Plant Science最新文献_第5页

Multiple-layered fine-tuning of flowering locus C --- Flowering control and beyond 开花位点C的多层微调——开花控制及以后。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113031

Wenfeng Huang , Yujian Mo , Xiaolin Liang , Shusong He , Xingyu Jiang , Yu Ling

FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) is a MADS-box transcription factor that integrates diverse internal and environmental signals to precisely regulate the growth and development of plants. While historically characterized as a key repressor of flowering in the vernalization, autonomous, and temperature pathways, recent research has revealed that FLC's functions extend far beyond flowering control. This review synthesizes current understanding of FLC's pleiotropic roles in various developmental processes, from seed germination, juvenile-to-adult phase transition and biomass determination, to the establishment of annual/perennial habits. Furthermore, it explores emerging links between FLC and broader environmental adaptation, including plant responses to drought stress, nitrogen availability, and pathogen tolerance, where its role may be both direct and indirect. The molecular mechanisms underlying FLC's expression are explored, encompassing complex multi-layered regulation at transcriptional, post-transcriptional, including alternative splicing (AS) and m⁶A RNA methylation, and epigenetic levels (notably PRC2-mediated H3K27me3 deposition). The discussion also covers how natural sequence variation and transposable elements in the FLC locus contribute to adaptive evolution. By contextualizing recent findings, this review aims not only to summarize FLC's functions as a developmental-stress integrator but also to critically evaluate the strength of evidence, identify persistent knowledge gaps, and propose key questions for future research to move from descriptive association to mechanistic understanding.

开花基因座C （FLC）是一个MADS-box转录因子，整合多种内部和环境信号，精确调控植物的生长发育。虽然历史上被认为是春化、自主和温度通路中开花的关键抑制因子，但最近的研究表明，FLC的功能远远超出了开花控制。本文综述了FLC在各种发育过程中的多效性作用，从种子萌发、幼虫到成虫的相变和生物量的确定，到一年生/多年生习性的建立。此外，它还探讨了FLC与更广泛的环境适应之间的新联系，包括植物对干旱胁迫的反应，氮有效性和病原体耐受性，其中FLC的作用可能是直接和间接的。探究了FLC表达的分子机制，包括转录、转录后的复杂多层调控，包括选择性剪接（AS）和m 26 A RNA甲基化，以及表观遗传水平（特别是prc2介导的H3K27me3沉积）。讨论还涵盖了FLC基因座的自然序列变异和转座因子如何促进适应性进化。通过对最近研究结果的背景分析，本综述不仅旨在总结FLC作为发育应激整合器的功能，而且旨在批判性地评估证据的强度，确定持续的知识空白，并为未来的研究从描述性关联转向机制理解提出关键问题。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis identifies VvMYB90 and VvNAC92 as key regulators mediating anthocyanin biosynthesis and fruit color differentiation in three grape cultivars 转录组学分析发现，VvMYB90和VvNAC92是3个葡萄品种花青素生物合成和果实颜色分化的关键调控因子。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113009

Han Lin , Kaili Mao , Shilong Chai, Jiangmin Lan, Hongbo Xiao, Zhixiong Guo, Tengfei Pan, Wenqin She

‘Shine Muscat’ (YG), ‘Gaoqiansui’ (GQS), and ‘Moldova’ (ME) are three grape cultivars with distinct phenotypic differences in fruits, serving as ideal materials for deciphering the mechanism of grape color differentiation. Currently, the specific mechanisms underlying the regulation of anthocyanin synthesis and color differentiation during grape fruit development require further investigation. To understand these, transcriptomic analysis was performed in this study to compare the different developmental stages of the three grape cultivars. Transcriptomic analysis displayed significant enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways. These pathway-related genes exhibited a significant upregulation in expression during the veraison and maturation stages in the GQS and ME groups, with the most prominent upregulation observed in the ME group. Meanwhile, WGCNA and correlation network heatmap were employed to construct a TF-structural gene regulatory network associated with grape anthocyanin synthesis. VvMYB90 may mediate the regulation of gene-UFGT, whereas VvNAC92 may engage in the regulation of seven structural genes (gene-CHS, gene-GST4, gene-LOC100250360, gene-LOC100250579, gene-LOC100255217, gene-LOC100261962, and gene-UFGT). Collectively, these findings reveal the molecular basis of anthocyanin biosynthesis and color differentiation in grape fruits, providing meaningful insights into the accurate regulation of grape peel color.

“Shine Muscat”（YG）、“高干穗”（GQS）和“Moldova”（ME）是三个果实表型差异明显的葡萄品种，是研究葡萄颜色分化机制的理想材料。目前，葡萄果实发育过程中花青素合成和颜色分化调控的具体机制有待进一步研究。为了了解这些，本研究进行了转录组学分析，比较了三个葡萄品种的不同发育阶段。转录组学分析显示，在苯丙素和类黄酮生物合成途径中，差异表达基因（DEGs）显著富集。这些通路相关基因在GQS组和ME组的变异和成熟阶段均有显著的表达上调，其中ME组的表达上调最为显著。同时，利用WGCNA和相关网络热图构建葡萄花青素合成相关tf结构基因调控网络。VvMYB90可能介导- ufgt基因的调控，而VvNAC92可能参与7个结构基因（基因- chs、基因- gst4、基因- loc100250360、基因- loc100250579、基因- loc100255217、基因- loc100261962和基因- ufgt）的调控。总之，这些发现揭示了葡萄果实花青素生物合成和颜色分化的分子基础，为葡萄果皮颜色的准确调控提供了有意义的见解。

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引用次数: 0

C2H2-type zinc finger proteins: Contributing regulators of plant tolerance to abiotic stress c2h2型锌指蛋白：植物抗非生物胁迫的重要调节因子。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113023

Ying Qu, Yunxuan Feng, Pengguo Xia

C2H2-type zinc finger proteins, as a class of key transcription factors in plants, play a important regulatory role in plant response to a wide range of abiotic stresses, including salt stress, drought, temperature stress, osmotic stress, high light stress and oxidative stress. This paper presents a systematic review of the structural characterization and classification system of C2H2-type zinc finger proteins and their molecular mechanisms involved in abiotic stress response. Research indicates that C2H2-type zinc finger proteins enhance plant stress resistance indirectly by regulating ion homeostasis, promoting the synthesis of osmoregulatory substances, activating reactive oxygen species scavenging systems, and participating in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. In addition, these proteins can indirectly enhance plant adaptation to stressful environments by regulating physiological processes such as stomatal movement and photosynthetic efficiency. This study provides new theoretical basis and strategic ideas for addressing the challenges of global climate change and ensuring food security.

c2h2型锌指蛋白是植物体内的一类关键转录因子，在植物对盐胁迫、干旱胁迫、温度胁迫、渗透胁迫、强光胁迫和氧化胁迫等多种非生物胁迫的响应中发挥重要的调控作用。本文对c2h2型锌指蛋白的结构特征、分类体系及其参与非生物胁迫反应的分子机制进行了系统综述。研究表明，c2h2型锌指蛋白通过调节离子稳态、促进渗透调节物质的合成、激活活性氧清除系统以及参与aba依赖和aba不依赖的信号通路间接增强植物的抗逆性。此外，这些蛋白质可以通过调节气孔运动和光合效率等生理过程间接增强植物对逆境环境的适应能力。该研究为应对全球气候变化挑战、保障粮食安全提供了新的理论依据和战略思路。

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引用次数: 0

Field-deployable CRISPR-cas variants for rapid on-site detection of plant pathogens 用于快速现场检测植物病原体的可现场部署的CRISPR-Cas变体。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113028

Himanshu Saini , Jyoti Yadav , Sharad Pandey , Anand Kumar , Deepak Nanda , Sharad Sachan , Jeevan Jyoti Kaushik

Rapid, field-deployable diagnostics are essential for effective plant disease management. Although CRISPR-Cas systems offer high sensitivity and programmability, their use in on-site plant pathogen detection has been hindered by the lack of standardized, practical workflows. Here we present implementable CRISPR-Cas diagnostic protocols using Cas12a, Cas13a, and miniature Cas variants for rapid detection of major plant pathogens. Three field-ready assays are described: (i) an RPA-Cas12a lateral-flow test for DNA pathogens, (ii) a Cas13a RT-RPA assay for RNA viruses, and (iii) an amplification-free Cas12a electrochemical biosensor suited for portable laboratories. Each protocol includes sample preparation steps, reagent formulations, incubation conditions, and troubleshooting guidance. Across platforms, detection limits of 1–100 copies µL⁻¹ were achieved within 20–45 min, demonstrating analytical sensitivity comparable to conventional PCR-based diagnostics while offering substantially reduced assay time and improved field deployability. We also address practical constraints including sample inhibitors, reagent stability, and biosafety and propose solutions for field implementation. These standardized workflows translate recent advances in CRISPR diagnostics into reproducible, field-deployable tools for plant health surveillance and rapid disease detection.

快速、可现场部署的诊断对于有效的植物病害管理至关重要。尽管CRISPR-Cas系统具有高灵敏度和可编程性，但由于缺乏标准化、实用的工作流程，它们在现场植物病原体检测中的应用一直受到阻碍。在这里，我们提出了可实现的CRISPR-Cas诊断方案，使用Cas12a、Cas13a和微型Cas变体来快速检测主要植物病原体。本文描述了三种现成的现场检测方法：(i) DNA病原体的RPA-Cas12a横向流动检测，（ii） RNA病毒的Cas13a RT-RPA检测，以及（iii）适用于便携式实验室的无扩增Cas12a电化学生物传感器。每个方案包括样品制备步骤，试剂配方，培养条件和故障排除指导。在各个平台上，在20-45分钟内实现了1-100 μ L的检测限，证明了与传统pcr诊断相当的分析灵敏度，同时大大缩短了分析时间，提高了现场部署能力。我们还解决了包括样品抑制剂，试剂稳定性和生物安全性在内的实际限制，并提出了现场实施的解决方案。这些标准化工作流程将CRISPR诊断的最新进展转化为可重复、可现场部署的工具，用于植物健康监测和快速疾病检测。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated QTL mapping and functional analysis reveal GmDWF4.2 as a key regulator of soybean plant height 综合QTL定位和功能分析显示GmDWF4.2是大豆株高的关键调控因子。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113033

Lijuan Ai , Qiang Chen , Yuxin Liu , Cunyi Sun , Xiaolei Shi , Chunjiang Zhou , Sujuan Cui , Hongtao Zhao , Long Yan , Chunyan Yang

Plant height is a key agronomic trait in soybean that is closely associated with yield potential. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms underlying its regulation remain largely elusive. In this study, we employed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population comprising 271 lines evaluated across six environments to dissect the genetic architecture of plant height. A total of eleven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with plant height were identified, including four novel loci (qPH5–1, qPH6–1, qPH6–2, and qPH17–1). Among these, four stable major QTLs (qPH2–1, qPH10–1, qPH18–1, and qPH19–2) were consistently detected across multiple environments, each explaining more than 10 % of the phenotypic variance. Resequencing analysis of the parental lines suggested that E1, E2, Dt2, and E3 represent candidate genes underlying qPH6–3, qPH10–1, qPH18–1, and qPH19–2, respectively. Importantly, Glyma.02G057500 (GmDWF4.2), a soybean ortholog of Arabidopsis AtDWF4, was mapped within the qPH2–1 interval and exhibited exon polymorphisms between the two parental lines, Jidou17 and Suinong14. Functional assays demonstrated that both GmDWF4.2_JD17 and GmDWF4.2_SN14 partially rescued the dwarf phenotype of the Arabidopsis dwf4–102 mutant. Notably, heterologous overexpression of GmDWF4.2_SN14 in wild-type Arabidopsis resulted in a significantly greater increase in plant height compared to that of GmDWF4.2_JD17. Overall, our findings demonstrate that GmDWF4.2 functions as a positive regulator of plant height in soybean and further reveal that the GmDWF4.2_SN14 haplotype confers a stronger promotive effect on this trait. These findings contribute to elucidating the genetic regulatory mechanisms of soybean plant height and provide a theoretical foundation for refining molecular marker-assisted selection strategies for this agronomic trait.

株高是大豆的关键农艺性状，与产量潜力密切相关。然而，其调控的分子机制在很大程度上仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们使用了一个重组自交系（RIL）群体，包括271个系，在6个环境中进行评估，以剖析植物高度的遗传结构。共鉴定到11个与株高相关的数量性状位点，包括4个新位点（qPH5-1、qPH6-1、qPH6-2和qPH17-1）。其中，四个稳定的主要qtl （qPH2-1、qPH10-1、qPH18-1和qPH19-2）在多个环境中被一致检测到，每个qtl解释了超过10%的表型变异。亲本重测序分析表明，E1、E2、Dt2和E3分别代表qPH6-3、qPH10-1、qPH18-1和qPH19-2的候选基因。值得注意的是，拟南芥AtDWF4的大豆同源基因Glyma.02G057500 （GmDWF4.2）在qPH2-1区间内被定位，并在吉豆17号和水农14号亲本间表现出外显子多态性。功能分析表明，GmDWF4.2JD17和GmDWF4.2SN14都部分恢复了拟南芥dwf4-102突变体的矮化表型。值得注意的是，在野生型拟南芥中，GmDWF4.2SN14的异源过表达导致植株高度显著高于GmDWF4.2JD17。综上所述，我们的研究结果表明GmDWF4.2是大豆株高的正调节因子，并进一步揭示GmDWF4.2 sn14单倍型对该性状具有更强的促进作用。这些发现有助于阐明大豆株高的遗传调控机制，并为完善这一农艺性状的分子标记辅助选择策略提供理论基础。

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引用次数: 0

Seed treatment technologies: Effects on physical, functional, and physiological seed quality 种子处理技术：对种子物理、功能和生理品质的影响。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113013

Venicius Urbano Vilela Reis , Everson Reis Carvalho , Imtiyaz Khanday

Seed treatment is a foundational technology in modern agriculture, designed to protect high-value seeds against initial pest and pathogen attacks, among other benefits, ensuring crop establishment. However, the application of complex chemical formulations, although protective, imposes stresses that can compromise seed quality if poorly performed. The objective of this review is to synthesize current knowledge on chemical seed treatment and critically analyze its impacts on the multiple attributes that define seed performance. The effects of seed treatment on physical quality are discussed, highlighting the risk of mechanical damage during processing, and on physiological quality, focusing on the mechanisms of phytotoxicity that can reduce vigor and germination, especially during storage, as well as all factors that can affect this relationship between treatment and physiological quality. Additionally, the emerging functional quality is addressed, analyzing how seed treatment affects plantability and environmental safety. A critical and often neglected balance exists between protective efficacy and seed integrity; therefore, studies for correct execution of seed treatment are essential for maintaining the physiological quality of seeds. Knowledge gaps, especially regarding the interaction between slurry mixture composition, storage, and initial lot quality, indicate the need for future research focused on safer formulations and optimized application technologies to maximize the benefits of seed treatment without compromising seed quality.

种子处理是现代农业的一项基础技术，其目的是保护高价值种子免受病虫害和病原体的侵袭，并确保作物成材。然而，应用复杂的化学配方，虽然保护，施加压力，可以损害种子质量，如果执行不当。这篇综述的目的是综合目前关于化学种子处理的知识，批判性地分析其对定义种子性能的多个属性的影响。讨论了种子处理对物理品质的影响，重点讨论了加工过程中机械损伤的风险；对生理品质的影响，重点讨论了植物毒性降低活力和发芽的机制，特别是在储存过程中，以及所有可能影响处理与生理品质之间关系的因素。此外，还讨论了新出现的功能质量，分析了种子处理如何影响可种植性和环境安全。主要结论是，在保护效果和保存种子完整性之间存在着一个关键的、经常被忽视的平衡；因此，正确执行的研究对于保持种子的生理品质至关重要。知识缺口，特别是关于浆料混合物组成、储存和初始批次质量之间的相互作用，表明未来需要研究更安全的配方和优化的应用技术，以最大限度地提高种子处理的效益，同时不影响种子质量。

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引用次数: 0

A BAHD acyltransferase of cotton affects plant drought tolerance and yield by regulating cuticle formation and cuticle permeability 棉花BAHD酰基转移酶通过调节角质层形成和角质层通透性影响植株抗旱性和产量。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113014

Xiaoxia Shangguan , Hongru Liu , Hongli Li , Huanyang Zhang , Jing Li , Zhiwen Chen

The cuticular layer in plants acts as a vital barrier against drought stress, with BAHD acyltransferase family members playing a key role in cuticle development. This study identified GhACY (GH_A11G0105), a BAHD family gene in cotton, located at the distal end of chromosome A11. Phylogenetic analysis placed GhACY in the second clade of subfamily Ⅰ, closely related to the DCR (defective in cuticular ridges; At5g23940) gene from Arabidopsis. Overexpression (OE) of GhACY in transgenic cotton enhanced drought tolerance and increased cotton yields compared to control lines. Conversely, RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated downregulation of GhACY compromised drought tolerance, with GhACY-RNAi transgenic lines exhibiting significantly reduced yield relative to wild-type plants. Chemical composition analysis revealed significant alteration in cutin and wax biosynthesis and deposition in transgenic cotton. In GhACY-RNAi plants, the content of wax and cutin monomer decreased by more than 35 %, with the predominant cutin compound, 18-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (C18:9-ωHFA), reduced by 60 %. Specific wax compounds, including alkanes (especially nonacosane (C29), long-chain fatty acids, and hydroxylated fatty acids, were notably affected. In contrast, GhACY-OE plants exhibited a 35.4 % increase in total cutin monomer content. The levels of C18 monomers, particularly 18-hydroxy-9-octadecenoic acid (C18:9-ωHFA) and 10,18-trihydroxy-octadecanoic acid (C18:9,10,18-HFA), were significantly elevated compared to wild-type plants. These modifications reduced the permeability of the cotton leaf cuticle, thereby enhancing drought resistance and increasing cotton yield.

植物角质层是抵御干旱胁迫的重要屏障，BAHD酰基转移酶家族成员在角质层发育中起着关键作用。本研究鉴定出棉花BAHD家族基因GhACY （GH_A11G0105）位于A11染色体远端。系统发育分析将GhACY置于Ⅰ亚科的第二进化支，与拟南芥的DCR（表皮脊缺陷；At5g23940）基因密切相关。与对照棉花相比，转基因棉花中GhACY基因的过表达增强了棉花的耐旱性和产量。相反，RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的GhACY下调降低了抗旱性，与野生型植物相比，转基因GhACY-RNAi株系的产量显著降低。化学成分分析表明，转基因棉花的角质和蜡的生物合成和沉积发生了显著变化。在GhACY-RNAi植物中，蜡和角质层单体的含量下降了35%以上，其中主要的角质层化合物18-羟基-9-十八烯酸（C18:9 ω hfa）的含量下降了60%。特定的蜡化合物，包括烷烃（特别是壬烷烷（C29））、长链脂肪酸和羟基化脂肪酸，受到明显影响。相比之下，GhACY-OE植株的总角质单体含量增加了35.4%。C18单体，特别是18-羟基-9-十八烯酸（C18:9 ω hfa）和10,18-三羟基十八烯酸（C18:9,10,18- hfa）的含量显著高于野生型植物。这些修饰降低了棉花叶片角质层的渗透性，从而增强了抗旱性，提高了棉花产量。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic structural changes in wheat seedlings as a response to drought stress 小麦幼苗动态结构变化对干旱胁迫的响应

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2025.112906

Agata Leszczuk, Nataliia Kutyrieva-Nowak

The objective of our research was to define the precise structural response in wheat seedlings correlated with the duration of drought stress. For this purpose, we selected structural components of the cell recognised by specific molecular probes, which are molecules involved in rapid spatial cellular rearrangements: hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins, arabinoxylan, and pectic compounds. Using basic molecular techniques, we marked the transformations occurring within the cell and elucidated the mechanism triggered by growth in the water absence. Our general observations are as follows: 1) remodelling of the cell architecture after just 5 days of drought conditions; 2) tissue-specific responses for drought resistance; 3) drought triggers the aggregation or cross-linking of molecules (appearance of larger molecular mass fractions) and causes degradation or breakdown of components (appearance of low molecular masses); 4) changes in the elemental economy due to modifications in cellular assembly. Our finding of the deposition of un- and esterified homogalacturonans and arabinogalactan proteins indicates reconstruction of the cell as a means of preventing drought effects. A stress-induced higher level of unesterified HGs permits calcium cross-linking, which enhances rigidity and helps in intracellular water preservation. Additionally, the effect is intensified by root structural disorders related to the uptake and subsequent elements transport, whose levels also undergo disruption during drought.

我们研究的目的是确定小麦幼苗的精确结构响应与干旱胁迫的持续时间相关。为此，我们选择了被特定分子探针识别的细胞结构成分，这些分子参与了细胞的快速空间重排：富含羟基脯氨酸的糖蛋白、阿拉伯木聚糖和果胶化合物。利用基本的分子技术，我们标记了细胞内发生的转化，并阐明了在缺乏水的情况下生长引发的机制。我们的总体观察结果如下：1)干旱5天后细胞结构的重塑；2)抗旱性的组织特异性响应；3)干旱触发分子聚集或交联（出现较大的分子质量分数），并导致组分降解或分解（出现低分子质量）；4)由于细胞组装的改变而导致的元素经济的变化。我们的发现沉积的非和酯化的半乳半乳糖和阿拉伯半乳半乳糖蛋白表明重建细胞作为一种手段，防止干旱的影响。应力诱导的较高水平的未酯化hg允许钙交联，从而增强硬度并有助于细胞内水分保存。此外，与吸收和随后的元素运输有关的根系结构紊乱加剧了这种影响，其水平在干旱期间也会受到破坏。

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引用次数: 0

A positive feedback loop between the lncRNA TaHTMAR and TaHGSNAT is essential for thermo-sensitive male fertility in wheat lncRNA TaHTMAR和tahtsnat之间的正反馈回路是小麦温敏雄性育性的必要条件。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113022

Xiaoran Gao, Qiang Geng, Xin Che, Fuqiang Niu, Jinke Liu, Lingling Hu, Xiaoxia Wang, Xiyue Song, Lingli Zhang

Wheat thermo-sensitive male sterility with Aegilops kotschyi cytoplasm (K-TCMS) is a promising system for hybrid breeding, yet the molecular mechanisms governing fertility conversion remain elusive. In the K-TCMS line KTM3315A, we identified a gene pair: TaHGSNAT (encoding a heparin-α-glucosaminide N-acetyltransferase) and its antisense long non-coding RNA, TaHTMAR. These two transcripts synchronized co-expression patterns during pollen development. Distinct subcellular localizations (membrane for TaHGSNAT, cytoplasm for TaHTMAR) were also observed. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) demonstrated that both TaHGSNAT and TaHTMAR are essential for normal pollen development and anther dehiscence. Mechanistic studies using dual-luciferase reporter assays and GUS staining revealed that TaHTMAR functionally upregulates TaHGSNAT expression, suggesting a bidirectional positive feedback loop. Collectively, our findings define a TaHTMAR-TaHGSNAT regulatory module and provide new molecular insights into the genetic control of thermo-sensitive male fertility in wheat.

小麦温敏雄性不育是一种很有前途的杂交育种系统，但其育性转化的分子机制尚不明确。在K-TCMS系KTM3315A中，我们发现了一个基因对：TaHGSNAT（编码肝素-α-氨基葡萄糖n-乙酰转移酶）及其反义长链非编码RNA TaHTMAR。这两个转录本在花粉发育过程中同步共表达模式。不同的亚细胞定位（膜为tagsnat，细胞质为TaHTMAR）也被观察到。病毒诱导的基因沉默（VIGS）表明，TaHTMAR和tagsnat对正常花粉发育和花药裂解都是必需的。利用双荧光素酶报告基因检测和GUS染色进行的机制研究显示，TaHTMAR在功能上上调了TaHTMAR的表达，表明这是一个双向的正反馈回路。总之，我们的研究结果定义了一个TaHTMAR-TaHGSNAT调控模块，并为小麦温敏雄性育性的遗传控制提供了新的分子见解。

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引用次数: 0

BpbZIP61 negatively regulates drought resistance in birch by reducing ascorbic acid content BpbZIP61通过降低抗坏血酸含量负向调节桦树抗旱性。

IF 4.1 2区生物学 Q2 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Plant Science

Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2026.113015

Wenfang Dong, Jiaojiao Wang, Xinyu Wang, Wenshuo Gao, Zhongyuan Liu, Caiqiu Gao

Drought is one of the major limiting factors affecting forest growth and survival. Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factors (TFs) play essential roles in plant responses to drought stress. Here, we identified that BpbZIP61, a drought-induced bZIP TF in birch (Betula platyphylla), functions as a potential negative regulator of drought tolerance. Overexpression of BpbZIP61 resulted in increased leaf water loss, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased activities of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Peroxidase (POD) activities. The overexpressing lines exhibited a significant reduction in ascorbic acid (AsA) content, a finding supported by transcriptomic evidence of downregulated expression in the ascorbate metabolism. We further demonstrated that BpbZIP61 functions as a transcriptional repressor by directly binding to ABRE cis-element in the promoter of BpGGLO6, a key gene in the AsA biosynthesis pathway, thereby suppressing its expression. The findings suggest that BpbZIP61 is a potential negative regulator for drought tolerance in birch, which operates by inhibiting AsA biosynthesis and regulating antioxidant enzyme activities, offering crucial insights for molecular breeding of drought-resistant trees.

干旱是影响森林生长和生存的主要限制因素之一。碱性亮氨酸拉链（bZIP）转录因子在植物对干旱胁迫的响应中起重要作用。本研究发现，白桦（Betula platyphylla）干旱诱导的bZIP转录因子BpbZIP61可能是干旱耐受性的负调控因子。BpbZIP61过表达导致叶片水分流失增加，活性氧（H₂O₂）和丙二醛（MDA）水平升高，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和过氧化物酶（POD）活性降低。过表达系抗坏血酸（AsA）含量显著降低，这一发现得到了抗坏血酸代谢下调表达的转录组学证据的支持。我们进一步证明，BpbZIP61通过直接结合AsA生物合成途径关键基因BpGGLO6启动子中的ABRE顺式元件，从而抑制其表达，从而发挥转录抑制因子的作用。研究结果表明，BpbZIP61是桦树耐旱性的潜在负调控因子，通过抑制AsA生物合成和调节抗氧化酶活性来发挥作用，为抗旱树木的分子育种提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0