Huanhuan Wang, Qi Qu, Jun Yang, Qingbin Tian, Jin Wang, Ji-Ming Gao, Yanping Liu, Yan He
ABSTRACT Achieving uniform dispersion and strong interfacial interaction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in polymer matrices remains a key challenge in the development of high‐performance nanocomposites. Herein, PA6 nanocomposites were prepared via in situ ring‐opening polymerization using multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant. By adjusting MWCNT content (0.1–0.5 wt.%) and PVP/CNT ratio, we elucidated the role of PVP in improving dispersion and interfacial compatibility. PVP enabled non‐covalent interactions (π‐π stacking and hydrogen bonding), leading to reduced CNT agglomeration and enhanced load transfer. Notably, the nanocomposite containing 0.3 wt.% MWCNTs and 0.3 wt.% PVP demonstrated the most balanced mechanical enhancement, achieving increases of 21.9% in tensile strength, 17.2% in tensile modulus, 15.8% in flexural strength, and 32.2% in impact strength compared to PA6. These improvements highlight the synergistic role of PVP in promoting nanotube dispersion and interfacial load transfer. Moreover, rheological analysis revealed a viscosity‐enhancing effect induced by the semi‐interconnected CNT‐PVP structure, which hindered molecular mobility and contributed to stress transfer across the interface. This work elucidates the molecular‐level mechanism of PVP‐assisted CNT dispersion in PA6 nanocomposites and highlights a scalable strategy for tailoring interfacial structures in CNT‐reinforced thermoplastics, offering valuable insights into the rational design of high‐performance nanocomposite systems.
{"title":"Synergistic Dispersion and Interfacial Reinforcement of <scp>MWCNTs</scp> in <scp>PA6</scp> Nanocomposites Enabled by <scp>PVP</scp> : Enhancing Mechanical Performance","authors":"Huanhuan Wang, Qi Qu, Jun Yang, Qingbin Tian, Jin Wang, Ji-Ming Gao, Yanping Liu, Yan He","doi":"10.1002/pen.70194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70194","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Achieving uniform dispersion and strong interfacial interaction of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in polymer matrices remains a key challenge in the development of high‐performance nanocomposites. Herein, PA6 nanocomposites were prepared via in situ ring‐opening polymerization using multi‐walled CNTs (MWCNTs) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a dispersant. By adjusting MWCNT content (0.1–0.5 wt.%) and PVP/CNT ratio, we elucidated the role of PVP in improving dispersion and interfacial compatibility. PVP enabled non‐covalent interactions (π‐π stacking and hydrogen bonding), leading to reduced CNT agglomeration and enhanced load transfer. Notably, the nanocomposite containing 0.3 wt.% MWCNTs and 0.3 wt.% PVP demonstrated the most balanced mechanical enhancement, achieving increases of 21.9% in tensile strength, 17.2% in tensile modulus, 15.8% in flexural strength, and 32.2% in impact strength compared to PA6. These improvements highlight the synergistic role of PVP in promoting nanotube dispersion and interfacial load transfer. Moreover, rheological analysis revealed a viscosity‐enhancing effect induced by the semi‐interconnected CNT‐PVP structure, which hindered molecular mobility and contributed to stress transfer across the interface. This work elucidates the molecular‐level mechanism of PVP‐assisted CNT dispersion in PA6 nanocomposites and highlights a scalable strategy for tailoring interfacial structures in CNT‐reinforced thermoplastics, offering valuable insights into the rational design of high‐performance nanocomposite systems.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"66 1","pages":"122-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a well‐known source of indoor air pollution, and the removal of HCHO under room temperature has emerged as an important aspect of indoor air purification. In this study, the co‐deposition layer of polydopamine (PDA) and tannic acid was used as the interlayer for the in situ growth of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) on PP needle‐punched nonwovens. The effects of concentration and pH of the KMnO 4 solution on the structure and performances of the PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens were characterized using SEM, FTIR, SEM, XPS, TG, XRD, etc. The results showed that the optimal PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens can be prepared at a KMnO 4 concentration of 0.09 mol·L −1 and a pH of 5.5 at 80°C. The PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens exhibited effective HCHO removal performance at room temperature, achieving a removal efficiency of 47.9%. Additionally, the prepared PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens exhibited excellent antibacterial properties and photothermal conversion capability. This work provides a new perspective on the use of nonwoven‐based materials to remove indoor air pollutants and has great potential in improving indoor air quality.
{"title":"One Stone, Three Birds: Mussel‐Inspired Fabrication of Polypropylene/ <scp> MnO <sub>2</sub> </scp> Composite Nonwovens for Formaldehyde Removal, Antibacterial Activity, and Photothermal Conversion","authors":"Ying Ma, J. Sun, Xinya Wang, Mingxing Chen, Wenlong Ma, Wei Zhang, Yanjie Wu","doi":"10.1002/pen.70192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70192","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a well‐known source of indoor air pollution, and the removal of HCHO under room temperature has emerged as an important aspect of indoor air purification. In this study, the co‐deposition layer of polydopamine (PDA) and tannic acid was used as the interlayer for the in situ growth of manganese dioxide (MnO 2 ) on PP needle‐punched nonwovens. The effects of concentration and pH of the KMnO 4 solution on the structure and performances of the PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens were characterized using SEM, FTIR, SEM, XPS, TG, XRD, etc. The results showed that the optimal PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens can be prepared at a KMnO 4 concentration of 0.09 mol·L −1 and a pH of 5.5 at 80°C. The PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens exhibited effective HCHO removal performance at room temperature, achieving a removal efficiency of 47.9%. Additionally, the prepared PP/MnO 2 composite nonwovens exhibited excellent antibacterial properties and photothermal conversion capability. This work provides a new perspective on the use of nonwoven‐based materials to remove indoor air pollutants and has great potential in improving indoor air quality.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 12","pages":"7124-7135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Recent advancements have brought significant focus on wearable flexible strain sensors, primarily owing to their extensive applicability across various technological domains. Nonetheless, the development of flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity, high strength, and extensive strain range persists as a significant challenge in the field. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) was uniformly coated on the surface of β‐alanine (Ala)‐modified epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) by in situ polymerization to prepare an A‐ENR‐g‐PPy composite with a core‐shell structure. The covalent bonding link between the polypyrrole and the epoxidized natural rubber helps to establish an effective conductive network within the epoxidized natural rubber matrix. As a result, the strain sensor has a fast response (153 ms) and excellent cycling stability (over 2000 cycles at 40% strain). The gauge factor (GF) is 5.4 for strain below 100%, reaching 6845.6 for strain above 550%. In addition, A‐ENR‐g‐PPy‐based flexible strain sensors can accurately monitor and differentiate between small and large body movements such as finger, wrist, elbow, and knee bending as well as mouth opening and blinking. This sensor shows great potential for applications in wearable flexible electronics.
最近的进展引起了人们对可穿戴柔性应变传感器的极大关注，主要是由于它们在各种技术领域的广泛适用性。然而，开发具有高灵敏度、高强度和大应变范围的柔性应变传感器仍然是该领域的一个重大挑战。本研究采用原位聚合的方法，将聚吡咯（PPy）均匀涂覆在β -丙氨酸（Ala）改性环氧化天然橡胶（ENR）表面，制备了具有核-壳结构的A - ENR - g - PPy复合材料。聚吡咯与环氧化天然橡胶之间的共价键连接有助于在环氧化天然橡胶基体内建立有效的导电网络。因此，应变传感器具有快速响应（153 ms）和出色的循环稳定性（在40%应变下超过2000次循环）。应变低于100%时，测量因子GF为5.4，应变高于550%时，测量因子GF为6845.6。此外，基于A‐ENR‐g‐PPy‐的柔性应变传感器可以准确地监测和区分身体的大小运动，如手指、手腕、肘部和膝盖弯曲以及张嘴和眨眼。该传感器在可穿戴柔性电子产品中显示出巨大的应用潜力。
{"title":"Flexible Strain Sensor With High Sensitivity Based on β‐Alanine‐Modified Epoxidized Natural Rubber Grafted Polypyrrole Conductive Composite","authors":"Ruimeng Lu, Yizhong Yuan, Huimei Yu, Jinyu Sun, Xiaohui Tian, Chunhua Cai, Yao Zhang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70185","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent advancements have brought significant focus on wearable flexible strain sensors, primarily owing to their extensive applicability across various technological domains. Nonetheless, the development of flexible strain sensors with high sensitivity, high strength, and extensive strain range persists as a significant challenge in the field. In this study, polypyrrole (PPy) was uniformly coated on the surface of β‐alanine (Ala)‐modified epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) by in situ polymerization to prepare an A‐ENR‐g‐PPy composite with a core‐shell structure. The covalent bonding link between the polypyrrole and the epoxidized natural rubber helps to establish an effective conductive network within the epoxidized natural rubber matrix. As a result, the strain sensor has a fast response (153 ms) and excellent cycling stability (over 2000 cycles at 40% strain). The gauge factor (GF) is 5.4 for strain below 100%, reaching 6845.6 for strain above 550%. In addition, A‐ENR‐g‐PPy‐based flexible strain sensors can accurately monitor and differentiate between small and large body movements such as finger, wrist, elbow, and knee bending as well as mouth opening and blinking. This sensor shows great potential for applications in wearable flexible electronics.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 12","pages":"7057-7068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yong Wang, Yanqin Shi, Haojie Li, Meng Ma, Si Chen, Yulu Zhu, Huiwen He, Xu Wang
ABSTRACT Epoxy adhesive is becoming increasingly widely used in industry and daily life. There are many requirements to adhere to high and low polar interfaces simultaneously. In this work, a high polar epoxy resin, N , N ‐bis(4‐(oxiran‐2‐ylmethoxy) phenyl) adipamide (BOYPA), was designed and prepared. The relationship between the curing temperature and the curing time and the curing reaction kinetics equations of BOYPA and Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) with diethylenetriamine (DETA) was clarified by the study of the curing kinetics according to the Kissinger equation and the Crane equation. Compared with DGEBA, BOYPA required higher curing activation energy and had a lower curing reaction rate. The curing reaction of BOYPA and DGEBA was both a simple curing reaction. Moreover, the peel strength between the PP film and PA6 board bonded by the mixture of BOYPA and DGEBA could be obviously enhanced with the increase of BOYPA content due to the proper polarity and the formation of hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the impact strength of the mixture of BOYPA and DGEBA was significantly improved because of the good toughness of BOYPA. As a result, this work provided a simple method for regulating the bonding properties of epoxy adhesive for different adherent surfaces.
环氧胶粘剂在工业和日常生活中的应用越来越广泛。同时遵守高极性和低极性接口有许多要求。本研究设计并制备了一种高极性环氧树脂N， N -二（4 -（氧基- 2 -甲氧基）苯基）己二胺（BOYPA）。根据Kissinger方程和Crane方程对BOYPA和双酚A二甘油酯醚（DGEBA）与二乙烯三胺（DETA）的固化反应动力学进行了研究，明确了固化温度与固化时间的关系和固化反应动力学方程。与DGEBA相比，BOYPA所需的固化活化能更高，固化反应速率更低。BOYPA和DGEBA的固化反应都是简单的固化反应。此外，BOYPA和DGEBA复合材料复合的PP膜与PA6板之间的剥离强度可以随着BOYPA含量的增加而明显增强，这是由于BOYPA的极性和氢键的形成。同时，由于BOYPA具有良好的韧性，BOYPA与DGEBA混合料的冲击强度显著提高。因此，本工作提供了一种简单的方法来调节环氧胶粘剂对不同粘附表面的粘合性能。
{"title":"Amino‐Functionalized Epoxy Resin With Enhanced Adhesion for Bonding Polyamide 6 Board and Polypropylene Film by Regulate Polarity and Forming Hydrogen Bonds","authors":"Yong Wang, Yanqin Shi, Haojie Li, Meng Ma, Si Chen, Yulu Zhu, Huiwen He, Xu Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70113","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Epoxy adhesive is becoming increasingly widely used in industry and daily life. There are many requirements to adhere to high and low polar interfaces simultaneously. In this work, a high polar epoxy resin, N , N ‐bis(4‐(oxiran‐2‐ylmethoxy) phenyl) adipamide (BOYPA), was designed and prepared. The relationship between the curing temperature and the curing time and the curing reaction kinetics equations of BOYPA and Bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (DGEBA) with diethylenetriamine (DETA) was clarified by the study of the curing kinetics according to the Kissinger equation and the Crane equation. Compared with DGEBA, BOYPA required higher curing activation energy and had a lower curing reaction rate. The curing reaction of BOYPA and DGEBA was both a simple curing reaction. Moreover, the peel strength between the PP film and PA6 board bonded by the mixture of BOYPA and DGEBA could be obviously enhanced with the increase of BOYPA content due to the proper polarity and the formation of hydrogen bonds. Meanwhile, the impact strength of the mixture of BOYPA and DGEBA was significantly improved because of the good toughness of BOYPA. As a result, this work provided a simple method for regulating the bonding properties of epoxy adhesive for different adherent surfaces.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 11","pages":"6073-6089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhichao He, Li Chang, Chunyan Hu, M. D. Fojla Rabbe Forhad, Yanfen Zhou, Shaojuan Chen, Liang Jiang
ABSTRACT Flexible strain sensors (FSS) that offer a broad sensing range and enhanced sensitivity are essential for advancing wearable technology. In this work, highly FSS was developed by embedding Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into elastic styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene (SEBS) melt‐blown nonwoven fabric. Benefiting from the synergetic effect of two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets and one‐dimensional MWCNTs, the composite nonwoven fabric exhibited high electrical conductivity and an extensive strain sensing range from 0% to 268% with high sensitivity (maximum gauge factor of 126,526.15) and reliable long‐term stability. The sensor, constructed from the composite nonwoven fabric, was adeptly employed to detect motions across various human body parts, including the elbow joint, wrist joints, knuckle, knee, and Achilles tendon, demonstrating encouraging potential for applications in wearable technology.
柔性应变传感器（FSS）提供广泛的传感范围和增强的灵敏度是推进可穿戴技术必不可少的。在这项工作中，通过将Ti - 2c - T - MXene和多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）嵌入弹性苯乙烯-乙烯-丁烯-苯乙烯（SEBS）熔喷非织造布中，开发了高度FSS。得益于二维MXene纳米片和一维MWCNTs的协同作用，复合无纺布具有高导电性，应变传感范围从0%到268%，灵敏度高（最大测量因子为126,526.15）和可靠的长期稳定性。该传感器由复合非织造布制成，可以熟练地检测人体各个部位的运动，包括肘关节、手腕关节、指关节、膝盖和跟腱，显示出在可穿戴技术中的应用潜力。
{"title":"Highly Flexible and Stretchable Strain Sensor Based on Elastic Melt‐Blown Nonwovens Fabric Deposited With <scp>MXene</scp>/<scp>MWCNTs</scp>","authors":"Zhichao He, Li Chang, Chunyan Hu, M. D. Fojla Rabbe Forhad, Yanfen Zhou, Shaojuan Chen, Liang Jiang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70093","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Flexible strain sensors (FSS) that offer a broad sensing range and enhanced sensitivity are essential for advancing wearable technology. In this work, highly FSS was developed by embedding Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into elastic styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene (SEBS) melt‐blown nonwoven fabric. Benefiting from the synergetic effect of two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets and one‐dimensional MWCNTs, the composite nonwoven fabric exhibited high electrical conductivity and an extensive strain sensing range from 0% to 268% with high sensitivity (maximum gauge factor of 126,526.15) and reliable long‐term stability. The sensor, constructed from the composite nonwoven fabric, was adeptly employed to detect motions across various human body parts, including the elbow joint, wrist joints, knuckle, knee, and Achilles tendon, demonstrating encouraging potential for applications in wearable technology.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5589-5598"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147332543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bozhen Wu, Xuejiao Song, Peng Wu, Yongkang Meng, Yanghua Song, Zhongpu Shi, Yan Liu
ABSTRACT Polyamide 6 (PA6) microspheres are typically prepared via phase transfer during in situ anionic polymerization of caprolactam (CL) induced by single hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers. However, systematic studies on the influence of amphiphilic polymers on PA6 microsphere morphology are lacking. In this study, amphiphilic PS‐b‐PEG‐b‐PS block copolymers were synthesized by electron transfer activated regenerated atomic transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP). Polyethylene glycol (PEG), as a typical hydrophilic polymer, exhibits significant influence on interfacial properties and phase separation behavior through its molecular weight variations. In pure PEG systems, PA6 microspheres transformed from continuous phase (PEG2K) to isolated spherical structures (PEG6K). After introducing polystyrene (PS) segments onto PEG chains, PA6/PS‐b‐PEG‐b‐PS blends formed with significantly increased microsphere size due to reduced interfacial tension. Through thermodynamic and kinetic analysis, we revealed the microstructural regulatory mechanism of interfacial tension and compatibility competition. PA6 microspheres were further developed into PA6@Ni magnetic microspheres and combined with conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) to construct magnetic–electric gradient AgNWs/PA6@Ni/CNF‐H (CPNA‐H) composite films. The CPNA‐H composite films achieved a total shielding effectiveness of 62.85 dB in the X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz), 13.9% higher than non‐magnetic AgNWs/CNF films, providing theoretical guidance for polymer blends microstructural design and lightweight electromagnetic shielding materials development.
{"title":"<scp>PA6</scp> Microspheres Synthesized by In Situ Anionic Phase Transfer Polymerization for Electromagnetic Shielding","authors":"Bozhen Wu, Xuejiao Song, Peng Wu, Yongkang Meng, Yanghua Song, Zhongpu Shi, Yan Liu","doi":"10.1002/pen.70084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polyamide 6 (PA6) microspheres are typically prepared via phase transfer during in situ anionic polymerization of caprolactam (CL) induced by single hydrophilic or hydrophobic polymers. However, systematic studies on the influence of amphiphilic polymers on PA6 microsphere morphology are lacking. In this study, amphiphilic PS‐b‐PEG‐b‐PS block copolymers were synthesized by electron transfer activated regenerated atomic transfer radical polymerization (AGET ATRP). Polyethylene glycol (PEG), as a typical hydrophilic polymer, exhibits significant influence on interfacial properties and phase separation behavior through its molecular weight variations. In pure PEG systems, PA6 microspheres transformed from continuous phase (PEG2K) to isolated spherical structures (PEG6K). After introducing polystyrene (PS) segments onto PEG chains, PA6/PS‐b‐PEG‐b‐PS blends formed with significantly increased microsphere size due to reduced interfacial tension. Through thermodynamic and kinetic analysis, we revealed the microstructural regulatory mechanism of interfacial tension and compatibility competition. PA6 microspheres were further developed into PA6@Ni magnetic microspheres and combined with conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) to construct magnetic–electric gradient AgNWs/PA6@Ni/CNF‐H (CPNA‐H) composite films. The CPNA‐H composite films achieved a total shielding effectiveness of 62.85 dB in the X‐band (8.2–12.4 GHz), 13.9% higher than non‐magnetic AgNWs/CNF films, providing theoretical guidance for polymer blends microstructural design and lightweight electromagnetic shielding materials development.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 11","pages":"5836-5850"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xihao Yang, Xiuling Lin, Shuo Wang, Yong Chen, Xiangyu Dai
ABSTRACT The selection of appropriate materials for adjusting the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun fiber membrane is an essential objective. In this study, a novel PVA/hydroxypropyl cellulose (PVA/HPC) composite fiber membrane was fabricated through electrospinning technology. The water‐soluble HPC served as an additive to modify the structures and properties of the PVA electrospun fiber membrane. The electrospinning process was optimized with an 8% PVA solution containing different contents of HPC additive, achieving continuous fiber formation at 20 kV applied voltage with a 16 cm collector distance, which significantly improved the spinnability of PVA solutions. The addition of HPC can improve the mechanical properties of the PVA fiber membrane. The PVA/HPC fiber membrane displayed an ideal capacity for sustained drug release and exhibited significant antibacterial activity. The P8H1.5 (PVA/HPC was 8%/1.5%) fibers, which were uniform and defect‐free, demonstrated the best release effect and antibacterial activity. These results suggested that HPC is an ideal material for improving the properties of the PVA electrospun fiber membrane and that the PVA/HPC fiber membrane could be a potential antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory material for medical applications.
{"title":"Effect of <scp>HPC</scp> Incorporation on Structures and Properties of <scp>PVA</scp> Electrospun Fiber Membrane","authors":"Xihao Yang, Xiuling Lin, Shuo Wang, Yong Chen, Xiangyu Dai","doi":"10.1002/pen.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70096","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The selection of appropriate materials for adjusting the properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) electrospun fiber membrane is an essential objective. In this study, a novel PVA/hydroxypropyl cellulose (PVA/HPC) composite fiber membrane was fabricated through electrospinning technology. The water‐soluble HPC served as an additive to modify the structures and properties of the PVA electrospun fiber membrane. The electrospinning process was optimized with an 8% PVA solution containing different contents of HPC additive, achieving continuous fiber formation at 20 kV applied voltage with a 16 cm collector distance, which significantly improved the spinnability of PVA solutions. The addition of HPC can improve the mechanical properties of the PVA fiber membrane. The PVA/HPC fiber membrane displayed an ideal capacity for sustained drug release and exhibited significant antibacterial activity. The P8H1.5 (PVA/HPC was 8%/1.5%) fibers, which were uniform and defect‐free, demonstrated the best release effect and antibacterial activity. These results suggested that HPC is an ideal material for improving the properties of the PVA electrospun fiber membrane and that the PVA/HPC fiber membrane could be a potential antibacterial and anti‐inflammatory material for medical applications.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5627-5635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pen.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This study presents a reusable adsorbent material for industrial wastewater treatment. Double‐network interpenetrating gel beads were prepared via condensation reaction and hydrogen bonding between sodium alginate and collagen, combined with PVA and ion crosslinking. The addition of collagen enhanced the equilibrium swelling ratio, strengthened the double‐network structure, and increased adsorption sites. Optimal adsorption of tannic acid occurred at a collagen/PVA mass ratio of 1:2, achieving a maximum capacity of 261.53 mg/g and a removal rate of 78.46%. Influenced by multiple factors, the adsorption process followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetics, indicating chemisorption dominance. The beads maintained good adsorption capacity and structural stability over four adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating excellent reusability.
{"title":"Polyvinyl Alcohol/Sodium Alginate/Collagen ( <scp>PVA</scp> / <scp>SA</scp> /Col) Hydrogel Beads: Preparation of a Novel Double‐Layer Network Interpenetrating Hydrogel Material and Evaluation of Tannic Acid Adsorption Properties","authors":"Ge Yan, Qifeng Chen, Lixin Zhang, Yunjia Wang","doi":"10.1002/pen.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70086","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study presents a reusable adsorbent material for industrial wastewater treatment. Double‐network interpenetrating gel beads were prepared via condensation reaction and hydrogen bonding between sodium alginate and collagen, combined with PVA and ion crosslinking. The addition of collagen enhanced the equilibrium swelling ratio, strengthened the double‐network structure, and increased adsorption sites. Optimal adsorption of tannic acid occurred at a collagen/PVA mass ratio of 1:2, achieving a maximum capacity of 261.53 mg/g and a removal rate of 78.46%. Influenced by multiple factors, the adsorption process followed pseudo‐second‐order kinetics, indicating chemisorption dominance. The beads maintained good adsorption capacity and structural stability over four adsorption–desorption cycles, demonstrating excellent reusability.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 11","pages":"5851-5863"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahao Duan, Houwang Wang, Linhao Xie, Xiaodong Qian, Mei Wan, Mei Wan
ABSTRACT A bio‐based phytate (PA)‐intercalated Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide (LDH‐PA) was successfully synthesized via a calcination‐reconstruction method and incorporated into polypropylene (PP) as an efficient flame retardant. LDH‐C precursors were first prepared by co‐precipitation combined with hydrothermal treatment, followed by calcination at 500°C to obtain layered double oxides (LDO). Subsequent anion exchange with phytate under a nitrogen atmosphere reconstructed the LDH structure, introducing PA anions into the interlayer. The results from multiple characterization techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of phytate anions. The PP/LDH‐PA composites exhibited markedly enhanced thermal stability. At a loading of 15 wt% LDH‐PA, the maximum thermal decomposition rate decreased by 19.0%, and the residual char yield increased to 12.72 wt%. The composite achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 26.8% and attained a UL‐94 V‐1 rating. Cone calorimeter tests showed that, compared with pure PP, the PP/LDH‐PA 15 composite reduced the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), total smoke release (TSR), peak CO release rate, and peak CO 2 release rate by 29.6%, 19.2%, 41.2%, 13.4%, 35.3%, and 32.4%, respectively. These enhancements can be mainly ascribed to three factors: (i) the compact char layer catalyzed by LDH‐PA offers a physical barrier effect; (ii) during the LDH decomposition, the carbon dioxide and crystalline water released generate a dilution effect; (iii) PA brings about a radical‐quenching mechanism.
{"title":"Modified <scp>LDHs</scp> for Long‐Lasting Fire Safety in Polypropylene: Simultaneous Flame Retardancy and Smoke Toxicity Reduction","authors":"Jiahao Duan, Houwang Wang, Linhao Xie, Xiaodong Qian, Mei Wan, Mei Wan","doi":"10.1002/pen.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70101","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A bio‐based phytate (PA)‐intercalated Mg‐Al layered double hydroxide (LDH‐PA) was successfully synthesized via a calcination‐reconstruction method and incorporated into polypropylene (PP) as an efficient flame retardant. LDH‐C precursors were first prepared by co‐precipitation combined with hydrothermal treatment, followed by calcination at 500°C to obtain layered double oxides (LDO). Subsequent anion exchange with phytate under a nitrogen atmosphere reconstructed the LDH structure, introducing PA anions into the interlayer. The results from multiple characterization techniques confirmed the successful incorporation of phytate anions. The PP/LDH‐PA composites exhibited markedly enhanced thermal stability. At a loading of 15 wt% LDH‐PA, the maximum thermal decomposition rate decreased by 19.0%, and the residual char yield increased to 12.72 wt%. The composite achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 26.8% and attained a UL‐94 V‐1 rating. Cone calorimeter tests showed that, compared with pure PP, the PP/LDH‐PA 15 composite reduced the peak heat release rate (PHRR), total heat release (THR), peak smoke production rate (PSPR), total smoke release (TSR), peak CO release rate, and peak CO 2 release rate by 29.6%, 19.2%, 41.2%, 13.4%, 35.3%, and 32.4%, respectively. These enhancements can be mainly ascribed to three factors: (i) the compact char layer catalyzed by LDH‐PA offers a physical barrier effect; (ii) during the LDH decomposition, the carbon dioxide and crystalline water released generate a dilution effect; (iii) PA brings about a radical‐quenching mechanism.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 11","pages":"5935-5949"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT As a promising strategy, phase change materials (PCMs) are essential for optimizing energy utilization. However, conventional PCMs still face persistent challenges such as leakage and brittleness. This study offers an effective strategy by introducing ionomers with improved flexibility to prepare form‐stable phase change materials (FSPCMs). We formulated a binary eutectic mixture CP, composed of capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA), to develop a PCM suitable for phase transition at room temperature. Zinc‐neutralized sulfonated EPDM (Zn‐SEPDM) ionomers were synthesized as support material. The outstanding compatibility between fatty acids and Zn‐SEPDM ionomers contributes to enhancing the leak‐proof performance of FSPCM. The prepared Zn‐SEPDM/CP‐40 showed remarkable flexibility, achieving a maximum elongation at break of 617% and a tensile strength of 3.5 MPa. The introduction of diatomite (DA) not only enhanced the shape stability but also further prevented the leakage of PCMs. In particular, Zn‐SEPDM/CP@DA‐40 exhibited good flexibility and a CP residual mass rate of 99.45%. It also had remarkable regulation ability in the temperature range of 16.9°C–25.9°C. Furthermore, the incorporation of ionomers provides a green strategy for processing energy storage sheets, with processing temperatures below 100°C.
{"title":"Long‐Term Form‐Stable Phase Change Materials Based on Ionomers and Fatty Acid Eutectics for Thermal Management","authors":"Mingshuo Liu, Wenqiang Yan, Zhenwei Shi, Qian Ma, Shilong Wang, Yunhao Bao, Pinghou Sheng, Yun Ding","doi":"10.1002/pen.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.70085","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As a promising strategy, phase change materials (PCMs) are essential for optimizing energy utilization. However, conventional PCMs still face persistent challenges such as leakage and brittleness. This study offers an effective strategy by introducing ionomers with improved flexibility to prepare form‐stable phase change materials (FSPCMs). We formulated a binary eutectic mixture CP, composed of capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA), to develop a PCM suitable for phase transition at room temperature. Zinc‐neutralized sulfonated EPDM (Zn‐SEPDM) ionomers were synthesized as support material. The outstanding compatibility between fatty acids and Zn‐SEPDM ionomers contributes to enhancing the leak‐proof performance of FSPCM. The prepared Zn‐SEPDM/CP‐40 showed remarkable flexibility, achieving a maximum elongation at break of 617% and a tensile strength of 3.5 MPa. The introduction of diatomite (DA) not only enhanced the shape stability but also further prevented the leakage of PCMs. In particular, Zn‐SEPDM/CP@DA‐40 exhibited good flexibility and a CP residual mass rate of 99.45%. It also had remarkable regulation ability in the temperature range of 16.9°C–25.9°C. Furthermore, the incorporation of ionomers provides a green strategy for processing energy storage sheets, with processing temperatures below 100°C.","PeriodicalId":20281,"journal":{"name":"Polymer Engineering and Science","volume":"65 10","pages":"5523-5534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147330641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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