Radiation Measurements最新文献_第2页

Radiation exposure assessment in interventional radiology: Staff personal dosimetry and radiation protection in percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography 介入放射学中的辐射暴露评估：工作人员个人剂量测定和经皮经肝胆管造影中的辐射防护

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107621

Isaías Petronis , Denise Y. Nersissian , Francisco S. Cancio , Nancy K. Umisedo , Elisabeth M. Yoshimura

Interventional radiology (IR) procedures are the key source of radiation exposure for healthcare workers. Personal dosimetry is essential to ensure that dose limits are respected and radiation protection is maintained. This study aimed to estimate the average radiation dose received by the healthcare team during the most common IR procedure at a university hospital in São Paulo, Brasil. Cumulative personal dose equivalent, H_p(10), was measured outside the lead apron using thermoluminescent dosimetry (TL) in 57 percutaneous transhepatic biliary cholangiography procedures, divided into biliary drain insertions and biliary drain replacement. Three interventional radiologists participate in each procedure, with distinct roles and positions around the patient. The effective dose per procedure for the three roles of the interventional radiologists were estimated. For the primary interventional radiologist, the values were (54 ± 2) μSv and (32 ± 1) μSv in primary drain insertion and drain replacement, respectively. Additionally, as patient dose indicator, the kerma-area product medians were estimated as 34.3 Gy cm² and 13.4 Gy cm² in primary drain insertions and drain replacements, respectively. Under controlled equipment settings, which simulates clinical procedures with acrylic slabs, TL readings showed strong linear correlations with measurements from an ionization chamber (R² = 0.979) and with the equipment dose indicator. The expected relationship between patient and staff doses was confirmed, in both clinical procedures and controlled settings. Finally, based on the results, recommendations were made regarding radiation protection at this facility, aiming to reduce both patient and staff exposure during this procedure.

介入放射（IR）程序是卫生保健工作者辐照的主要来源。个人剂量测定对于确保遵守剂量限值和维持辐射防护至关重要。本研究旨在估计巴西圣保罗一所大学医院的医疗团队在最常见的IR过程中接受的平均辐射剂量。在57例经皮经肝胆道造影手术中，采用热释光剂量法（TL）测量铅圈外累积个人剂量当量Hp(10)，分为胆道插入和胆道置换。每个手术都有三位介入放射科医生参与，他们在患者周围扮演着不同的角色和位置。估计了介入放射科医生三个角色的每次手术的有效剂量。对于初级介入放射科医师，初级插入引流管和更换引流管的数值分别为（54±2）μSv和（32±1）μSv。此外，作为患者剂量指标，初次插入引流管和更换引流管时的角膜面积产物中值分别估计为34.3 Gy cm2和13.4 Gy cm2。在受控的设备设置下，用丙烯酸板模拟临床程序，TL读数与电离室的测量值（R2 = 0.979）和设备剂量指示器显示出很强的线性相关性。在临床程序和对照环境中，证实了患者和工作人员剂量之间的预期关系。最后，根据结果，对该设施的辐射防护提出了建议，旨在减少患者和工作人员在此过程中的暴露。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing the feasibility of N-Vinyl caprolactam polymer gel dosimeter using saccharide sensitizer for medical dosimetry 糖敏化剂优化n -乙烯基己内酰胺聚合物凝胶剂量计用于医学剂量测定的可行性

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107622

Molham M. Eyadeh , Khalid A. Rabaeh , Dua'a I. Bani Hamdan , Ali M. Almomani

In this work, the influence of glucose on the dose sensitivity of N-vinyl caprolactam based gel dosimeters (NVCL) is studied. Moreover, the radiation properties of the NVCL-glucose gel dosimeters such as temperature dependence, dose rate and energy dependence and temporal stability were investigated. The improved NVCL-glucose polymers were exposed to megavoltage photon beams from a medical linear accelerator at doses up to 20 Gy. The exposures were carried out at photon energies of 6–15 MV, dose rates between 50 and 500 cGy/min, and temperatures ranging from 10 °C to 30 °C. The transverse relaxation rate (R₂) of the gel samples was measured using a time-domain NMR relaxometer with a magnetic field strength of 0.5 T. The R₂-dose response was found to be linear up to a radiation dose of 10 Gy, where the dose sensitivity of the improved polymers exhibited a significant enhancement, achieving 0.37 s⁻¹ Gy⁻¹, which is twice the R₂-dose sensitivity of previous NVCL systems. Additionally, it was observed that the NVCL-glucose polymers were independent of dose rate and radiation energy. A decrease in R₂ dose sensitivity was observed with increasing scanning temperature. The optimized NVCL–glucose formulation remained stable for at least 7 days after irradiation, with no significant change in the R₂ dose response over this period. These findings highlight the potential of NVCL-glucose dosimeters for practical application in MRI/NMR based 3-D dose verification.

本文研究了葡萄糖对n -乙烯基己内酰胺凝胶剂量计（NVCL）剂量敏感性的影响。此外，研究了nvcl -葡萄糖凝胶剂量仪的温度依赖性、剂量率依赖性和能量依赖性以及时间稳定性。将改进的nvcl -葡萄糖聚合物暴露于来自医用直线加速器的高达20 Gy的兆伏光子光束中。照射的光子能量为6 ~ 15 MV，剂量率为50 ~ 500 cGy/min，温度为10℃~ 30℃。利用0.5 t磁场强度的时域核磁共振弛豫仪测量了凝胶样品的横向弛豫率（R2），发现R2剂量响应在辐射剂量为10 Gy时呈线性，其中改进聚合物的剂量灵敏度显着增强，达到0.37 s−1 Gy−1，是以前NVCL系统R2剂量灵敏度的两倍。此外，还观察到nvcl -葡萄糖聚合物与剂量率和辐射能量无关。R2剂量敏感性随扫描温度升高而降低。优化后的nvcl -葡萄糖制剂在辐照后至少7天保持稳定，在此期间R2剂量反应没有显著变化。这些发现突出了nvcl -葡萄糖剂量计在基于MRI/NMR的三维剂量验证中的实际应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Raman spectroscopy investigation of age-related radiation effects on fingernail molecular structure for individual-based ESR dosimetry 拉曼光谱研究年龄相关辐射对指甲分子结构的影响，用于基于个体的ESR剂量测定

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107615

Samayeh Azariasl , Hideaki Fujita , Tomonobu M. Watanabe , Hiroshi Yasuda

Accurate retrospective dosimetry is essential in nuclear and radiological emergency responses. The technique of measuring electron spin resonance (ESR) signals from fingernails offers a non-invasive method for retrospective dosimetry of hand exposure. In this study, we explored the use of Raman spectroscopy to investigate molecular structural differences in fingernails and their correlation with ESR signal characteristics. Fingernail and toenail samples collected from 12 donors aged 10–70 years were irradiated with 20 Gy X-rays (160 kVp, 6.3 mA) and subsequently measured using ESR spectrometry and Raman spectroscopy. The post-irradiation (20 Gy) Raman spectra showed a significant decrease in the ratio of normalized S–S/C–C peak area across all age groups, dropping from 0.46 to 0.28 (10–20 years old), 0.51 to 0.26 (20–50 y/o), and 0.75 to 0.43 (50–70 y/o). These results indicated radiation-induced disruption of disulfide bonds, revealing age-dependent variations in bond stability and protein structure, with younger individuals exhibiting stronger molecular structures and higher intensities of radiation-induced ESR signals. These findings on the radiation effects on the molecular structural changes of fingernails would contribute to the achievement of more accurate, individual-based fingernail dosimetry.

准确的回顾性剂量测定在核和辐射应急反应中至关重要。测量手指甲电子自旋共振（ESR）信号的技术为手部暴露的回顾性剂量测定提供了一种非侵入性的方法。在这项研究中，我们探索了利用拉曼光谱来研究指甲的分子结构差异及其与ESR信号特征的相关性。从12名年龄在10-70岁的供体中采集指甲和脚趾甲样本，用20 Gy x射线（160 kVp, 6.3 mA）照射，随后使用ESR光谱和拉曼光谱进行测量。辐照后（20 Gy）拉曼光谱显示，各年龄组归一化S-S / C-C峰面积比值显著下降，从0.46降至0.28（10-20岁），从0.51降至0.26 (20 - 50 y/o)，从0.75降至0.43 （50-70 y/o）。这些结果表明，辐射诱导的二硫键破坏，揭示了键稳定性和蛋白质结构的年龄依赖性变化，年轻个体表现出更强的分子结构和更高强度的辐射诱导ESR信号。这些关于辐射对指甲分子结构变化的影响的发现将有助于实现更准确的、基于个体的指甲剂量测定。

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引用次数: 0

A new method for the determination of 210Po in environmental samples using plastic scintillation resins 建立了用塑料闪烁树脂测定环境样品中210Po的新方法

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107618

Jordi Rotger , Joana Tent , Hector Bagán , Anna Rigol , Àlex Tarancón

We have developed a new method using a selective plastic scintillation resin (PSresin) based on Aliquat-336 for analysing ²¹⁰Po in water samples. The PSresin effectively isolates ²¹⁰Po while removing main interferences such as ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Bi by loading the sample in a HCl 1 mol L⁻¹ medium and rinsing with HCl 1 mol L⁻¹ and 6.25 mol L⁻¹, consecutively. We optimized the rinse volumes and conducted a search for suitable chemical analogues of polonium to be used as tracers throughout the procedure. Zinc and cadmium were identified as the most suitable elements for preconcentration and separation of ²¹⁰Po on the PSresin. We compared our PSresin method with reference methods (UNE-EN ISO 13161 and IAEA/AQ/12) based on alpha spectrometry by analysing drinking water samples. The results showed that the PSresin method is faster and provides accurate results, although the alpha spectrometry methods achieve lower detection limits.

我们开发了一种基于Aliquat-336的选择性塑料闪烁树脂（PSresin）分析水样中210Po的新方法。通过将样品装于HCl 1 mol L−1介质中，连续用HCl 1 mol L−1和6.25 mol L−1洗涤，PSresin可以有效地分离210Po，同时去除210Pb和210Bi等主要干扰。我们优化了漂洗体积，并在整个过程中寻找合适的化学类似物作为示踪剂。锌和镉是最适合在PSresin上富集分离210Po的元素。通过对饮用水样品的α光谱分析，将PSresin方法与参考方法（UNE-EN ISO 13161和IAEA/AQ/12）进行了比较。结果表明，虽然α光谱法的检出限较低，但PSresin法速度更快，结果准确。

引用次数: 0

Flexible radiochromic films based on 10.12-pentacosadiynoic acid-doped ionogel enabling 2D real time dosimetry 基于10.12-五甲酸掺杂离子凝胶的柔性放射性致色膜，可实现二维实时剂量测定

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107628

Naseer Ahmad , Mar Álvarez , Consuelo Guardiola , Xavier Muñoz-Berbel , Gonzalo Guirado , Silvia Mena

In this work, we report the development and characterization of a new flexible radiochromic film based on 10.12-pentacosadiynoic acid (10.12-PCDA) embedded in an ionogel (IG) matrix. Designed for real-time, in-situ 2D dosimetry, the film integrates all components within a single, flexible layer. This enhances its adaptability to curved and irregular surfaces and facilitates adjustment to patient morphology. The ionogels were produced by immobilizing the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM TFSI) within a polymeric matrix of Poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-co-HFP), achieving thin (100 μm) and flexible (Young's modulus of 4 MPa) films. Ionogels were doped with the radiochromic molecule 10.12-PCDA, achieving a maximum concentration of 8.2 wt% in the film, which confers it with high sensitivity to radiation. Dose response calibration was performed with a 90 kV microfocus X-ray source and revealed a strong correlation between changes in the optical density of the films irradiated and radiation dose, with the most sensitive formulation (8.2 wt% 10.12-PCDA, IL/polymer ratio 3:1) displaying a detection limit of 0.25 Gy. The radiochromic properties of these films, combined with a customised opto-mechanical setup and open-source colour analysis software, enable a system for 2D and real-time dosimetry with a spatial resolution of 1 mm. The films demonstrated excellent flexibility, mechanical stability post-irradiation, and reliable dose distribution assessment on curved surfaces (90–180° curvature angle). These results position 10.12-PCDA@IG films as promising candidates for in vivo dosimetry on the patient skin.

在这项工作中，我们报道了一种基于10.12-五甲酸（10.12-PCDA）嵌入离子凝胶（IG）基质的新型柔性放射性变色膜的开发和表征。该薄膜专为实时、原位二维剂量测定而设计，将所有组件集成在一个单一的柔性层中。这增强了其对弯曲和不规则表面的适应性，便于对患者形态进行调整。将离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑双（三氟甲基磺酰基）亚胺（BMIM TFSI）固定在聚偏氟乙烯-共六氟丙烯（PVDF-co-HFP）聚合物基体中，制备出薄（100 μm）柔韧（杨氏模量为4 MPa）的离子凝胶。在电离子凝胶中掺入放射性致变色分子10.12-PCDA，薄膜的最大浓度为8.2%，这使其具有较高的辐射敏感性。使用90 kV微聚焦x射线源进行剂量响应校准，发现辐照膜的光密度变化与辐射剂量之间存在很强的相关性，最敏感的配方（8.2 wt% 10.12-PCDA， IL/聚合物比3:1）显示出0.25 Gy的检测限。这些薄膜的放射线致色特性，结合定制的光机械装置和开源的色彩分析软件，使一个空间分辨率为1毫米的二维实时剂量测定系统成为可能。该膜具有良好的柔韧性和辐照后的机械稳定性，在曲面（90-180°曲率角）上具有可靠的剂量分布评估。这些结果使10.12-PCDA@IG薄膜成为在患者皮肤上进行体内剂量测定的有希望的候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Characteristics of passive dosimeters for ultra-high dose rate protons and electrons 超高剂量率质子和电子被动剂量计的特性

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107629

Satoshi Kodaira , Tamon Kusumoto , Taisei Mamiya , Teruaki Konishi , Ryo Ogawara , Nagaaki Kamiguchi , Daizo Amano , Kenzo Sasai

A practical and accurate dosimetry method is essential to support basic research aimed at advancing ultra-high dose rate radiation therapy (UHDR, >40 Gy/s). However, applying conventional dosimetry methods which have been developed and characterized under low dose rates (approximately 0.03 Gy/s) directly to these conditions remains highly challenging. The dose and dose rate dependences of passive dosimeters, optical stimulated luminescence dosimeter (OSLD), Fricke chemical dosimeter and cellulose triacetate (CTA) film dosimeter, were investigated for dosimetry under UHDR irradiation of proton and electron beams. Under 230 MeV proton irradiation with an average dose rate of 50 Gy/s, no dose rate dependence was observed in either OSLD or Fricke dosimeter. The applicable dose range was below 10 Gy for OSLD and above 10 Gy for the Fricke dosimeter. In contrast, under 14 MeV electron irradiation with an instantaneous dose rate exceeding 100 kGy/s, dose rate dependence was observed in OSLD and CTA film dosimeter, while the Fricke dosimeter remained dose rate independent. Since the observed dose-rate dependence in OSLD appears to contradict existing theoretical models, further experimental validation is required. These results demonstrate that the dose assessment at the accelerator facilities can be effectively characterized using a combination of OSLD and Fricke dosimeters, covering a wide range of proton dose and dose rate, whereas the Fricke dosimeter is applicable for dosimetry of high-intensity short-pulsed electron beam.

一种实用而准确的剂量学方法对于支持旨在推进超高剂量率放射治疗（UHDR, 40 Gy/s）的基础研究至关重要。然而，将在低剂量率（约0.03 Gy/s）下开发和表征的传统剂量学方法直接应用于这些条件仍然具有很大的挑战性。研究了质子和电子束UHDR辐照下被动剂量计、光激发发光剂量计（OSLD）、Fricke化学剂量计和CTA膜剂量计的剂量和剂量率依赖性。在平均剂量率为50 Gy/s的230 MeV质子辐照下，OSLD和Fricke剂量计均无剂量率依赖性。OSLD的适用剂量范围小于10 Gy， Fricke剂量计的适用剂量范围大于10 Gy。在瞬时剂量率超过100 kGy/s的14 MeV电子辐照下，OSLD和CTA膜剂量计与剂量率相关，而Fricke剂量计与剂量率无关。由于观察到的OSLD的剂量-率依赖性似乎与现有的理论模型相矛盾，因此需要进一步的实验验证。这些结果表明，使用OSLD和Fricke剂量计的组合可以有效地表征加速器设施的剂量评估，涵盖了广泛的质子剂量和剂量率范围，而Fricke剂量计适用于高强度短脉冲电子束的剂量测量。

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引用次数: 0

Commissioning of radiophotoluminescent dosimetry system for radiotherapy dosimetry audits - feasibility and pilot study results in Bulgaria 用于放射治疗剂量测定审计的放射光致发光剂量测定系统的调试——保加利亚的可行性和试点研究结果

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107619

Gueorgui Gueorguiev , Tsvetelina Todorova , Bozhidar Vladimirov , Filip Simeonov , Katia Sergieva

This study depicts how a nationwide remote dosimetry audit (RDA) system in radiotherapy, utilizing radiophotoluminescent dosemeters, was commissioned and validated in Bulgaria. The work outlines the commissioning process of the dosimetry system, presents the organization of the RDA feasibility study, and describes how a preliminary clinical audit was carried out in Bulgaria, with determination of absorbed dose correction factors as an integral part of the commissioning process. After successful commissioning of the RDA system, the dosimetric accuracy of the absorbed dose to water at the reference point under reference conditions was evaluated during both the feasibility study and the clinical audit. Across all investigated photon beam energies (6 MV, 10 MV, 15 MV, 6 MV FFF, and 10 MV FFF), the differences between the stated doses and the RPLD-measured doses ranged from −1.5 % to +4.0 % during the feasibility phase and from −1.5 % to +2.0 % during the first clinical audits, with all deviations remaining well within the ±5 % acceptance tolerance. The findings of the feasibility study and the preliminary clinical results indicate that the proposed RDA methodology is viable for implementation in Bulgarian radiotherapy centers.

本研究描述了如何在保加利亚使用放射光致发光剂量计进行全国范围的放射治疗远程剂量审计（RDA）系统的委托和验证。该工作概述了剂量测定系统的调试过程，介绍了RDA可行性研究的组织，并描述了如何在保加利亚进行初步临床审计，并将确定吸收剂量校正系数作为调试过程的一个组成部分。在RDA系统成功调试后，在可行性研究和临床审核期间，评估了参考条件下参考点对水的吸收剂量的剂量学准确性。在所有研究的光子束能量（6 MV、10 MV、15 MV、6 MV FFF和10 MV FFF）中，所述剂量与rpld测量剂量之间的差异在可行性阶段为- 1.5%至+ 4.0%，在第一次临床审计期间为- 1.5%至+ 2.0%，所有偏差都保持在±5%的可接受公差范围内。可行性研究的结果和初步临床结果表明，拟议的RDA方法在保加利亚放射治疗中心实施是可行的。

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引用次数: 0

Study on a rapid measurement method for the deposition velocity of 220Rn progeny based on an imaging plate 基于成像板的220Rn子代沉积速度快速测量方法研究

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107620

Yufan Liu, Kexin Wang, Wenjie Xu, Jialu Feng, Tao Ao, Lidan Lv, Qingzhi Zhou, Zhengzhong He

The study of the deposition behavior of

^{220} Rn

progeny is crucial for the assessment of public and occupational radiation doses and for controlling progeny concentration in a thoron chamber. To address the difficulty of maintaining stable environmental conditions over long durations when studying deposition velocity variations, a rapid and accurate method for the deposition velocity measurement of

^{220} Rn

progeny is proposed in this study, based on a BAS-TR imaging plate (IP), which has advantages of high sensitivity, large detection area and portability. In this research, measurement procedures were optimized based on the analysis of uncertainty, whereby the total time for a single measurement can be limited within 8 h. A dedicated Python program was developed for the automatic processing of IP count data, and key parameters such as IP detection efficiency, IP scanner sensitivity, and IP fading correction were determined through experiments. Comparative experiment was conducted between IP and a calibrated alpha spectroscopy, with results showing good agreement between two method. This method was preliminarily applied on

^{220} Rn

progeny deposition velocity measurement using collection plates of different sizes. Compared to traditional techniques, multi-sample, large-area measurements of deposition velocity can be completed within 8 hours using the proposed method, thereby providing an new efficient approach for the study of the deposition of

^{220} Rn

progeny and other radionuclides.

研究220Rn子体的沉积行为对于评估公众和职业辐射剂量以及控制钍室子体浓度至关重要。针对研究沉积速度变化时难以长时间保持稳定环境条件的问题，本研究提出了一种基于BAS-TR成像板（IP）的220Rn子代沉积速度快速准确测量方法，该方法具有灵敏度高、检测面积大、便携性好等优点。本研究在不确定度分析的基础上对测量程序进行了优化，将单次测量的总时间控制在8 h以内。开发了专用Python程序对IP计数数据进行自动处理，并通过实验确定了IP检测效率、IP扫描器灵敏度、IP衰落校正等关键参数。将IP法与标定后的α光谱法进行了对比实验，结果表明两者吻合较好。该方法初步应用于不同尺寸采集板的220Rn子代沉积速度测量。与传统方法相比，该方法可在8小时内完成多样品、大面积的沉积速度测量，为研究220Rn子代及其他放射性核素的沉积提供了一种新的高效方法。

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引用次数: 0

Scintillation characteristics of Eu-doped barium fluoroiodide translucent ceramics 掺铕氟化钡半透明陶瓷的闪烁特性

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107616

Shota Otake, Takumi Kato, Daisuke Nakauchi, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida

Eu:BaFI translucent ceramics were successfully fabricated for the first time, and their optical and scintillation properties were systematically investigated. In the photoluminescence (PL) measurements, an emission band originating from Eu²⁺ was observed at 405 nm, with a lifetime of approximately 0.4–0.5 μs. PL quantum yields for the samples with 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 % Eu were 8, 20, 62, and 89 %, respectively. In the X-ray-induced scintillation spectra, in addition to the Eu²⁺ luminescence, a broad band around 490 nm was observed, which is attributed to the recombination of self-trapped excitons or anion defects in the host lattice. Afterglow levels of the Eu:BaFI samples following X-ray irradiation were approximately 300–400 ppm, comparable to that of a commercial Tl:CsI scintillator. Under ¹³⁷Cs γ-ray irradiation, scintillation light yields of the 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 % Eu:BaFI samples were estimated to be 4,400, 14,000, 25,000, and 19,000 photons/MeV, respectively.

首次成功制备了Eu:BaFI半透明陶瓷，并对其光学和闪烁性能进行了系统的研究。在光致发光（PL）测量中，在405 nm处观察到来自Eu2+的发射带，其寿命约为0.4 ~ 0.5 μs。在含有0.05、0.1、0.5和1% Eu的样品中，PL量子产率分别为8%、20%、62%和89%。在x射线诱导的闪烁光谱中，除了Eu2+发光外，还观察到约490 nm的宽频带，这归因于宿主晶格中自捕获激子的重组或阴离子缺陷。Eu:BaFI样品在x射线照射后的余辉水平约为300 - 400ppm，与商用Tl:CsI闪烁体相当。在137Cs γ射线照射下，0.05、0.1、0.5和1% Eu:BaFI样品的闪烁产光量分别为4,400、14,000、25,000和19,000光子/MeV。

引用次数: 0

Carbon loaded TLDs: Utility in radiotherapy 碳负载tld：在放射治疗中的应用

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2026.107626

Zakia Lagha Ameur , Peta Lonski , Tomas Kron

Background

Thermoluminescence dosimetry (TLD) is a well-established dosimetric technique with large range of materials and sensitivities. To extend the use of TLD to surface dose measurements, carbon-loaded TLDs—commonly referred to as "black TLDs"—have been developed. The inclusion of carbon in the TLD matrix reduces the effective detector volume by limiting the emission of luminescence to a shallow surface layer, with the carbon concentration dictating the detection depth.

Methods

A set of 50 carbon-loaded LiF:Mg,Ti (RadPro) round chips (0.9 mm thick, 4.5 mm diameter) were commissioned using a programmable Lexsyg Smart reader suitable for thermos- and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimetry. Detection limit, dose response and reproducibility were determined and a correction for light emitted from the side wall of the TLD chips developed. The effective depth of measurement was determined in the build-up region of 6, 10 and 18 MV megavoltage photon beams (Varian Truebeam) in comparison with a thin window plane parallel ionisation chamber (IBA, advanced Markus type).

Results

The readout of the TLDs was reproducible within 1.9 % (2SD) and they showed typical supralinear response at doses exceeding 1 Gy. A correction applied for light emission from the side wall of the chips reduced the effective reading at the surface in MV X-rays to within 18 % of the dose measured with the ionisation chamber.

Conclusion

Mixing carbon with the active TL material creates an opportunity to restrict readout of dosimeters to regions of interest. There are several clinical applications that can benefit including in vivo dosimetry on patients’ skin, source strength verification for beta emitters and dosimetry in electronic brachytherapy.

热释光剂量法（TLD）是一种成熟的剂量测定技术，具有广泛的材料范围和灵敏度。为了将TLD的使用扩展到表面剂量测量，碳负载TLD -通常被称为“黑色TLD”-已经开发出来。碳在TLD基体中的包裹体通过将发光发射限制在浅层表层来减少有效探测器体积，碳浓度决定探测深度。方法采用可编程Lexsyg Smart读卡器对50组载碳的liff:Mg，Ti （RadPro）圆形芯片（0.9 mm厚，4.5 mm直径）进行热激发发光（OSL）剂量测定。确定了检测限、剂量响应和再现性，并对TLD芯片侧壁发出的光进行了校正。通过与薄窗面平行电离室（IBA，先进Markus型）的比较，确定了6、10和18 MV兆伏光子束（Varian Truebeam）的累积区域的有效测量深度。结果在1.9 % （2SD）范围内重现性好，在剂量超过1 Gy时表现出典型的超线性反应。对芯片侧壁的光发射进行校正，将表面的MV x射线有效读数降低到电离室测量剂量的18%以内。结论：碳与活性TL材料混合产生了将剂量计读数限制在感兴趣区域的机会。有几种临床应用可以受益，包括患者皮肤的体内剂量测定，β发射器的源强度验证和电子近距离放射治疗中的剂量测定。

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引用次数: 0