Plant Science最新文献_第5页

Ghβ-LCY1 influences metabolism and photosynthetic in Gossypium hirsutum

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112417

Yanmin Qian , Yaping Wang , Yu Zhang , Zongyan Chu , Mengxin Shen , Cheng Zhang , Lihua Huang , Zhihua Yang , Kaiwen Ren , Yuanyuan Shi , Tingting Jiao , Baoting Yang , Qiuyue Meng , Yuchen Miao , Jinggong Guo

Carotenoids are metabolites of isoprene, which are crucial roles for plant growth and response to abiotic stress. Lycopene β-cyclase (β-LCY) is a key protease in the synthesis pathway of plant carotenoid, playing an important role in the carotenoid metabolism and synthesis pathway. However, the function of β-LCY is almost unknown in cotton (Gossypium spp.). In this study, we cloned the A and D genomes of β-LCY1 from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), designated as Ghβ-LCY1A and Ghβ-LCY1D. We found that Ghβ-LCY1A and Ghβ-LCY1D were highly expressed in the cotton leaves and localized in the chloroplasts, respectively. The bacterial pigment complementarity experiment showed that Ghβ-LCY1 has the activity of β-LCY in Escherichia coli. The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis exhibited that Ghβ-LCY1 silencing cotton plants resulted in a spotted phenotype on the leaves and sepals, slow growth, and stunted plant growth in upland cotton. Additionally, the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids, antheranthun, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin and ABA, were significantly decreased. Under normal light intensity, the chloroplast ultrastructure of leaves in Ghβ-LCY1 silencing cotton plants was abnormal, and their photosynthesis (leaf absorptance, Fv/Fm) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly lower than control cotton plants, and this difference was enhanced after high light treatment. Taken together, our results indicate that Ghβ-LCY1 plays an important role in carotenoids metabolism, photosynthesis and participates in plant growth and light protection in cotton.

{"title":"Ghβ-LCY1 influences metabolism and photosynthetic in Gossypium hirsutum","authors":"Yanmin Qian , Yaping Wang , Yu Zhang , Zongyan Chu , Mengxin Shen , Cheng Zhang , Lihua Huang , Zhihua Yang , Kaiwen Ren , Yuanyuan Shi , Tingting Jiao , Baoting Yang , Qiuyue Meng , Yuchen Miao , Jinggong Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carotenoids are metabolites of isoprene, which are crucial roles for plant growth and response to abiotic stress. Lycopene β-cyclase (β-LCY) is a key protease in the synthesis pathway of plant carotenoid, playing an important role in the carotenoid metabolism and synthesis pathway. However, the function of β-LCY is almost unknown in cotton (<em>Gossypium spp.</em>). In this study, we cloned the <em>A</em> and <em>D</em> genomes of <em>β-LCY1</em> from upland cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em>), designated as <em>Ghβ-LCY1A</em> and <em>Ghβ-LCY1D</em>. We found that <em>Ghβ-LCY1A</em> and <em>Ghβ-LCY1D</em> were highly expressed in the cotton leaves and localized in the chloroplasts, respectively. The bacterial pigment complementarity experiment showed that Ghβ-LCY1 has the activity of β-LCY in <em>Escherichia coli</em>. The virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) analysis exhibited that <em>Ghβ-LCY1</em> silencing cotton plants resulted in a spotted phenotype on the leaves and sepals, slow growth, and stunted plant growth in upland cotton. Additionally, the content of chlorophyll, carotenoids, antheranthun, zeaxanthin, violaxanthin and ABA, were significantly decreased. Under normal light intensity, the chloroplast ultrastructure of leaves in <em>Ghβ-LCY1</em> silencing cotton plants was abnormal, and their photosynthesis (leaf absorptance, Fv/Fm) and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were significantly lower than control cotton plants, and this difference was enhanced after high light treatment. Taken together, our results indicate that Ghβ-LCY1 plays an important role in carotenoids metabolism, photosynthesis and participates in plant growth and light protection in cotton.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112417"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A TPR domain protein, OsTPR028, regulates grain size and weight in rice

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112405

Zongfei Zhang , Xin Wang , Yi Bao, Huihui Wang, Xin Yan, Pengfei Liao, Shaobo Li, Jiexiu Ouyang

Grain size and weight are critical determinants of rice yield and quality, yet their underlying genetic and regulatory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a protein containing TPR domain, named OsTPR028, which is localized in the cytoplasm. The gene encoding this protein is highly expressed during grain development. Homozygous ostpr028 mutant exhibited significant reductions in grain size, grain filling rate, and grain weight, accompanied by decreased levels of starch, amylose, and lipids. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that OsTPR028 regulates the expression of genes involved in starch biosynthesis and lipid transport. Protein interaction assays revealed that OsTPR028 interacts with an endosperm-specific protein, OsEnS45, whose knockout similarly resulted in reduced grain size and weight. Further investigations indicated that impaired spikelet cell division is the primary cause of these phenotypic defects in both ostpr028 and osens45 mutants. Together, our findings elucidate the critical role of the OsTPR028-OsEnS45 module in grain development and offer promising molecular targets for improving rice yield and quality through breeding programs.

{"title":"A TPR domain protein, OsTPR028, regulates grain size and weight in rice","authors":"Zongfei Zhang , Xin Wang , Yi Bao, Huihui Wang, Xin Yan, Pengfei Liao, Shaobo Li, Jiexiu Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grain size and weight are critical determinants of rice yield and quality, yet their underlying genetic and regulatory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we identified a protein containing TPR domain, named OsTPR028, which is localized in the cytoplasm. The gene encoding this protein is highly expressed during grain development. Homozygous <em>ostpr028</em> mutant exhibited significant reductions in grain size, grain filling rate, and grain weight, accompanied by decreased levels of starch, amylose, and lipids. Transcriptomic and qRT-PCR analyses demonstrated that <em>OsTPR028</em> regulates the expression of genes involved in starch biosynthesis and lipid transport. Protein interaction assays revealed that OsTPR028 interacts with an endosperm-specific protein, OsEnS45, whose knockout similarly resulted in reduced grain size and weight. Further investigations indicated that impaired spikelet cell division is the primary cause of these phenotypic defects in both <em>ostpr028</em> and <em>osens45</em> mutants. Together, our findings elucidate the critical role of the OsTPR028-OsEnS45 module in grain development and offer promising molecular targets for improving rice yield and quality through breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112405"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ABA-INSENSITIVE 4 promotes nicotine biosynthesis under high light in Nicotiana attenuata

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112416

Bo Lei , Yan Mao , Huina Zhao , Jing Yu , Bing Wang , Ping Li , Xiangyang Hu

Nicotine is a primary alkaloid-derived secondary metabolite found in tobacco (Nicotiana spp.). Excessive light exposure damages chloroplasts and enhances the production of protective secondary metabolites. However, the impact of high light (HL) on nicotine biosynthesis has not been thoroughly explored. We used a comprehensive array of physiological, biochemical, and transgenic analyses to elucidate the role of abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive 4 (NaABI4) in HL-induced nicotine accumulation in wild tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata). NaABI4, which encodes a key mediator in the retrograde signaling pathway between the chloroplasts and nucleus, was found to induce NaHY5 expression. NaHY5 acts as a long-distance mobile signal, activating putrescine N-methyltransferase 1 (NaPMT1) and quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NaQPT) genes, which are crucial for root nicotine biosynthesis. Moreover, NaABI4 activated the leaf-specific multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters, NaJAT1 and NaJAT2, facilitating nicotine translocation from the root to the leaf. Notably, NaABI4 is activated by NaPTM, a PHD-type transcription factor with transmembrane domains that encodes a chloroplast envelope–bound transcription factor. These findings offer novel insights into NaABI4-mediated nicotine biosynthesis and reveal its coordination through NaPTM-dependent retrograde signaling under HL stress condition.

{"title":"ABA-INSENSITIVE 4 promotes nicotine biosynthesis under high light in Nicotiana attenuata","authors":"Bo Lei , Yan Mao , Huina Zhao , Jing Yu , Bing Wang , Ping Li , Xiangyang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nicotine is a primary alkaloid-derived secondary metabolite found in tobacco (<em>Nicotiana</em> spp.). Excessive light exposure damages chloroplasts and enhances the production of protective secondary metabolites. However, the impact of high light (HL) on nicotine biosynthesis has not been thoroughly explored. We used a comprehensive array of physiological, biochemical, and transgenic analyses to elucidate the role of <em>abscisic acid (ABA)-insensitive 4 (NaABI4)</em> in HL-induced nicotine accumulation in wild tobacco (<em>Nicotiana attenuata</em>). NaABI4, which encodes a key mediator in the retrograde signaling pathway between the chloroplasts and nucleus, was found to induce <em>NaHY5</em> expression. NaHY5 acts as a long-distance mobile signal, activating <em>putrescine N-methyltransferase 1</em> (<em>NaPMT1</em>) and <em>quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase</em> (<em>NaQPT</em>) genes, which are crucial for root nicotine biosynthesis. Moreover, NaABI4 activated the leaf-specific multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters, <em>NaJAT1</em> and <em>NaJAT2,</em> facilitating nicotine translocation from the root to the leaf. Notably, <em>NaABI4</em> is activated by NaPTM, a PHD-type transcription factor with transmembrane domains that encodes a chloroplast envelope–bound transcription factor. These findings offer novel insights into NaABI4-mediated nicotine biosynthesis and reveal its coordination through NaPTM-dependent retrograde signaling under HL stress condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112416"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143374657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Starvation from within: How heavy metals compete with essential nutrients, disrupt metabolism, and impair plant growth

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112412

Abdul Wakeel Umar , Muhammad Naeem , Hamad Hussain , Naveed Ahmad , Ming Xu

Nutrient starvation is a critical consequence of heavy metal toxicity, severely impacting plant health and productivity. This issue arises from various sources, including industrial activities, mining, agricultural practices, and natural processes, leading to the accumulation of metals such as aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni) in soil and water. Heavy metal exposure disrupts key physiological processes, particularly nutrient uptake and transport, resulting in nutrient imbalances within the plant. Essential nutrients are often unavailable or improperly absorbed due to metal chelation and interference with transporter functions, exacerbating nutrient deficiencies. This nutrient starvation, coupled with oxidative stress induced by heavy metals, manifests in impaired photosynthesis, stunted growth, and reduced crop yields. This review presents important insights into the molecular mechanisms driving nutrient deprivation in plants exposed to heavy metals, emphasizing the roles of transporters, transcription factors, and signaling pathways. It also examines the physiological and biochemical effects, such as chlorosis, necrosis, and altered metabolic activities. Lastly, we explore strategies to mitigate heavy metal-induced nutrient starvation, including phytoremediation, soil amendments, genetic approaches, and microbial interventions, offering insights for enhancing plant resilience in contaminated soils.

{"title":"Starvation from within: How heavy metals compete with essential nutrients, disrupt metabolism, and impair plant growth","authors":"Abdul Wakeel Umar , Muhammad Naeem , Hamad Hussain , Naveed Ahmad , Ming Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nutrient starvation is a critical consequence of heavy metal toxicity, severely impacting plant health and productivity. This issue arises from various sources, including industrial activities, mining, agricultural practices, and natural processes, leading to the accumulation of metals such as aluminum (Al), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and nickel (Ni) in soil and water. Heavy metal exposure disrupts key physiological processes, particularly nutrient uptake and transport, resulting in nutrient imbalances within the plant. Essential nutrients are often unavailable or improperly absorbed due to metal chelation and interference with transporter functions, exacerbating nutrient deficiencies. This nutrient starvation, coupled with oxidative stress induced by heavy metals, manifests in impaired photosynthesis, stunted growth, and reduced crop yields. This review presents important insights into the molecular mechanisms driving nutrient deprivation in plants exposed to heavy metals, emphasizing the roles of transporters, transcription factors, and signaling pathways. It also examines the physiological and biochemical effects, such as chlorosis, necrosis, and altered metabolic activities. Lastly, we explore strategies to mitigate heavy metal-induced nutrient starvation, including phytoremediation, soil amendments, genetic approaches, and microbial interventions, offering insights for enhancing plant resilience in contaminated soils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112412"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143351020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complementation with TaNCL2-A reinstates growth and abiotic stress response in atncl mutant of Arabidopsis

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112411

Ishu, Shumayla, Madhu, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay

The sodium/calcium exchanger-like (NCL) transporters are members of Ca^2 +/Cation antiporters (CaCAs) family, localized at the tonoplast, and primarily involved in Ca²⁺ homeostasis and stress response. They transport Ca²⁺ to the cytosol and sequester cytosolic Na⁺ into the vacuole. Therefore, the atncl mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana is prone to salinity stress. The functional complementation of TaNCL2-A of Triticum aestivum improved abiotic stress response and various morpho-physio-biochemical parameters in atncl mutant. The TaNCL2-A complementation increased the seed germination rate and root length of atncl mutant during salinity and drought stress conditions. The exogenous Ca²⁺ application further improved the stress tolerance in the complemented lines. The results suggested that the modulation of cytosolic Ca²⁺ by TaNCL2-A expression and/or exogenous Ca²⁺ application could reinstate growth and abiotic stress response in atncl mutant. TaNCL2-A also reduced the impact of ABA on seed germination. In addition, exogenous IAA induced lateral roots formation in all the lines. Biochemical and physiological analyses revealed increased proline, chlorophylls, carotenoids and relative water content (RWC), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), H₂O₂ and relative electrical conductivity (REC) in TaNCL2-A complemented lines. The results highlighted the function of TaNCL2-A gene in stress response, and its potential application in crop improvement strategies in future studies.

{"title":"Complementation with TaNCL2-A reinstates growth and abiotic stress response in atncl mutant of Arabidopsis","authors":"Ishu, Shumayla, Madhu, Santosh Kumar Upadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112411","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112411","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The sodium/calcium exchanger-like (NCL) transporters are members of Ca<sup>2 +</sup>/Cation antiporters (CaCAs) family, localized at the tonoplast, and primarily involved in Ca<sup>2+</sup> homeostasis and stress response. They transport Ca<sup>2+</sup> to the cytosol and sequester cytosolic Na<sup>+</sup> into the vacuole. Therefore, the <em>atncl</em> mutant of <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> is prone to salinity stress. The functional complementation of <em>TaNCL2-A</em> of <em>Triticum aestivum</em> improved abiotic stress response and various morpho-physio-biochemical parameters in <em>atncl</em> mutant. The <em>TaNCL2-A</em> complementation increased the seed germination rate and root length of <em>atncl</em> mutant during salinity and drought stress conditions. The exogenous Ca<sup>2+</sup> application further improved the stress tolerance in the complemented lines. The results suggested that the modulation of cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> by <em>TaNCL2-A</em> expression and/or exogenous Ca<sup>2+</sup> application could reinstate growth and abiotic stress response in <em>atncl</em> mutant. <em>TaNCL2-A</em> also reduced the impact of ABA on seed germination. In addition, exogenous IAA induced lateral roots formation in all the lines. Biochemical and physiological analyses revealed increased proline, chlorophylls, carotenoids and relative water content (RWC), and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA), H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and relative electrical conductivity (REC) in <em>TaNCL2-A</em> complemented lines. The results highlighted the function of <em>TaNCL2-A</em> gene in stress response, and its potential application in crop improvement strategies in future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112411"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into DXO1 and XRN3: regulatory roles of RNA stability, transcription, and liquid-liquid phase separation in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112413

Mostafakamal Shams , Ali Khadivi

The regulation of RNA stability and transcription in eukaryotic organisms is a sophisticated process involving various complex mechanisms. This paper explores the regulatory functions of DXO1 and XRN3 proteins in RNA stability and transcription in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. DXO1 is noted for its roles in mRNA 5′-end quality control, removal of non-canonical NAD⁺ caps, and activation of RNA guanosine-7 methyltransferase. In contrast, XRN3 ensures RNA integrity through precise degradation. While current studies have identified various termination regions across genes influenced by XRN3, advanced RNA sequencing techniques have revealed that XRN3-mediated changes in gene expression often result from siRNA production, leading to gene silencing rather than direct effects on transcription termination. This review emphasizes the need to further explore the DXO1-XRN3 axis, their interactive mechanisms, and their potential involvement in liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) during transcription. It further suggests evaluating XRN proteins like XRN4 to assess potential redundancies in RNA degradation pathways. The advent of PSPredictor, a tool for identifying LLPS proteins, along with protein function prediction techniques, promises to advance our understanding of DXO1 and XRN3 in maintaining RNA equilibrium and the dynamics of LLPS in plant biology. The review concludes by calling for more studies on the plant-specific roles of the DXO1 N-terminal extension (NTE), predictive tools for LLPS-forming proteins, and the interplay of RNA Pol II CTD code modulation by transcription factors to enhance knowledge of plant stress adaptation and improve agricultural productivity.

{"title":"Mechanistic insights into DXO1 and XRN3: regulatory roles of RNA stability, transcription, and liquid-liquid phase separation in Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.","authors":"Mostafakamal Shams , Ali Khadivi","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The regulation of RNA stability and transcription in eukaryotic organisms is a sophisticated process involving various complex mechanisms. This paper explores the regulatory functions of DXO1 and XRN3 proteins in RNA stability and transcription in the model plant <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> (L.) Heynh. DXO1 is noted for its roles in mRNA 5′-end quality control, removal of non-canonical NAD<sup>+</sup> caps, and activation of RNA guanosine-7 methyltransferase. In contrast, XRN3 ensures RNA integrity through precise degradation. While current studies have identified various termination regions across genes influenced by XRN3, advanced RNA sequencing techniques have revealed that XRN3-mediated changes in gene expression often result from siRNA production, leading to gene silencing rather than direct effects on transcription termination. This review emphasizes the need to further explore the DXO1-XRN3 axis, their interactive mechanisms, and their potential involvement in liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) during transcription. It further suggests evaluating XRN proteins like XRN4 to assess potential redundancies in RNA degradation pathways. The advent of PSPredictor, a tool for identifying LLPS proteins, along with protein function prediction techniques, promises to advance our understanding of DXO1 and XRN3 in maintaining RNA equilibrium and the dynamics of LLPS in plant biology. The review concludes by calling for more studies on the plant-specific roles of the DXO1 N-terminal extension (NTE), predictive tools for LLPS-forming proteins, and the interplay of RNA Pol II CTD code modulation by transcription factors to enhance knowledge of plant stress adaptation and improve agricultural productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112413"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of nitric oxide and nitrogen in mediating copper stress in Brassica juncea L.

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112414

Bilal A. Rather , Asim Masood , Fei Qiao , Xuefei Jiang , Muhammad Mubashar Zafar , Hanqing Cong , Nafees A. Khan

Copper (Cu) holds a significant importance in plant metabolism as it serves as an essential micronutrient but becomes toxic at higher concentrations. Nitric oxide (NO), a key signaling molecule, and nitrogen (N) play essential roles in combating toxicity of some metals. This study explores the potential of interactive effects of NO as 100 µM SNP (sodium nitroprusside, NO source) and N (80 mg N kg⁻¹ soil) in mitigating Cu (100 mg Cu kg⁻¹ soil) stress in mustard (Brassica juncea L.) plants. The impaired physio-biochemical changes, photosynthetic efficiency, and the expression level of genes associated with photosynthesis, and N assimilation under Cu stress were ameliorated with the exogenous application of NO and N. The combined treatment of NO and N conspicuously lowered reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its related impacts. It also enhanced the activity and relative expression of antioxidant enzymes, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as N assimilation enzymes, such as nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR). The supplementation of NO and N also triggered the expression of rbcL (large subunit of Rubisco), photosystem (photosystem II D1 protein; psbA and photosystem II protein B; psbB) and markedly improved photosynthetic capacity under Cu stress. The study highlights the significance of NO and N as a potential strategy to counteract Cu-induced stress in crops. It suggests a synergistic or interactive effect between the two substances as a phytoremediation strategy for enhancing crop growth and productivity in Cu-contaminated soils. Understanding the mechanisms behind NO and N mediated stress alleviation could facilitate the development of targeted approaches to enhance plant resilience against heavy metal stress.

{"title":"The role of nitric oxide and nitrogen in mediating copper stress in Brassica juncea L.","authors":"Bilal A. Rather , Asim Masood , Fei Qiao , Xuefei Jiang , Muhammad Mubashar Zafar , Hanqing Cong , Nafees A. Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Copper (Cu) holds a significant importance in plant metabolism as it serves as an essential micronutrient but becomes toxic at higher concentrations. Nitric oxide (NO), a key signaling molecule, and nitrogen (N) play essential roles in combating toxicity of some metals. This study explores the potential of interactive effects of NO as 100 µM SNP (sodium nitroprusside, NO source) and N (80 mg N kg<sup>−1</sup> soil) in mitigating Cu (100 mg Cu kg<sup>−1</sup> soil) stress in mustard (<em>Brassica juncea</em> L.) plants. The impaired physio-biochemical changes, photosynthetic efficiency, and the expression level of genes associated with photosynthesis, and N assimilation under Cu stress were ameliorated with the exogenous application of NO and N. The combined treatment of NO and N conspicuously lowered reactive oxygen species (ROS) and its related impacts. It also enhanced the activity and relative expression of antioxidant enzymes, including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione reductase (GR), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as N assimilation enzymes, such as nitrate reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR). The supplementation of NO and N also triggered the expression of <em>rbcL</em> (large subunit of Rubisco), photosystem (photosystem II D1 protein<em>; psbA</em> and photosystem II protein B; <em>psbB</em>) and markedly improved photosynthetic capacity under Cu stress. The study highlights the significance of NO and N as a potential strategy to counteract Cu-induced stress in crops. It suggests a synergistic or interactive effect between the two substances as a phytoremediation strategy for enhancing crop growth and productivity in Cu-contaminated soils. Understanding the mechanisms behind NO and N mediated stress alleviation could facilitate the development of targeted approaches to enhance plant resilience against heavy metal stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20273,"journal":{"name":"Plant Science","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 112414"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143256400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tolerance of Oryza sativa to low phosphate is associated with adaptive changes in root architecture and metabolic exudates

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112415

Akanksha Srivastava , Amber Gupta , Sujit K. Bishi , Pole Akhila , P.C. Latha , D. Subrahmanyam , P. Brajendra , M.S. Anantha , Suvarna Rani Ch , Akshay S. Sakhare , Vijai Pal Bhadana , Jitender Giri , C.N. Neeraja , R.M. Sundaram , Satendra K. Mangrauthia

The optimum usage of fertilizers is key for the sustainable agriculture. Among nutrients, phosphorus (P) is critical for plant growth and development. Due to complete reliance on natural resources (rock phosphate) for P, the availability of P fertilizers is emerging as a global challenge for crop cultivation. Moreover, the excess application of P fertilizers in rice, mostly grown under flooded conditions, leads to water pollution called eutrophication. In this study, we employed a mutagenesis approach for developing and characterizing rice EMS (ethyl methanesulfonate) mutants with better adaptation to low soil P conditions. One such mutant of rice cultivar Nagina 22, named NH4824, was characterized comprehensively at seedling and reproductive growth stages under hydroponic and field conditions. The mutant exhibits low soil P tolerance due to combined adaptive changes in root system architecture, anatomy, organic acid exudates, plasma membrane (PM) H⁺-ATPase activity, induced expression of P transporter genes, and efficient mobilization and partitioning of P in different plant tissues. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and better photosynthesis suggested relatively less stress experienced by NH4824 than N22 under low soil P conditions. These insights are highly useful to develop P use efficient crop cultivars through breeding or genome editing approaches.

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引用次数: 0

A critical review of the importance of Far-Related Sequence (FRS)- FRS-Related Factor (FRF) transcription factors in plants

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112410

Fereshteh Jafari , Aria Dolatabadian

Transposable elements have long been recognised as critical drivers of genetic diversity and evolution in plant genomes, influencing various physiological and developmental processes. The transcription factor family FAR-RED ELONGATED HYPOCOTYLS3 (FHY3), and its homologue FAR-RED IMPAIRED RESPONSE1 (FAR1), initially identified as key components of phytochrome A (phyA)-mediated far-red (FR) light signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana, are derived from transposases and are essential for light signal transduction, plant growth, and development. FHY3 and FAR1 are also the founding members of the FAR1-RELATED SEQUENCE (FRS) family, which is conserved across terrestrial plants. While the coding sequences of many putative FRS and FAR1-RELATED FACTOR (FRF) orthologs have been identified in various angiosperm clades, their physiological functions remain largely unexplored. The FRF genes are considered truncated forms of FRS proteins that compete with FRS for DNA binding sites, thereby regulating gene expression.

This review highlights recent advances in characterising the molecular mechanisms of FHY3, FAR1, and other members of the FRS-FRF protein family. We examine their roles in key processes such as regulating flowering time, controlling branching, integrating leaf aging and senescence, modulating the circadian clock, maintaining meristem function, starch synthesis, seed germination, and responding to Starch synthesis and carbon starvation. Additionally, we explore their contributions to plant immunity under biotic and abiotic stresses. Finally, we suggest future directions for functional characterising other FRS-FRF family proteins in plants, which could provide deeper insights into their regulatory roles in plant biology.

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引用次数: 0

Sugar and anthocyanins: A scientific exploration of sweet signals and natural pigments

IF 4.2 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112409

Ting Zhao , Qian Li , Ting Yan , Boping Yu , Qi Wang , Delu Wang

The presence of anthocyanins imparts vibrant hues to plants, whose biosynthesis and accumulation is a complex process and are influenced by numerous factors. In plants, sugar acts as a primary energy source and signaling molecule regulating anthocyanins biosynthesis. In this review, we provides a comprehensive overview of the relationship between sugar and anthocyanin. We delved into the intricate biosynthetic pathway of anthocyanins, outlining the key structural genes involved and their functions. Furthermore, we summarized how various environmental factors such as sugar, light, abiotic stresses, etc., affect anthocyanin biosynthesis. Notably, Most notably, we emphasized that sugars can independently regulate anthocyanin biosynthesis by modulating the expression of the MBW complex or structural genes, as well as through cascades involving hormones. These findings offer valuable insights into understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying anthocyanin accumulation and present potential avenues for enhancing anthocyanin content in plants through targeted manipulations that could have applications in agriculture and nutrition.

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引用次数: 0