Radiation Measurements最新文献_第10页

Optimized quantitative indirect neutron radiography method for 2D non-primary radiation measurement in BNCT 优化定量间接中子放射成像方法用于BNCT二维非一次辐射测量

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107599

Jialong Yang , Xingyan Liu , Diyun Shu , Changran Geng , Xiaobin Tang , Yuan-Hao Liu

Accurate quantitative measurement of neutron non-primary radiation is crucial for the safe implementation of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), yet such measurement faces challenges including large measurement area and strong γ-ray interference. Indirect neutron radiography (INR) offers advantages for large-area measurement and γ resistance, but its application is limited by the low sensitivity of activation detectors and measurement errors from crosstalk. To address these challenges, dysprosium (Dy) was selected as the activation detector to enhance sensitivity, establishing a quantitative calibration relationship between its activity and imaging plate (IP) signals. For signal crosstalk during foil exposure, spatial convolution kernel was constructed using Monte Carlo simulations, and then applied with the Biconjugate Gradient Stabilized (Bi-CGSTAB) algorithm to perform spatial deconvolution of dose deposition on the IP, thereby reconstructing the actual activity of each pixel on the foil. Validation experiments demonstrated significant improvement, and the proportion of data points exceeding 5 % deviation decreased from over 60 % before correction to below 15 % after correction. Applied to clinical BNCT device, it successfully obtained the two-dimensional (2D) distribution of neutron non-primary radiation within 150–550 mm from the radiation field edge. The converted maximum skin absorbed dose rate was 1.26 × 10⁻⁴ Gy/s, located at 150 mm from the radiation field edge and decaying rapidly with increasing distance. This study achieved the quantitative measurement of 2D neutron non-primary radiation distribution in clinical BNCT devices, and provided technical support for comprehensive assessment of radiation risks and optimization of protection design.

中子非一次辐射的精确定量测量对于硼中子俘获治疗（BNCT）的安全实施至关重要，但这种测量面临着测量面积大、γ射线干扰强等挑战。间接中子射线照相（INR）具有大面积测量和抗γ的优点，但其应用受到激活探测器灵敏度低和串扰测量误差的限制。为了解决这些挑战，我们选择镝（Dy）作为激活探测器来提高灵敏度，并在其活度和成像板（IP）信号之间建立定量校准关系。针对箔暴露过程中的信号串扰，利用蒙特卡罗模拟构建空间卷积核，然后利用双共轭梯度稳定（Bi-CGSTAB）算法对IP上的剂量沉积进行空间反卷积，从而重建箔上每个像素的实际活动。验证实验证明了显著的改进，偏差超过5%的数据点比例从校正前的60%以上下降到校正后的15%以下。应用于临床BNCT装置，成功获得了距离辐射场边缘150 ~ 550 mm范围内的中子非一次辐射二维（2D）分布。转换最大皮肤吸收剂量率为1.26 × 10−4 Gy/s，位于距离辐射场边缘150mm处，随距离的增加而迅速衰减。本研究实现了临床BNCT装置中二维中子非一次辐射分布的定量测量，为辐射风险的综合评估和防护设计的优化提供技术支持。

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引用次数: 0

Deep learning-based organ dose prediction in pediatric head CT using fully automated tissue segmentation and newly developed voxelized phantoms in GATE/Geant4 simulation toolkit 基于深度学习的儿童头部CT器官剂量预测，使用全自动组织分割和GATE/Geant4模拟工具包中新开发的体素化模型

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107597

H. Sekkat , A. Khallouqi , O. El rhazouani , A. Halimi

This study evaluates the performance of a deep learning model developed to predict organ-specific radiation doses in pediatric head CT scans. The model automates tissue segmentation and voxelization of organs for Monte Carlo (MC) simulations, which provide the ground truth for dose assessment. Using a Python-based framework, the model preprocesses DICOM images, applies HU-based thresholds for tissue classification, and refines segmentation with morphological operations. The segmented tissues, bone, brain matter, eye lens and air + fat, are reconstructed into 3D voxelized volumes, enabling precise dose predictions. A convolutional neural network (CNN) with a pre-trained VGG16 architecture was employed to predict doses based on features extracted from the CT scans and voxelized phantoms. The dataset included 982 pediatric CT scans, with data augmentation techniques applied for model robustness. The model demonstrated high performance in predicting radiation doses, closely matching the MC simulated doses for all organs, with minimal deviations in mean doses and low standard deviations. RRMSE values were low (4.84 % for bone, 6.01 % for brain matter, 8.45 % for air + fat, and 10.59 % for eye lens), indicating high precision. Additionally, the model achieved high R² values, with bone showing the best correlation (0.95). Performance analysis across 15 random allocations revealed that bone consistently exhibited the highest prediction accuracy, with the lowest median RRMSE (7.84 %) and median MAPE (1.2 %). Although variability was higher for brain matter, eye lens, and air + fat, bone demonstrated superior consistency and accuracy. In conclusion, the deep learning model effectively predicts organ-specific radiation doses for pediatric head CT scans, with particularly high accuracy for bone tissue. While the model shows reliable performance across multiple metrics, further optimization is needed for tissues with higher variability, indicating its promising potential in enhancing radiation dose assessment in pediatric CT.

本研究评估了用于预测儿童头部CT扫描中器官特异性辐射剂量的深度学习模型的性能。该模型为蒙特卡罗（MC）模拟自动组织分割和器官体素化，为剂量评估提供了基础真实性。该模型使用基于python的框架对DICOM图像进行预处理，应用基于hu的阈值进行组织分类，并使用形态学操作对分割进行细化。分割的组织，骨，脑物质，眼晶状体和空气+脂肪，被重建成三维体素体积，实现精确的剂量预测。采用预训练VGG16结构的卷积神经网络（CNN）根据CT扫描和体素化幻象提取的特征预测剂量。数据集包括982个儿童CT扫描，数据增强技术应用于模型稳健性。该模型在预测辐射剂量方面表现出很高的性能，与MC模拟的所有器官的辐射剂量密切匹配，平均剂量偏差最小，标准偏差低。RRMSE值较低（骨骼为4.84%，脑物质为6.01%，空气+脂肪为8.45%，晶状体为10.59%），表明精度较高。此外，该模型获得了较高的R2值，与骨的相关性最好（0.95）。15个随机分配的性能分析显示，骨骼始终表现出最高的预测准确性，中位RRMSE（7.84%）和中位MAPE（1.2%）最低。尽管脑物质、眼球晶状体和空气+脂肪的可变性更高，但骨骼表现出更好的一致性和准确性。总之，深度学习模型有效地预测了儿童头部CT扫描的器官特异性辐射剂量，对骨组织的准确性特别高。虽然该模型在多个指标上都表现出可靠的性能，但对于具有较高可变性的组织，还需要进一步优化，这表明该模型在加强儿童CT辐射剂量评估方面具有很大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Application of combined EPR alanine/OSL Al2O3:C dosimetry for neutron and photon dose measurements EPR丙氨酸/OSL Al2O3:C复合剂量法在中子和光子剂量测量中的应用

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107598

A. Romanyukha , J.L. Saunders , J.A. Delzer , A. Smolinski , K. Riley , A. Guynn , A. Tsioplaya , A. Cook

Alanine Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) dosimetry can measure the total (neutron + photon) dose from a neutron source. Commercially available optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeters and readers can accurately measure photon doses. An independent measurement of the photon dose contribution is vital because alanine has a different sensitivity to neutrons and photons when calibrated in terms of tissue kerma from ⁶⁰Co gamma radiation. Therefore, OSL dosimetry can be used to separate neutron and photon dose contributions from the total dose measured by alanine. The Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) research reactor produces varied neutron-photon mixtures, primarily used for radiobiology experiments. Many phantoms at AFRRI are used to measure the accuracy of dose delivery in animal experiments. In the present work, standard and 3D-printed rat phantoms equipped with OSL and alanine dosimeters were used. A special holder capable of securing four alanine pellets and four OSL NanoDot dosimeters was designed and 3D-printed and inserted into the rat phantoms during irradiation. This work was aimed at comparing 3D-printed rat phantoms with the standard PMMA phantom. The results of neutron and photon dose measurements after irradiation in different photon and neutron mixtures are presented. Based on these measurements, the relative neutron sensitivity of alanine was determined to be 0.35 ± 0.11 Gy. Alanine neutron dose measurements were validated using other dosimetry techniques, and further applications of the developed approach are discussed.

丙氨酸电子顺磁共振（EPR）剂量法可以测量中子源的总（中子+光子）剂量。市售的光激发发光（OSL）剂量计和读取器可以精确测量光子剂量。光子剂量贡献的独立测量是至关重要的，因为丙氨酸对中子和光子的灵敏度不同，当根据60Co伽马辐射的组织角度进行校准时。因此，OSL剂量法可以从丙氨酸测量的总剂量中分离出中子和光子的剂量贡献。武装部队放射生物学研究所（AFRRI）研究反应堆产生各种中子-光子混合物，主要用于放射生物学实验。在动物实验中，AFRRI的许多模型被用来测量给药的准确性。本研究采用标准大鼠模型和3d打印大鼠模型，分别配备OSL和丙氨酸剂量计。设计了一个特殊的支架，能够固定四个丙氨酸颗粒和四个OSL纳米点剂量计，并通过3d打印并在照射期间插入大鼠的幻影中。这项工作旨在比较3d打印的大鼠幻影与标准PMMA幻影。介绍了在不同的光子和中子混合物中辐照后的中子和光子剂量测量结果。根据这些测量，确定丙氨酸的相对中子灵敏度为0.35±0.11 Gy。用其他剂量学技术验证了丙氨酸中子剂量测量，并讨论了所开发方法的进一步应用。

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引用次数: 0

Pulsed and time-resolved optically stimulated luminescence of natural minerals – A review 天然矿物的脉冲和时间分辨光激发发光。综述

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107596

Svenja Riedesel , Christina Ankjærgaard

Time-resolved luminescence measurements provide a powerful means of investigating luminescence processes across timescales, ranging from picoseconds to seconds. These measurements are typically enabled by pulsed stimulation, where light pulses of fixed durations are applied to a sample. Luminescence can then be recorded both during and after the pulsed light stimulation, allowing discrimination between stimulation and emission, as well as isolation of luminescence components with different lifetimes.

Quartz and feldspar minerals are the two natural minerals most commonly used in luminescence studies. Time-resolved luminescence of feldspars has been investigated since the early 1990s, while quartz time-resolved signals has come into focus since around 2000. Over the past three decades, the extensive research into time-resolved and pulsed luminescence properties of these two minerals has provided insights into the lifetime of recombination and relaxation processes of various emissions in these minerals. These differences in the luminescence decay of quartz and feldspar offers a practical solution for discriminating their luminescence.

This review is aimed at researchers specialising in the field of luminescence dating, who embark on their first pulsed and time-resolved luminescence journeys. It provides practical information on measurement techniques for conducting time-resolved luminescence measurements and presents an overview of research findings, accumulated over the past 3.5 decades highlighting both the fundamental processes revealed and the applications enabled by these methods.

时间分辨发光测量提供了一种强大的方法来研究从皮秒到秒的时间尺度上的发光过程。这些测量通常是通过脉冲刺激实现的，其中固定持续时间的光脉冲应用于样品。然后可以在脉冲光刺激期间和之后记录发光，允许区分刺激和发射，以及具有不同寿命的发光成分的隔离。石英和长石矿物是发光研究中最常用的两种天然矿物。长石的时间分辨发光自20世纪90年代初开始研究，而石英的时间分辨信号自2000年左右开始成为焦点。在过去的三十年中，对这两种矿物的时间分辨和脉冲发光特性的广泛研究，为这些矿物中各种发射的重组和弛豫过程的寿命提供了见解。石英和长石在发光衰减方面的差异为区分它们的发光提供了一种实用的方法。这篇综述是针对专门从事发光测年领域的研究人员，他们开始了他们的第一次脉冲和时间分辨发光之旅。它提供了有关进行时间分辨发光测量的测量技术的实用信息，并概述了过去35年来积累的研究成果，重点介绍了这些方法所揭示的基本过程和应用。

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引用次数: 0

Absorbed dose rate to water at the surface of 90Sr-90Y medical β applicators using a parallel-plate ionization Chamber: Towards establishing a traceable method for clinical β applicator dosimetry 利用平行板电离室研究90Sr-90Y医用β涂抹器表面对水的吸收剂量率：建立临床β涂抹器剂量测定的可追溯方法

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107590

Feixu Ren , Zhonglin Li , Chuan Wu , Ping Huang , Dongkun Xu , Lijuan Feng , Dan Hao , Qingfeng Tang , Songlin Wen , Yuxuan Zhao , Yue Huo

Accurate determination of absorbed dose rate to water at the surface of ⁹⁰Sr-⁹⁰Y medical β applicators is essential for clinical safety and quality assurance. However, existing methods have inherent limitations: extrapolation chambers are complex and not routinely available in clinical practice, radiochromic films exhibit pronounced energy dependence, and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) show relatively high measurement uncertainty. In this study, we proposed and validated a practical and traceable method for absorbed dose rate to water measurement using a commercially available parallel-plate ionization chamber (PTW34045). The chamber was calibrated using a certified β radiation standard facility in terms of absorbed dose rate to water at the surface, and its performance was evaluated. A high-precision movable platform was developed to vary the source-to-detector distance with 0.1 mm accuracy. The measured values were corrected for calibrations, environmental conditions, and air-to-water dose conversion. A custom fitting function combining a second-order polynomial and an exponential decay term was employed to extrapolate the absorbed dose rate to water at zero distance. The extrapolated absorbed dose rate values were compared with those provided by manufacturers and independently verified using TLDs calibrated with the same β standard facility. The ionization chamber and TLD measurements agreed within 3–6 %, which is consistent with their combined expanded uncertainties of 5.4 % (k = 2) and 8.8 % (k = 2), while in some cases, significant differences were observed when compared with the values used by the hospitals. Furthermore, Monte Carlo simulations were performed to model the chamber response and validate the measured dose–distance relationship. This approach offers a reliable and clinically applicable solution for β applicator dosimetry, with potential for standardization in routine quality control.

90Sr-90Y医用β涂抹器表面对水的吸收剂量率的准确测定对临床安全和质量保证至关重要。然而，现有的方法存在固有的局限性：外推室复杂且在临床实践中不常见，放射致色膜表现出明显的能量依赖性，热释光剂量计（TLDs）显示出相对较高的测量不确定性。在这项研究中，我们提出并验证了一种实用的、可追溯的方法，利用市售的平行板电离室（PTW34045）测量吸收剂量率对水的影响。利用经认证的β辐射标准设备对其表面水吸收剂量率进行了标定，并对其性能进行了评价。开发了一种高精度移动平台，以0.1 mm的精度改变源到探测器的距离。根据校准、环境条件和空气-水剂量转换对测量值进行了校正。采用二阶多项式与指数衰减项相结合的自定义拟合函数，对零距离处的水吸收剂量率进行了外推。将外推的吸收剂量率值与制造商提供的值进行比较，并使用同一β标准设备校准的顶级域名进行独立验证。电离室和TLD测量值在3 - 6%之间一致，这与它们的扩展不确定度的总和5.4% （k = 2）和8.8% （k = 2）一致，而在某些情况下，与医院使用的值相比，观察到显着差异。此外，还进行了蒙特卡罗模拟来模拟腔室的响应，并验证了测量的剂量-距离关系。该方法为β涂抹器剂量测定提供了一种可靠且临床适用的解决方案，具有在常规质量控制中标准化的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

7Be measurements in agricultural soil using a low resolution NaI(Tl) detector 使用低分辨率NaI（Tl）检测器测量农业土壤中的be

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107591

Bruno Winicius Borsoi , Rodrigo Oliveira Bastos , Angelo Zanona Neto , Duvan Gil Rodríguez , João Marcos Fávaro Lopes , Avacir Casanova Andrello , Marcelo Marques Lopes Muller , Cristiano André Pott , Fábio Luiz Melquiades

⁷Be is a cosmogenic radionuclide used in gamma-ray spectrometry to trace short-term sediment movements, such as soil mobilization. Gamma-ray detectors with low resolution cannot distinguish photons with similar energies, making it challenging to detect ⁷Be using these instruments. When ⁷Be decays, it emits gamma rays with an energy of 477 keV, similar to those of other radioisotopes (²²⁸Ac, 462 keV; ²⁰⁸Tl, 511 keV) and of the annihilation effect (511 keV). For this reason, high-resolution detectors, such as HPGe, are typically used, as they can differentiate photons and distinguish the mentioned radionuclides which emit similar energies. However, unlike low-resolution detectors, HPGe detectors are much more expensive than other gamma detectors, both in purchase and maintenance costs. These constraints make the widespread use of ⁷Be measurements for soil erosion studies impractical on a global scale. In this study, we propose a method for analyzing ⁷Be using a low-resolution scintillation detector, specifically a NaI(Tl) detector. The method eliminates the influences on the ⁷Be energy window using reference from other spectral regions. The approach was applied to evaluate soil mobilization in two agricultural plots, one with terraces and the other without terraces. The results of ⁷Be were supported by the measurement of its half-life. Most of the ⁷Be activity in agricultural soil samples was above the minimum detectable activity, allowing an assessment of the spatial distribution of erosion and deposition rates across the landscape. Soil redistribution was quantitatively evaluated, indicating that terraced soil experiences less erosion than nonterraced soil.

be是一种宇宙形成的放射性核素，用于伽马射线能谱法追踪短期沉积物运动，如土壤动员。低分辨率的伽玛射线探测器无法分辨具有相似能量的光子，这使得使用这些仪器探测7Be具有挑战性。当7Be衰变时，它释放出能量为477 keV的伽马射线，类似于其他放射性同位素（228Ac, 462 keV; 208Tl, 511 keV）和湮灭效应（511 keV）。出于这个原因，通常使用高分辨率探测器，如HPGe，因为它们可以区分光子和上述发射相似能量的放射性核素。然而，与低分辨率探测器不同，HPGe探测器在购买和维护成本上都比其他伽马探测器昂贵得多。这些限制使得在全球范围内广泛使用7Be测量来进行土壤侵蚀研究不切实际。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种使用低分辨率闪烁探测器，特别是NaI（Tl）探测器来分析7Be的方法。该方法利用其他光谱区域的参考来消除对7Be能量窗的影响。应用该方法对有梯田和无梯田的两个农业样地进行了土壤动员评价。对7Be的半衰期的测定支持了这一结果。农业土壤样品中的大部分7Be活性都高于最低可探测活性，从而可以评估整个景观中侵蚀和沉积速率的空间分布。土壤再分配定量评价表明，梯田土壤比非梯田土壤遭受更少的侵蚀。

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引用次数: 0

A novel wearable dosimeter system that can analyze the incident direction of X-rays for medical dosimetry – Improvements to the detector arrangements and analysis algorithm – 一种新型可穿戴剂量计系统，可分析用于医疗剂量测定的x射线入射方向-改进探测器布置和分析算法-

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107592

Takashi Asahara , Rina Nishigami , Daiki Kobayashi , Natsumi Kimoto , Sota Goto , Kazuki Takegami , Rin Ishii , Mana Mitani , Mitsugi Honda , Toshihiro Iguchi , Hiroaki Hayashi

When performing real-time dosimetry using an active-type dosimeter during clinical fluoroscopic procedures, angular dependence of dosimeter response should be taken into account. Our research group addressed this issue and proposed a triple-type dosimeter that can determine the incident angle of scattered X-rays. The triple-type detector consists of three active dosimeters. The two side dosimeters have slope filters to enhance the angular dependence and are intentionally tilted. The central dosimeter faces forward. The incident angle of X-rays (

θ_{in}

) is estimated using the signal differences between the central dosimeter and the left and/or right dosimeters. Then, the absolute dose is determined by correcting the angular dependence of the central dosimeter based on the estimated

θ_{in}

. In order to verify the concept of the triple-type dosimeter, we conducted a proof-of-concept experiment using clinical X-ray fluoroscopic equipment. Scattered X-rays were generated by irradiating an elliptical cylindrical water phantom. The response of the triple-type dosimeter was evaluated by rotating it to vary the incident angle of scattered X-rays generated by the water phantom. The proposed dosimetry system could estimate the

θ_{in}

over an angular range of ±80° (with uncertainty of 1.35°), which is 30° wider than the previous version, and successfully determined the absolute doses after correction for the angular dependence of the dosimeter. Although the active-type dosimeter had a systematic uncertainty related to the angular dependence of ±15.2 %, our system succeeded in reducing the systematic uncertainty to ±3.2 %.

在临床透视过程中使用主动型剂量计进行实时剂量测定时，应考虑剂量计响应的角度依赖性。本课题组针对这一问题，提出了一种可以确定散射x射线入射角的三型剂量计。三型探测器由三个有源剂量计组成。两侧剂量计有斜率滤波器，以增强角度依赖性，并有意倾斜。中央剂量计朝前。x射线的入射角（θin）是利用中央剂量计与左和/或右剂量计之间的信号差来估计的。然后，根据估计的θin，通过修正中心剂量计的角依赖性来确定绝对剂量。为了验证三型剂量计的概念，我们使用临床x射线透视设备进行了概念验证实验。散射x射线是通过照射一个椭圆形的圆柱形水模体而产生的。通过旋转三型剂量计以改变水影产生的散射x射线的入射角来评估其响应。所提出的剂量计系统可以在±80°的角度范围内（不确定度为1.35°）估计θin，比以前的版本宽30°，并在校正剂量计的角度依赖性后成功地确定了绝对剂量。虽然有源型剂量计的系统不确定度为±15.2%，但我们的系统成功地将系统不确定度降低到±3.2%。

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引用次数: 0

Cost-effective on-site dose assessment by a combination of radiochromic film and smartphone 采用放射变色膜和智能手机相结合的具有成本效益的现场剂量评估

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107593

Hassna Bantan , Hiroshi Yasuda

To minimize health injuries in mass-casualty nuclear events, personal-level preparedness, including a simple, universal, and cost-effective dosimetry tool, is crucial. In this study, we propose an inexpensive dosimetry system using a radiochromic film, which can immediately detect high-dose radiation exposure by the naked eye, and a portable scanner coupled with a smartphone as a practical tool for radiological emergency preparedness. Small pieces of Gafchromic EBT4 films were irradiated with X-rays (160 kVp, 6.3 mA) at 2.5, 5.0, and 10 Gy (for water) and scanned on an LED light table of a commercially available portable scanner (PictoScanner ApS, Denmark) using four different smartphones: Samsung Galaxy A23 5G SC-56C, Samsung Galaxy Note8, iPhone Xs Max, and iPhone 13 Pro Max. The dose responses of the 8-bit color intensities of the red, green, and blue (RGB) and cyan, magenta, yellow, and black (CMYK) channels were analyzed. Smartphone cameras of the same company exhibited similar response characteristics. Among the seven color channels, the intensity of the cyan channel was the highest and increased with dose. However, the results at 2.5 Gy showed large discrepancies, which could be attributed to the low color intensities. According to the findings, this inexpensive portable dosimetry tool is expected to be effectively applied for on-site emergency dosimetry in relatively high-dose (≥5 Gy) situations. Although this approach requires preparatory actions, such as the pre-distribution of film pieces and the provision of portable scanners, these are practically achievable at a reasonable cost. Further efforts are required to widen the applicable dose range and to develop practical calibration procedures.

为了在大规模伤亡核事件中尽量减少健康伤害，个人层面的准备工作至关重要，包括一种简单、通用和具有成本效益的剂量测定工具。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种廉价的剂量测量系统，该系统使用放射性致色膜，可以通过肉眼立即检测高剂量辐射暴露，并将便携式扫描仪与智能手机相结合，作为放射应急准备的实用工具。使用四种不同的智能手机：三星Galaxy A23 5G SC-56C、三星Galaxy Note8、iPhone Xs Max和iPhone 13 Pro Max，用2.5、5.0和10 Gy（水）的x射线（160 kVp, 6.3 mA）照射Gafchromic EBT4薄膜的小片，并在市售便携式扫描仪（PictoScanner ApS，丹麦）的LED光台上扫描。分析了红、绿、蓝（RGB）通道和青、品红、黄、黑（CMYK）通道8位色彩强度的剂量响应。同一公司的智能手机摄像头也表现出类似的反应特征。在7个颜色通道中，青色通道的强度最高，且随剂量的增加而增加。然而，在2.5 Gy下的结果显示出很大的差异，这可能归因于低颜色强度。根据研究结果，这种廉价的便携式剂量测定工具有望有效应用于相对高剂量（≥5 Gy）情况下的现场应急剂量测定。虽然这种办法需要采取准备行动，例如预先分发胶卷和提供便携式扫描仪，但这些实际上是可以以合理的费用实现的。需要进一步努力扩大适用剂量范围并制定实用的校准程序。

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引用次数: 0

Preparation and characterization of Ce3+-Doped oxyfluoride glass for X-ray scintillation and imaging applications 用于x射线闪烁和成像应用的Ce3+掺杂氟氧玻璃的制备和表征

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107589

Prapon Lertloypanyachai , Tharadol Donjewphrai , Adisak Honok , Weerapong Chewpraditkul , Danping Chen , Piyachat Meejitpaisan , Anon Angnanon , Wuttichai Chaiphaksa , Supakit Yonphan , Jakrapong Kaewkhao

CeF₃-doped oxyfluoride scintillating glasses with the composition 50SiO₂ – 20Al₂O₃ – 10BaF₂ – 10Gd₂O₃ – 10Li₂O (SABGL) were synthesized via the melt-quenching method under a carbon-reducing environment to stabilize Ce³⁺. The optical absorption spectra confirmed the characteristic 4f → 5d transitions of Ce³⁺ and a slight red shift associated with structural modifications at higher CeF₃ contents. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements revealed strong blue emission centered at ∼438 nm, increasing monotonically with CeF₃ concentration up to 1.5 wt%. Excitation spectra showed distinct bands from both Ce³⁺ and Gd³⁺, confirming efficient Gd³⁺ → Ce³⁺ energy transfer. Time-resolved PL decay exhibited tri-exponential behavior, indicating multiple Ce³⁺ environments typical of an amorphous glass host, with the fastest component reflecting efficient radiative relaxation. Under X-ray excitation, all samples produced clear blue radioluminescence, and X-ray imaging of an IC chip demonstrated spatial resolutions of 11.0–11.8 LP/mm, comparable to commercial BGO. Radiation-shielding parameters calculated using WinXCom showed high mass attenuation coefficients and elevated effective atomic numbers (Z_eff ≈ 32–36 at low energies), attributed to the incorporation of Ba, Gd, and Ce. Compared with a Cs₂O-Fe₂O₃-P₂O₅ reference glass, the SABGL system exhibited superior attenuation below ∼0.07 MeV, confirming its suitability for low-energy photon detection and shielding. Overall, the combined scintillation performance, high spatial resolution, and favorable photon-interaction properties demonstrate that CeF₃-doped SABGL glasses, particularly the 1.5 wt% composition is promising, scalable candidates for low-energy X-ray imaging and radiation-shielding applications.

为了稳定Ce3+，在碳还原环境下，采用熔淬法合成了50SiO2 - 20Al2O3 - 10BaF2 - 10Gd2O3 - 10Li2O （SABGL）的cef3掺杂氟氧闪烁玻璃。光学吸收光谱证实了Ce3+的4f→5d跃迁特征，并且在较高的CeF3含量下，结构修饰导致了轻微的红移。光致发光（PL）测量显示，中心为~ 438 nm的强蓝色发射，随着CeF3浓度的增加单调增加，直至1.5 wt%。激发光谱显示Ce3+和Gd3+的不同波段，证实了Gd3+→Ce3+的高效能量转移。时间分辨PL衰变表现出三指数行为，表明非晶玻璃主体的多种Ce3+环境，其中最快的组分反映了有效的辐射弛豫。在x射线激发下，所有样品都产生了清晰的蓝色放射发光，IC芯片的x射线成像显示空间分辨率为11.0-11.8 LP/mm，与商用BGO相当。使用WinXCom计算的辐射屏蔽参数显示，由于Ba、Gd和Ce的掺入，质量衰减系数高，有效原子序数高（低能时Zeff≈32-36）。与cs20 - fe2o3 - p2o5基准玻璃相比，SABGL系统在~ 0.07 MeV以下表现出优越的衰减，证实了其低能光子探测和屏蔽的适用性。总的来说，综合闪烁性能、高空间分辨率和良好的光子相互作用特性表明，掺cef3的SABGL玻璃，特别是1.5 wt%的成分，是低能x射线成像和辐射屏蔽应用的有前途的、可扩展的候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

Geant4 model to estimate the dead layer thickness of the HPGe detector 利用Geant4模型估计HPGe探测器的死层厚度

IF 2.2 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 NUCLEAR SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Radiation Measurements

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.radmeas.2025.107585

Kafa Al-Khasawneh, Yasser Alsenjlawi, Hadeel Abu-Hejleh, Muflih Alkarazneh

A simulation model of a high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector was developed. The detector's parameters were built, and the dead layer thickness was modified according to the result of the measurements of full peak detection efficiency to reach an agreement of better than 5 %. The validation of the Geant4 model was performed using both a point-like source and an extended volumetric source. The validation process shows that the developed Geant4 model is valid for full peak detection efficiency and for performing any additional geometrical and coincidence corrections.

建立了高纯锗（HPGe）探测器的仿真模型。建立了探测器的参数，并根据全峰检测效率的测量结果对死层厚度进行了修正，达到了优于5%的一致性。使用点状源和扩展的体积源对Geant4模型进行验证。验证过程表明，开发的Geant4模型对于峰值检测效率和执行任何额外的几何和符合校正是有效的。

引用次数: 0