Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1177/09544062241274862
Harvir Singh, Aayush Gupta
Aluminum alloys are widely used in various industries due to their as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and good corrosion resistance. However, their wear resistance is often inadequate for certain applications. Utilization of industrial waste materials, such as iron slag, as reinforcement in aluminum alloy matrix composites offers a sustainable approach to material development and waste management. The utilization of industrial waste materials for aluminum alloy matrix composite fabrication offers a waste utilization to material development. The loading of this reinforcement varied from 0 to 15 wt.% and different particle size range (220-140, 140-70, and 70-0 µm). A microscopic analysis indicated that the iron slag particles are spread uniformly inside the metallic matrix. There is also a reduction in the size of primary silicon, as well as morphological changes (acicular to globular shape). The wear behavior was calculated using a pin-on-disk wear set up in accordance with ASTM G99 standard. The composites were employed to dry sliding wear test under various operating conditions such as applied pressure (0.2–1.4 MPa), and sliding distance (0–3000 m). The 15F composite outperformed all other composite samples in terms of wear rate under all working conditions. When compared to the base alloy, it demonstrated a remarkable 67% drop in steady state wear rate. The enhancements in wear performance for the 15F composite were attributed to the effects of Fe slag reinforcement. The inclusion of iron slag particles induced strong interfacial bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles improving the durability of the mechanical mixed layer developed during relative motion. Importantly, the wear rate parameters of the 15F composite were similar to those of the brake drum material used in commercial applications. This emphasizes the composite suitability for usage in a variety of automobile components.
{"title":"Microstructural and wear properties of iron slag reinforced aluminum alloy (LM30) based composite prepared through a stir casting method","authors":"Harvir Singh, Aayush Gupta","doi":"10.1177/09544062241274862","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241274862","url":null,"abstract":"Aluminum alloys are widely used in various industries due to their as low density, high strength-to-weight ratio, and good corrosion resistance. However, their wear resistance is often inadequate for certain applications. Utilization of industrial waste materials, such as iron slag, as reinforcement in aluminum alloy matrix composites offers a sustainable approach to material development and waste management. The utilization of industrial waste materials for aluminum alloy matrix composite fabrication offers a waste utilization to material development. The loading of this reinforcement varied from 0 to 15 wt.% and different particle size range (220-140, 140-70, and 70-0 µm). A microscopic analysis indicated that the iron slag particles are spread uniformly inside the metallic matrix. There is also a reduction in the size of primary silicon, as well as morphological changes (acicular to globular shape). The wear behavior was calculated using a pin-on-disk wear set up in accordance with ASTM G99 standard. The composites were employed to dry sliding wear test under various operating conditions such as applied pressure (0.2–1.4 MPa), and sliding distance (0–3000 m). The 15F composite outperformed all other composite samples in terms of wear rate under all working conditions. When compared to the base alloy, it demonstrated a remarkable 67% drop in steady state wear rate. The enhancements in wear performance for the 15F composite were attributed to the effects of Fe slag reinforcement. The inclusion of iron slag particles induced strong interfacial bonding between matrix and reinforcement particles improving the durability of the mechanical mixed layer developed during relative motion. Importantly, the wear rate parameters of the 15F composite were similar to those of the brake drum material used in commercial applications. This emphasizes the composite suitability for usage in a variety of automobile components.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-28DOI: 10.1177/09544062241270507
Tsung-Han Hsieh, Ming-Xian Lin
Roundness measurement is critical in manufacturing, as it ensures that products conform to precise design specifications. However, traditional multistep measurements for roundness error separation are time-consuming and limited in their ability to separate specific Fourier components. In this study, we propose a novel combined multistep measurement method with prime numbers that overcomes these limitations. We demonstrate this method through three experimental cases, achieving high levels of Fourier components in error separation with a limited number of measurements. Our method combines two ( p and q) or three ( p, q, and r) steps of prime numbers to achieve high levels of Fourier components for error separation, compared to traditional multistep measurements that require more steps. In the first experimental case, we use a 2-step and 5-step measurement to achieve traditional multistep measurement in ten steps. In the second case, we use 3-step and 5-step measurements, and in the third, we combine the 2-step, 3-step, and 5-step measurements. We achieve roundness deviations (RONt) of 12.7, 7.8, and 9.9 nm, respectively, and maximum En-values of 0.8, 0.8, and 0.7, respectively. Our proposed combined multistep measurement method using prime numbers has practical applications in manufacturing, as it reduces the time and resources required for roundness error separation while achieving a higher level of Fourier components. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and its potential to revolutionize roundness measurement in industry.
{"title":"Prime number-based multistep measurement for separation of roundness errors","authors":"Tsung-Han Hsieh, Ming-Xian Lin","doi":"10.1177/09544062241270507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241270507","url":null,"abstract":"Roundness measurement is critical in manufacturing, as it ensures that products conform to precise design specifications. However, traditional multistep measurements for roundness error separation are time-consuming and limited in their ability to separate specific Fourier components. In this study, we propose a novel combined multistep measurement method with prime numbers that overcomes these limitations. We demonstrate this method through three experimental cases, achieving high levels of Fourier components in error separation with a limited number of measurements. Our method combines two ( p and q) or three ( p, q, and r) steps of prime numbers to achieve high levels of Fourier components for error separation, compared to traditional multistep measurements that require more steps. In the first experimental case, we use a 2-step and 5-step measurement to achieve traditional multistep measurement in ten steps. In the second case, we use 3-step and 5-step measurements, and in the third, we combine the 2-step, 3-step, and 5-step measurements. We achieve roundness deviations (RONt) of 12.7, 7.8, and 9.9 nm, respectively, and maximum En-values of 0.8, 0.8, and 0.7, respectively. Our proposed combined multistep measurement method using prime numbers has practical applications in manufacturing, as it reduces the time and resources required for roundness error separation while achieving a higher level of Fourier components. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method and its potential to revolutionize roundness measurement in industry.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1177/09544062241271627
Suhail Ganiny, Majid H Koul, Babar Ahmad
Previous studies on the stability analysis of haptic devices have predominantly focused on single-DOF devices, thereby limiting attention to multi-DOF devices, particularly those employing multi-rate sampling schemes. In this paper, we introduce a formulation for the coupled dynamics between the haptic device and the virtual environment for a multi-DOF haptic device controlled using a dual-rate sampling scheme. Subsequently, we analyze its stability through the application of a dynamic decoupling strategy within an exact discrete-time state-space framework while the device is engaged in rendering a virtual wall along one of its operational space coordinates. Furthermore, we explore how the combined influence of the dual-rate sampling approach, time delay, and the mechanical design affects the stability boundaries of the multi-DOF haptic device at a fixed workspace location as well as within the entire usable workspace. Additionally, we utilize a model-order reduction (MOR) framework to simplify the determination of the device’s stability limits, irrespective of the specific combinations of time delay and sampling rates employed.
{"title":"Exact discrete-time stability analysis of multi-DOF haptic rendering: Impact of multi-rate, time-delay, and mechanical parameters","authors":"Suhail Ganiny, Majid H Koul, Babar Ahmad","doi":"10.1177/09544062241271627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241271627","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies on the stability analysis of haptic devices have predominantly focused on single-DOF devices, thereby limiting attention to multi-DOF devices, particularly those employing multi-rate sampling schemes. In this paper, we introduce a formulation for the coupled dynamics between the haptic device and the virtual environment for a multi-DOF haptic device controlled using a dual-rate sampling scheme. Subsequently, we analyze its stability through the application of a dynamic decoupling strategy within an exact discrete-time state-space framework while the device is engaged in rendering a virtual wall along one of its operational space coordinates. Furthermore, we explore how the combined influence of the dual-rate sampling approach, time delay, and the mechanical design affects the stability boundaries of the multi-DOF haptic device at a fixed workspace location as well as within the entire usable workspace. Additionally, we utilize a model-order reduction (MOR) framework to simplify the determination of the device’s stability limits, irrespective of the specific combinations of time delay and sampling rates employed.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1177/09544062241271676
Mengmeng Cao, Jian Hu, Jianyong Yao
Parameter uncertainties in the electromechanical actuator system and the obvious friction nonlinearity in the low speed stage will greatly deteriorate the control performance and even lead to system instability. In this paper, an adaptive super-twisting sliding mode controller with neural network (ASTSMNNC) is proposed for the electromechanical actuator system. The LuGre model is used to describe the nonlinear friction, a nonlinear dual-observer is designed to observe the LuGre model internal friction state, a parameter adaptive law is designed to estimate the unknown parameters existing in the system, the time-varying disturbance in the system is estimated by using the universal approximation property of neural network. The feedforward compensation technology is used to compensate the estimated errors of parameters and the observed error of disturbance, the second-order nonlinear sliding mode is designed to compensate the residual estimated errors of parameters and neural network, and the chattering phenomenon caused by the sliding mode control can be reduced at the same time. What’s more, the controller theoretically guarantees a prescribed tracking performance in the presence of various uncertainties, which is very important for high-accuracy control of motion systems. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to prove that the proposed controller can achieve the bounded stability of the system. Extensive comparative experimental results are obtained to verify the high-performance nature of the proposed control strategy.
{"title":"Adaptive super-twisting sliding mode control with neural network for electromechanical actuators based on friction compensation","authors":"Mengmeng Cao, Jian Hu, Jianyong Yao","doi":"10.1177/09544062241271676","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241271676","url":null,"abstract":"Parameter uncertainties in the electromechanical actuator system and the obvious friction nonlinearity in the low speed stage will greatly deteriorate the control performance and even lead to system instability. In this paper, an adaptive super-twisting sliding mode controller with neural network (ASTSMNNC) is proposed for the electromechanical actuator system. The LuGre model is used to describe the nonlinear friction, a nonlinear dual-observer is designed to observe the LuGre model internal friction state, a parameter adaptive law is designed to estimate the unknown parameters existing in the system, the time-varying disturbance in the system is estimated by using the universal approximation property of neural network. The feedforward compensation technology is used to compensate the estimated errors of parameters and the observed error of disturbance, the second-order nonlinear sliding mode is designed to compensate the residual estimated errors of parameters and neural network, and the chattering phenomenon caused by the sliding mode control can be reduced at the same time. What’s more, the controller theoretically guarantees a prescribed tracking performance in the presence of various uncertainties, which is very important for high-accuracy control of motion systems. Lyapunov stability theorem is used to prove that the proposed controller can achieve the bounded stability of the system. Extensive comparative experimental results are obtained to verify the high-performance nature of the proposed control strategy.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/09544062241263767
Otman El Baji, Nabil Ben Said Amrani, Driss Sarsri
In this paper, an explicit dynamic model for the 6-DOF Stewart platform parallel manipulator is established using a new formulation. The main principle of this formulation is to provide the final form of dynamic models based on a direct and systematic procedure; in more detail, the analytical expression of each term due to the dynamic effects, that is, the system inertia tensor, centrifugal/Coriolis tensor and the environment forces are developed according to only the physical parameters of the system (i.e., mass, inertia tensor, position of the center of mass and geometrical parameters) and generalized coordinates without the need for any complicated intermediate calculations such as the potential, kinetic and acceleration energy development. In this approach, the parallel manipulator is first opened into six serial legs and a free platform. Next, the dynamic models of each sub-structure can be easily obtained based on the new formulation in their own local space. The Jacobian and Hessian matrices of the constraint equations, resulting from the closed-loop chains, are then used to combine the substructure dynamics. Finally, a detailed dynamics model of the entire robot with respect to the workspace or the actuation space is developed. After that, a simulation of the suggested methodology is investigated and analyzed in comparison to the more established dynamic modeling techniques provided in the literature; the efficiency and correctness of our approach are then verified. It is shown that our method requires a lower computational cost and even competes with the implicit form of dynamic models. Finally, a trajectory-tracking problem using model-based control is presented. It is shown that our approach can be totally and efficiently computed online without the need for symbolic form of equations of motion, which is highly challenging for parallel manipulators.
本文采用一种新公式建立了 6-DOF Stewart 平台并联机械手的显式动态模型。更详细地说，只需根据系统的物理参数（即质量、惯性张量、质心位置和几何参数）和广义坐标，就能建立动态效应引起的各项，即系统惯性张量、离心力/科里奥利力张量和环境力的分析表达式，而无需进行任何复杂的中间计算，如势能、动能和加速度能的建立。在这种方法中，首先将并联机械手分成六个串联支腿和一个自由平台。然后，根据新的计算公式，在各自的局部空间内轻松获得每个子结构的动态模型。然后，利用闭环链产生的约束方程的雅各布矩阵和赫塞斯矩阵来组合子结构动力学。最后，针对工作空间或执行空间建立整个机器人的详细动力学模型。之后，对所建议的方法进行了仿真研究和分析，并与文献中提供的更成熟的动态建模技术进行了比较；然后验证了我们方法的效率和正确性。结果表明，我们的方法所需的计算成本更低，甚至可以与隐式动态模型相媲美。最后，介绍了一个使用基于模型控制的轨迹跟踪问题。结果表明，我们的方法可以完全高效地在线计算，而无需符号形式的运动方程，这对并行机械手来说极具挑战性。
{"title":"An efficient explicit dynamic formulation of a Stewart platform parallel robot via new formalism","authors":"Otman El Baji, Nabil Ben Said Amrani, Driss Sarsri","doi":"10.1177/09544062241263767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241263767","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an explicit dynamic model for the 6-DOF Stewart platform parallel manipulator is established using a new formulation. The main principle of this formulation is to provide the final form of dynamic models based on a direct and systematic procedure; in more detail, the analytical expression of each term due to the dynamic effects, that is, the system inertia tensor, centrifugal/Coriolis tensor and the environment forces are developed according to only the physical parameters of the system (i.e., mass, inertia tensor, position of the center of mass and geometrical parameters) and generalized coordinates without the need for any complicated intermediate calculations such as the potential, kinetic and acceleration energy development. In this approach, the parallel manipulator is first opened into six serial legs and a free platform. Next, the dynamic models of each sub-structure can be easily obtained based on the new formulation in their own local space. The Jacobian and Hessian matrices of the constraint equations, resulting from the closed-loop chains, are then used to combine the substructure dynamics. Finally, a detailed dynamics model of the entire robot with respect to the workspace or the actuation space is developed. After that, a simulation of the suggested methodology is investigated and analyzed in comparison to the more established dynamic modeling techniques provided in the literature; the efficiency and correctness of our approach are then verified. It is shown that our method requires a lower computational cost and even competes with the implicit form of dynamic models. Finally, a trajectory-tracking problem using model-based control is presented. It is shown that our approach can be totally and efficiently computed online without the need for symbolic form of equations of motion, which is highly challenging for parallel manipulators.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/09544062241270497
Haiyan Wang, Wanchun Yu, Yan Feng, Qingchao Wang
To determine the critical axial force of exit delamination in the ball helical milling (BHM) of CFRP, based on the classical laminar theory, the critical delamination is judged by the theory of virtual work displacement and the linear elastic fracture mechanics. The model that describes the crucial axial force in the BHM process is set up, given the anisotropy of CFRP and the specific shape of the ball end mill. The external force is a novel set as a quadratically distributed load dependent on the milling parameters in the model, and the relationship between the quantity of uncut remaining layers and the critical axial force is indicated. When the tool rotation speeds were 4000–8000 rpm, with 0.1–0.2 mm/rev axial feed and 0.02–0.04 mm/tooth tangential feed, helical milling experiments were carried out. The correlation among the milling parameters and axial force and exit delamination factor was investigated, taking into account the effect of tool wear. Comparing with the experimental data, combined with the exit delamination, the proposed model can well predict the critical axial force under different cutting conditions, and the milling parameters have a great impact on the axial forces and delamination. The hole-making delamination of the ball end mill is smaller compared to the end mill, and exit delamination of CFRP can be reduced in BHM technique.
{"title":"Analysis of exit delamination mechanism and critical axial force in ball helical milling of CFRP","authors":"Haiyan Wang, Wanchun Yu, Yan Feng, Qingchao Wang","doi":"10.1177/09544062241270497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241270497","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the critical axial force of exit delamination in the ball helical milling (BHM) of CFRP, based on the classical laminar theory, the critical delamination is judged by the theory of virtual work displacement and the linear elastic fracture mechanics. The model that describes the crucial axial force in the BHM process is set up, given the anisotropy of CFRP and the specific shape of the ball end mill. The external force is a novel set as a quadratically distributed load dependent on the milling parameters in the model, and the relationship between the quantity of uncut remaining layers and the critical axial force is indicated. When the tool rotation speeds were 4000–8000 rpm, with 0.1–0.2 mm/rev axial feed and 0.02–0.04 mm/tooth tangential feed, helical milling experiments were carried out. The correlation among the milling parameters and axial force and exit delamination factor was investigated, taking into account the effect of tool wear. Comparing with the experimental data, combined with the exit delamination, the proposed model can well predict the critical axial force under different cutting conditions, and the milling parameters have a great impact on the axial forces and delamination. The hole-making delamination of the ball end mill is smaller compared to the end mill, and exit delamination of CFRP can be reduced in BHM technique.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142201800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/09544062241271624
Shuaiby Mohamed, YoungWoo Im, HyeonSang Shin, Youngshik Kim, Buhyun Shin
This paper presents a novel design of a quadruped hybrid leg-wheel mobile robot comprising two DOFs (a prismatic joint and a revolute joint) for the legs and one rotational joint for the wheel. The study begins by detailing the design of the structure and mechanism of the proposed system. We created the dynamic model of the proposed robot using MATLAB Simscape Multibody. The legged mode gait is developed using three supporting legs and one transferring leg. We developed a walking algorithm for the quadruped robot that comprises six motion steps. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that our proposed robot has the ability to successfully traverse both flat surfaces and rough terrain. The robot’s design also enables it to perform various modes of movement, including normal vertical and horizontal driving, rotation around the robot’s centre of gravity, rotation in a large arc, and walking on flat terrain.
{"title":"Development of a novel quadruped hybrid wheeled-legged mobile robot with telescopic legs","authors":"Shuaiby Mohamed, YoungWoo Im, HyeonSang Shin, Youngshik Kim, Buhyun Shin","doi":"10.1177/09544062241271624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241271624","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a novel design of a quadruped hybrid leg-wheel mobile robot comprising two DOFs (a prismatic joint and a revolute joint) for the legs and one rotational joint for the wheel. The study begins by detailing the design of the structure and mechanism of the proposed system. We created the dynamic model of the proposed robot using MATLAB Simscape Multibody. The legged mode gait is developed using three supporting legs and one transferring leg. We developed a walking algorithm for the quadruped robot that comprises six motion steps. The simulation and experimental results demonstrate that our proposed robot has the ability to successfully traverse both flat surfaces and rough terrain. The robot’s design also enables it to perform various modes of movement, including normal vertical and horizontal driving, rotation around the robot’s centre of gravity, rotation in a large arc, and walking on flat terrain.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This research focuses on experimentally investigating and optimizing heat transfer between two parallel disks, a prevalent system extensively utilized in engineering devices and various machinery. Analyzing heat transfer in this configuration is of paramount interest to researchers and engineers. An experimental setup was built to explore heat transfer between two parallel disks. Local Nusselt number and average Nusselt number were calculated to analyze heat transfer characteristics. The study delved into the effects of vital parameters such as the gap ratio, Reynolds number, and heat flux on heat transfer between two parallel disks. The analysis revealed that the Nusselt number increases with an increase in the gap between two disks up to a certain level, beyond which an inverse effect is observed. Moreover, the Nusselt number demonstrates a positive correlation with the Reynolds number. An in-depth analysis of local and average Nusselt numbers indicated that heat flux initially has a positive effect, followed by an adverse effect after reaching a certain level. To ascertain the optimum solution, three different techniques were employed: Response Surface Method (RSM), Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CS), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The predicted optimum values for the gap ratio, Reynolds number, and heat flux using GA, CS, and RSM were as follows: gap ratio (17.36, 17.36, and 17.36), Reynolds number (100, 100, and 98.2), and heat flux (689.36, 694.5, and 682.449), respectively. Correspondingly, the resulting average Nusselt numbers were projected to be 48.59, 48.36, and 48.5271. To validate the obtained results, experiments were conducted and compared with the predicted values. The comparison among these techniques indicated that all results fell within an acceptable margin of error. Specifically, RSM exhibited an error of 1.917%, CS showed an error of 0.962%, and GA displayed an error of 0.8931%.
{"title":"An experimental and optimization of heat transfer between two-disk systems","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Yadu, Achhaibar Singh, Dinesh Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1177/09544062241262660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241262660","url":null,"abstract":"This research focuses on experimentally investigating and optimizing heat transfer between two parallel disks, a prevalent system extensively utilized in engineering devices and various machinery. Analyzing heat transfer in this configuration is of paramount interest to researchers and engineers. An experimental setup was built to explore heat transfer between two parallel disks. Local Nusselt number and average Nusselt number were calculated to analyze heat transfer characteristics. The study delved into the effects of vital parameters such as the gap ratio, Reynolds number, and heat flux on heat transfer between two parallel disks. The analysis revealed that the Nusselt number increases with an increase in the gap between two disks up to a certain level, beyond which an inverse effect is observed. Moreover, the Nusselt number demonstrates a positive correlation with the Reynolds number. An in-depth analysis of local and average Nusselt numbers indicated that heat flux initially has a positive effect, followed by an adverse effect after reaching a certain level. To ascertain the optimum solution, three different techniques were employed: Response Surface Method (RSM), Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CS), and Genetic Algorithm (GA). The predicted optimum values for the gap ratio, Reynolds number, and heat flux using GA, CS, and RSM were as follows: gap ratio (17.36, 17.36, and 17.36), Reynolds number (100, 100, and 98.2), and heat flux (689.36, 694.5, and 682.449), respectively. Correspondingly, the resulting average Nusselt numbers were projected to be 48.59, 48.36, and 48.5271. To validate the obtained results, experiments were conducted and compared with the predicted values. The comparison among these techniques indicated that all results fell within an acceptable margin of error. Specifically, RSM exhibited an error of 1.917%, CS showed an error of 0.962%, and GA displayed an error of 0.8931%.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/09544062241259867
Yifei Chi, Da An, Yaping Zhao
Aiming at high error sensitivity and complicated worm gear manufacturing of the planar double enveloping toroidal worm drive, a new TP-H gearing which worm generates by a plane and the worm wheel generates by a straight profile hob is proposed. Firstly, a comprehensive and systematic meshing theory of this drive is established; A rigorous calculation method for the instantaneous contact point is proposed; A formula for calculating the eccentricity of the instantaneous contact ellipse based on the relative principal curvature is deduced, and it is suggested innovatively that the eccentricity can be used as the quantitative index for describing the degree of mismatch between teeth. Secondly, the selection and matching strategy of mismatched process parameters is given, and the contact behavior between tooth surfaces is simulated based on numerical examples, the results show that the novel transmission can achieve good point contact. The research will promote the in-depth development of the theory of mismatched meshing in toroidal worm drive, and explore the specific form of gearing with simple manufacturing, low error sensitivity, and considerable meshing performance.
{"title":"Meshing analysis of mismatch toroidal worm gearing characterized by different basic parameters of hob and worm","authors":"Yifei Chi, Da An, Yaping Zhao","doi":"10.1177/09544062241259867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241259867","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming at high error sensitivity and complicated worm gear manufacturing of the planar double enveloping toroidal worm drive, a new TP-H gearing which worm generates by a plane and the worm wheel generates by a straight profile hob is proposed. Firstly, a comprehensive and systematic meshing theory of this drive is established; A rigorous calculation method for the instantaneous contact point is proposed; A formula for calculating the eccentricity of the instantaneous contact ellipse based on the relative principal curvature is deduced, and it is suggested innovatively that the eccentricity can be used as the quantitative index for describing the degree of mismatch between teeth. Secondly, the selection and matching strategy of mismatched process parameters is given, and the contact behavior between tooth surfaces is simulated based on numerical examples, the results show that the novel transmission can achieve good point contact. The research will promote the in-depth development of the theory of mismatched meshing in toroidal worm drive, and explore the specific form of gearing with simple manufacturing, low error sensitivity, and considerable meshing performance.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/09544062241263759
Lifang Qiu, Shuyu Cui
In this paper, a Four-Crease Origami Gripper (FCOG) is designed. The kinematic model of the FCOG is derived. The correctness of the theoretical model is verified through experimental tests. To describe the performance of the FCOG, two parameters are defined, that is, capacity ratio and load ratio. The capacity ratio describes the configuration characteristics of the FCOG, which has been validated through experiments and analysis. The load ratio describes the load-bearing performance. The experiments show that the FCOG can meet the requirements of strength and load performance. Finally, the future potential applications of the FCOG are discussed.
{"title":"Design and analysis of a four-crease origami gripper (FCOG)","authors":"Lifang Qiu, Shuyu Cui","doi":"10.1177/09544062241263759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09544062241263759","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a Four-Crease Origami Gripper (FCOG) is designed. The kinematic model of the FCOG is derived. The correctness of the theoretical model is verified through experimental tests. To describe the performance of the FCOG, two parameters are defined, that is, capacity ratio and load ratio. The capacity ratio describes the configuration characteristics of the FCOG, which has been validated through experiments and analysis. The load ratio describes the load-bearing performance. The experiments show that the FCOG can meet the requirements of strength and load performance. Finally, the future potential applications of the FCOG are discussed.","PeriodicalId":20558,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141880767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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