Psychological Assessment最新文献

The purpose of this study is to investigate the factor structure of the Alabama Parenting Questionnaire-9 (APQ-9) in a clinical service-seeking population. The present study utilized data from 544 caregivers of children presenting to a psychological clinic in the southeastern United States to examine the factor structure of the APQ-9. Structural and measurement models of the APQ-9 were produced using a structural equation modeling approach to confirmatory factor analysis. The structural model demonstrated acceptable fit to a three-factor model structure. Three factors (Positive Parenting, Inconsistent Discipline, and Poor Supervision) yielded significant associations between factors. Results provide psychometric validation for the APQ-9 in a clinical services-seeking population. The measurement model indicated that only Inconsistent Discipline and Poor Supervision were significantly associated with externalizing symptoms. Given these results, clinicians may feel confident using the APQ-9 in their clinical practice as a valid indicator of the parenting experience prior to providing clinical services and thereby accurately evaluate ways to improve parent and child well-being. Further research is necessary to examine associations between the three factors and externalizing behaviors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Risk assessments are often mandated within the juvenile justice system (JJS). Yet, it is unclear whether these protocols reflect equitable clinical tools, and little is known about the community's perspectives on commonly assessed risk domains. In response, we introduced, and subsequently tested, a multifaceted definition for fairness in risk assessment. An embedded mixed-method study was conducted, such that Study 1 informed Study 2's methods, and the studies were subsequently integrated. In Study 1, caregivers (N = 22) and adolescents (N = 21; Mage = 14.28; 42.9% identified as Black, 42.6% White; 66.7% Male) involved with a JJS-diversion or probation program completed qualitative interviews on risk domains for offending behavior. Next, we examined the statistical fairness of salient risk domains from Study 1 in a sample of JJS-involved adolescents (N = 1,354; Mage = 16.04; 41.4% Black, 33.5% Hispanic, 20.2% White; 86.4% as male). An evidence-based medicine analytic approach, which was compared to artificial neural networks, tested subpopulation differences across performance indices. Overall, temperament, peer relations, cognitive styles, and school functioning emerged as salient risk domain themes across identities and informants. Subsequently, moral disengagement and delinquent peers emerged as equitable predictors of prospective violent and nonviolent rule-breaking behavior. A model comprised of these predictors was acceptable (i.e., areas under the curves ≥ 0.70; diagnostic likelihood ratios ≥ 2.0) and equitable. Artificial neural network models did not improve prediction. Risk assessments focused on moral disengagement and peer delinquency may lead to community-aligned and statistically fair assessment processes. These findings can lead to more equitable and engaging JJS risk-management approach. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

A key challenge for clinical practitioners is the lack of assessment methods that can be used to determine if a high-risk patient has experienced meaningful reductions in suicide risk. The Suicide Cognitions Scale-Revised has been shown to differentiate patients who will attempt suicide, but its utility for monitoring treatment response remains unknown. We used data from three independent samples, including two samples of psychiatric outpatients reporting recent suicidal ideation and/or behaviors (Study 1, n = 96; Study 2, n = 44) and one primary care sample (Study 3, n = 2,744) to calculate the reliable change index and clinically significant change thresholds for the Suicide Cognitions Scale-Revised. In both Studies 1 and 2, change scores ≥20 indicated reliable change, and total scores ≤21 indicated patients were more likely to belong to the nonsuicidal population than the suicidal population. Participants meeting clinically significant change criteria had significantly lower suicide attempt rates in Studies 1 and 3 and reported significantly better social-occupational functioning in Studies 1 and 2. Results suggest the clinically significant change threshold is a useful marker of reduced suicide risk among high-risk patients. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

The Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI) is one of the oldest and most widely used surveys of eating disorder thoughts and behaviors. Its recent and frequent use to study differences in eating pathology across ethnoracial groups underscores importance of establishing its measurement invariance across groups. However, mixed evidence has emerged, and studies have focused on Black, mixed-race Hispanic/Latino, and White women. The present study aimed to establish the measurement invariance of the EDI Drive for Thinness, Bulimia, Perfectionism, Maturity Fears, and Interpersonal Distrust subscales across four ethnoracial groups in a sample of women and men. Participants (N = 2,931) were Hispanic White (7%), non-Hispanic Asian (18%), non-Hispanic Black or African American (7%), and non-Hispanic White (68%) college students (67% female) recruited in a cohort-based epidemiological, longitudinal study of health and eating patterns. First, multigroup confirmatory factor analysis examined whether the EDI performed comparably across ethnoracial groups in the full sample. Next, the same approach was followed in sensitivity analyses within each sex. Evaluation of changes in comparative fit index indicated that full metric invariance, scalar invariance, and uniqueness were supported across ethnoracial groups in the full sample and in women (change in comparative fit index ≤ .01). Only partial measurement invariance was supported in analyses of non-Hispanic Asian and non-Hispanic White men. Analyses support use of the EDI in ethnoracially diverse samples including women and men or only women. Limited score variance in men suggests the need for tests of measurement invariance in larger samples. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

The purpose of the present study was to replicate and extend research on the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-3 (MMPI-3) Personality Disorder (PD) Syndrome scales. A total of 289 participants were recruited from the community in Dunedin, New Zealand-all of whom were engaged in mental health treatment. We evaluated the validity of the PD Syndrome scales against various measures of traditional PDs, personality traits, and personality dysfunction using self-report, clinical-rating, and informant-report criteria. The findings provide support for the criterion validity of the MMPI-3 PD scales, as most scales demonstrated strong and meaningful correlations with their corresponding latent PD factors, with the exception of the Schizotypal PD scale. Convergent validity was also supported, with most scales positively correlating with personality impairment and aligning with expected maladaptive personality trait domains. Discriminant validity was generally supported; however, several scales also showed notable correlations with nontarget PD factors and nonhypothesized trait domains, some of which were larger than the correlations with their intended target constructs. Overall, the MMPI-3 PD Syndrome scales can assist clinicians with generating diagnostic hypotheses about traditional PDs, which will ultimately enhance clinical understanding and outcomes for patients during the transition to dimensional frameworks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).