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MIXED MODELS FOR NUTRIENTS PREDICTION IN SPECIES OF THE BRAZILIAN CAATINGA BIOME 巴西caatinga生物群系物种营养预测的混合模型
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000012
J. C. D. Abreu, José Antônio Aleixo da Silva, R. Ferreira, S. J. S. S. D. Rocha, Ivaldo da Silva Tavares Júnior, A. A. Farias, Paulo Henrique Villanova, Aguida Beatriz Travaglia Viana, B. Schettini, L. A. A. Telles, Arthur Araújo Silva
ABSTRACT Nutrient prediction models applied to tree species from Brazilian Caatinga can be a crucial tool in understanding this biome. The study aimed to fit a mixed model to predict nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) content in tree species native to the Caatinga biome located in Floresta municipality, Pernambuco State – PE, Brazil. The following species were considered the area’s most important and evaluated in the present study: Poincianella bracteosa (Tul.) L.P.Queiroz, Mimosa ophtalmocentra Mart. ex Benth, Aspidosperma pyrifolium Mart, Cnidoscolus quercifolius (Mull. Arg.) Pax. & Hoffm, and Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.) Altschul. Four trees, representing the average circumference in each diameter class, were harvested for NPK quantification. The Spurr model was evaluated for NPK prediction, and species inclusion as a random effect was significant (p > 0.05) in all models. The Spurr model with fixed and random effects presented better statistics than fixed-effect models in all parameters for all nutrients. Generated NPK predicting equations can be a handy tool to understand the impact of wood extraction over Caatinga’s biogeochemical cycles and guide forest management strategies in semi-arid regions of the world.
应用于巴西Caatinga树种的营养预测模型可以成为了解该生物群系的重要工具。该研究旨在拟合一个混合模型来预测位于巴西伯南布哥州弗洛雷斯塔市Caatinga生物群落的原生树种的氮(N)、磷(P)和钾(K)含量。以下物种被认为是该地区最重要的,并在本研究中进行了评估:Poincianella bracteosa (Tul。l.p.k eiroz,含羞草眼科中心。前底,梨叶穗轴,槲皮穗轴。参数)。Pax。& Hoffm, and Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Griseb.)Altschul。取4棵树,代表每个直径级的平均周长,进行氮磷钾量化。对spr模型进行了NPK预测,所有模型中物种包含作为随机效应显著(p > 0.05)。具有固定效应和随机效应的Spurr模型在所有营养物质的所有参数上都比固定效应模型具有更好的统计性。生成的NPK预测方程可以作为一个方便的工具来了解木材开采对Caatinga生物地球化学循环的影响,并指导世界半干旱地区的森林管理策略。
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引用次数: 0
EMERGENCE, INITIAL GROWTH, AND SEEDLING QUALITY OF Eremanthus incanus: SUBSIDIES FOR GENETIC BREEDING AND CONSERVATION 鸢尾的出苗、初期生长和幼苗质量:对遗传育种和保护的补贴
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000013
Luiz Filipe Maravilha, M. Titon, D. Mucida, N. A. Miranda, J.S.C. Fernandes, Janaína Fernandes Gonçalves, Vitória de Souza Canguçu
ABSTRACT So far, the commercial production of Eremanthus incanus seedlings has been performed with seeds without any genetic control. Thus, we propose two experiments to examine seed-trees' effect on their descendants via the seminal in the nursery phase and verify the correlation between the variables. We installed the first experiment in a greenhouse and evaluated seedling emergence weekly for 42 days. At the exit of the greenhouse, at 60 days, we estimated survival. We conducted the second experiment in a shade house and, later, in full sun. We evaluated seedlings' height, diameter, and survival at 90, 120, 150, and 180 days after sowing. At 180 days, we quantified shoot, root, and total dry matter weight and calculated the Dickson Quality Index (DQI). The effects of E. incanus seed-trees on their descendants via the seminal were significant for emergence, growth characteristics, and seedling quality. The seedling survival rate at the greenhouse exit was high for all seed-trees, ranging from 72.2% to 97.2%. All seed-trees showed greater biomass allocation in the shoots of the seedlings, with this proportion being more pronounced in some of them. Although not significant, the correlation estimates between the emergence rate and the other traits were all positive. The correlations between height, diameter, dry mass, and DQI were significant and positive, from moderate to high magnitude. Due to its nondestructive nature, the diameter can be considered the most suitable practical indicator to evaluate the quality of E. incanus seedlings. Our results substantially contribute to implementing more effective conservation and breeding strategies, helping to understand the behavior of E. incanus in Campos Rupestres environments regarding seedling production and recovery of ecosystem services.
摘要到目前为止,鸢尾幼苗的商业化生产都是在没有任何遗传控制的情况下进行的。因此,我们提出了两个实验来检验种子树在苗期通过种子对后代的影响,并验证变量之间的相关性。我们在温室中进行了第一次试验,每周评估出苗情况,持续42天。在温室的出口处,我们估计了60天的存活率。我们在阴凉的房子里进行了第二次实验,后来又在阳光充足的地方进行了第二次实验。我们分别在播种后90、120、150和180天对幼苗的高度、直径和存活率进行了评估。在180 d时,我们量化了茎部、根和总干物质重,并计算了Dickson质量指数(DQI)。白桦种子树通过种子对其后代的出苗率、生长特性和幼苗质量有显著影响。所有种子树在温室出口的幼苗成活率均较高,为72.2% ~ 97.2%。所有的种子树都表现出更大的生物量分配在幼苗的茎部,其中一些种子树的生物量分配比例更明显。羽化率与其他性状的相关值均为正相关,但均不显著。高度、直径、干质量与DQI呈显著正相关,从中量级到高量级。由于其非破坏性,直径可被认为是评价白桦幼苗质量最合适的实用指标。我们的研究结果有助于实施更有效的保护和繁殖策略,有助于了解在Campos Rupestres环境中白桦的幼苗生产和生态系统服务恢复行为。
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引用次数: 0
VEGETATIVE RESCUE AND PROPAGATION OF NATIVE Ilex paraguariensis POPULATIONS IN SANTA CATARINA STATE, BRAZIL 巴西圣卡塔琳娜州巴拉圭冬青原生种群的营养抢救与繁殖
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000010
Bruno Nascimento, Alexandra Cristina Schatz Sá, Bruno Jan Schramm Corrêa, Thalia Schilisting, Mariane de Oliveira Pereira, M. Navroski, A. Mantovani
ABSTRACT When producing Ilex paraguariensis seedlings through vegetative propagation, selecting the correct populations and genotypes, and obtaining juvenile material, may be fundamental for its success. Therefore, this search aimed to test its vegetative propagation through cutting and rescue using detached branches of different populations in Santa Catarina state, Brazil. Thus, two experiments were installed in September 2019 in order to test: I) the cuttings of four populations belonging to the municipalities of Catanduvas (CT), Painel (PL), Três Barras (TB), and Urupema (UR), using ten randomly chosen genotypes from each, and; II) the epicormic sprouting of detached branches from these same populations. Both experiments were carried out in Lages, Santa Catarina. In February 2020, the cutting was evaluated according to the percentages of survival, callus, rooting, new sprouts, and original leaves permanence. The branches were evaluated every 30 days after storing, observing the percentages of sprouting branches, number of sprouts, and length of sprouts in centimeters. As for cutting, there was a low survival percentage in all populations (<15%), but some genotypes presented greater vigor, such as TB1 (46%), TB7, and TB3 (both 28%). Most live cuttings presented calluses (>70%), characteristic of material of high maturity. Rooting was low for populations (<1.5%) and genotypes (<10%). Branches presented sprouts up to 60 days, with TB presenting the highest total number of sprouts (approximately 300) and the greatest average length (2.8 cm). In general, survival and rooting of cuttings were affected by both populations and genotypes, highlighting TB. A similar response was observed for the branches’ sprouting. New studies with more populations, further analyses of the branches’ characteristics, and better storage conditions are recommended.
摘要巴拉圭冬青无性繁殖育苗时,选择正确的群体和基因型以及获得幼苗材料可能是其成功的基础。因此,本次研究旨在通过对巴西圣卡塔琳娜州不同种群的分离枝的切割和抢救来测试其无性繁殖。因此,2019年9月进行了两项实验,以测试:1)从卡坦杜瓦斯(CT)、帕内尔(PL)、Três巴拉斯(TB)和乌鲁佩马(UR)四个城市的四个种群中抽取10个随机选择的基因型;II)来自这些相同种群的分离枝的外生芽。这两项实验都是在圣卡塔琳娜州的拉格斯进行的。2020年2月,根据成活率、愈伤组织、生根率、新芽率和原叶持久性对扦插进行评价。贮藏后每隔30天对枝条进行评价,观察枝条出芽百分率、芽数、芽长(厘米)。在扦插方面,各种群成活率均较低(70%),主要表现为材料成熟度高。群体和基因型的生根率均较低(<1.5%)。枝条长芽60天,结核分枝长芽总数最多(约300个),平均长度最大(2.8厘米)。一般来说,插穗的存活和生根受到种群和基因型的影响,特别是结核病。在树枝发芽的过程中也观察到类似的反应。建议进行更多种群的新研究,进一步分析分支特征,以及更好的储存条件。
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引用次数: 0
EFFECT OF pH ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF WOOD VINEGAR (PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT) FROM EUCALYPTUS pH值对桉树木醋(鹿蹄草提取物)抑菌抑菌活性的影响
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-07 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000011
G. S. P. Gama, A. Pimenta, F. Feijó, C. S. Santos, R. Castro, T. Azevêdo, L. C. Medeiros
ABSTRACT The study aimed to assess the effect of progressive neutralization on the antimicrobial properties against bacteria and yeasts of wood vinegar obtained from the pyrolysis of Eucalyptus urograndis (clone I144) wood. Wood samples were carbonized at a heating rate of 0.9 °C min-1 until a final temperature of 450 °C, totalizing 8 hours of carbonization. The raw pyrolysis liquids were left to settle, and the aqueous fraction was separated. Then, the aqueous fraction (raw wood vinegar - WV) was purified to yield the WV. WV samples were collected and neutralized from pH 2.5 until 7.5 (2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, and 7.5, by adding NaOH solution. Through the broth microdilution method, the antimicrobial effect of the neutralized samples at each pH was assessed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Salmonella enteritidis (ATCC 13076), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Streptococcus agalactiae (CEPA CLINICA), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (and fungicidal) concentrations were determined through in vitro technics. Results were subjected to logarithmic regression analysis, and statistical models were fitted for each microorganism in the assessed pH range; as pH increased, a progressive decrease in the CIM increased, demanding higher concentrations of WV to inhibit microbial growth. The more resistant strains were S. aureus and S. agalactiae, which required an increase in WV concentration from a minimum of 6.25% at pH 2.5 to reaching 50% at pH 6.0. When at pH 7.0, both strains were not inhibited even at 50% (the highest concentration evaluated in the study). In contrast, C. albicans proved to be the most sensitive strain, starting from 3.12% EP at pH 2.5 and requiring only 25% for inhibition at pH 7.0. The behavior of P. aeruginosa and S. enteritidis followed the pattern of C. albicans, differing only at pH 7.0, where they required 50% of EP. As observed, even at neutral and slightly alkaline pH, the inhibitory activity of EP on microbial growth was maintained to some extent. Nevertheless, even when neutral and slightly alkaline pH values are reached, the inhibitory activity remains at a certain level. Higher pH values of the WV were associated with lower antimicrobial activity. However, its activity remained even at neutral and slightly alkaline pH values.
摘要本研究旨在研究渐进式中和对桉木(无性系I144)木材热解所得木醋抑菌抑菌性能的影响。木材样品以0.9°C min-1的升温速率碳化,直至最终温度为450°C,共碳化8小时。生热解液沉淀,分离水相馏分。然后,对水馏分(生木醋- WV)进行纯化,得到WV。收集WV样品,加入NaOH溶液,将pH从2.5中和至7.5(2.5、3.0、3.5、4.0、4.5、5.0、5.5、6.0、6.5、7.0和7.5)。通过肉汤微量稀释法,评价各pH下中和后的样品对铜绿假单胞菌(ATCC 27853)、肠炎沙门氏菌(ATCC 13076)、金黄色葡萄球菌(ATCC 25923)、无乳链球菌(CEPA CLINICA)和白色念珠菌(ATCC 10231)的抑菌效果。通过体外法测定其最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌(和杀真菌)浓度。结果进行对数回归分析,并对评估pH范围内的每个微生物拟合统计模型;随着pH的增加,CIM的逐渐减少增加,需要更高浓度的WV来抑制微生物的生长。耐药较强的菌株是金黄色葡萄球菌和无乳葡萄球菌,它们需要将WV浓度从pH 2.5时的最低6.25%增加到pH 6.0时的50%。当pH为7.0时,即使在50%(研究中评估的最高浓度),这两种菌株也没有被抑制。相比之下,白色念珠菌被证明是最敏感的菌株,在pH 2.5时从3.12%的EP开始,在pH 7.0时只需要25%的抑制。铜绿假单胞菌和肠炎链球菌的行为遵循白色假单胞菌的模式,仅在pH 7.0时不同,在pH 7.0时它们需要50%的EP。结果表明,即使在中性和微碱性条件下,EP对微生物生长的抑制活性仍能保持一定程度的抑制作用。然而,即使达到中性和微碱性pH值,抑制活性仍保持在一定水平。WV的pH值越高,其抗菌活性越低。然而,即使在中性和微碱性pH值下,其活性仍保持不变。
{"title":"EFFECT OF pH ON THE ANTIBACTERIAL AND ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF WOOD VINEGAR (PYROLIGNEOUS EXTRACT) FROM EUCALYPTUS","authors":"G. S. P. Gama, A. Pimenta, F. Feijó, C. S. Santos, R. Castro, T. Azevêdo, L. C. Medeiros","doi":"10.1590/1806-908820230000011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study aimed to assess the effect of progressive neutralization on the antimicrobial properties against bacteria and yeasts of wood vinegar obtained from the pyrolysis of Eucalyptus urograndis (clone I144) wood. Wood samples were carbonized at a heating rate of 0.9 °C min-1 until a final temperature of 450 °C, totalizing 8 hours of carbonization. The raw pyrolysis liquids were left to settle, and the aqueous fraction was separated. Then, the aqueous fraction (raw wood vinegar - WV) was purified to yield the WV. WV samples were collected and neutralized from pH 2.5 until 7.5 (2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 4.5, 5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5, 7.0, and 7.5, by adding NaOH solution. Through the broth microdilution method, the antimicrobial effect of the neutralized samples at each pH was assessed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Salmonella enteritidis (ATCC 13076), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923), Streptococcus agalactiae (CEPA CLINICA), and Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (and fungicidal) concentrations were determined through in vitro technics. Results were subjected to logarithmic regression analysis, and statistical models were fitted for each microorganism in the assessed pH range; as pH increased, a progressive decrease in the CIM increased, demanding higher concentrations of WV to inhibit microbial growth. The more resistant strains were S. aureus and S. agalactiae, which required an increase in WV concentration from a minimum of 6.25% at pH 2.5 to reaching 50% at pH 6.0. When at pH 7.0, both strains were not inhibited even at 50% (the highest concentration evaluated in the study). In contrast, C. albicans proved to be the most sensitive strain, starting from 3.12% EP at pH 2.5 and requiring only 25% for inhibition at pH 7.0. The behavior of P. aeruginosa and S. enteritidis followed the pattern of C. albicans, differing only at pH 7.0, where they required 50% of EP. As observed, even at neutral and slightly alkaline pH, the inhibitory activity of EP on microbial growth was maintained to some extent. Nevertheless, even when neutral and slightly alkaline pH values are reached, the inhibitory activity remains at a certain level. Higher pH values of the WV were associated with lower antimicrobial activity. However, its activity remained even at neutral and slightly alkaline pH values.","PeriodicalId":21214,"journal":{"name":"Revista Arvore","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67139866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY IN THE PROCESSING WOOD OPERATION FOR ENERGY 木材能源加工作业的生产率和质量
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000009
Eloise Prates, E. S. Lopes, C. K. Rodrigues, M. K. C. Silva, D. A. Silva
ABSTRACT Optimizing resources is essential for the excellence and competitiveness of a forestry company. In this context, this study evaluated the productivity and quality of eucalyptus wood processing for energy purposes. The study was conducted in a forestry company in Paraná State in stands of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis and Eucalyptus saligna clones named stands 1 and 2, respectively, with an age of 7 years old. The trees were processed with a harvester and included the following four stem diameter limits for pulp production and co-products for energy purposes: 8, 10, 12, and 14 cm; and pulp logs with a length of 7.20 m. The technical analysis of the operation determined the average operating cycle times, utilization rate and machine productivity. In addition, a quality analysis determined the stem diameter limits for production of the co-products and the lengths of the pulp logs; the limit diameters were compared by the Tukey’s test, and the stands by the Student’s t-test (α ≤ 0.05). The results showed that the processing time decreased with increasing limit diameter, with the highest values being in stand 1 due to the higher number of branches and forked trees. The processing logs at 10 cm limit diameter provided higher harvester productivity, with 59.5 m³ PMH-¹ and 62.2 m³ PMH-¹ in stands 1 and 2, respectively. Furthermore, the best quality in the limit diameter measurement was obtained at 10 cm. Thus, the effects of forest stand and limit diameters on processing and operation quality were evident.
资源优化是林业企业实现卓越和竞争力的关键。在此背景下,本研究评估了用于能源目的的桉树木材加工的生产力和质量。本研究在帕南州某林业公司的尾叶桉×大桉和盐柳桉无性系林分进行,林分分别命名为林分1和林分2,树龄为7岁。这些树是用一台收割机处理的,包括以下四种用于纸浆生产和能源副产品的茎直径限制:8、10、12和14厘米;长7.20 m的纸浆原木。通过对操作的技术分析,确定了平均操作周期次数、利用率和机器生产率。此外,质量分析确定了副产物生产的管材直径限制和纸浆测井长度;极限直径比较采用Tukey检验,采用Student’s t检验(α≤0.05)。结果表明:处理时间随着极限直径的增大而减小,其中1号林分枝条和分枝数量较多,处理时间最大;10 cm极限直径的加工原木提供了更高的收获效率,1号和2号展台分别为59.5 m³PMH-¹和62.2 m³PMH-¹。在10 cm处的极限直径测量质量最好。因此,林分和极限直径对加工和经营质量的影响是明显的。
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引用次数: 0
CHARACTERISTIC STRENGTHS IN THE COMPRESSION AND IN THE STATIC BENDING AS PARAMETERS TO ESTIMATE CHARACTERISTIC SHEAR STRENGTH FOR TIMBER DESIGN 在压缩和静态弯曲中的特征强度作为参数估计木材设计的特征抗剪强度
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-26 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000008
J. Almeida, A. R. V. Wolenski, E. Rodrigues, V. Araujo, T. Panzera, C. Campos, J. C. Molina, A. Christoforo, F. Lahr
ABSTRACT To simplify the characterization of wood species, the Brazilian standard document ABNT NBR 7190-1 (2022) establishes the determination of mechanical properties employing the characteristic strength in the compression parallel to grain (fc0,k). This mechanical property is estimated using the linear relation given by the following expression fv0,k = 0.12·fc0,k Brazilian and European standard documents support the estimation of fv0,k using relations among properties. However, the European guidelines in the EN 384 (2019) have used the conventional characteristic strength in the static bending test (fM,k). Thus, this study aimed to investigate the efficiency of the ratio fv0,k = 0.12·fc0,k for adopting 30 hardwoods. The variance analysis results demonstrate the divergence among the experimental outcomes and those values estimated using the relation cited. Therefore, regression models at two parameters were considered to obtain more accurate estimates of fv0,k by adopting fc0,k, and fM,k as independent variables. Regarding the results, the geometric (R² = 80.80%) and linear (R² = 74.19%) models were the most accurate for the estimates of fv0,k in terms of fc0,k, and fM,k, respectively. This fact evinces the good accuracy of the models under consideration, which may provide a more rigorous structural design compared to the correlation currently prescribed by the ABNT NBR 7190-1 (2022).
为了简化木材种类的表征,巴西标准文件ABNT NBR 7190-1(2022)建立了利用平行于颗粒的压缩特征强度(f0,k)来测定机械性能的方法。该力学性能的估计使用线性关系给出如下表达式fv0,k = 0.12·f0,k,巴西和欧洲的标准文件支持fv0,k的估计使用性能之间的关系。然而,EN 384(2019)中的欧洲指南在静态弯曲试验中使用了传统的特征强度(fM,k)。因此,本研究旨在探讨比值fv0,k = 0.12·ff0,k对30种硬木采伐的效率。方差分析结果表明,实验结果与使用引用关系估计的值之间存在差异。因此,考虑两个参数下的回归模型,以f0,k和fM,k为自变量,获得更准确的fv0,k的估计。结果表明,几何模型(R²= 80.80%)和线性模型(R²= 74.19%)分别对f0,k和f0,k的估计最准确。这一事实证明所考虑的模型具有良好的准确性,与ABNT NBR 7190-1(2022)目前规定的相关性相比,它可以提供更严格的结构设计。
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引用次数: 0
SELECTION OF Handroanthus impetiginosus MOTHER TREES TO SUPPORT SEED COLLECTION AREAS 为支持种子采集区而选择的刺手花母树
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000006
Jéssica Maia Alves Pimenta, Wendy Mattos Andrade Teixeira de Souza, C. S. Ferrari, F. A. Vieira, C. Fajardo, M. V. Pacheco
ABSTRACT Handroanthus impetiginosus is a Brazilian native tree threatened by illegal logging that needs conservation strategies. Due to the need to obtain seeds of high genetic and physiological quality, this study aimed to select mother trees, aiming at the installation of Seed Collection Areas of H. impetiginosus. Therefore, the genetic diversity and physiological quality of seeds from 63 individuals of a natural population of H. impetiginosus in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, were evaluated. The molecular markers revealed that the studied population has high intrapopulation genetic diversity (Nei’s genetic diversity = 0.35; and Shannon index = 0.52). Subsequently, germination and seed vigor tests evaluated the physiological quality of seeds from 63 trees. Of this total, 45 individuals produced seeds of high and intermediate physiological quality. Therefore, individuals with a Nei’s genetic distance < 0.72 and germination greater than 50% can be selected as mother trees, and the population has the potential to propose a Seed Collection Area.
摘要:由于非法采伐的威胁,巴西原生树Handroanthus impetiginosus急需保护。由于需要获得高遗传和生理质量的种子,本研究旨在选择母树,旨在建立刺蒺藜种子收集区。为此,对巴西北部里约热内卢Grande do Norte一个天然种群63个个体的种子遗传多样性和生理品质进行了评价。分子标记表明,研究群体具有较高的群体内遗传多样性(Nei’s遗传多样性= 0.35;Shannon指数= 0.52)。随后,通过发芽和种子活力试验对63棵树种子的生理品质进行了评价。其中45个个体产生了高、中等生理品质的种子。因此,可以选择Nei’s遗传距离< 0.72且发芽率大于50%的个体作为母树,种群具有建立种子收集区的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
DEGREE OF INFESTATION AND PREFERENCES OF HEMIPARASITES IN URBAN ARBORIZATION 城市绿化中半寄生虫的侵害程度及偏好
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-08 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000007
Theonizi Angélica Silva Albuês, Daiane de Moura Borges Maria, João Paulo Sardo Madi, S. Caldeira, Kamila Daiany Terres da Silva
ABSTRACT Mistletoe is an important nutritional resource for the frugivorous ornithological fauna in several ecosystems. However, in great intensity, they can reduce the vigor of their host trees, requiring adequate management in urban afforestation, without depleting this source of food for birds. The hypothesis that there are hemiparasites with host specificity was the reason for this study. Thus, a floristic census of the trees was carried out at UFMT, campus Cuiabá; the infestation by genus of hemiparasite present was recorded, in quantity and degree of infestation, in addition to the quantification of seeds of the hemiparasite germinated without the development of the vegetative part, whose cotyledons necrotized and died. A total of 4265 tree individuals were evaluated, distributed in 46 families, in which 16,52% were identified of the genera Phoradendron, Psittacanthus, and Struthanthus, of which about 90,0% were Psittacanthus. The highest infestation occurred in 24 families, highlighting Fabaceae (28,3%) and Combretaceae (25,6%), and the species Terminalia catappa, Anadenanthera peregrina, and Vatairea macrocarpa. The presence of germinated seeds of the hemiparasite with dead cotyledons varies between tree species and between individuals of the same species. The highlight was in Rutaceae, Arecaceae, and Rubiaceae, and in the species Acrocomia aculeata, Caryocar villosum, and Genipa americana L. that present individuals with natural control potential, even with the presence of frugivorous ornithological fauna and the dispersion of the hemiparasite. In general, the intensity and degree of infestation are low, and there is no infestation in the Caryocaceae, Rutaceae, and Rubiaceae families, highlighting the species Caryocar villosum, Murraya paniculata and Alibertia edulis.
槲寄生是许多生态系统中食性鸟类动物群的重要营养来源。然而,在强度很大的情况下,它们会降低寄主树木的活力,这需要在城市造林中进行适当的管理,而不会耗尽鸟类的食物来源。假设存在具有宿主特异性的半寄生虫是本研究的原因。因此,在福建农林大学,校园cuiab进行了树木的植物区系普查;记录了各属半寄生虫侵染的数量和程度,并定量了半寄生虫种子萌发时营养部分未发育,子叶坏死死亡的情况。共鉴定树株4265株,分布于46科,其中Phoradendron、Psittacanthus和Struthanthus属占16.52%,其中Psittacanthus属占90.5%。侵染率最高的有24科,以豆科(28.3%)、combretacae科(25.6%)、Terminalia catappa、Anadenanthera peregrina和Vatairea macrocarpa居多。带有死亡子叶的半寄生虫的发芽种子在不同树种和同一树种的个体之间存在差异。重点是芦花科、槟榔科和芦花科,以及Acrocomia acleata、Caryocar villosum和Genipa americana L.,这些物种具有自然控制潜力,即使存在食果鸟类动物群和半寄生虫的分散。总体而言,侵害强度和程度较低,石竹科、芦笋科和茜草科均未发生侵害,以石竹科(Caryocar villosum)、paniculata和Alibertia edulis较为突出。
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引用次数: 0
BASIC WOOD DENSITY, FIBER DIMENSIONS, AND WOOD CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF FOUR Eucalyptus SPECIES PLANTED IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL 巴西南部种植的四种桉树的基本木材密度、纤维尺寸和木材化学成分
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000004
E. A. Bonfatti Júnior, E. C. Lengowski, Bruna Mulinari Cabral, Thiago Wendling Gonçalves de Oliveira, Jeinna Michelly Rodrigues de Barros, Rudson Silva Oliveira, A. S. D. Andrade, U. Klock, D. A. Silva
ABSTRACT In the Brazilian planted forest sector, most of the species used are from the genus Eucalyptus. Even though Southern Brazil has a suitable climate for species of the genus Pinus, the planting of frost-resistant Eucalyptus species has been increasing annually. The objective of this study was to evaluate the basic density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunnii, Eucalyptus saligna, and Eucalyptus cloeziana woods. The trees used were from a six-year-old experimental plantation located in Canoinhas, state of Santa Catarina. For each species, three trees were selected, and discs were removed from each tree at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of the commercial stem height. To evaluate the quality of the wood, the basic wood density, fiber dimensions, and chemical composition of the wood were determined by comparing the values between species and between the heights in the stem. The highest basic density was that of the wood of E. cloeziana; this species also had the greatest length and width of fibers. E. dunnii had the lowest levels of lignin and the highest levels of holocellulose. The highest lignin content was found in the wood of E. benthamii, E. saligna, and E. cloeziana. The relationship between wood properties and stem height was not relevant. The results highlight the tendency for higher extractives to be found at taller heights (100%), and holocellulose and lignin content are similar at all heights.
在巴西的人工林部门,大多数使用的物种都来自桉树属。尽管巴西南部的气候适合松属的物种生长,但抗冻桉树的种植每年都在增加。摘要本研究的目的是评价benthamii桉树、dunnii桉树、saligna桉树和cloeziana桉树的基本密度、纤维尺寸和化学成分。所使用的树木来自圣卡塔琳娜州卡诺尼亚斯一个有六年历史的实验种植园。每个树种选择3棵树,分别在商品茎高的0%、25%、50%、75%和100%处取瓣。为了评价木材的质量,通过比较树种之间和茎高之间的值来确定木材的基本密度、纤维尺寸和化学成分。木的基本密度最高;该种纤维的长度和宽度也最大。dunnii的木质素含量最低,而全纤维素含量最高。木素含量最高的是benthamii木、saligna木和cloeziana木。木材性能与茎高之间的关系不相关。结果表明,在海拔越高的地方,总纤维素和木质素的含量越高(100%),且在所有海拔高度上,总纤维素和木质素的含量相似。
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引用次数: 1
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN AVIAN DIVERSITY AND AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE HETEROGENEITY 鸟类多样性与农业景观异质性的关系
IF 0.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-02-17 DOI: 10.1590/1806-908820230000005
Şengül Aksan
ABSTRACT Studies on birds and their habitats are usually conducted in natural areas (protected areas, forests, wetlands, etc.). In this study, the relationship between agricultural landscape diversity and the species diversity of birds was investigated in an agricultural zone surrounded by natural and forested areas. Observations were carried out in 60 sample grid squares. Presence/absence data for birds and cultivated plants at each sample site were recorded. The Shannon-Wiener diversity index for bird species and landscape metrics for agricultural areas were used in the sample site. A multiple linear regression analysis was performed to explain the correlation between agricultural landscape diversity and bird species diversity. According to the results, the area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI) and the number of patches (NP) were found to be particularly effective at predicting bird species diversity (R2 = 0.66). In addition, as the patch number and patch shape ratio increased in a sample area, the diversity of bird species (R = 0.83) expanded. It can be concluded that agricultural zones consisting of small, different patches are rich areas for bird species diversity. Bird species diversity is lessened in agricultural areas with uniform or similar landscape structures consisting of large patches. If the NP in the area is high, but not distributed in a mosaic pattern, then the diversity of bird species is considered weak. Despite the increasing NP and patch types, bird species diversity declines if there is intense human activity in the area.
对鸟类及其栖息地的研究通常在自然区域(保护区、森林、湿地等)进行。在自然和森林环抱的农业区,研究了农业景观多样性与鸟类物种多样性的关系。在60个样本方格中进行了观察。记录了每个样点鸟类和栽培植物的存在/缺失数据。在样地采用鸟类Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和农区景观指数。采用多元线性回归分析解释了农业景观多样性与鸟类物种多样性之间的相关性。结果表明,面积加权平均形状指数(AWMSI)和斑块数(NP)在预测鸟类物种多样性方面效果显著(R2 = 0.66)。此外,随着样区斑块数量和斑块形状比的增加,鸟类物种多样性呈扩大趋势(R = 0.83)。由不同小块组成的农业区是鸟类物种多样性丰富的地区。在具有均匀或相似景观结构的大斑块农业区,鸟类物种多样性减少。如果该地区的NP值较高,但不呈马赛克分布,则认为该地区鸟类多样性较弱。尽管NP和斑块类型增加,但如果人类活动强烈,鸟类物种多样性会下降。
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引用次数: 1
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Revista Arvore
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