们的研究表明JsMYB170是一个转录激活因子，参与了木参黄酮醇的生物合成。JsMYB170基因的短暂沉默可以显著降低其在水仙桃细胞膜中的表达水平，同时也会降低JsFLS1/5的表达和芦丁、杨梅素、槲皮素、山奈酚等黄酮醇的积累。相比之下，短暂过表达JsMYB170可以显著提高黄酮类化合物的含量。同样，在过表达JsMYB170转基因T3代番茄成熟果实中，qRT-PCR检测显示，JsMYB170和SlFLS的表达水平也显著升高。同时，HPLC分析表明，黄酮醇含量也显著升高。通过DAP-seq，筛选出JsMYB170的25个下游靶基因。在烟草叶片上进行的双荧光素酶实验和随后的酵母单杂交实验均表明，JsMYB170可以通过结合启动子AC元件正向调节JsFLS1/5的转录表达。JsFLS1/5作为黄酮醇合成的关键酶基因，同样的瞬时表达也表明JsFLS1/5可以正向调节核桃皮膜中黄酮醇的积累。这些研究结果为核桃功能物质黄酮醇积累的分子调控途径提供了新的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Polyploidization disrupts drought response and epigenetic patterns in the desert wild potato species Solanum kurtzianum 沙漠野生马铃薯的多倍体化破坏了干旱响应和表观遗传模式。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113017

Damián N. Jerez , Carina V. González , Perla C. Kozub , Verónica N. Ibañez , Federico Berli , Ricardo W. Masuelli , Carlos F. Marfil

Polyploidy, the possession of more than two sets of chromosomes in a cell, is often linked to enhanced adaptability and stress resilience in plants, though it may introduce genomic instability and fitness costs. Here, we examined the interplay between ploidy level and epigenetic responses to drought stress in Solanum kurtzianum, a drought-tolerant wild relative of potato. We subjected diploid and newly oryzalin-induced autotetraploid lines to three different watering regimes and assessed their morphological, physiological, biochemical, and epigenetic responses. Diploids consistently outperformed autotetraploids in drought tolerance and tuber yield under moderate water stress, exhibiting lower stomatal conductance, yet maintaining comparable photochemical efficiency. Epigenetic analyses revealed significant interplay between the ploidy level and drought conditions on methylation patterns, with autotetraploids displaying higher methylation variability and greater genomic instability under severe drought. These findings are consistent with the predominance of diploid wild potatoes in arid regions and suggest that genomic instability caused by polyploidy may compromise drought resilience. The study emphasizes the adaptive potential of diploid wild potatoes in arid environments and the role of epigenetic mechanisms in stress responses. Our results have implications for potato breeding strategies, highlighting the potential of diploids for developing drought-resilient cultivars to cope with climate change challenges.

多倍体，即在一个细胞中拥有两组以上的染色体，通常与植物增强的适应性和抗逆性有关，尽管它可能会带来基因组的不稳定性和适应性成本。本研究研究了马铃薯的耐旱野生亲缘植物茄（Solanum kurtzianum）的倍性水平与表观遗传对干旱胁迫的反应之间的相互作用。我们将二倍体和新稻杂素诱导的同源四倍体系置于三种不同的浇水制度下，并评估了它们的形态、生理、生化和表观遗传反应。在中等水分胁迫下，二倍体在抗旱性和块茎产量方面始终优于同源四倍体，表现出较低的气孔导度，但保持相当的光化学效率。表观遗传分析显示，倍性水平和干旱条件对甲基化模式有显著的相互作用，同源四倍体在严重干旱条件下表现出更高的甲基化变异性和更大的基因组不稳定性。这些发现与二倍体野生马铃薯在干旱地区的优势一致，表明多倍体引起的基因组不稳定性可能会损害抗旱能力。本研究强调了二倍体野生马铃薯在干旱环境中的适应潜力以及表观遗传机制在逆境响应中的作用。我们的研究结果对马铃薯育种策略具有启示意义，突出了二倍体在开发抗旱品种以应对气候变化挑战方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Jasmonic acid affects epidermal cell fate determination via influencing cell cycle related gene expression in mangrove Avicennia marina 茉莉酸通过影响红树细胞周期相关基因的表达影响表皮细胞命运的决定。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113019

Xingyue Hong , Hanchen Tang , Hezi Huang , Mingyue Wei , Mengqi Wu , Zhaoyu Guo , Jiakun Liu , Lihan Zhuang , Ling Sun , Jicheng Wang , Hanxin Zheng , Hai-Lei Zheng

Avicennia marina, a pioneer mangrove species, has adapted to the intertidal habitat along the tropical and subtropical coasts by developing salt glands on its leaf epidermis. Jasmonic acid (JA) is known to regulate the development of various plant epidermis. However, its role in the development of salt glands in A. marina remains unclear. In this study, we treated A. marina seedling using exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to investigate the effect of JA on the development and cell fate determination of salt glands, stomata and trichomes in A. marina leaf. The results showed MeJA significantly increased both the density of salt glands and the Na⁺ secretion. Besides, MeJA treatment positively regulated the trichome initiation and negatively affected stomatal lineage ground cells, with a significant decrease in stomatal density but no significant change in trichome density, while it exhibited that salt gland cells may partially originate from trichomes or stomatal lineage cells. Moreover, qRT-PCR results indicated that MeJA affects salt gland development via influencing the process of cell cycle, like reducing endoreduplication. These findings clarify how salt glands contribute to A. marina adaptation to coastal intertidal habitat from a tissue development perspective.

红树是红树林的先驱物种，它通过在叶表皮上发育盐腺来适应热带和亚热带海岸的潮间带生境。众所周知，茉莉酸（Jasmonic acid， JA）可以调节多种植物表皮的发育。然而，其在盐腺发育中的作用尚不清楚。本研究采用外源茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）处理金银花幼苗，研究了茉莉酸甲酯对金银花叶片盐腺、气孔和毛状体发育及细胞命运的影响。结果表明，MeJA显著增加了盐腺密度和Na⁺的分泌量。此外，MeJA处理对毛状体起始有正向调节作用，对气孔系地细胞有负向影响，气孔密度显著降低，毛状体密度无显著变化，说明盐腺细胞可能部分来源于毛状体或气孔系细胞。此外，qRT-PCR结果表明，MeJA通过影响细胞周期过程，如减少内复制，影响盐腺发育。这些发现从组织发育的角度阐明了盐腺如何促进沙蚕适应沿海潮间带生境。

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引用次数: 0

Glucose mitigates spatial heterogeneous cold damage in wheat via enhanced carbohydrate allocation to spike 葡萄糖通过提高碳水化合物在穗上的分配来减轻小麦的空间异质性冷损伤。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113029

Bing Dai , Pedro García-Caparros , Fasih Ullah Haider , Yan Liu , Jingying Wang , Xiaoyi Tan , Peng Zhang , Xiangnan Li

Low temperature during the reproductive stage, particularly late-spring cold events, severely threatens wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) yield. This study explored how exogenous glucose promotes the source-flow-sink balance under low temperature by assessing its effects on sucrose metabolism, carbohydrate partitioning, vascular development, and yield components in wild-type (WT) and chlorophyll b-deficient mutant (ANK 32B) plants. Low temperature inhibited the activities of sucrose metabolism enzymes (soluble acid invertase, neutral invertase, sucrose phosphate synthase, and sucrose synthase) in spikes, while inducing abnormal activation in leaves and uppermost internodes. This disturbance caused carbohydrate retention in non-spike organs and severe depletion in spikes, markedly reducing starch, glucose, fructose, and sucrose in the basal and apical spikelets. Consequently, spike development was impaired, grain number and weight decreased, and main-stem yield declined by 60.66 %, 31.05 %, and 52.63 % in the basal, central, and apical spikelets. Micro-CT analysis revealed that cold stress also restricted rachis vascular bundle formation, particularly the bundles delivering assimilates to basal spikelets. The assimilate-limited ANK 32B mutant exhibited compounded sensitivity to low temperature. Exogenous glucose provided sufficient assimilates, stabilized the “source” by mitigating the sucrose metabolism enzyme disturbance, ensured the “flow” by maintaining vascular development, and strengthened the “sink” by increasing carbohydrate accumulation and dry matter in spikes. This coordinated regulation ultimately optimized source-flow-sink system, alleviating cold-induced yield loss by 4.54 %, 0.32 %, and 6.75 % in the basal, central, and apical spikelets, respectively.

小麦生育期低温，特别是晚春低温严重威胁小麦产量。本研究通过评估外源葡萄糖对野生型（WT）和叶绿素b缺陷突变体（ANK 32B）植物的蔗糖代谢、碳水化合物分配、维管发育和产量成分的影响，探讨了外源葡萄糖如何促进低温下源-流-库平衡。低温抑制了蔗糖代谢酶（可溶性酸性转化酶、中性转化酶、蔗糖磷酸合酶和蔗糖合酶）在穗部的活性，引起叶片和最上部节间的异常激活。这种干扰导致非穗器官中的碳水化合物滞留和穗中的严重消耗，显著减少了基部和顶部小穗中的淀粉、葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖。结果导致穗发育受阻，粒数和粒重下降，基部、中部和顶部小穗的主茎产量分别下降60.66%、31.05%和52.63%。微ct分析显示，冷胁迫也限制了轴维管束的形成，特别是向基部小穗输送同化物的维管束。同源物受限的ANK 32B突变体表现出对低温的复合敏感性。外源葡萄糖提供了充足的同化物，通过减轻蔗糖代谢酶紊乱来稳定“源”，通过维持血管发育来保证“流”，通过增加穗内碳水化合物积累和干物质来加强“汇”。这种协调调节最终优化了源-流-库系统，使基、中、尖颖花的产量损失分别减少了4.54%、0.32%和6.75%。

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