Plant Science最新文献

{"title":"Seed treatment technologies: Effects on physical, functional, and physiological seed quality","authors":"Venicius Urbano Vilela Reis ,&nbsp;Everson Reis Carvalho ,&nbsp;Imtiyaz Khanday","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed treatment is a foundational technology in modern agriculture, designed to protect high-value seeds against initial pest and pathogen attacks, among other benefits, ensuring crop establishment. However, the application of complex chemical formulations, although protective, imposes stresses that can compromise seed quality if poorly performed. The objective of this review is to synthesize current knowledge on chemical seed treatment and critically analyze its impacts on the multiple attributes that define seed performance. The effects of seed treatment on physical quality are discussed, highlighting the risk of mechanical damage during processing, and on physiological quality, focusing on the mechanisms of phytotoxicity that can reduce vigor and germination, especially during storage, as well as all factors that can affect this relationship between treatment and physiological quality. Additionally, the emerging functional quality is addressed, analyzing how seed treatment affects plantability and environmental safety. A critical and often neglected balance exists between protective efficacy and seed integrity; therefore, studies for correct execution of seed treatment are essential for maintaining the physiological quality of seeds. Knowledge gaps, especially regarding the interaction between slurry mixture composition, storage, and initial lot quality, indicate the need for future research focused on safer formulations and optimized application technologies to maximize the benefits of seed treatment without compromising seed quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113013"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A BAHD acyltransferase of cotton affects plant drought tolerance and yield by regulating cuticle formation and cuticle permeability","authors":"Xiaoxia Shangguan ,&nbsp;Hongru Liu ,&nbsp;Hongli Li ,&nbsp;Huanyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cuticular layer in plants acts as a vital barrier against drought stress, with BAHD acyltransferase family members playing a key role in cuticle development. This study identified <em>GhACY</em> (<em>GH_A11G0105</em>), a BAHD family gene in cotton, located at the distal end of chromosome A11. Phylogenetic analysis placed GhACY in the second clade of subfamily Ⅰ, closely related to the DCR (defective in cuticular ridges; <em>At5g23940</em>) gene from <em>Arabidopsis.</em> Overexpression (OE) of <em>GhACY</em> in transgenic cotton enhanced drought tolerance and increased cotton yields compared to control lines. Conversely, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated downregulation of <em>GhACY</em> compromised drought tolerance, with <em>GhACY-RNAi</em> transgenic lines exhibiting significantly reduced yield relative to wild-type plants. Chemical composition analysis revealed significant alteration in cutin and wax biosynthesis and deposition in transgenic cotton. In <em>GhACY-RNAi</em> plants, the content of wax and cutin monomer decreased by more than 35 %, with the predominant cutin compound, 18-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (C18:9-ωHFA), reduced by 60 %. Specific wax compounds, including alkanes (especially nonacosane (C29), long-chain fatty acids, and hydroxylated fatty acids, were notably affected. In contrast, <em>GhACY-OE</em> plants exhibited a 35.4 % increase in total cutin monomer content. The levels of C18 monomers, particularly 18-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (C18:9-ωHFA) and 10,18-trihydroxy-octadecanoic acid (C18:9,10,18-HFA), were significantly elevated compared to wild-type plants. These modifications reduced the permeability of the cotton leaf cuticle, thereby enhancing drought resistance and increasing cotton yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113014"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seed priming with silicon nanoparticles and nitric oxide optimizes barley growth in zinc-deficient condition: a crucial role of optimum level of endogenous nitric oxide.","authors":"Nidhi Kandhol, Sangeeta Pandey, Santosh Kumar, Shivesh Sharma, Samiksha Singh, Prasanta K Dash, Durgesh Kumar Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112998","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Zinc (Zn) deficiency significantly impacts plant growth and productivity in agriculture. Seed priming is a promising strategy to enhance plant tolerance to nutrient deficiencies. This study examines the effects of priming barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds with silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), nitric oxide (NO), and their combination on germination and growth under Zn-deficient conditions. Primed seedlings showed superior growth, and improved photosynthetic efficiency, antioxidant enzyme activities, the ascorbate-glutathione cycle function, nutrient-related gene expression, and sucrose metabolism compared to the un-primed seedlings. Among the priming methods, the combination of SiNPs and NO had the most significant positive effect on barley growth under Zn deficiency. Priming with SiNPs alone was more effective than external SiNPs application. Exogenous SiNPs added to SiNPs-primed seedlings further improved growth under Zn deficiency. Contrary to this, NO addition to NO-primed seedlings inhibited growth due to excessive endogenous NO accumulation. Co-application of SiNPs and NO to SiNPs+NO- primed seedlings led to severe growth retardation due to build-up of endogenous NO production. These findings highlight seed priming's potential, especially with SiNPs, to address nutrient deficiencies in agriculture and the complex interactions of endogenous NO in priming-mediated regulation of Zn deficiency in barley.</p>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":" ","pages":"112998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146100427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BpbZIP61 negatively regulates drought resistance in birch by reducing ascorbic acid content","authors":"Wenfang Dong,&nbsp;Jiaojiao Wang,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Wenshuo Gao,&nbsp;Zhongyuan Liu,&nbsp;Caiqiu Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought is one of the major limiting factors affecting forest growth and survival. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) play essential roles in plant responses to drought stress. Here, we identified that BpbZIP61, a drought-induced bZIP TF in birch (<em>Betula platyphylla</em>), functions as a potential negative regulator of drought tolerance. Overexpression of <em>BpbZIP61</em> resulted in increased leaf water loss, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities. The overexpressing lines exhibited a significant reduction in ascorbic acid (AsA) content, a finding supported by transcriptomic evidence of downregulated expression in the ascorbate metabolism. We further demonstrated that BpbZIP61 functions as a transcriptional repressor by directly binding to ABRE cis-element in the promoter of <em>BpGGLO6</em>, a key gene in the AsA biosynthesis pathway, thereby suppressing its expression. The findings suggest that BpbZIP61 is a potential negative regulator for drought tolerance in birch, which operates by inhibiting AsA biosynthesis and regulating antioxidant enzyme activities, offering crucial insights for molecular breeding of drought-resistant trees.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113015"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146099908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GmIFS interacts with GmNFR1α and plays a positive role in soybean legume-rhizobia symbiosis","authors":"Danxia Ke ,&nbsp;Shibo Hou ,&nbsp;Zhaoyuan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soybean (<em>Glycine max</em>) serves as a vital source of plant protein and edible oil, while also functioning as a key soil-enriching crop. Symbiotic nitrogen fixation between soybean and rhizobia is crucial for sustainable green agriculture. Nod factor (NF) is a signaling molecule for the establishment of a symbiotic relationship between rhizobia and soybean. The soybean NF receptor GmNFR1α plays a pivotal role in nodulation; however, its signaling pathway remains incompletely characterized. In previous studies, using GmNFR1α as bait, we identified the isoflavone synthase GmIFS2 as an interactor through screening a soybean root/nodule yeast AD-cDNA library. Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation imaging (LCI) in tobacco, and in vitro pull-down assays confirmed the interaction between GmIFS2 and the kinase domain of GmNFR1α (GmNFR1α-pk). Symbiotic phenotyping revealed that the <em>ifs1</em>/<em>2</em> double mutant significantly inhibited the infection process of rhizobia, leading to a remarkable reduction in the number of soybean nodules and shoot/root dry weights. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of roots and nodules from <em>ifs1</em>/<em>2</em> versus wild-type plants demonstrated substantial alterations in genes related to isoflavonoid synthesis, plant-pathogen interactions, and MAPK signaling pathways, alongside significant changes in key enzymes, transcription factors, and metabolites within isoflavonoid and nitrogen metabolism pathways. The study demonstrates that GmNFR1α can directly form a heteromeric complex with the soybean isoflavone synthase GmIFS2, positively regulating symbiotic nodulation between soybeans and rhizobia. The research findings further complement and elucidate the nodulation signaling pathway mediated by GmNFR1α, providing new molecular evidence for the symbiotic interaction mechanism between soybeans and rhizobia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ABA and ABA signaling mediate Arabidopsis stomatal response to CO2 via H2O2 and NO production","authors":"Jinxia Li ,&nbsp;Chenxi Zhang ,&nbsp;Mingtao Mu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Ma ,&nbsp;Shumei Hei","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.112993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The augmentation of atmospheric CO₂ concentrations induces reduction in foliar stomatal aperture, thereby affecting photosynthetic capacity and transpiration- mediated cooling in plants. Elucidating the mechanism through which CO₂ modulates stomatal dynamics is crucial for understanding plant adaptability to future fluctuations in CO₂ levels. Although abscisic acid (ABA) is a pivotal phytohormone regulating stomatal movements, its role in CO₂-induced stomatal closure remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that elevated CO₂ failed to induce stomatal closure in wild-type <em>Arabidopsis</em> treated with ABA biosynthesis inhibitor fluridon, as well as in the ABA-deficient mutant <em>aba1</em>, <em>aba2</em> and <em>aba3</em>. Using <em>β</em>-glucuronidase (GUS) staining in <em>pRD29B::GUS</em> transgenic lines, we confirmed that the reporter gene controlled by ABA-responsive <em>RD29B</em> promoter in guard cells was strongly induced by elevated CO₂. Additionally, transcripts of the ABA-responsive gene <em>RAB18</em> and ABA-synthetic gene <em>ABA2</em> were upregulated during CO₂-induced stomatal closure in wild-type <em>Arabidopsis</em>. In contrast, fluridonand ABA receptor mutant <em>pyr1pyl1pyl2pyl4</em> respectively inhibited CO₂-induced activation of <em>RD29B</em> promoter-driven GUS marker and <em>RAB18</em> expression. The expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) reporter gene driven by <em>ABA2</em> and <em>RAB18</em> promoters in tobacco leaves was enhanced under CO₂, and the fluorescence mainly distributed in non-guard cells. Furthermore, ABA, ABA receptor (PYR/RCARs) and OST1 kinase were identified as upstream cascade components of H₂O₂ and NO in stomatal response to CO₂. Notably, GHR1 was implicated as an intermediate between H₂O₂ and NO in this pathway. Additionally, NADPH oxidase subunits AtRBOHD and AtRBOHF, and nitrate reductase isoenzyme NIA1, were responsible for H₂O₂ and NO production in guard cells under high CO₂ conditions. Together, our findings propose that elevated CO₂ triggers an increase in ABA and activates ABA signaling to close stomata via H₂O₂ and NO production, providing comprehensive insights into CO₂ signaling in guard cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 112993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threshold decision-making in the Venus flytrap","authors":"Tahir Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Venus flytrap (<em>Dionaea muscipula</em>) closes its trap only after two touches of its sensory hairs within approximately twenty seconds, reflecting a temporally gated threshold mechanism. Using a quantitative reinterpretation of published electrophysiological and mechanical measurements, this correspondence demonstrates that the bistable, memory-dependent closure of the Venus flytrap conforms to a multiplicative threshold framework (ARCH × Φ), in which four readiness domains, architecture (A), drive (D), context (C), and phase (Φ), jointly determine activation. The framework accounts for the two-trigger rule, refractory gating, and the all-or-none nature of trap closure, capturing the plant’s energy-efficient bistability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113010"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146096843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel bZIP transcription factor VvbZIP026 induces anthocyanin biosynthesis and acylation modification in response to abscisic acid in ‘Summer Black’ grape","authors":"Zouchumo Ge ,&nbsp;Mengwen Yao ,&nbsp;Ting Chen ,&nbsp;Yao Yao ,&nbsp;Jiahui Lin ,&nbsp;Jingtian Huo ,&nbsp;Guiren Qi ,&nbsp;Zhaosen Xie ,&nbsp;Xianan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Leng","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High groundwater levels, short light hours, and high temperatures and rainy conditions during the ripening period in southern China lead to insufficient sugar accumulation and difficulty in coloring, which severely affects the quality of the grapes. In our study, 7-year-old ‘Summer Black’ grapes were selected as experimental materials to study the effect of abscisic acid on grape quality. The results showed that the color of grapes turned earlier after ABA soaking, the glucose and fructose, and all 6 detected amino acid contents were significantly higher than those in the untreated group in the veraison period. However, ABA can significantly increase the anthocyanin and flavonol contents, but has no significant effect on soluble sugars, flavanols, phenolic acids, phloridzin, and naringenin-7-<em>O</em>-glucoside at maturity. Curiously, ABA treatment had no significant effect on the metabolism of organic acids, while it also has a positive effect on the aroma of the grape. Furthermore, by integrating phylogenetic analysis with transgenic techniques in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em>, grapefruit, and callus, we demonstrate that a novel bZIP transcription factor, <em>VvbZIP026</em>, induces anthocyanin accumulation and enhances levels of anthocyanin acylation modification, thereby improving anthocyanin stability and bioavailability. Our results provide theoretical and practical value for grape quality improvement and theoretical support for anthocyanin metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 113008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato transcription factor StMYB19 enhances drought tolerance by regulating ROS homeostasis and JA signalling pathway","authors":"Xiaoxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Haotian Liu ,&nbsp;Han Wei ,&nbsp;Kaitong Wang ,&nbsp;Ning Zhang ,&nbsp;Huaijun Si","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The MYB transcription factor family plays important regulatory roles in plant growth and development. In this study, a investigation was conducted to elucidate R1-MYB transcription factor <em>StMYB19</em> biological function in drought stress response. The tissue-specific expression analysis of the gene revealed that <em>StMYB19</em> expression differed in various organs of potato variety ‘Atlantic’, with the highest expression in tubers. <em>StMYB19</em> was genetically modified in ‘Atlantic’ to obtain overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) lines. Phenotypic analysis of the StMYB19 overexpression and suppression lines before and after drought treatment revealed that the drought symptoms were relatively mild in the overexpression lines, whereas growth inhibition and leaf wilting were more pronounced in the suppressed expression lines. Further physiological analysis revealed that after drought treatment, the activities of SOD, CAT, and POD significantly increased in <em>StMYB19</em>-overexpressing lines, whereas the contents of H₂O₂ and MDA were relatively decreased, indicating that <em>StMYB19</em> regulated the ROS dynamic balance. Meanwhile, the JA content increased significantly in the overexpression lines, suggesting that StMYB19 may enhance drought tolerance by regulating the JA pathway. StMYB19 binds to the MYB-binding motif ‘TAACCA’ in the promoter of the downstream gene <em>StLOB4</em> and positively regulates its transcription. At the same time, it promotes the expression of StACX3 through protein interaction. Therefore, by activating these two key genes in the JA pathway, <em>StMYB19</em> coordinates plant defense and growth under drought conditions. In summary, <em>StMYB19</em> acts as an important transcription factor in the potato drought response by maintaining ROS homeostasis and activating the JA signaling pathway, thereby enhancing plant drought tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"364 ","pages":"Article 113006"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146076788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stomatal and leaf hydraulic conductivity responses to changing light and CO2 conditions in Phaseolus vulgaris","authors":"Andrew Ogolla Egesa ,&nbsp;Divya Rana ,&nbsp;Jessica Barrera-Solis ,&nbsp;William M. Hammond ,&nbsp;C. Eduardo Vallejos ,&nbsp;Kevin Begcy","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extreme conditions brought up by climate change have a negative impact on plant photosynthesis. However, characterizing and exploiting extant genetic variation in plants for structure and function could lead to the assembly of genotypes adapted to extreme environments. This could be accomplished by combining suitable structures and adaptive mechanisms. We selected two common bean genotypes from the Andean (Calima) and the Mesoamerican (Jamapa) gene pools and analyzed their leaf structural characteristics, leaf hydraulics, and stomatal responses to transient light and CO₂. We used the patterns of stomatal conductance to water vapor (g_sw) to track the time for stomatal stability between the two genotypes. Our results indicated contrasting leaf structures and differences in potential leaf hydraulic conductivity (Ks) and the flow rate of water in the leaf. We also found faster stomatal responses to light and CO2 for smaller stomata. Our data also indicate that leaf structural traits in the two genotypes were constructed in coordination to support efficient physiological processes. We analyzed the dynamics of water loss, and our results agree with the differences seen in stomata density and the speed to stomata response indicating that Jamapa retains more residual water than Calima. These results showed far-reaching consequences of leaf structure and hydraulics on photosynthetic gas exchange responses under global warming conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"365 ","pages":"Article 113005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}