Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1673936
B. Güngör, Nalan Öztürk, Ayça Öngel Atar, N. Aydın
ABSTRACT Objective: The literature provides very limited information on mirtazapine usage in the pregnancy period. The groups including pregnant women who used SSRI or mirtazapine as a single treatment, SSRI–mirtazapine combination treatment and unmedicated groups were compared with respect to illness severity and birth outcomes. Method: The study sample included 120 pregnant women; 40 women with SSRI usage, 16 women with mirtazapine usage, 18 women with combined SSRI- mirtazapine usage, 23 women with unmedicated psychiatric disorder and who elected not to take medication during their pregnancy or discontinued antidepressants by themselves, and 23 healthy control women. Results: No difference was obtained with regard to the gestation week of birth, birth weight, the duration of stay in the neonatal care unit among the SSRI, mirtazapine, SSRI–mirtazapine combination, unmedicated patient and control groups. The likelihood of a new diagnosis was highest in the mirtazapine group. The majority of pregnant women whose psychiatric disorders were more severe and more relapsed used SSRI–mirtazapine combination treatment. Conclusion: No difference was observed between the SSRI and mirtazapine usage in the pregnancy period with regard to the birth outcomes. Similar birth outcomes could present clinicians with the option of prescribing mirtazapine as a safe alternative to SSRI in the treatment of antenatal psychiatric patients.
{"title":"Comparison of the groups treated with mirtazapine and selective serotonine reuptake inhibitors with respect to birth outcomes and severity of psychiatric disorder","authors":"B. Güngör, Nalan Öztürk, Ayça Öngel Atar, N. Aydın","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673936","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: The literature provides very limited information on mirtazapine usage in the pregnancy period. The groups including pregnant women who used SSRI or mirtazapine as a single treatment, SSRI–mirtazapine combination treatment and unmedicated groups were compared with respect to illness severity and birth outcomes. Method: The study sample included 120 pregnant women; 40 women with SSRI usage, 16 women with mirtazapine usage, 18 women with combined SSRI- mirtazapine usage, 23 women with unmedicated psychiatric disorder and who elected not to take medication during their pregnancy or discontinued antidepressants by themselves, and 23 healthy control women. Results: No difference was obtained with regard to the gestation week of birth, birth weight, the duration of stay in the neonatal care unit among the SSRI, mirtazapine, SSRI–mirtazapine combination, unmedicated patient and control groups. The likelihood of a new diagnosis was highest in the mirtazapine group. The majority of pregnant women whose psychiatric disorders were more severe and more relapsed used SSRI–mirtazapine combination treatment. Conclusion: No difference was observed between the SSRI and mirtazapine usage in the pregnancy period with regard to the birth outcomes. Similar birth outcomes could present clinicians with the option of prescribing mirtazapine as a safe alternative to SSRI in the treatment of antenatal psychiatric patients.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"67 1","pages":"822 - 831"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81124150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1691352
Yaying Li, Long Han, Tong Lu, M. Noman, Weidong Qiang, Xinxin Lan, Tingting Gao, Jinnan Guo, Xiaomei Zhang, Haiyan Li, Jing Yang, Linna Du
ABSTRACT Objective: Depression is an disease that seriously endangers the physical and mental health of human body. However, in view of the limitation of existing antidepressants, it's urgent to find new antidepressants from natural products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Paecilomyces tenuipes, which is an important entomogenous fungus in China. Methods: This research was intent to investigate the antidepressant actions of P. tenuipes M98 extracts using a battery of behavioural models including tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST), 5-HTP-induced head twitch response and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice. Results: Fifteen days treatment with aqueous and ethanol extracts signifificantly decreased the duration of immobility in TST and FST, without signifificant changes in locomotor activity. Moreover, chronic application of extracts for 21 days signifificantly improved the depressive-like behaviours of CUMS mice, including reduced body weight and sucrose preference and lengthened immobility time in TST and FST. In addition, extracts produced a signifificant increase in 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, but not noradrenaline, levels in hypothalamus. These fifindings suggested that this action of P. tenuipes might be related to the regulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, which were further confirmed via 5-HTP induced head-twitch test. In addition, P. tenuipes M98 extracts also displayed anti-oxidative effffects. Conclusion: P. tenuipes M98 extracts present excellent antidepressant-like activities, which might be explained by regulation of neurotransmitters and alleviation of oxidative stress.
{"title":"Antidepressant-like activities of extracts of the fungus Paecilomyces tenuipes M98","authors":"Yaying Li, Long Han, Tong Lu, M. Noman, Weidong Qiang, Xinxin Lan, Tingting Gao, Jinnan Guo, Xiaomei Zhang, Haiyan Li, Jing Yang, Linna Du","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1691352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1691352","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: Depression is an disease that seriously endangers the physical and mental health of human body. However, in view of the limitation of existing antidepressants, it's urgent to find new antidepressants from natural products. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Paecilomyces tenuipes, which is an important entomogenous fungus in China. Methods: This research was intent to investigate the antidepressant actions of P. tenuipes M98 extracts using a battery of behavioural models including tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST), 5-HTP-induced head twitch response and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in mice. Results: Fifteen days treatment with aqueous and ethanol extracts signifificantly decreased the duration of immobility in TST and FST, without signifificant changes in locomotor activity. Moreover, chronic application of extracts for 21 days signifificantly improved the depressive-like behaviours of CUMS mice, including reduced body weight and sucrose preference and lengthened immobility time in TST and FST. In addition, extracts produced a signifificant increase in 5-hydroxytryptamine and dopamine, but not noradrenaline, levels in hypothalamus. These fifindings suggested that this action of P. tenuipes might be related to the regulation of serotonergic and dopaminergic systems, which were further confirmed via 5-HTP induced head-twitch test. In addition, P. tenuipes M98 extracts also displayed anti-oxidative effffects. Conclusion: P. tenuipes M98 extracts present excellent antidepressant-like activities, which might be explained by regulation of neurotransmitters and alleviation of oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"181 1","pages":"872 - 879"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80197188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1673945
B. Elibol, Sule Terzioglu-Usak, M. Beker, Ç. Şahbaz
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with presentation of the neuronal death, memory loss and cognitive decline. The relationship between neuroinflammation and AD has been well documented. However, the options of anti-inflammatory treatment are very limited in patients with AD. Previous studies showed that flavonoids might be an effective treatment and thymoquinone (TQ), an aromatic hydrocarbon found in Nigella sativa suggested as a candidate molecule due to having strong anti-inflammatory effects. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of TQ on neuroinflammation and neuroprotection in Aβ(1–42) infused rat model of AD. METHODS: A rat model of AD was established in 6 month-old rats (n = 23) by intra-hippocampal infusion during 14 days via a micro-osmotic pump containing aggregated Aβ(1–42). After model establishment, TQ at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day was intubated intragastrically for 15 days. The functional recovery was determined using the Morris Water Maze task by measuring memory consolidation. The content of cytokine levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the hippocampus was assessed by Magnetic Luminex assay. In order to reveal the functional molecular changes in hippocampal tissue upon TQ administration, the protein expression profile of neuronal migration protein Doublecortin (DCX), synaptic plasticity marker Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase2 (MAP2) and apoptosis related protein Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Aβ(1–42) infused group had worse memory performance than sham control group on Day 4 with an amelioration in this behaviour by TQ. In our study, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-1β did not significantly alter among groups. On the other hand, Aβ(1–42) infusion slightly decreased the level of IFN-γ compared to sham control group. TQ treatment ameliorated both impaired memory performance and IFN-γ levels. It was found that TQ treatment increased the protein levels of DCX compared to the sham control group. Also, the levels of MAP2 and the activation of PARP protein markedly decreased in both Aβ(1–42) and Aβ(1–42)+TQ groups compared to the sham control groups Pearson’s correlation test showed a positive relation between IL-1β and DCX in the Aβ(1–42) group. DISCUSSION: Our data suggested that TQ-related functional improvement might result from the increasing level of neurogenesis and ameliorating the level of IFN-γ in the Aβ(1–42) infused rat model of AD.
{"title":"Thymoquinone (TQ) demonstrates its neuroprotective effect via an anti-inflammatory action on the Aβ(1–42)-infused rat model of Alzheimer's disease","authors":"B. Elibol, Sule Terzioglu-Usak, M. Beker, Ç. Şahbaz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673945","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease with presentation of the neuronal death, memory loss and cognitive decline. The relationship between neuroinflammation and AD has been well documented. However, the options of anti-inflammatory treatment are very limited in patients with AD. Previous studies showed that flavonoids might be an effective treatment and thymoquinone (TQ), an aromatic hydrocarbon found in Nigella sativa suggested as a candidate molecule due to having strong anti-inflammatory effects. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of TQ on neuroinflammation and neuroprotection in Aβ(1–42) infused rat model of AD. METHODS: A rat model of AD was established in 6 month-old rats (n = 23) by intra-hippocampal infusion during 14 days via a micro-osmotic pump containing aggregated Aβ(1–42). After model establishment, TQ at a dosage of 20 mg/kg/day was intubated intragastrically for 15 days. The functional recovery was determined using the Morris Water Maze task by measuring memory consolidation. The content of cytokine levels of Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) and Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in the hippocampus was assessed by Magnetic Luminex assay. In order to reveal the functional molecular changes in hippocampal tissue upon TQ administration, the protein expression profile of neuronal migration protein Doublecortin (DCX), synaptic plasticity marker Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase2 (MAP2) and apoptosis related protein Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase (PARP) was analyzed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Aβ(1–42) infused group had worse memory performance than sham control group on Day 4 with an amelioration in this behaviour by TQ. In our study, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1α and IL-1β did not significantly alter among groups. On the other hand, Aβ(1–42) infusion slightly decreased the level of IFN-γ compared to sham control group. TQ treatment ameliorated both impaired memory performance and IFN-γ levels. It was found that TQ treatment increased the protein levels of DCX compared to the sham control group. Also, the levels of MAP2 and the activation of PARP protein markedly decreased in both Aβ(1–42) and Aβ(1–42)+TQ groups compared to the sham control groups Pearson’s correlation test showed a positive relation between IL-1β and DCX in the Aβ(1–42) group. DISCUSSION: Our data suggested that TQ-related functional improvement might result from the increasing level of neurogenesis and ameliorating the level of IFN-γ in the Aβ(1–42) infused rat model of AD.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"103 1","pages":"379 - 386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80655572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1468639
H. Güler, S. Türkoğlu, D. Güler
ABSTRACT Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that antagonizes 5HT2A and D2 receptors. Risperidone is used for many indications in children and adolescents. These indications include bipolar mania, schizophrenia, disruptive behaviour disorders, and aggression associated with autism spectrum disorder/mental retardation. Although it is usually well tolerated, weight gain, somnolence, rhinitis, headache, and rising appetite are among the most noticed side effects. Here we present a 5-year-old boy who developed diffuse nonpruritic maculopapular skin rash with a stable dosage of risperidone in the eighth month of treatment.
{"title":"Maculopapular rash associated with risperidone in a child","authors":"H. Güler, S. Türkoğlu, D. Güler","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1468639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1468639","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Risperidone is an atypical antipsychotic that antagonizes 5HT2A and D2 receptors. Risperidone is used for many indications in children and adolescents. These indications include bipolar mania, schizophrenia, disruptive behaviour disorders, and aggression associated with autism spectrum disorder/mental retardation. Although it is usually well tolerated, weight gain, somnolence, rhinitis, headache, and rising appetite are among the most noticed side effects. Here we present a 5-year-old boy who developed diffuse nonpruritic maculopapular skin rash with a stable dosage of risperidone in the eighth month of treatment.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"74 1","pages":"527 - 528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79689421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1691357
Erson Aksu, Elmas Beyazyüz, Y. Albayrak, Nihan Potas, F. Durankuş, Gamze Uvaçin, M. Beyazyüz
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to compare temperament and character traits between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC). We hypothesized that patient with PCOS would differ in terms of temperament and character traits compared with HCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients who were diagnosed with PCOS and 42 age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The groups were compared in terms of temperament and character traits and anxiety status with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1 and STAI-2). FINDINGS: There was a statistically significant difference between patient and the control group in terms of cooperativeness dimension (t = −2.81; p = 0.006). It was a lower mean in the PCOS group (20.98 2.992). In addition, scores of STAI-1 and STAI-2 were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with the HC group (respectively; t = 5.70; p < 0.001; t = 2.12; p = 0.037). The score of cooperativeness and multivariate analysis of variance was found to be significantly lower in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PCOS had significant a different character trait such as lower cooperativeness compared with HC. Additionally, we found that this different character dimension would be a trait in PCOS after covariant analysis. We suggest that our result supported the psychiatric background of PCOS.
{"title":"Altered cooperativeness in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","authors":"Erson Aksu, Elmas Beyazyüz, Y. Albayrak, Nihan Potas, F. Durankuş, Gamze Uvaçin, M. Beyazyüz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1691357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1691357","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: In the present study, we aimed to compare temperament and character traits between patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC). We hypothesized that patient with PCOS would differ in terms of temperament and character traits compared with HCs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty patients who were diagnosed with PCOS and 42 age-body mass index-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in the study. The groups were compared in terms of temperament and character traits and anxiety status with the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-1 and STAI-2). FINDINGS: There was a statistically significant difference between patient and the control group in terms of cooperativeness dimension (t = −2.81; p = 0.006). It was a lower mean in the PCOS group (20.98 2.992). In addition, scores of STAI-1 and STAI-2 were significantly higher in the PCOS group compared with the HC group (respectively; t = 5.70; p < 0.001; t = 2.12; p = 0.037). The score of cooperativeness and multivariate analysis of variance was found to be significantly lower in the PCOS group. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with PCOS had significant a different character trait such as lower cooperativeness compared with HC. Additionally, we found that this different character dimension would be a trait in PCOS after covariant analysis. We suggest that our result supported the psychiatric background of PCOS.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"76 1","pages":"880 - 886"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91227289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943
Davut Ocak, V. O. Kotan, S. Paltun, M. C. Aydemir
ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorder and the relationship of RLS with medications used in these disorders and clinical/sociodemographic characteristics of the patients. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-four consecutive patients who were treated with medication for “Depressive Disorder” or “Anxiety Disorder” in our outpatient clinic were included in the study. Subjects were screened by International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Patients who met the criteria of RLS diagnosis due to the RLS screening scale (n = 104) were interviewed in detail. Patients’ laboratory tests were performed to investigate medical conditions other than antidepressant/antipsychotic use known to be related with RLS and 40 (8.8%) of 104 patients were excluded from the study. The main study group consisted of 414 patients. Results: The mean IRLSSG score of 64 patients diagnosed with RLS was 18.95 ± 5.11 (min: 7–max: 29), 7.8% of whom had mild and 55.1% had severe RLS. The incidence of RLS in patients receiving antidepressant treatment (n: 414) was significantly higher than the general population (15.5%). There were no significant difference neither between diagnostic groups (anxiety/ depression) nor individual antidepressants by means of RLS. Patients receiving combined treatment like SSRI + quetiapine, SSRI + mirtazapine or SSRI + trazodone scored 4.7 times higher on RLS scale. Discussion: There was no significant difference by means of RLS diagnosis or severity of RLS in patients with a diagnosis of anxiety/depressive disorder. However antidepressant using patients’ RLS prevalence was higher than general population’s. It was noticed that patients who received combined drug treatment had a 4.7-fold increase in RLS. In conclusion; beginning with as possible as the least number and dose of psychotropic drugs when treating a patient with depression or anxiety disorder does not increase RLS risk as well as providing advantages such as reduced risk of drug interaction and side effects.
{"title":"Is restless legs syndrome related with depression/anxiety disorders or medications used in these disorders? A cross-sectional, clinic-based study","authors":"Davut Ocak, V. O. Kotan, S. Paltun, M. C. Aydemir","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1673943","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and severity of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in patients diagnosed with depression or anxiety disorder and the relationship of RLS with medications used in these disorders and clinical/sociodemographic characteristics of the patients. Methods: Four hundred and fifty-four consecutive patients who were treated with medication for “Depressive Disorder” or “Anxiety Disorder” in our outpatient clinic were included in the study. Subjects were screened by International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) scale, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Patients who met the criteria of RLS diagnosis due to the RLS screening scale (n = 104) were interviewed in detail. Patients’ laboratory tests were performed to investigate medical conditions other than antidepressant/antipsychotic use known to be related with RLS and 40 (8.8%) of 104 patients were excluded from the study. The main study group consisted of 414 patients. Results: The mean IRLSSG score of 64 patients diagnosed with RLS was 18.95 ± 5.11 (min: 7–max: 29), 7.8% of whom had mild and 55.1% had severe RLS. The incidence of RLS in patients receiving antidepressant treatment (n: 414) was significantly higher than the general population (15.5%). There were no significant difference neither between diagnostic groups (anxiety/ depression) nor individual antidepressants by means of RLS. Patients receiving combined treatment like SSRI + quetiapine, SSRI + mirtazapine or SSRI + trazodone scored 4.7 times higher on RLS scale. Discussion: There was no significant difference by means of RLS diagnosis or severity of RLS in patients with a diagnosis of anxiety/depressive disorder. However antidepressant using patients’ RLS prevalence was higher than general population’s. It was noticed that patients who received combined drug treatment had a 4.7-fold increase in RLS. In conclusion; beginning with as possible as the least number and dose of psychotropic drugs when treating a patient with depression or anxiety disorder does not increase RLS risk as well as providing advantages such as reduced risk of drug interaction and side effects.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"31 1","pages":"832 - 839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84919159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488
Ö. Öner, Sinem Vatanartıran, Şirin Karadeniz
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that inattention was related particularly with reading problems among students. However, most of the former studies had clinically referred samples. A majority of the studies conducted with nonreferred samples have evaluated academic achievement with single or a few parent- or teacher-rated items. Almost none of the studies have investigated reading, writing, and mathematics achievements in a single sample. Data from low- and middle-income countries on the subject are exceedingly scarce. Objectives of the present study were to compare actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, mathematics achievement, and teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a single sample. METHODS: Teachers rated ADHD symptoms in a single, nonreferred, population sample (n = 2493) of first- to fourth-grade students with a SNAP-4 rating scale. Actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, and mathematics achievement were also obtained. Fluid IQ was evaluated with Ravens Progressive Matrices. Students were grouped into Predominantly Inattentive (PI), Hyperactive/Impulsive (HI), Combined (C), or control groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .003 after correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: We showed that after fluid IQ level and gender were controlled, ADHD-PI and ADHD-C groups (but not ADHD-HI) had significantly lower performance in all academic areas. ADHD-PI increased the risk of being in the lowest performing 10th percentile for reading 3 times, for writing more than 3.9 times, and for mathematics more than 6 times. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the subtype differences in terms of academic achievement between ADHD-PI, ADHD-HI, and ADHD-C, based on teacher reports. Academic achivement data were not based on teacher or parent reports but on the actual performance of the students using standardized tests. Our results suggested that inattention symptoms must be targeted in primary school students in order to help them have academic achievement similar to their peers.
{"title":"Relationships between teacher-reported ADHD symptom profiles and academic achievement domains in a nonreferred convenience sample of first- to fourth-grade students","authors":"Ö. Öner, Sinem Vatanartıran, Şirin Karadeniz","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1457488","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT OBJECTIVES: Previous studies suggested that inattention was related particularly with reading problems among students. However, most of the former studies had clinically referred samples. A majority of the studies conducted with nonreferred samples have evaluated academic achievement with single or a few parent- or teacher-rated items. Almost none of the studies have investigated reading, writing, and mathematics achievements in a single sample. Data from low- and middle-income countries on the subject are exceedingly scarce. Objectives of the present study were to compare actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, mathematics achievement, and teacher ratings of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in a single sample. METHODS: Teachers rated ADHD symptoms in a single, nonreferred, population sample (n = 2493) of first- to fourth-grade students with a SNAP-4 rating scale. Actual measurements of reading fluency, reading comprehension, reading and writing errors, and mathematics achievement were also obtained. Fluid IQ was evaluated with Ravens Progressive Matrices. Students were grouped into Predominantly Inattentive (PI), Hyperactive/Impulsive (HI), Combined (C), or control groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was set at p < .003 after correction for multiple comparisons. RESULTS: We showed that after fluid IQ level and gender were controlled, ADHD-PI and ADHD-C groups (but not ADHD-HI) had significantly lower performance in all academic areas. ADHD-PI increased the risk of being in the lowest performing 10th percentile for reading 3 times, for writing more than 3.9 times, and for mathematics more than 6 times. CONCLUSIONS: We investigated the subtype differences in terms of academic achievement between ADHD-PI, ADHD-HI, and ADHD-C, based on teacher reports. Academic achivement data were not based on teacher or parent reports but on the actual performance of the students using standardized tests. Our results suggested that inattention symptoms must be targeted in primary school students in order to help them have academic achievement similar to their peers.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"47 1","pages":"502 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85025811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727
Serkan Turan, G. Özyurt, G. Çatlı, Y. Öztürk, A. Abacı, A. Akay
ABSTRACT Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity in adolescents is associated with variations in social cognition and emotion regulation. The current study aimed to evaluate the Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in adolescents with obesity with and without BED and to examine how they related to emotional and psychopathologic evaluations. Methods: One hundred twenty-eight adolescents comprising 32 non-BED adolescents with obesity, 32 adolescents with BED and obesity, and 64 healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of tests to analyze their social cognition and clinical psychopathologic profile. Results: Patients with BED and non-BED patients with obesity showed poorer performance in emotional regulation and social cognition tasks compared with normal-weight adolescents without BED. Various correlations were evident between depression, emotional regulation problems, and eating attitudes and patterns. Conclusions: Patients with BED and non-BED adolescents with obesity showed a decline in ToM tasks, independent of their clinical psychopathological profile. Consistent with other studies, this is the first study to assess both social cognition and emotion regulation skills in adolescents with BED and obesity.
{"title":"Social cognition and emotion regulation may be impaired in adolescents with obesity independent of the presence of binge eating disorder: a two-center study","authors":"Serkan Turan, G. Özyurt, G. Çatlı, Y. Öztürk, A. Abacı, A. Akay","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1693727","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity in adolescents is associated with variations in social cognition and emotion regulation. The current study aimed to evaluate the Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities in adolescents with obesity with and without BED and to examine how they related to emotional and psychopathologic evaluations. Methods: One hundred twenty-eight adolescents comprising 32 non-BED adolescents with obesity, 32 adolescents with BED and obesity, and 64 healthy controls (HC) completed a battery of tests to analyze their social cognition and clinical psychopathologic profile. Results: Patients with BED and non-BED patients with obesity showed poorer performance in emotional regulation and social cognition tasks compared with normal-weight adolescents without BED. Various correlations were evident between depression, emotional regulation problems, and eating attitudes and patterns. Conclusions: Patients with BED and non-BED adolescents with obesity showed a decline in ToM tasks, independent of their clinical psychopathological profile. Consistent with other studies, this is the first study to assess both social cognition and emotion regulation skills in adolescents with BED and obesity.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"19 1","pages":"887 - 894"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81932165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640
Hamza Ayaydın, Şermin Bilgen Ulgar
ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is characterized by an adverse clinical course and poor psychosocial functioning, and causes problems in the social-cognitive sphere. Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of psychotic disorders when other antipsychotic agents failed. It is seen that clozapine causes more seizures at therapeutic doses when compared to standard antipsychotic agents. Various mechanisms have been proposed for seizure onset. Clozapine can induce epileptogenic activity by inhibiting D4 receptors in mesolimbic system and cortex. Clozapine does not only exert its effects on H1 and Ach-Mus receptors but also on several receptors such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A, nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate. Here, we discussed a woman with schizophrenia in whom atonic seizure was developed during clozapine treatment and treated successfully by valproic acid/sodium valproate. Atonic seizures should be considered in patients who have drop attacks during clozapine therapy and atonic seizures should be treated by using an anticonvulsant agent such as valproic acid/sodium valproate when it is inappropriate to reduce clozapine dose.
精神分裂症的特点是不良的临床病程和不良的社会心理功能，并导致社会认知领域的问题。氯氮平是一种有效的抗精神病药物，当其他抗精神病药物失效时，用于治疗精神障碍。与标准抗精神病药物相比，氯氮平在治疗剂量下引起更多的癫痫发作。癫痫发作的各种机制已被提出。氯氮平可通过抑制中脑边缘系统和皮层的D4受体诱导致痫活性。氯氮平不仅对H1和Ach-Mus受体起作用，还对γ -氨基丁酸A、烟碱乙酰胆碱、谷氨酸和n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸等受体起作用。在这里，我们讨论了一位患有精神分裂症的女性，她在氯氮平治疗期间发生了失张力发作，并通过丙戊酸/丙戊酸钠成功治疗。在氯氮平治疗过程中，失张力发作应被考虑，当不适宜减少氯氮平剂量时，应使用抗惊厥药，如丙戊酸/丙戊酸钠。
{"title":"Control of seizures in a clozapine-treated schizophrenia patient, using valproate: a case report","authors":"Hamza Ayaydın, Şermin Bilgen Ulgar","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2018.1468640","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Schizophrenia is characterized by an adverse clinical course and poor psychosocial functioning, and causes problems in the social-cognitive sphere. Clozapine is a potent antipsychotic agent used in the treatment of psychotic disorders when other antipsychotic agents failed. It is seen that clozapine causes more seizures at therapeutic doses when compared to standard antipsychotic agents. Various mechanisms have been proposed for seizure onset. Clozapine can induce epileptogenic activity by inhibiting D4 receptors in mesolimbic system and cortex. Clozapine does not only exert its effects on H1 and Ach-Mus receptors but also on several receptors such as gamma-aminobutyric acid A, nicotinic acetylcholine, glutamate, and N-methyl-D-aspartate. Here, we discussed a woman with schizophrenia in whom atonic seizure was developed during clozapine treatment and treated successfully by valproic acid/sodium valproate. Atonic seizures should be considered in patients who have drop attacks during clozapine therapy and atonic seizures should be treated by using an anticonvulsant agent such as valproic acid/sodium valproate when it is inappropriate to reduce clozapine dose.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"38 1","pages":"529 - 532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85516093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-10-02DOI: 10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758
Sinem Tabur, A. Tufan, V. Çeri, B. Semerci
ABSTRACT Objectives: The Syrian Civil War forced millions into asylum in neighbouring countries. Refugees/asylum seekers have elevated risk for psychopathology with the most important being post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Subjective experiences and symptoms of the hosting populations which have also experienced similar traumas have received relatively little attention up to now. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Syrian Civil War in terms of psychopathology, traumatic experiences and PTSD on Turkish primary school students living in Suruç which is on the border with Syria and hosts a large population of asylum seekers. Methods: Two randomly selected schools operating in the district were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data forms, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Children’s Post-traumatic Reaction Index (CPRI) were used for evaluations. Data were analysed with SPSS 23.0. P was set at 0.05 (two-tailed). Results: Most common traumatic experiences via parental report were witnessing explosions (26.9%), witnessing injuries of extended family/relatives (21.8%) and witnessing deaths of acquaintances (17.9%). Lifetime traumatic events and lifetime self-injurious behaviour in children via parental report were 26.9% and 19.9%; respectively. Of 156 students (53.2% male) with a mean age of 8.8 years (S.D. = 1.3), 13.5% obtained externalizing scores, 11.0% obtained internalizing scores and 13.5% obtained total scores in the clinical range of CBCL. 98.7% reported PTSD symptoms in moderate and above severity in CPRI. Most common traumatic experiences reported by children included hearing explosions/gunshots (17.3%), damage to residences (17.3%), and witnessing deaths of extended family/ acquaintances (12.8%). Female gender (p = .00), witnessing loss of family members/acquaintances in Syrian Civil War (p = .01) and clinically significant PTSD symptoms in CPRI. Conclusion: Children in communities hosting Syrian refugees/asylum seekers may also have elevated symptoms of PTSD and female gender may be a risk factor for those symptoms.
{"title":"Syrian Civil War’s effects on Turkish school children: prevalence and predictors of psychopathology*","authors":"Sinem Tabur, A. Tufan, V. Çeri, B. Semerci","doi":"10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/24750573.2019.1661758","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objectives: The Syrian Civil War forced millions into asylum in neighbouring countries. Refugees/asylum seekers have elevated risk for psychopathology with the most important being post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Subjective experiences and symptoms of the hosting populations which have also experienced similar traumas have received relatively little attention up to now. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Syrian Civil War in terms of psychopathology, traumatic experiences and PTSD on Turkish primary school students living in Suruç which is on the border with Syria and hosts a large population of asylum seekers. Methods: Two randomly selected schools operating in the district were included in the study. Sociodemographic Data forms, Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL), Children’s Post-traumatic Reaction Index (CPRI) were used for evaluations. Data were analysed with SPSS 23.0. P was set at 0.05 (two-tailed). Results: Most common traumatic experiences via parental report were witnessing explosions (26.9%), witnessing injuries of extended family/relatives (21.8%) and witnessing deaths of acquaintances (17.9%). Lifetime traumatic events and lifetime self-injurious behaviour in children via parental report were 26.9% and 19.9%; respectively. Of 156 students (53.2% male) with a mean age of 8.8 years (S.D. = 1.3), 13.5% obtained externalizing scores, 11.0% obtained internalizing scores and 13.5% obtained total scores in the clinical range of CBCL. 98.7% reported PTSD symptoms in moderate and above severity in CPRI. Most common traumatic experiences reported by children included hearing explosions/gunshots (17.3%), damage to residences (17.3%), and witnessing deaths of extended family/ acquaintances (12.8%). Female gender (p = .00), witnessing loss of family members/acquaintances in Syrian Civil War (p = .01) and clinically significant PTSD symptoms in CPRI. Conclusion: Children in communities hosting Syrian refugees/asylum seekers may also have elevated symptoms of PTSD and female gender may be a risk factor for those symptoms.","PeriodicalId":20847,"journal":{"name":"Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology","volume":"1 1","pages":"811 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91352156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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