Pub Date : 2013-08-31DOI: 10.11634/216796061504324
Z. Ahamed, A. Kamoshida, T. Inohara
The term ‘servitization’ adding value by adding services is not new any more in the manufacturing industries of developed economy, like as Japan. But, it is still new or in many cases unknown in the developing economy, such as Bangladesh. ‘Globalization’ is another keyword in this paper well known by almost every economy since it is witnessed as a modern form in19th century. But recently, the significance of this term increases couple of times in Japanese manufacturing industries, namely, in the IT industry, because of, shrinking domestic market, razor margin, and sometimes-poor performance against rivals. In this context, companies are seeking opportunities in the global IT market, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. At the same time, the emerging country like, Bangladesh is looking more value added goods and services suppliers in the IT industry who offer ‘total solutions’ and ‘know-how’. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present the opportunity and challenges for Japanese IT manufacturer towards emerging market entrants, such as, Bangladesh. A conceptual model is then proposed, in which Japanese IT manufacturer pursue its capabilities by aligning with local partner and create values for each other. The paper uses an exploratory single-case study approach based on semi-structured interviews, and archival data. A total of 28 indepth interviews were conducted both in the case company, i.e., Fujitsu and Bangladesh IT industry, resulting in more than 100 pages of interview data. The survey result shows the high potentiality and key challenges for Fujitsu in Bangladesh market. These challenges are long time process for business establishment, high-capability of multi vendor products, and creating brand awareness. Moreover, this research provides insightful information to understand, analyse and plan to move Bangladesh IT market strategically.
{"title":"“Servitization” Coupled With “Globalization”: A Solution Oriented Business Strategy for Japanese IT Manufacturer towards Emerging Market Entrants","authors":"Z. Ahamed, A. Kamoshida, T. Inohara","doi":"10.11634/216796061504324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061504324","url":null,"abstract":"The term ‘servitization’ adding value by adding services is not new any more in the manufacturing industries of developed economy, like as Japan. But, it is still new or in many cases unknown in the developing economy, such as Bangladesh. ‘Globalization’ is another keyword in this paper well known by almost every economy since it is witnessed as a modern form in19th century. But recently, the significance of this term increases couple of times in Japanese manufacturing industries, namely, in the IT industry, because of, shrinking domestic market, razor margin, and sometimes-poor performance against rivals. In this context, companies are seeking opportunities in the global IT market, particularly in Southeast Asian countries. At the same time, the emerging country like, Bangladesh is looking more value added goods and services suppliers in the IT industry who offer ‘total solutions’ and ‘know-how’. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to present the opportunity and challenges for Japanese IT manufacturer towards emerging market entrants, such as, Bangladesh. A conceptual model is then proposed, in which Japanese IT manufacturer pursue its capabilities by aligning with local partner and create values for each other. The paper uses an exploratory single-case study approach based on semi-structured interviews, and archival data. A total of 28 indepth interviews were conducted both in the case company, i.e., Fujitsu and Bangladesh IT industry, resulting in more than 100 pages of interview data. The survey result shows the high potentiality and key challenges for Fujitsu in Bangladesh market. These challenges are long time process for business establishment, high-capability of multi vendor products, and creating brand awareness. Moreover, this research provides insightful information to understand, analyse and plan to move Bangladesh IT market strategically.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115765459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-08-31DOI: 10.11634/216796061706316
R. E. Rosacker, K. Rosacker, Sergey Komissarov
This research considers the issue of personality profiles as related to academic performance in the principles of accounting sequence within the context of declared major area of study, either accounting or business administration. If personality characteristics discriminate between these groups, this information may be productive in guiding students as they select an appropriate major area of undergraduate study. The Predictive Index, a practical, cost-effective, proven system for gathering objective information respecting personality characteristics, is utilized to obtain empirical measurements of four personality traits from a group of undergraduate accounting and business administration majors at a Midwestern university in the United States. Contemporary recruiters increasingly use personality profiles as a means to assess an application pool. The findings of this study provide empirical support for an assertion that declared accounting and business administration majors exhibit different personality profiles respecting two of the four personality traits subjected to analysis after controlling for important demographic differences. This research utilized a cost-effective personality profiling instrument to model a previously untested group of undergraduate students in an effort directed at providing useful academic advising information surrounding accounting majors. For university administration cost containment is always an issue; effective advising and retention of students are core to their missions; and for undergraduate students, proven information sources are extraordinarily useful and highly valuable in supporting successful progression in their studies and timely migration to a career.
{"title":"Personality Profiles as a Guide to Selecting the Accounting Major","authors":"R. E. Rosacker, K. Rosacker, Sergey Komissarov","doi":"10.11634/216796061706316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706316","url":null,"abstract":"This research considers the issue of personality profiles as related to academic performance in the principles of accounting sequence within the context of declared major area of study, either accounting or business administration. If personality characteristics discriminate between these groups, this information may be productive in guiding students as they select an appropriate major area of undergraduate study. The Predictive Index, a practical, cost-effective, proven system for gathering objective information respecting personality characteristics, is utilized to obtain empirical measurements of four personality traits from a group of undergraduate accounting and business administration majors at a Midwestern university in the United States. Contemporary recruiters increasingly use personality profiles as a means to assess an application pool. The findings of this study provide empirical support for an assertion that declared accounting and business administration majors exhibit different personality profiles respecting two of the four personality traits subjected to analysis after controlling for important demographic differences. This research utilized a cost-effective personality profiling instrument to model a previously untested group of undergraduate students in an effort directed at providing useful academic advising information surrounding accounting majors. For university administration cost containment is always an issue; effective advising and retention of students are core to their missions; and for undergraduate students, proven information sources are extraordinarily useful and highly valuable in supporting successful progression in their studies and timely migration to a career.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127669042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706258
J. Enahoro, A. Badmus
University education is at the centre of human resource development. The nation’s professional and highly skilled personnel are trained and developed in the universities. The emergence of the private sector universities in Nigeria is well remarkable. No doubt, there is need for more private sector participation in establishing universities as a result of the large population of deserving students for university admission, critically important is to ensure a universal standard is upheld. The study methodology is literature exploratory on the emergence, and future sustainability of the private universities for higher education in Nigeria focusing on assessment and standard regulations. The study has largely drawn from articles on the subject and reports of regulatory education authorities. Quality is therefore, significantly a function of cost-effectiveness, current technology, accountability and transparency in expenditure and strict adherence to requirements set out in the academic briefs and master Plans. Strategic planning and uncompromising adherence to estimate as contained in the Annual Budget. Consequently, running a private university is a more serious business than profit making.
{"title":"Emergence of Private Universities in Nigeria and Monitoring Standards between 2002 and 2012","authors":"J. Enahoro, A. Badmus","doi":"10.11634/216796061706258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706258","url":null,"abstract":"University education is at the centre of human resource development. The nation’s professional and highly skilled personnel are trained and developed in the universities. The emergence of the private sector universities in Nigeria is well remarkable. No doubt, there is need for more private sector participation in establishing universities as a result of the large population of deserving students for university admission, critically important is to ensure a universal standard is upheld. The study methodology is literature exploratory on the emergence, and future sustainability of the private universities for higher education in Nigeria focusing on assessment and standard regulations. The study has largely drawn from articles on the subject and reports of regulatory education authorities. Quality is therefore, significantly a function of cost-effectiveness, current technology, accountability and transparency in expenditure and strict adherence to requirements set out in the academic briefs and master Plans. Strategic planning and uncompromising adherence to estimate as contained in the Annual Budget. Consequently, running a private university is a more serious business than profit making.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122265971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706240
Charles S. Tundui, H. Tundui
The aim of this article is to examine the sources and determinants of loan repayment among women microcredit clients in Tanzania. We surveyed a random sample of 286 business owners who were PRIDE microfinance programme clients in Morogoro and Iringa towns. The study focused on loan conditions, household characteristics and business management experience, skills and management practises by the business owners. Loan repayment difficulties were reported among 19.6 per cent of borrowers. Logistic regression results have shown that loan size, interest rate and duration of membership in the programme do not predict loan repayment. Instead the results have demonstrated that business skills and management practises play a very significant role. We also found household size, the number of household members with fixed salaries and decision making regarding loan use to have a significant influence on loan repayment. From the results, it is established that the factors that limit growth of women businesses are also liable for their repayment difficulties. These results may imply that for the borrowers to increase their avenues for loan repayment, it is imperative that the measures used by microfinance programmes to ensure that borrowers repay their loans they also include support services that enable clients to expand their businesses; increase profit levels and generate enough surplus for loan servicing and re-investment in the business. Such services could include training in business skills and management. This further suggests that there is a need for an integrated and holistic policy approach in supporting and promoting micro enterprising among the women rather than piecemeal initiatives.
{"title":"Microcredit, Micro Enterprising and Repayment Myth: The Case of Micro and Small Women Business Entrepreneurs in Tanzania","authors":"Charles S. Tundui, H. Tundui","doi":"10.11634/216796061706240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706240","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to examine the sources and determinants of loan repayment among women microcredit clients in Tanzania. We surveyed a random sample of 286 business owners who were PRIDE microfinance programme clients in Morogoro and Iringa towns. The study focused on loan conditions, household characteristics and business management experience, skills and management practises by the business owners. Loan repayment difficulties were reported among 19.6 per cent of borrowers. Logistic regression results have shown that loan size, interest rate and duration of membership in the programme do not predict loan repayment. Instead the results have demonstrated that business skills and management practises play a very significant role. We also found household size, the number of household members with fixed salaries and decision making regarding loan use to have a significant influence on loan repayment. From the results, it is established that the factors that limit growth of women businesses are also liable for their repayment difficulties. These results may imply that for the borrowers to increase their avenues for loan repayment, it is imperative that the measures used by microfinance programmes to ensure that borrowers repay their loans they also include support services that enable clients to expand their businesses; increase profit levels and generate enough surplus for loan servicing and re-investment in the business. Such services could include training in business skills and management. This further suggests that there is a need for an integrated and holistic policy approach in supporting and promoting micro enterprising among the women rather than piecemeal initiatives.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"76 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127473375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sanctions are penalties or limited program against some societies, countries or nations. Sanction usually consists of a ban on the sale and shipment of products to a country and on the purchase of its exports. Some countries have done it in various types against Iran since 1979. Recently due to nuclear program of Iran, the number of sanctions have raised dramatically. However, Iran can definitely manage and overcome them with appropriate policies and decisions. In this paper we evaluate some chosen solutions of Iran in front of economic sanctions (ES) using a multi attributes decision model named analytic hierarchy process method in three clusters as the local ,regional and global scopes. The results showed the efficiency of this decision making model in these sanctions. The results also indicate the best strategies to reduce and acting proactively against economic sanctions.
{"title":"Iran Solutions against the Economic Sanctions: Analytic Hierarchy Process Approach","authors":"F. Jabalameli, E. Rasoulinezhad","doi":"10.11634/21679606170645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/21679606170645","url":null,"abstract":"Sanctions are penalties or limited program against some societies, countries or nations. Sanction usually consists of a ban on the sale and shipment of products to a country and on the purchase of its exports. Some countries have done it in various types against Iran since 1979. Recently due to nuclear program of Iran, the number of sanctions have raised dramatically. However, Iran can definitely manage and overcome them with appropriate policies and decisions. In this paper we evaluate some chosen solutions of Iran in front of economic sanctions (ES) using a multi attributes decision model named analytic hierarchy process method in three clusters as the local ,regional and global scopes. The results showed the efficiency of this decision making model in these sanctions. The results also indicate the best strategies to reduce and acting proactively against economic sanctions.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133155397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706211
Oghojafor Ben Akpoyomare, Ladipo Patrick Kunle Adeosun, R. A. Ganiyu
This study investigates the influence of product attributes on consumer purchase decision in Nigerian food and beverages industry: A study of Lagos Metropolis. Descriptive research method was used to survey 400 customers of the selected two companies in food and beverages industry. Data were collected through questionnaire administered. Descriptive statistic and Pearson correlation coefficient was used as a method of data analysis. The result of the analysis reveals a positive correlation between product attribute and consumer purchase decision. Indeed, consumer purchase decision can be viewed as a process in which consumers evaluate alternative products on the strength of various attributes and on the basis of which marketers differentiate and set their brand apart from competition.
{"title":"The Influence of Product Attributes on Consumer Purchase Decision in the Nigerian Food and Beverages Industry: A Study of Lagos Metropolis","authors":"Oghojafor Ben Akpoyomare, Ladipo Patrick Kunle Adeosun, R. A. Ganiyu","doi":"10.11634/216796061706211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706211","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the influence of product attributes on consumer purchase decision in Nigerian food and beverages industry: A study of Lagos Metropolis. Descriptive research method was used to survey 400 customers of the selected two companies in food and beverages industry. Data were collected through questionnaire administered. Descriptive statistic and Pearson correlation coefficient was used as a method of data analysis. The result of the analysis reveals a positive correlation between product attribute and consumer purchase decision. Indeed, consumer purchase decision can be viewed as a process in which consumers evaluate alternative products on the strength of various attributes and on the basis of which marketers differentiate and set their brand apart from competition.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116971562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706210
A. Onaolapo, T. A. Odetayo
Automated Accounting Information System (AAIS) provides a tool for finance department to enhance organizational effectiveness especially in this era of global technology advancement. The study examined the effect of accounting information system on organizational effectiveness with special reference to selected construction firms in the Ibadan metropolis. Specifically, the study examined the effects of accounting information on quality of financial reports and decision –making. Purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting a total of ten personnel from each of the selected companies as sample for the study. A hypothesis was formulated and both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were employed to analyze the data. The results show that accounting information system has effect on organizational effectiveness. Recommendations were subsequently made to both the managers of such organization and government on how the use of AAIS known as ‘Contract Plus– Financial and Project Accounting’ package software can enhance performance in Finance Departments.
{"title":"Effect of Accounting Information System on Organisational Effectiveness: A Case Study of Selected Construction Companies in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"A. Onaolapo, T. A. Odetayo","doi":"10.11634/216796061706210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706210","url":null,"abstract":"Automated Accounting Information System (AAIS) provides a tool for finance department to enhance organizational effectiveness especially in this era of global technology advancement. The study examined the effect of accounting information system on organizational effectiveness with special reference to selected construction firms in the Ibadan metropolis. Specifically, the study examined the effects of accounting information on quality of financial reports and decision –making. Purposive sampling technique was adopted in selecting a total of ten personnel from each of the selected companies as sample for the study. A hypothesis was formulated and both descriptive and inferential statistical tools were employed to analyze the data. The results show that accounting information system has effect on organizational effectiveness. Recommendations were subsequently made to both the managers of such organization and government on how the use of AAIS known as ‘Contract Plus– Financial and Project Accounting’ package software can enhance performance in Finance Departments.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130774752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706252
reza norouzikuhdasht, A. Davoudi, P. Jafari
Considering the high importance of supplying and nurturing an efficient work force and the role of educational services in this regard, many studies have considered the quality of these services. Few, however, have investigated students’ views in this regard. Therefore, the present study attempted to assess the quality of educational services from the students’ perspective. Data were collected using Fadkh and Bagvat’s educational services questionnaire administered to 372 university students and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and experts' views were sought for validity assessment. The results showed that the quality of education in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch and the quality of educational services in terms of faculties management system, interpersonal relationships between the faculty members and facilities were assessed by students as above the average. However, students believed that teaching skills of the faculty members were below the average and, therefore, undesirable. Based on the findings, faculties were significantly different in the quality of education according to the students. Finally the students of college of Technical Engineering were believed to have the lowest level of quality; the students of the Faculty of Basic Sciences, on the other hand, evaluated the educational services quality as really high. The results point to the conclusion that educational institutions should care about the quality of educational services and students’ views about these services to improve their students’ educational performance and, consequently, their status.
{"title":"The Quality of Educational Services in Islamic Azad University: A Case Study of Sciences and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran","authors":"reza norouzikuhdasht, A. Davoudi, P. Jafari","doi":"10.11634/216796061706252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706252","url":null,"abstract":"Considering the high importance of supplying and nurturing an efficient work force and the role of educational services in this regard, many studies have considered the quality of these services. Few, however, have investigated students’ views in this regard. Therefore, the present study attempted to assess the quality of educational services from the students’ perspective. Data were collected using Fadkh and Bagvat’s educational services questionnaire administered to 372 university students and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Reliability of the questionnaire was estimated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and experts' views were sought for validity assessment. The results showed that the quality of education in Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch and the quality of educational services in terms of faculties management system, interpersonal relationships between the faculty members and facilities were assessed by students as above the average. However, students believed that teaching skills of the faculty members were below the average and, therefore, undesirable. Based on the findings, faculties were significantly different in the quality of education according to the students. Finally the students of college of Technical Engineering were believed to have the lowest level of quality; the students of the Faculty of Basic Sciences, on the other hand, evaluated the educational services quality as really high. The results point to the conclusion that educational institutions should care about the quality of educational services and students’ views about these services to improve their students’ educational performance and, consequently, their status.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126475017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706229
Julaine S. Rigg
Employee engagement is still in its infancy as a concept. Scholars are still trying to unravel inconsistencies concerning its conceptualization and measurement. At the same time, the concept is said to overlap with other well- known and established constructs such as commitment, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and job involvement, to the point where the concept may be redundant. Unless more extensive studies are conducted to discriminate the concept of engagement from those established psychological constructs it risk being continuously criticized and may continue to be seen as "old wine in a new bottle". Future studies must therefore focus on elucidating the value of engagement in impacting outcomes beyond the above-mentioned established constructs.
{"title":"Worthwhile Concept or Old Wine? A Review of Employee Engagement and Related Constructs","authors":"Julaine S. Rigg","doi":"10.11634/216796061706229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706229","url":null,"abstract":"Employee engagement is still in its infancy as a concept. Scholars are still trying to unravel inconsistencies concerning its conceptualization and measurement. At the same time, the concept is said to overlap with other well- known and established constructs such as commitment, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and job involvement, to the point where the concept may be redundant. Unless more extensive studies are conducted to discriminate the concept of engagement from those established psychological constructs it risk being continuously criticized and may continue to be seen as \"old wine in a new bottle\". Future studies must therefore focus on elucidating the value of engagement in impacting outcomes beyond the above-mentioned established constructs.","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133647709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-05-30DOI: 10.11634/216796061706188
C. Duan
Drawing on the works of Conner and Prahalad (1996), we advance their knowledge based view of the firm and developed the knowledge based view of the team. The central tenet of our knowledge based view is that the existence and effective performance of the team is hinged on the reciprocal knowledge substitution among team members. The core team process of reciprocal knowledge substitution mediates the relationship between knowledge heterogeneity in team composition and team performance. In particular, we posit that heterogeneous teams (in terms of knowledge composition) outperform homogenous teams only if positive substitution (the superior replacing the inferior) is in operation. Further, we reason that the reciprocal substitution process is modulated by the original (vertical) knowledge substitution in the firm structure. In essence, we expand the established market ↔ firm spectrum to market ↔ firm ↔ team, which exhibits (from market to team) the decreasing effect of transaction costs and the increasing effect of learning (knowledge substitution). In addition, we extrapolate our knowledge based view to the case of interfirm teaming (partnerships and alliances).
{"title":"A Knowledge Based View of the Team","authors":"C. Duan","doi":"10.11634/216796061706188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11634/216796061706188","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on the works of Conner and Prahalad (1996), we advance their knowledge based view of the firm and developed the knowledge based view of the team. The central tenet of our knowledge based view is that the existence and effective performance of the team is hinged on the reciprocal knowledge substitution among team members. The core team process of reciprocal knowledge substitution mediates the relationship between knowledge heterogeneity in team composition and team performance. In particular, we posit that heterogeneous teams (in terms of knowledge composition) outperform homogenous teams only if positive substitution (the superior replacing the inferior) is in operation. Further, we reason that the reciprocal substitution process is modulated by the original (vertical) knowledge substitution in the firm structure. In essence, we expand the established market ↔ firm spectrum to market ↔ firm ↔ team, which exhibits (from market to team) the decreasing effect of transaction costs and the increasing effect of learning (knowledge substitution). In addition, we extrapolate our knowledge based view to the case of interfirm teaming (partnerships and alliances).","PeriodicalId":206506,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Business and Management","volume":"523 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115190551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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