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Foresta e perturbazione antropica. 122 L’agroecosistema della Milpa come esempio di co-abitazione 森林和人为干扰。122 .作为共同居住的一个例子
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13365
Maria Chiara Libreri
What can be a model of urban development congenial to the human, plant and animal population? Is it possible to implement a model that is useful in our time?The article focuses on the critical analysis of an agroecosystem dating back to the Maya population and aims to obtain useful information on the relationships between human settlements and natural habitats. Starting from the agroecosystem of corn cultivation used in Mesoamerica, we intend to investigate the symbiotic relationship between indigenous agricultural communities and the ecosystem in which they are located. The investigation of the relationship between forest, settlements and agricultural production of a pre-Columbian civilization is the starting point for a broader reflection on the issue of co-habitation in the expanding city towards complex ecosystems, rich in natural biodiversity.The work here presented is the result of what emerged during a field work carried out in 2018 in the Mexican peninsula of Yucatan, the story of encounters that shows the negotiation between different beings: plants, men and even spirits, result in a complex ecosystem.
什么是适合人类、植物和动物种群的城市发展模式?有可能实现一个在我们这个时代有用的模型吗?这篇文章着重于对可追溯到玛雅人口的农业生态系统的批判性分析,旨在获得有关人类住区与自然栖息地之间关系的有用信息。从中美洲玉米种植的农业生态系统开始,我们打算研究土著农业群落与其所在生态系统之间的共生关系。对前哥伦布文明的森林、定居点和农业生产之间关系的调查,是更广泛地反思在不断扩大的城市中共同居住的问题的起点,朝着复杂的生态系统发展,丰富的自然生物多样性。这里展示的作品是2018年在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛进行的一次实地工作的结果,这个故事展示了不同生物之间的谈判:植物、人类甚至精神,形成了一个复杂的生态系统。
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引用次数: 0
La metà della Terra e l’intero pianeta. Questioni di coevoluzione 地球的一半,整个星球。共同进化问题
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13360
R. Pasini
Different disciplinary fields have contributed to expand the semantic area of the term ‘coevolution’, from classical biology to philosophical reflections, to the most recent debates on the col- lapse of planetary ecology. Today, the discourse on coevolution focuses on the urge to redefine the relationship between human society and nature and to consistently coordinate the spatial trans- formations imposed by the former upon the latter. In this text, two opposite perspectives on how to re-imagine the spatial organization of the Earth are compared: anthropic withdrawal from half the planet vs. construction of a technologically governed natural-anthropic assemblage. These perspectives directly engage the ambit of the practices and the objectives of landscape design. Two cases of reform of large landscape systems, representative of such opposite positions, are analyzed. Concluding remarks hypothesize forms of constructive synergy between such approaches, philosophically evoked, proactively formulated, but still distant from an operative implementation.
从经典生物学到哲学反思,再到最近关于行星生态学崩溃的争论,不同的学科领域都为扩大“共同进化”一词的语义范围做出了贡献。今天,共同进化的话语集中在重新定义人类社会与自然之间的关系,并始终协调前者对后者施加的空间转换的冲动上。在本文中,对如何重新想象地球空间组织的两种相反的观点进行了比较:人类从地球的一半撤出与技术控制的自然-人类组合的建设。这些观点直接涉及到景观设计的实践范围和目标。分析了两个具有代表性的大型景观系统改革案例。结束语假设了这些方法之间的建设性协同作用形式,这些方法在哲学上引起,积极制定,但距离有效实施仍很遥远。
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引用次数: 0
Co-evolution 共同进化
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-14310
Lucina Caravaggi
The term co-evolution forces us to reflect on the transformation of the meaning of some terms, linked to the profound changes of our time and very relevant for the design disciplines.Starting from the role that some relational models have had within the landscape project up to the uncertain relationships that the project maintains with contemporary landscapes, this essay deals with dynamic interweaving of lines and nodes in continuous evolution, as suggested from Tim Ingold's metaphor.The new landscapes require new interpretative references connected to the change in meaning of three main and constitutive terms of modern thought: nature, earth, evolution.The great separation between 'nature and culture', which shows a disturbing permanence in our disciplinary field, has been outlined in the belief that it represents a serious obstacle to the start up of new explorations and imaginations.Some hints on the Gaia Hypothesis follow, images of “forces in action” regulated by principles of reciprocity that has managed to defeat the idea of ​​the planet as a sink, or a container.  An idea that is rooted in modern thought, and which has made the boundaries between humans and non-humans increasingly blurred.With respect to the themes of evolution, I mentioned the need to contrast the imaginary of Darwinian origin,-based on natural selection (harden over the last century without any responsibility of the great biologist!), in favor of collateral forms of change, creative strategies of survival that slip away the classical gradualism of evolution theories, synthetically recalling Gould's research.In the second part of this editorial, I traced a possible interpretative geography of the contributions hosted in the issue, a map that overall appears very interesting for what it shows, and for what it hides. It is divided into 4 sections called: garden laboratories, resistances, dynamisms, reconciliations.Finally, I have highlighted some key terms from the texts by Laura Boella and Kristina Hill that can be useful for drawing new maps, orienting our design explorations.
“共同进化”这个术语迫使我们反思一些术语的含义的转变,这些术语与我们这个时代的深刻变化有关,与设计学科非常相关。从景观项目中一些关系模型的作用开始,到项目与当代景观保持的不确定关系,本文处理不断演变的线条和节点的动态交织,正如Tim Ingold的比喻所暗示的那样。新的景观需要新的解释参考,与现代思想的三个主要和构成术语的意义变化有关:自然、地球、进化。“自然与文化”之间的巨大分离,在我们的学科领域中显示出一种令人不安的永久性,它已经被概述为一种信念,即它代表了开始新的探索和想象的严重障碍。一些关于盖亚假说的提示随之而来,“行动中的力量”的图像受到互惠原则的调节,这已经成功地击败了地球是一个水槽或容器的想法。这种观念根植于现代思想,并使人类与非人类之间的界限日益模糊。关于进化的主题,我提到需要对比达尔文起源的想象,基于自然选择(在过去的一个世纪里,没有任何伟大的生物学家的责任!),支持附带形式的变化,创造性的生存策略,摆脱了进化论的经典渐进主义,综合回顾古尔德的研究。在这篇社论的第二部分,我对这期杂志上的文章进行了一种可能的解释地理,这是一幅总体上看起来非常有趣的地图,因为它显示了什么,也隐藏了什么。它分为4个部分,分别是:花园实验室、抵抗、动态、和解。最后,我从Laura Boella和Kristina Hill的文本中强调了一些关键术语,这些术语可以用于绘制新地图,指导我们的设计探索。
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引用次数: 0
Premio Internazionale Carlo Scarpa per il Giardino 2022. Varcando la soglia del Südgelände: co-evoluzioni di uno spazio urbano incolto, fra ecologia, arte e buona gestione 国际卡洛花园奖2022。重要的阈值Südgelä之间的一个废弃的城市,1983:co-evoluzioni良好生态、艺术和管理
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13992
Giacomo Dallatorre
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引用次数: 0
Evolution of Nuclear Environments: From Forbidden Gardens to Nuclear Landscape Monuments 核环境的演变:从紫禁园到核景观纪念碑
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13291
Linda Grisoli, JieXi Goh
The dawn of Anthropocene saw the birth of nuclear landscapes (NL): places heavily contaminated by radioactivity, left behind by human interventions. From nuclear weapon production to detonation sites and atomic power plants, unfortunate events had resulted in environmental catastrophes, turning these NLs into forbidden gardens - off-limits frontiers of waste. Human absence promoted NL to metamorphose into post-nuclear landscapes, characterized by a primal image of nature: pristine and spontaneous. It is an unreleased kind of wilderness, a living archive of human ecocides. Later, governmental interventions gradually transformed these sites into Nuclear Landscape Monuments (NLM), making them embodiments of degradation and redemption. The essay investigates the evolution of these nuclear environments and their wild ambivalent nature. It further elucidates the shift in humans’ attitudes towards nature, through an atomic narrative: from production and destruction to recovery and reconciliation. The essay also highlights the role of anthropogenic and natural agencies in establishing this intricate co-existing relationship between humans and non-humans.
人类世的黎明见证了核景观(NL)的诞生:被放射性严重污染的地方,被人类干预留下。从核武器生产到爆炸地点和原子能发电厂,不幸的事件导致了环境灾难,把这些核实验室变成了禁苑——废物的禁区。人类的缺席促使NL蜕变为后核景观,其特征是自然的原始形象:原始和自然。它是一种未被释放的荒野,是人类生态灭绝的活档案。后来,政府的干预逐渐将这些遗址转变为核景观纪念碑(NLM),使其成为退化和救赎的体现。本文研究了这些核环境的演变及其野性的矛盾性质。它通过原子叙事进一步阐明了人类对自然态度的转变:从生产和破坏到恢复与和解。本文还强调了人为和自然机构在建立人类与非人类之间复杂的共存关系中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Diana Balmori e la necessità di integrare la città nella natura 戴安娜·巴尔莫里和将城市融入自然的必要性
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13317
Marta Rabazo Martin
The aim of this paper is to analyze the role of nature and man-made landscapes in the work of landscape architect Diana Balmori. With regard to some of her less published projects we can understand how the idea of an intimate continuity between the whole Ambiental system, includ- ing the man being nature, underlays in each of them, following a conductive line from the small to the large scale. This multiscale continuity can foster a coevolution: the model to follow is no longer based on division and local solutions but on the idea of blurring limits and connecting with natural systems creating an intimate whole. That implies also inverting the relationship between nature and city: imitate the functioning of natural engineering systems instead of leaving dif- fused fragments of nature in the city.
本文的目的是分析自然景观和人造景观在景观设计师戴安娜·巴尔莫里的作品中的作用。关于她的一些较少发表的项目,我们可以理解整个环境系统之间的亲密连续性的想法,包括人是自然,在每个项目中都有一个从小到大的传导线。这种多尺度的连续性可以促进共同进化:要遵循的模式不再基于划分和局部解决方案,而是基于模糊界限和与自然系统联系的理念,创造一个亲密的整体。这也意味着颠倒自然与城市之间的关系:模仿自然工程系统的功能,而不是在城市中留下分散的自然碎片。
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引用次数: 0
Giardini che educano
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13733
Emanuela Morelli
Living in complexity and being part of it, becoming self-aware, recognizing the other’s right to existence, embodying nature in oneself as a natural, obvious and everyday fact depends, as Edgar Morin said, on our educational system. To do this, we need to activate a process that focuses on direct experience with what surrounds us, and in particular with nature, remembering that education is the kindling of a flame, not the filling of a vessel.Starting from some contemporary principle, especially from the Edgar Morin’s ‘reliance’ and the Gilles Clément’s ‘planetary garden’ and ‘terrestrial citizenship’, the research goes back in time and attempts a reinterpretation of some of the founding principles of Maria Montessori’s thought. This sees the garden as a privileged place for experimenting with an educational system capable of developing in human beings a greater awareness of themselves and their surroundings. In ‘our garden’, Montessori’s ideal place for a cosmic education, “The great law that regulates life in cosmos is that of collaboration between all beings” (Montessori, 2004).
正如埃德加·莫林所说,生活在复杂之中并成为其中的一部分,变得有自我意识,承认他人存在的权利,把自然作为一种自然的、显而易见的、日常的事实体现在自己身上,这取决于我们的教育体系。要做到这一点,我们需要激活一个过程,专注于对我们周围事物的直接体验,特别是对大自然的直接体验,记住教育是点燃火焰,而不是填充容器。从一些当代的原则出发,特别是从埃德加·莫林的“依赖”和吉尔斯·克莱姆ment的“行星花园”和“地球公民”开始,这项研究回到过去,试图重新解释玛丽亚·蒙台梭利思想的一些基本原则。这个花园被视为一个特殊的地方,可以试验一种教育系统,这种系统能够培养人类对自己和周围环境的更大认识。在“我们的花园”中,蒙台梭利理想的宇宙教育场所,“宇宙中调节生命的伟大法则是所有生物之间的合作”(蒙台梭利,2004)。
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引用次数: 0
Agrevolutions. Esempi di coevoluzione nel paesaggio agrario tra Sardegna e Portogallo Agrevolutions。撒丁岛和葡萄牙农业景观共同进化的例子
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13343
A. Dessì, João Gomes da Silva
The paper refers to research and projects shared between Sardinian and Portuguese agricultural landscapes which, starting from the continuous investigation of this common cultural matrix, try to trace an evolutionary line of the historicized ways of co-evolutionary landscape construction and foreshadow some possible scenarios of continuity.In particular, the paper will focus on two projects by the Global Arquitectura Pajsagista studio in Alentejo, in which the approach to the study of the place can refer to a multi-scale methodology that links the study of the historical uses of agricultural landscapes, with the understanding of physical structures and evolution of vegetation cover foreshadowing a new idea of space starting from the interaction between man and these two dominant ones. With respect to these two topics declined in the “man-soil” and “man-living beings” relationship, it can be said that agricultural projects - and this is historically true, but even more so today - argued exactly the necessary meeting between utilitarian practices and symbolic of the primary productive activities of man with the “self poietic” and “ecological” regenerative dynamics of a specific way of organizing the terrestrial space. The presented cases, in fact, try to show the landscape design ability, into the rural Mediterranean areas, to activate co-evolution processes between the regeneration of agricultural soils and the human needs of inhabiting linked to leisure and refreshment.
本文参考了撒丁岛和葡萄牙农业景观之间的研究和项目,这些研究和项目从对这一共同文化矩阵的持续调查开始,试图追踪共同进化景观建设的历史化方式的进化路线,并预示了一些可能的连续性场景。本文将特别关注Global Arquitectura Pajsagista工作室在阿连特茹的两个项目,其中研究地点的方法可以参考一种多尺度的方法,将农业景观的历史用途研究与对物理结构和植被覆盖演变的理解联系起来,预示着一种新的空间理念,从人类与这两个主要因素之间的相互作用开始。关于这两个主题在“人-土壤”和“人-生物”关系中的衰落,可以说,农业项目——这在历史上是正确的,但在今天更是如此——恰恰证明了功利主义实践和人类初级生产活动的象征与组织陆地空间的特定方式的“自我诗学”和“生态”再生动力之间的必要相遇。事实上,所展示的案例试图展示景观设计的能力,进入地中海乡村地区,激活农业土壤的再生和人类居住需求之间的共同进化过程,与休闲和休息有关。
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引用次数: 0
Co-naturing informality in Chile 智利的自然非正式性
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-13336
Carlotta Olivari, Margherita Pasquali
Inspired by Donna Haraway’s concept of Making Kind, the investigation of the relationships between different objects of nature and non-nature subjected to today’s climate change is born. Looking today at the transformations of the planet, Chile represents an exemplary case study. Within its particular geomorphological condition, it is impossible to exclude the continuous evolution separating humans from other living species. This integration is the rise of campamentos, Chilean informal settlements. This contribution investigates the natural processes and informality in Chile through the lens of Landscape ecology. Specifically, it analyses the symbiotic relationship between the informal development and the morphological conformation of the natural Chilean context, with the consequent intersection of the inhabited space and the natural one.
受Donna Haraway的Making Kind概念的启发,在当今气候变化的影响下,对自然和非自然不同物体之间关系的研究诞生了。今天,纵观地球的变化,智利是一个典型的研究案例。在其特殊的地貌条件下,不可能排除将人类与其他生物物种分开的持续进化。这种融合是campamentos的兴起,即智利的非正式定居点。这篇文章通过景观生态学的视角调查了智利的自然过程和非正式性。具体来说,它分析了非正式发展与智利自然文脉形态形态之间的共生关系,以及由此产生的居住空间与自然空间的交集。
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引用次数: 0
Borderscapes. Dalla difesa al dialogo Borderscapes。从辩护到对话
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.36253/rv-14059
L. Marinaro
Promosso da quattro attori la cui sinergia valica confini amministrativi e scale, BORDESCAPES è il workshop internazionale sul tema della relazione tra Arsenale marittimo militare e la città di Spezia che si propone di essere il primo tassello di una ricerca progettuale più vasta e di un sodalizio duraturo. Dodici studenti, sotto il coordinamento dei docenti dei dipartimenti di Architettura delle Università di Firenze e di Liegi, si sono cimentati in un contatto intensivo con il tema della soglia e con la necessità di materializzarne (e smaterializzarne) significati, luci, ombre, ritmi e nuove nature. BORDERSCAPE è stato al contempo un'incursione e una fuga, un evento capace ovvero di portare l'attenzione internazionale alla scala locale e di far uscire la città dall'inviluppo del provincialismo. La news offre una cronaca da questo particolare bordo spezzino, raccontandone in parte la genesi ed un prolifico tentativo di innesco di un processo corale di re-immaginazione.
由四个参与者的协同作用超出行政边界和楼梯、BORDESCAPES之间的关系是关于这个问题国际讲习班军事海上武器库和香料的城市设计研究的建议是第一个组成部分更广泛和持久的伙伴关系。在佛罗伦萨和列日大学建筑系的教师的协调下,12名学生就阈值问题以及使阈值(和非物质化)的意义、光影、节奏和新性质成为现实的必要性进行了密集的接触。BORDERSCAPE既是一种入侵,也是一种逃避,它可以把国际社会的注意力吸引到当地的规模上,让这个城市摆脱乡下人的嫉妒。新闻从这一特定的断层线提供了一篇编年史,部分讲述了它的起源,以及一种多产的尝试,以触发一个重新想象的合唱过程。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Ri-Vista. Research for landscape architecture
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