M. Turowski, M. Jupé, T. Melzig, A. Pflug, D. Ristau
A multiple scale model approach is presented in order to investigate Al2O3 thin film growth in the framework of an existing Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS) coating process. Therefore, several simulation techniques are combined via optimized interfaces for realizing the concept of a virtual coater. Characteristic coating process parameters of the IBS coating plant are applied as input parameters to model the material transport in the chamber, the energy and angular distribution of the coating material at the substrate, the formation of structural thin film properties, and the optical as well as the electronic layer properties. The resulting thin film properties are validated to the data of an experimental IBS Al2O3 single layer prepared applying the underlying coating facility. The comparison accounts for a good agreement between the modeled layer properties using the virtual coater concept and the experimental characterization data.
{"title":"Multiple scale modeling of Al2O3 thin film growth in an ion beam sputtering process","authors":"M. Turowski, M. Jupé, T. Melzig, A. Pflug, D. Ristau","doi":"10.1117/12.2191049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191049","url":null,"abstract":"A multiple scale model approach is presented in order to investigate Al2O3 thin film growth in the framework of an existing Ion Beam Sputtering (IBS) coating process. Therefore, several simulation techniques are combined via optimized interfaces for realizing the concept of a virtual coater. Characteristic coating process parameters of the IBS coating plant are applied as input parameters to model the material transport in the chamber, the energy and angular distribution of the coating material at the substrate, the formation of structural thin film properties, and the optical as well as the electronic layer properties. The resulting thin film properties are validated to the data of an experimental IBS Al2O3 single layer prepared applying the underlying coating facility. The comparison accounts for a good agreement between the modeled layer properties using the virtual coater concept and the experimental characterization data.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116172523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Vogel, P. Wartenberg, B. Richter, Stephan Brenner, Judith Baumgarten, M. Thomschke, K. Fehse, O. Hild
Near-to-eye (NTE) projection is the major approach to "Smart Glasses", which have gained lot of traction during the last few years. Micro-displays based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieve high optical performance with excellent contrast ratio and large dynamic range at low power consumption, making them suitable for such application. In state-of-the-art applications the micro-display typically acts as a purely unidirectional output device. With the integration of an additional image sensor, the functionality of the micro-display can be extended to a bidirectional optical input/output device, aiming for implementation of eye-tracking capabilities in see-through (ST-)NTE applications to achieve gaze-based human-display-interaction. This paper describes a new bi-directional OLED microdisplay featuring SVGA resolution for both image display and acquisition, and its implementation with see-through NTE optics.
{"title":"Near-to-eye displays with embedded eye-tracking by bi-directional OLED microdisplay","authors":"U. Vogel, P. Wartenberg, B. Richter, Stephan Brenner, Judith Baumgarten, M. Thomschke, K. Fehse, O. Hild","doi":"10.1117/12.2206168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2206168","url":null,"abstract":"Near-to-eye (NTE) projection is the major approach to \"Smart Glasses\", which have gained lot of traction during the last few years. Micro-displays based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) achieve high optical performance with excellent contrast ratio and large dynamic range at low power consumption, making them suitable for such application. In state-of-the-art applications the micro-display typically acts as a purely unidirectional output device. With the integration of an additional image sensor, the functionality of the micro-display can be extended to a bidirectional optical input/output device, aiming for implementation of eye-tracking capabilities in see-through (ST-)NTE applications to achieve gaze-based human-display-interaction. This paper describes a new bi-directional OLED microdisplay featuring SVGA resolution for both image display and acquisition, and its implementation with see-through NTE optics.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125087548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study, we present high efficiency embedded gratings produced by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The chosen embedding material is a nanolaminate, which consists of alternating arranged titanium dioxide (TiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) layers, where the TiO2 layers are by a factor of 25 thicker than the Al2O3 layers. Consequently, the refractive index nearly equal to the refractive index of pure TiO2 layers. Titanium dioxide has one of the highest refractive index among dielectrics and no absorption at the operating wavelength. A pinhole free embedding of the grating is essential, since even tiny air pockets will reduce the efficiency of the diffraction optic. This has been successfully realized. However, the ALD coating produces indentations on the surface of the embedded grating. The method to remove the indentations in the excess layer on the embedded grating is discussed. The planarization is done by ion beam etching and the oxygen depletion of the top TiO2 component is fixed by thermal treatment in O2 atmosphere. Finally, we developed an embedded grating with transmission efficiency higher than 97.0 % at 1030 nm wavelength. The experimentally measured efficiency is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value obtained by rigorous coupled wave analysis. In contrast, a conventional, binary grating with the same period reaches only a maximum theoretical efficiency of 92.3 % at the same wavelength in Littrow-configuration.
{"title":"High-efficiency embedded transmission grating","authors":"S. Ratzsch, E. Kley, A. Tünnermann, A. Szeghalmi","doi":"10.1117/12.2191223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191223","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we present high efficiency embedded gratings produced by atomic layer deposition (ALD). The chosen embedding material is a nanolaminate, which consists of alternating arranged titanium dioxide (TiO2) and alumina (Al2O3) layers, where the TiO2 layers are by a factor of 25 thicker than the Al2O3 layers. Consequently, the refractive index nearly equal to the refractive index of pure TiO2 layers. Titanium dioxide has one of the highest refractive index among dielectrics and no absorption at the operating wavelength. A pinhole free embedding of the grating is essential, since even tiny air pockets will reduce the efficiency of the diffraction optic. This has been successfully realized. However, the ALD coating produces indentations on the surface of the embedded grating. The method to remove the indentations in the excess layer on the embedded grating is discussed. The planarization is done by ion beam etching and the oxygen depletion of the top TiO2 component is fixed by thermal treatment in O2 atmosphere. Finally, we developed an embedded grating with transmission efficiency higher than 97.0 % at 1030 nm wavelength. The experimentally measured efficiency is in excellent agreement with the theoretical value obtained by rigorous coupled wave analysis. In contrast, a conventional, binary grating with the same period reaches only a maximum theoretical efficiency of 92.3 % at the same wavelength in Littrow-configuration.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123947527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Liukaitytė, M. Zerrad, M. Lequime, T. Begou, C. Amra
Due to market demand and technical progresses, a new generation of optical components requires much more sophisticated structures with a great number of layers. These complex structures enable to achieve severe optical performances but, at the same time, enhance light scattering processes. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a metrological tool which provides an accurate quantification of the spectral and angular scattering losses behavior with sufficient angular and spectral resolutions. In order to face this issue, new investigations were performed by our group at Institut Fresnel and led to the development of the new scatterometer SALSA (Spectral and Angular Light Scattering characterization Apparatus). The use of both a broad-band light source and a tunable filter allows to accurately select the illumination wavelength and the spectral bandwidth on the whole spectral range of CCD detectivity. In this paper we will present the performances of the setup and some experimental results.
{"title":"Measurements of angular and spectral resolved scattering on complex optical coatings","authors":"S. Liukaitytė, M. Zerrad, M. Lequime, T. Begou, C. Amra","doi":"10.1117/12.2191227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191227","url":null,"abstract":"Due to market demand and technical progresses, a new generation of optical components requires much more sophisticated structures with a great number of layers. These complex structures enable to achieve severe optical performances but, at the same time, enhance light scattering processes. For these reasons, it is essential to develop a metrological tool which provides an accurate quantification of the spectral and angular scattering losses behavior with sufficient angular and spectral resolutions. In order to face this issue, new investigations were performed by our group at Institut Fresnel and led to the development of the new scatterometer SALSA (Spectral and Angular Light Scattering characterization Apparatus). The use of both a broad-band light source and a tunable filter allows to accurately select the illumination wavelength and the spectral bandwidth on the whole spectral range of CCD detectivity. In this paper we will present the performances of the setup and some experimental results.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120959396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Jupé, T. Willemsen, S. Malobabić, K. Schuba, D. Ristau
During the last years, optical low loss components gained more and more industrial interest and led to novel approaches for the production in optical coating technology. The application of filtered deposition technologies promises a significant reduction of particle contamination. Usually, filtered techniques are applied in combination with processes which produce a high level of undesired particles, like the cathodic arc deposition. In the present contribution, a magnetic field filter is applied in combination with a high quality ion beam sputtering process. The focus of the investigation constitutes the modulation of the guiding process with respect to the guiding efficiency. Numerical investigations reveal the trajectories of the ions during the guiding process and allow to analyze the influence of the magnetic field and the resulting electrostatic potential. In this study, the guiding effect is observed to be dominated by the electric potential compared to the magnetic field. However according to the simulations, very high ion guiding efficiencies can be achieved using moderate magnetic fields and electrical potentials. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the experiemental and calculated efficiencies agree well. Consequently, the simulation is the basis for a further optimization of the filtered ion beam sputtering processes.
{"title":"Optimization of novel phase separating IBS process","authors":"M. Jupé, T. Willemsen, S. Malobabić, K. Schuba, D. Ristau","doi":"10.1117/12.2191229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191229","url":null,"abstract":"During the last years, optical low loss components gained more and more industrial interest and led to novel approaches for the production in optical coating technology. The application of filtered deposition technologies promises a significant reduction of particle contamination. Usually, filtered techniques are applied in combination with processes which produce a high level of undesired particles, like the cathodic arc deposition. In the present contribution, a magnetic field filter is applied in combination with a high quality ion beam sputtering process. The focus of the investigation constitutes the modulation of the guiding process with respect to the guiding efficiency. Numerical investigations reveal the trajectories of the ions during the guiding process and allow to analyze the influence of the magnetic field and the resulting electrostatic potential. In this study, the guiding effect is observed to be dominated by the electric potential compared to the magnetic field. However according to the simulations, very high ion guiding efficiencies can be achieved using moderate magnetic fields and electrical potentials. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the experiemental and calculated efficiencies agree well. Consequently, the simulation is the basis for a further optimization of the filtered ion beam sputtering processes.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127681568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Portable runway lighting systems pose an interesting illumination challenge. They are typically used in harsh environments where generators or batteries are used to provide electricity. As a result, not only do the systems have to satisfy the regulatory requirements which determine the light intensity profile but they also need to be highly efficient and within a compact design. This paper summarises the optical design and performance of a PAPI system using LEDs which are coupled into a waveguide to generate the required light distribution at an intermediate plane after the waveguide. The use of waveguides means that a single projection lens is used to generate the final beam and this images the output of the waveguides into the far field.
{"title":"Optical design of precision approach path indicators in a portable runway lighting system","authors":"John D. Walker, Adam Monaghan","doi":"10.1117/12.2191122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191122","url":null,"abstract":"Portable runway lighting systems pose an interesting illumination challenge. They are typically used in harsh environments where generators or batteries are used to provide electricity. As a result, not only do the systems have to satisfy the regulatory requirements which determine the light intensity profile but they also need to be highly efficient and within a compact design. This paper summarises the optical design and performance of a PAPI system using LEDs which are coupled into a waveguide to generate the required light distribution at an intermediate plane after the waveguide. The use of waveguides means that a single projection lens is used to generate the final beam and this images the output of the waveguides into the far field.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127705122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A multi-fields optical design method aiming to calculate two high-order aspheric lens profiles simultaneously with an embedded entrance pupil is proposed in this paper. The Simultaneous Multiple Surfaces design method in two dimensions (SMS2D) is used to provide a better understanding of how N surfaces allow perfect coupling of N ray-bundles. In contract to this perfect coupling, our multi-fields design approach is based on the partial coupling of multiple ray-bundles. This method allows calculating the Optical Path Lengths (OPL) during the process, directly building connections between different fields of view. Both infinite and finite conjugate objectives can be designed with this approach. Additional constraints like surface continuity and smoothness are taken into account to calculate two smooth and accurate surface contours. Sub-aperture sampling factor is introduced as a weighting function for different fields which allows for a very flexible performance control over a wide field of view. A RMS 2D spot size function is used to optimize the weighting factor to achieve a very well-balanced imaging performance. A wide-field objective and a moderate aperture lens are designed and analyzed to demonstrate the potential of this design method. The impact of different weighting functions for the sub-aperture sampling is evaluated accordingly. It’s shown that this design method provides an excellent starting point for further optimization of the surfaces coefficients and initial design parameters: resulting in a very good and well-balanced imaging performance over the entire field of view.
{"title":"Direct design of a two-surface lens including an entrance pupil for imaging applications","authors":"Yunfeng Nie, F. Duerr, H. Thienpont","doi":"10.1117/12.2191045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191045","url":null,"abstract":"A multi-fields optical design method aiming to calculate two high-order aspheric lens profiles simultaneously with an embedded entrance pupil is proposed in this paper. The Simultaneous Multiple Surfaces design method in two dimensions (SMS2D) is used to provide a better understanding of how N surfaces allow perfect coupling of N ray-bundles. In contract to this perfect coupling, our multi-fields design approach is based on the partial coupling of multiple ray-bundles. This method allows calculating the Optical Path Lengths (OPL) during the process, directly building connections between different fields of view. Both infinite and finite conjugate objectives can be designed with this approach. Additional constraints like surface continuity and smoothness are taken into account to calculate two smooth and accurate surface contours. Sub-aperture sampling factor is introduced as a weighting function for different fields which allows for a very flexible performance control over a wide field of view. A RMS 2D spot size function is used to optimize the weighting factor to achieve a very well-balanced imaging performance. A wide-field objective and a moderate aperture lens are designed and analyzed to demonstrate the potential of this design method. The impact of different weighting functions for the sub-aperture sampling is evaluated accordingly. It’s shown that this design method provides an excellent starting point for further optimization of the surfaces coefficients and initial design parameters: resulting in a very good and well-balanced imaging performance over the entire field of view.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127735500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sorgato, R. Mohedano, J. Chaves, A. Cvetković, M. Hernández, P. Benítez, J. Miñano, H. Thienpont, F. Duerr
Today’s SSL illumination market shows a clear trend towards high flux packages with higher efficiency and higher CRI, realized by means of multiple color chips and phosphors. Such light sources require the optics to provide both near- and far-field color mixing. This design problem is particularly challenging for collimated luminaries, since traditional diffusers cannot be employed without enlarging the exit aperture and reducing brightness (so increasing étendue). Furthermore, diffusers compromise the light output ratio (efficiency) of the lamps to which they are applied. A solution, based on Köhler integration, consisting of a spherical cap comprising spherical microlenses on both its interior and exterior sides was presented in 2012. When placed on top of an inhomogeneous multichip Lambertian LED, this so-called Shell-Mixer creates a homogeneous (both spatially and angularly) virtual source, also Lambertian, where the images of the chips merge. The virtual source is located at the same position with essentially the same size of the original source. The diameter of this optics was 3 times that of the chip-array footprint. In this work, we present a new version of the Shell-Mixer, based on the Edge Ray Principle, where neither the overall shape of the cap nor the surfaces of the lenses are constrained to spheres or rotational Cartesian ovals. This new Shell- Mixer is freeform, only twice as large as the original chip-array and equals the original model in terms of brightness, color uniformity and efficiency.
{"title":"Freeform étendue-preserving optics for light and color mixing","authors":"S. Sorgato, R. Mohedano, J. Chaves, A. Cvetković, M. Hernández, P. Benítez, J. Miñano, H. Thienpont, F. Duerr","doi":"10.1117/12.2191048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191048","url":null,"abstract":"Today’s SSL illumination market shows a clear trend towards high flux packages with higher efficiency and higher CRI, realized by means of multiple color chips and phosphors. Such light sources require the optics to provide both near- and far-field color mixing. This design problem is particularly challenging for collimated luminaries, since traditional diffusers cannot be employed without enlarging the exit aperture and reducing brightness (so increasing étendue). Furthermore, diffusers compromise the light output ratio (efficiency) of the lamps to which they are applied. A solution, based on Köhler integration, consisting of a spherical cap comprising spherical microlenses on both its interior and exterior sides was presented in 2012. When placed on top of an inhomogeneous multichip Lambertian LED, this so-called Shell-Mixer creates a homogeneous (both spatially and angularly) virtual source, also Lambertian, where the images of the chips merge. The virtual source is located at the same position with essentially the same size of the original source. The diameter of this optics was 3 times that of the chip-array footprint. In this work, we present a new version of the Shell-Mixer, based on the Edge Ray Principle, where neither the overall shape of the cap nor the surfaces of the lenses are constrained to spheres or rotational Cartesian ovals. This new Shell- Mixer is freeform, only twice as large as the original chip-array and equals the original model in terms of brightness, color uniformity and efficiency.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132029011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Greggio, D. Magrin, M. Munari, M. Zusi, R. Ragazzoni, G. Cremonese, S. Debei, E. Friso, V. Della Corte, P. Palumbo, H. Hoffmann, R. Jaumann, H. Michaelis, N. Schmitz, P. Schipani, L. Lara
The JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA) is dedicated to the detailed study of Jupiter and its moons. Among the whole instrument suite, JANUS (Jovis, Amorum ac Natorum Undique Scrutator) is the camera system of JUICE designed for imaging at visible wavelengths. It will conduct an in-depth study of Ganymede, Callisto and Europa, and explore most of the Jovian system and Jupiter itself, performing, in the case of Ganymede, a global mapping of the satellite with a resolution of 400 m/px. The optical design chosen to meet the scientific goals of JANUS is a three mirror anastigmatic system in an off-axis configuration. To ensure that the achieved contrast is high enough to observe the features on the surface of the satellites, we also performed a preliminary stray light analysis of the telescope. We provide here a short description of the optical design and we present the procedure adopted to evaluate the stray-light expected during the mapping phase of the surface of Ganymede. We also use the results obtained from the first run of simulations to optimize the baffle design.
欧洲航天局(ESA)的JUICE(木星冰冷卫星探测器)卫星致力于对木星及其卫星的详细研究。在整个仪器套件中，JANUS (Jovis, Amorum ac Natorum Undique Scrutator)是JUICE设计用于可见光成像的相机系统。它将对木卫三、木卫四和木卫二进行深入研究，并探索木星系统和木星本身的大部分地区，在木卫三的情况下，以400米/像素的分辨率对卫星进行全球测绘。为了满足JANUS的科学目标，选择的光学设计是一个离轴配置的三镜消像散系统。为了确保获得的对比度足够高，能够观察到卫星表面的特征，我们还对望远镜进行了初步的杂散光分析。我们在这里提供了一个简短的描述，光学设计，我们提出的程序，以评估杂散光预期在绘图阶段的表面的Ganymede。我们还利用第一次模拟的结果来优化挡板的设计。
{"title":"Optical design and stray light analysis for the JANUS camera of the JUICE space mission","authors":"D. Greggio, D. Magrin, M. Munari, M. Zusi, R. Ragazzoni, G. Cremonese, S. Debei, E. Friso, V. Della Corte, P. Palumbo, H. Hoffmann, R. Jaumann, H. Michaelis, N. Schmitz, P. Schipani, L. Lara","doi":"10.1117/12.2206170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2206170","url":null,"abstract":"The JUICE (JUpiter ICy moons Explorer) satellite of the European Space Agency (ESA) is dedicated to the detailed study of Jupiter and its moons. Among the whole instrument suite, JANUS (Jovis, Amorum ac Natorum Undique Scrutator) is the camera system of JUICE designed for imaging at visible wavelengths. It will conduct an in-depth study of Ganymede, Callisto and Europa, and explore most of the Jovian system and Jupiter itself, performing, in the case of Ganymede, a global mapping of the satellite with a resolution of 400 m/px. The optical design chosen to meet the scientific goals of JANUS is a three mirror anastigmatic system in an off-axis configuration. To ensure that the achieved contrast is high enough to observe the features on the surface of the satellites, we also performed a preliminary stray light analysis of the telescope. We provide here a short description of the optical design and we present the procedure adopted to evaluate the stray-light expected during the mapping phase of the surface of Ganymede. We also use the results obtained from the first run of simulations to optimize the baffle design.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132504575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Harvey, G. Carles, Shouqian Chen, G. Muyo, J. Downing, Nicholas Bustin, A. Wood
While the performance of optical imaging systems is fundamentally limited by diffraction, the design and manufacture of practical systems is intricately associated with the control of optical aberrations. The fundamental Shannon limit for the number of resolvable pixels by an optical aperture is generally therefore not achieved due to the presence of off-axis aberrations or large detector pixels. We report how co-called computational-imaging (CI) techniques can enable an increase in imaging performance using more compact optical systems than are achievable with traditional optical design. We report how discontinuous lens elements, either near the pupil or close to the detector, yield complex and spatially variant PSFs that nevertheless provide enhanced transmission of information via the detector to enable imaging systems that are many times shorter and lighter than equivalent traditional imaging systems. Computational imaging has been made possible and attractive with the trend for advanced manufacturing of aspheric, asymmetric lens shapes at lower cost and by the exploitation of low-cost, high-performance digital computation. The continuation of these trends will continue to increase the importance of computational imaging.
{"title":"Computational imaging: the improved and the impossible","authors":"A. Harvey, G. Carles, Shouqian Chen, G. Muyo, J. Downing, Nicholas Bustin, A. Wood","doi":"10.1117/12.2193769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2193769","url":null,"abstract":"While the performance of optical imaging systems is fundamentally limited by diffraction, the design and manufacture of practical systems is intricately associated with the control of optical aberrations. The fundamental Shannon limit for the number of resolvable pixels by an optical aperture is generally therefore not achieved due to the presence of off-axis aberrations or large detector pixels. We report how co-called computational-imaging (CI) techniques can enable an increase in imaging performance using more compact optical systems than are achievable with traditional optical design. We report how discontinuous lens elements, either near the pupil or close to the detector, yield complex and spatially variant PSFs that nevertheless provide enhanced transmission of information via the detector to enable imaging systems that are many times shorter and lighter than equivalent traditional imaging systems. Computational imaging has been made possible and attractive with the trend for advanced manufacturing of aspheric, asymmetric lens shapes at lower cost and by the exploitation of low-cost, high-performance digital computation. The continuation of these trends will continue to increase the importance of computational imaging.","PeriodicalId":212434,"journal":{"name":"SPIE Optical Systems Design","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130150743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：