Pub Date : 1993-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372919
J. Walther
While impression formation is a vital construct in much social cognition and communication research, extant instruments for the measurement of impression development over repeated interactions are generally unavailable. This research reports the construction of an instrument used to measure impression development. Three experiments are reported which evidence the predictive validity of the instrument and its utility in further research.
{"title":"Construction and validation of a quantitative measure of impression development","authors":"J. Walther","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372919","url":null,"abstract":"While impression formation is a vital construct in much social cognition and communication research, extant instruments for the measurement of impression development over repeated interactions are generally unavailable. This research reports the construction of an instrument used to measure impression development. Three experiments are reported which evidence the predictive validity of the instrument and its utility in further research.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133744591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-12-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372923
J. Aitken, M. Neer
The purpose of this study was to define more clearly the role of apprehension and motivation in student questioning. A 118 item survey was completed by 156 students enrolled in an introductory communication course. The questions were designed to study student intentions to ask questions in class and to compare the effects of apprehension and motivation on question‐asking preferences.
{"title":"College student question‐asking: The relationship of classroom communication apprehension and motivation","authors":"J. Aitken, M. Neer","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372923","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to define more clearly the role of apprehension and motivation in student questioning. A 118 item survey was completed by 156 students enrolled in an introductory communication course. The questions were designed to study student intentions to ask questions in class and to compare the effects of apprehension and motivation on question‐asking preferences.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127980765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-09-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372906
Craig Monroe, Mark G. Borzi, V. DiSalvo
This study focused upon managers’ choice of, and satisfaction with, conflict management strategies in disputes with difficult subordinates. The four strategies discovered, in descending order of frequency, were: forcing, collaboration, minimal coping, and structural strategies. Managers’ satisfaction with the outcomes associated with these strategies reflected an absolute inverse ratio to the frequency of their reported use. The authors call for research leading to the development of alternative strategies for managing conflict with difficult subordinates.
{"title":"Managerial strategies for dealing with difficult subordinates","authors":"Craig Monroe, Mark G. Borzi, V. DiSalvo","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372906","url":null,"abstract":"This study focused upon managers’ choice of, and satisfaction with, conflict management strategies in disputes with difficult subordinates. The four strategies discovered, in descending order of frequency, were: forcing, collaboration, minimal coping, and structural strategies. Managers’ satisfaction with the outcomes associated with these strategies reflected an absolute inverse ratio to the frequency of their reported use. The authors call for research leading to the development of alternative strategies for managing conflict with difficult subordinates.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126416593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-09-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372899
Janet S. Horne
This essay offers an application of Richard Rorty's anti‐foundationalist pragmatism to critique some contemporary work in rhetorical theory, criticism, and philosophy of rhetoric. The critique is based on Rorty's strategy of de‐privileging argument as the foundation for espistemology, and proposes a tropological rhetoric as an alternative to epistemological rhetoric. The essay focuses on redescription as the critical function of tropological rhetoric and as a means of social and political action.
{"title":"Rorty's circumvention of argument: Redescribing rhetoric","authors":"Janet S. Horne","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372899","url":null,"abstract":"This essay offers an application of Richard Rorty's anti‐foundationalist pragmatism to critique some contemporary work in rhetorical theory, criticism, and philosophy of rhetoric. The critique is based on Rorty's strategy of de‐privileging argument as the foundation for espistemology, and proposes a tropological rhetoric as an alternative to epistemological rhetoric. The essay focuses on redescription as the critical function of tropological rhetoric and as a means of social and political action.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114650325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-09-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372905
Cindy L. White, C. Dobris
This genre analysis of feminist responses to patriarchal religion examines selected works by Mary Daly, Ti‐Grace Atkinson, and Sally Gearhart. Specifically, we identify radical feminist anti‐religious rhetoric as deriving from what Harrell and Linkugel (1980) call organizing principles found in recurring situations that generate discourse characterized by a family of common factors (p. 406). We selected works that can be explored under the “motivational classification.”
{"title":"A chorus of discordant voices: Radical feminist confrontations with patriarchal religion","authors":"Cindy L. White, C. Dobris","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372905","url":null,"abstract":"This genre analysis of feminist responses to patriarchal religion examines selected works by Mary Daly, Ti‐Grace Atkinson, and Sally Gearhart. Specifically, we identify radical feminist anti‐religious rhetoric as deriving from what Harrell and Linkugel (1980) call organizing principles found in recurring situations that generate discourse characterized by a family of common factors (p. 406). We selected works that can be explored under the “motivational classification.”","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132791499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372894
R. Hopper, W. Thomason, J. Ward
Questions are discourse forms that lead to structured short‐term outcomes/constrained responsive answers. The present essay describes one routine component of telephone calls to the Cancer Information Service, a moment at which CIS information specialists, for purposes of program evaluation, ask callers a series of demographic questions. These demographic questions permit few options. We discuss outcomes of these questions in terms of (1) delivering health care inforamtion, and (2) describing types of qulestions and answers in conversational interactions.
{"title":"Demographic questions in telephone calls to a cancer information service","authors":"R. Hopper, W. Thomason, J. Ward","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372894","url":null,"abstract":"Questions are discourse forms that lead to structured short‐term outcomes/constrained responsive answers. The present essay describes one routine component of telephone calls to the Cancer Information Service, a moment at which CIS information specialists, for purposes of program evaluation, ask callers a series of demographic questions. These demographic questions permit few options. We discuss outcomes of these questions in terms of (1) delivering health care inforamtion, and (2) describing types of qulestions and answers in conversational interactions.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121907522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372895
H. Waitzkin
Quantitative and qualitative methods of analyzing discourse, while producing some pertinent findings, suffer from a number of limitations. Such limitations have become apparent in studies of doctor‐patient communication but also manifest themselves in research on other forms of spoken, interpersonal communication. Quantitative methods alone do not deal with complexities of discourse, usually are not helpful in analyzing the social context in which discourse arises, do not clarify underlying themes and structures, and are costly and tedious to use. With qualitative methods, the selection of discourse for analysis is not straightforward, quality of interpretation is difficult to evaluate, and textual presentation is not clear‐cut. Several criteria of an appropriate method offer reasonable compromises in dealing with these limitations: a) discourse should be selected through a sampling procedure, preferably a randomized technique; b) recordings of sampled discourse should be available for review by other obs...
{"title":"Interpretive analysis of spoken discourse: Dealing with the limitations of quantitative and qualitative methods","authors":"H. Waitzkin","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372895","url":null,"abstract":"Quantitative and qualitative methods of analyzing discourse, while producing some pertinent findings, suffer from a number of limitations. Such limitations have become apparent in studies of doctor‐patient communication but also manifest themselves in research on other forms of spoken, interpersonal communication. Quantitative methods alone do not deal with complexities of discourse, usually are not helpful in analyzing the social context in which discourse arises, do not clarify underlying themes and structures, and are costly and tedious to use. With qualitative methods, the selection of discourse for analysis is not straightforward, quality of interpretation is difficult to evaluate, and textual presentation is not clear‐cut. Several criteria of an appropriate method offer reasonable compromises in dealing with these limitations: a) discourse should be selected through a sampling procedure, preferably a randomized technique; b) recordings of sampled discourse should be available for review by other obs...","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"214 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115976459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372892
W. Stiles
The seemingly obvious path to evaluating interaction process components via their correlations with measures of the interaction's outcomes is blocked. Process‐outcome correlations can be positive, negative, or null for reasons that have nothing to do with the process component's efficacy or importance. Describing the interaction's structure and dynamic prosperities is a more promising, though less direct, alternative route.
{"title":"The process‐outcome correlation problem and the uses of verbal interaction process coding","authors":"W. Stiles","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372892","url":null,"abstract":"The seemingly obvious path to evaluating interaction process components via their correlations with measures of the interaction's outcomes is blocked. Process‐outcome correlations can be positive, negative, or null for reasons that have nothing to do with the process component's efficacy or importance. Describing the interaction's structure and dynamic prosperities is a more promising, though less direct, alternative route.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126658547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372896
K. Witte
While many scholars “know” a fear appeal when they hear one, few can define exactly what causes a message to be categorized as a fear appeal. This lack of specificity in operationalizations of fear appeals may have contributed to the diverse empirical literature. This essay attempts to identify the methodological and conceptual confounds in the literature. First, the structural, style, and extra‐message features of fear appeals are defined. Then, study design issues are discussed. Finally, the empirical literature is analyzed. Recommendations are offered for those conducting research.
{"title":"Message and conceptual confounds in fear appeals: The role of threat, fear, and efficacy","authors":"K. Witte","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372896","url":null,"abstract":"While many scholars “know” a fear appeal when they hear one, few can define exactly what causes a message to be categorized as a fear appeal. This lack of specificity in operationalizations of fear appeals may have contributed to the diverse empirical literature. This essay attempts to identify the methodological and conceptual confounds in the literature. First, the structural, style, and extra‐message features of fear appeals are defined. Then, study design issues are discussed. Finally, the empirical literature is analyzed. Recommendations are offered for those conducting research.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125464418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1993-03-01DOI: 10.1080/10417949309372891
R. Street
One of the most popular traditions in communication research is the study of “message effects,” the impact of particular message features on a recipient's evaluative, perceptual, and behavioral response to the message. However, this research is not without its limitations. This essay examines several problems created by questionable assumptions frequently embraced by researchers. Several solutions to these problems are offered.
{"title":"Analyzing messages and their outcomes: Questionable assumptions, possible solutions","authors":"R. Street","doi":"10.1080/10417949309372891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10417949309372891","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most popular traditions in communication research is the study of “message effects,” the impact of particular message features on a recipient's evaluative, perceptual, and behavioral response to the message. However, this research is not without its limitations. This essay examines several problems created by questionable assumptions frequently embraced by researchers. Several solutions to these problems are offered.","PeriodicalId":212800,"journal":{"name":"Southern Journal of Communication","volume":"65 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133140444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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