The rationalization of corruption allows individuals to detach from moral imperatives, enabling them to perceive unethical or unlawful actions as acceptable or justifiable. Closely linked to the concept of moral disengagement, rationalization involves cognitive distortions that frame inhumane or immoral behavior as neither wrong nor inconsistent with the agent's values. Despite its conceptual significance, rationalization has been empirically understudied, largely due to the limited availability of firsthand qualitative data from corruption perpetrators. This study addresses this gap by analyzing how individuals involved in corruption rationalize their actions. We conduct an abductive thematic analysis of 141 h of testimony from 49 Odebrecht executives, collected as part of their leniency agreements during Brazil's high‐profile Car Wash investigation. Through these depositions, we uncover and interpret the discursive strategies used by the executives to normalize their involvement in systemic corruption. Drawing on prior research and our empirical findings, we propose eight categories of rationalization. These categories offer a framework that not only advances academic understanding of corruption rationalization mechanisms but also provides practitioners—such as compliance officers, ethics trainers, and internal auditors—with actionable insights to design more effective ethics training programs and preventive strategies that focus on cultural and psychological mechanisms rather than legislation and market regulations.
{"title":"“The Excuses We Make”: Defining Eight Corruption Rationalization Categories","authors":"Caio César Coelho Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/rego.70068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70068","url":null,"abstract":"The rationalization of corruption allows individuals to detach from moral imperatives, enabling them to perceive unethical or unlawful actions as acceptable or justifiable. Closely linked to the concept of moral disengagement, rationalization involves cognitive distortions that frame inhumane or immoral behavior as neither wrong nor inconsistent with the agent's values. Despite its conceptual significance, rationalization has been empirically understudied, largely due to the limited availability of firsthand qualitative data from corruption perpetrators. This study addresses this gap by analyzing how individuals involved in corruption rationalize their actions. We conduct an abductive thematic analysis of 141 h of testimony from 49 Odebrecht executives, collected as part of their leniency agreements during Brazil's high‐profile Car Wash investigation. Through these depositions, we uncover and interpret the discursive strategies used by the executives to normalize their involvement in systemic corruption. Drawing on prior research and our empirical findings, we propose eight categories of rationalization. These categories offer a framework that not only advances academic understanding of corruption rationalization mechanisms but also provides practitioners—such as compliance officers, ethics trainers, and internal auditors—with actionable insights to design more effective ethics training programs and preventive strategies that focus on cultural and psychological mechanisms rather than legislation and market regulations.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Martin B. Carstensen, Patrick Emmenegger, Cecilia Ivardi
Societies are grappling with uncertainty about how to adapt to the emerging knowledge economy. Drawing on the public policy literature, we propose a new approach to studying the politics of ideas during long‐term structural changes. We depart from existing scholarship that focuses on the politics of ideas during episodic crises, and instead focus on ideas that develop gradually in the context of “slow‐burning” crises, using the example of the knowledge economy. In slow‐burning crises, the processes of defining problems and identifying solutions unfold over different timeframes and lead to variation in coalition building because they involve a diverse set of actors promoting ideas at different levels of abstraction. Our cross‐national quantitative analysis of national public debates shows that employers act as key problem brokers, proposing problem diagnoses that focus on efficiency challenges. In contrast, the actors proposing solutions are more diverse, promoting ideas centered on inclusion and governance.
{"title":"Problems and Solutions in the Knowledge Economy: Ideational Power in Slow‐Burning Crises","authors":"Martin B. Carstensen, Patrick Emmenegger, Cecilia Ivardi","doi":"10.1111/rego.70060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70060","url":null,"abstract":"Societies are grappling with uncertainty about how to adapt to the emerging knowledge economy. Drawing on the public policy literature, we propose a new approach to studying the politics of ideas during long‐term structural changes. We depart from existing scholarship that focuses on the politics of ideas during episodic crises, and instead focus on ideas that develop gradually in the context of “slow‐burning” crises, using the example of the knowledge economy. In slow‐burning crises, the processes of defining problems and identifying solutions unfold over different timeframes and lead to variation in coalition building because they involve a diverse set of actors promoting ideas at different levels of abstraction. Our cross‐national quantitative analysis of national public debates shows that employers act as key problem brokers, proposing problem diagnoses that focus on efficiency challenges. In contrast, the actors proposing solutions are more diverse, promoting ideas centered on inclusion and governance.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"287 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper investigates how citizens perceive and evaluate the digitalization of education. Drawing on original survey data from six OECD countries (Germany, Japan, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the US), the study addresses the overarching question: Does public opinion support or inhibit the digital transformation of education? The analysis focuses on three core aspects in this regard—perceptions of state performance, demand for digital device use in schools, and concerns about data governance. Findings reveal cautious but conditional public support: while many endorse digitalization, significant concerns persist about data privacy, especially regarding private tech companies. Support varies systematically by socio‐economic status, age, household composition as well as in line with general dispositions and attitudes towards global technology companies. The paper also identifies a significant degree of cross‐country variation, which, however, does not neatly map onto existing welfare state regimes.
{"title":"Who Supports the Digitalization of Education? New Survey Evidence From Six OECD Countries","authors":"Marius R. Busemeyer","doi":"10.1111/rego.70059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70059","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates how citizens perceive and evaluate the digitalization of education. Drawing on original survey data from six OECD countries (Germany, Japan, Poland, Spain, Sweden, and the US), the study addresses the overarching question: Does public opinion support or inhibit the digital transformation of education? The analysis focuses on three core aspects in this regard—perceptions of state performance, demand for digital device use in schools, and concerns about data governance. Findings reveal cautious but conditional public support: while many endorse digitalization, significant concerns persist about data privacy, especially regarding private tech companies. Support varies systematically by socio‐economic status, age, household composition as well as in line with general dispositions and attitudes towards global technology companies. The paper also identifies a significant degree of cross‐country variation, which, however, does not neatly map onto existing welfare state regimes.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giuliano Bonoli, Patrick Emmenegger, Alina Felder‐Stindt
European economies face the task of providing the necessary skills for the “twin transition” in a period of skill shortage. As a result, we may expect countries to reorient their labor market policy towards re‐skilling. We look for evidence of a reorientation in two relevant policy fields: active labor market policy (ALMP) and adult education (AE). We explore general trends in both fields based on quantitative indicators and compare recent policy developments in four countries with strong ALMP and AE sectors: Denmark, France, Germany, and Sweden. We do not observe clear evidence of a general movement away from activation and towards re‐skilling in ALMP. However, in AE, we identify several re‐skilling initiatives that address skill shortages. Relying on insights from queuing theories of hiring and training, we argue that due to changes in the population targeted by ALMP, the locus of re‐skilling policy is increasingly moving towards AE.
{"title":"Re‐Skilling in the Age of Skill Shortage: Adult Education Rather Than Active Labor Market Policy","authors":"Giuliano Bonoli, Patrick Emmenegger, Alina Felder‐Stindt","doi":"10.1111/rego.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70065","url":null,"abstract":"European economies face the task of providing the necessary skills for the “twin transition” in a period of skill shortage. As a result, we may expect countries to reorient their labor market policy towards re‐skilling. We look for evidence of a reorientation in two relevant policy fields: active labor market policy (ALMP) and adult education (AE). We explore general trends in both fields based on quantitative indicators and compare recent policy developments in four countries with strong ALMP and AE sectors: Denmark, France, Germany, and Sweden. We do not observe clear evidence of a general movement away from activation and towards re‐skilling in ALMP. However, in AE, we identify several re‐skilling initiatives that address skill shortages. Relying on insights from queuing theories of hiring and training, we argue that due to changes in the population targeted by ALMP, the locus of re‐skilling policy is increasingly moving towards AE.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144748216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Long Problems: Climate Change and the Challenge of Governing Across TimeBy Thomas Hale, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2024. 241 pp. $29.95 (hardcover). ISBN: 978‐0‐69‐123812‐8","authors":"Daniel J. Fiorino","doi":"10.1111/rego.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70058","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is growing evidence of the occurrence of several types of goal displacement in regulatory enforcement agencies. A major underlying determinant of these phenomena is the neglect of ambiguities characterizing the goals of these agencies. This paper proposes three strategies that carefully consider these goal ambiguities to contain goal displacement. Each of them relates to an important underlying process in enforcement regimes. The first, multifocal scope selection, seeks to establish a balanced process of selecting regulated organizations to inspect. The second, multitier compliance perception, aims to increase the robustness of the translation of regulatory requirements to the specific settings of regulated organizations. Finally, multi‐indicator means specification strives to solidify the subordinate position of means to goals in the process of means specification. These ambiguity management strategies may shed new light on how to optimally manage enforcement agencies to increase their effectiveness.
{"title":"Balancing Between Extremes: Goal Ambiguity‐Based Strategies to Contain Goal Displacement in Regulatory Enforcement Agencies","authors":"Kees Huizinga, Martin de Bree","doi":"10.1111/rego.70062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70062","url":null,"abstract":"There is growing evidence of the occurrence of several types of goal displacement in regulatory enforcement agencies. A major underlying determinant of these phenomena is the neglect of ambiguities characterizing the goals of these agencies. This paper proposes three strategies that carefully consider these goal ambiguities to contain goal displacement. Each of them relates to an important underlying process in enforcement regimes. The first, multifocal scope selection, seeks to establish a balanced process of selecting regulated organizations to inspect. The second, multitier compliance perception, aims to increase the robustness of the translation of regulatory requirements to the specific settings of regulated organizations. Finally, multi‐indicator means specification strives to solidify the subordinate position of means to goals in the process of means specification. These ambiguity management strategies may shed new light on how to optimally manage enforcement agencies to increase their effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ina Kubbe, Bonnie J. Palifka, Lasse Buschmann Alsbirk
Preventing and reducing corruption has proven to be an enormous challenge. An important step in this process is to produce and use good metrics to identify where anti-corruption resources would be most beneficial. Most measures of corruption, however, rely on surveys of perceptions or bribery incidence. Such surveys suffer reporting biases, not least of which is memory bias. Furthermore, they paint a picture of corruption in broad strokes, while reducing corruption requires targeted policies and interventions. User Incidence Reports are collected in real time, reducing memory bias, and potentially provide the details required to target corruption where it is most frequently reported. In this study, we examine the potential research and policy value of user incident reporting platforms like “I Paid A Bribe” (IPAB). IPAB provides rich data on corruption dynamics in India, including specific corruption types, bribe amounts, regional variations, and affected sectors. Using a combination of descriptive statistics and illustrative user reports, we demonstrate IPAB's benefits and identify remaining challenges.
{"title":"“I Paid A Bribe”—Lessons and Insights From Crowdsourced Corruption Reporting in India","authors":"Ina Kubbe, Bonnie J. Palifka, Lasse Buschmann Alsbirk","doi":"10.1111/rego.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70056","url":null,"abstract":"Preventing and reducing corruption has proven to be an enormous challenge. An important step in this process is to produce and use good metrics to identify where anti-corruption resources would be most beneficial. Most measures of corruption, however, rely on surveys of perceptions or bribery incidence. Such surveys suffer reporting biases, not least of which is memory bias. Furthermore, they paint a picture of corruption in broad strokes, while reducing corruption requires targeted policies and interventions. User Incidence Reports are collected in real time, reducing memory bias, and potentially provide the details required to target corruption where it is most frequently reported. In this study, we examine the potential research and policy value of user incident reporting platforms like “I Paid A Bribe” (IPAB). IPAB provides rich data on corruption dynamics in India, including specific corruption types, bribe amounts, regional variations, and affected sectors. Using a combination of descriptive statistics and illustrative user reports, we demonstrate IPAB's benefits and identify remaining challenges.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145083914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trustable environments are highly appreciated for regulatory performance, but difficult to emerge. A condition for making trust work is to accept vulnerability, and this holds both for stakeholders and agencies in public governance. Trust‐related vulnerability can be understood as a dynamic perception of potential harm derived from entering into a desired interaction. While stakeholders increased vulnerability due to voluntary exchanges with public bodies has been widely documented, the conditions under which agencies voluntarily increase their vulnerability remain less explored. Focusing on independent regulatory agencies (IRAs), this paper introduces a conceptual framework where agency vulnerability serves as a strategic tool to enhance IRAs' accountability, ultimately supporting these goals. We argue that IRAs intentionally incorporate vulnerability to make accountability efforts more credible, fostering stakeholder trust and facilitating operations. To achieve this, IRAs disclose sensitive information through accountability mechanisms, including transparency and participation initiatives. While this exposes them to criticism, penalization, or termination, it also strengthens stakeholder support and regulatory effectiveness. However, to manage risks, vulnerability is often selectively applied, prioritizing preferred stakeholders. We empirically apply this framework on Spanish data protection, finance, and food safety regulators. Our findings suggest that while vulnerability increases risks by enabling potential harm to IRAs, it ultimately mitigates accountability challenges and enhances trust among selected stakeholders, making accountability relationships more credible.
{"title":"Turning Vulnerability Into Strength: How Independent Regulatory Agencies Enhance Accountability and Build Stakeholder Trust","authors":"Jacint Jordana, Juan Carlos Triviño‐Salazar","doi":"10.1111/rego.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70053","url":null,"abstract":"Trustable environments are highly appreciated for regulatory performance, but difficult to emerge. A condition for making trust work is to accept vulnerability, and this holds both for stakeholders and agencies in public governance. Trust‐related vulnerability can be understood as a dynamic perception of potential harm derived from entering into a desired interaction. While stakeholders increased vulnerability due to voluntary exchanges with public bodies has been widely documented, the conditions under which agencies voluntarily increase their vulnerability remain less explored. Focusing on independent regulatory agencies (IRAs), this paper introduces a conceptual framework where agency vulnerability serves as a strategic tool to enhance IRAs' accountability, ultimately supporting these goals. We argue that IRAs intentionally incorporate vulnerability to make accountability efforts more credible, fostering stakeholder trust and facilitating operations. To achieve this, IRAs disclose sensitive information through accountability mechanisms, including transparency and participation initiatives. While this exposes them to criticism, penalization, or termination, it also strengthens stakeholder support and regulatory effectiveness. However, to manage risks, vulnerability is often selectively applied, prioritizing preferred stakeholders. We empirically apply this framework on Spanish data protection, finance, and food safety regulators. Our findings suggest that while vulnerability increases risks by enabling potential harm to IRAs, it ultimately mitigates accountability challenges and enhances trust among selected stakeholders, making accountability relationships more credible.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144612836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conditionality was a central concern in the development literature of the 1990s. With the significant expansion of targeted public support to private firms since the Great Financial Crisis, the issue of conditionality has once again become a focal point in industrial policy debates. Despite the growing interest in the concept, the existing literature lacks a systematic conceptualization of conditionality within the context of industrial policy and does not outline the political factors that enable state actors to introduce it. This article addresses this gap by critically reviewing the existing literature and providing a systematic political economy of conditionality. We offer an overview of the literature on conditionality, examining different industries, historical periods, and national contexts. In doing so, we make three key contributions to the debate on industrial policy and regulatory instruments more broadly. First, we distinguish between two broad approaches to encoding conditionality in industrial policy: hard‐coding and soft‐coding. Next, we map the coalitional, institutional, ideational, and global contextual factors that facilitate conditionality. Finally, we present two vignettes of recent industrial policy initiatives in the European Union and the United States as illustrative cases. This conceptual exercise, intended to lay the foundation for future causal research on conditionality, demonstrates that the presence of conditionality is not merely a technical matter of political design but is instead shaped by configurations of political economy factors.
{"title":"Regulating via Conditionality: The Instruments of the New Industrial Policy","authors":"Fabio Bulfone, Timur Ergen, Erez Maggor","doi":"10.1111/rego.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70050","url":null,"abstract":"Conditionality was a central concern in the development literature of the 1990s. With the significant expansion of targeted public support to private firms since the Great Financial Crisis, the issue of conditionality has once again become a focal point in industrial policy debates. Despite the growing interest in the concept, the existing literature lacks a systematic conceptualization of conditionality within the context of industrial policy and does not outline the political factors that enable state actors to introduce it. This article addresses this gap by critically reviewing the existing literature and providing a systematic political economy of conditionality. We offer an overview of the literature on conditionality, examining different industries, historical periods, and national contexts. In doing so, we make three key contributions to the debate on industrial policy and regulatory instruments more broadly. First, we distinguish between two broad approaches to encoding conditionality in industrial policy: hard‐coding and soft‐coding. Next, we map the coalitional, institutional, ideational, and global contextual factors that facilitate conditionality. Finally, we present two vignettes of recent industrial policy initiatives in the European Union and the United States as illustrative cases. This conceptual exercise, intended to lay the foundation for future causal research on conditionality, demonstrates that the presence of conditionality is not merely a technical matter of political design but is instead shaped by configurations of political economy factors.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144611334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benedetta Cotta, Ekaterina Domorenok, Paolo Graziano, Trajche Panov
The ecosocial policy integration, required to address the intertwined social and ecological challenges of climate change, has been central to the European Union's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), which was launched to tackle the social and economic impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic while simultaneously supporting the green and digital transitions outlined in the European Green Deal. Drawing on the growing eco‐welfare debate, our contribution first examines how the 27 national plans implementing the RRF integrate social and environmental measures. It then explores the drivers behind different patterns of ecosocial policy integration in three countries which show different levels of ecosocial policy integration: Italy (high), Poland (medium), and Germany (low). Our findings show that institutional factors have been key in shaping national ecosocial policy mixes, driven in the Italian case by a strong governmental will to comply with the EU ecosocial guidelines, whereas in Poland and especially in Germany the absence of ecosocial policy legacies and the limited involvement of pro‐ecosocial societal actors have limited the effective integration of social and ecological measures.
{"title":"Varieties of Ecosocial Policies in the EU: The Case of the National Recovery and Resilience Plans","authors":"Benedetta Cotta, Ekaterina Domorenok, Paolo Graziano, Trajche Panov","doi":"10.1111/rego.70057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/rego.70057","url":null,"abstract":"The ecosocial policy integration, required to address the intertwined social and ecological challenges of climate change, has been central to the European Union's Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF), which was launched to tackle the social and economic impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic while simultaneously supporting the green and digital transitions outlined in the European Green Deal. Drawing on the growing eco‐welfare debate, our contribution first examines how the 27 national plans implementing the RRF integrate social and environmental measures. It then explores the drivers behind different patterns of ecosocial policy integration in three countries which show different levels of ecosocial policy integration: Italy (high), Poland (medium), and Germany (low). Our findings show that institutional factors have been key in shaping national ecosocial policy mixes, driven in the Italian case by a strong governmental will to comply with the EU ecosocial guidelines, whereas in Poland and especially in Germany the absence of ecosocial policy legacies and the limited involvement of pro‐ecosocial societal actors have limited the effective integration of social and ecological measures.","PeriodicalId":21026,"journal":{"name":"Regulation & Governance","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144603129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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