Pub Date : 2024-11-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106711
Kurt Elvegård
A critical component of ensuring safe workplaces is training in preventing and managing violent behavior. This article examines the institutional logics underpinning such training programs, investigating their design, rationale, and impact on everyday practices within human services. Despite extensive research on the content, effects, and experiences of these training programs, there is a notable gap in understanding the rationale behind their development. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring why violence prevention and management training is structured as it is and how institutional logics affect training and practice. This research identifies seven institutional logics that shape these programs through an in-depth qualitative analysis of three Norwegian human service training programs – encompassing mental health care, child welfare services, and Norway’s national welfare agency. Some of the logics are complementary. Others are incompatible, leading to significant practical implications. Data collection included qualitative document analysis and interviews with representatives from the training communities. The study contributes to a better understanding of the factors influencing the training program design and influence, not the least, by underscoring their duality as measures of improving service delivery and ensuring safe working conditions.
{"title":"Why train? Compatible and incompatible institutional logics in violence prevention and management training","authors":"Kurt Elvegård","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106711","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106711","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A critical component of ensuring safe workplaces is training in preventing and managing violent behavior. This article examines the institutional logics underpinning such training programs, investigating their design, rationale, and impact on everyday practices within human services. Despite extensive research on the content, effects, and experiences of these training programs, there is a notable gap in understanding the rationale behind their development. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring why violence prevention and management training is structured as it is and how institutional logics affect training and practice. This research identifies seven institutional logics that shape these programs through an in-depth qualitative analysis of three Norwegian human service training programs – encompassing mental health care, child welfare services, and Norway’s national welfare agency. Some of the logics are complementary. Others are incompatible, leading to significant practical implications. Data collection included qualitative document analysis and interviews with representatives from the training communities. The study contributes to a better understanding of the factors influencing the training program design and influence, not the least, by underscoring their duality as measures of improving service delivery and ensuring safe working conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106711"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106705
Yewei Ouyang, Xiaowei Luo
Effects of physical fatigue on construction safety have been widely investigated, but it fails to examine the effects when physical fatigue is combined with adverse environmental conditions. This study investigated the combined effects of physical fatigue and high temperatures on workers’ safety-related cognitive performances, including mental workload, mental fatigue, and attention. A within-subject (n = 20) experiment was designed, where subjects suffered non-fatigued and three fatigued (low, medium, and high levels) conditions, both in normothermic and hyperthermic conditions. Their cognitions were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) device while performing cognitive tasks. It indicates that physical fatigue significantly impaired cognitive performances; when the heat was superimposed on physical fatigue, the negative effects of physical fatigue on cognition were magnified; the cognitive impairments would further undermine task performance. The findings would help expand the understanding of the effects of physical fatigue on construction safety, and also provide a theoretical basis for implementing safety management measures in job sites with heat exposure.
{"title":"Effects of physical fatigue superimposed on high temperatures on construction workers’ cognitive performance","authors":"Yewei Ouyang, Xiaowei Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effects of physical fatigue on construction safety have been widely investigated, but it fails to examine the effects when physical fatigue is combined with adverse environmental conditions. This study investigated the combined effects of physical fatigue and high temperatures on workers’ safety-related cognitive performances, including mental workload, mental fatigue, and attention. A within-subject (n = 20) experiment was designed, where subjects suffered non-fatigued and three fatigued (low, medium, and high levels) conditions, both in normothermic and hyperthermic conditions. Their cognitions were recorded using an electroencephalogram (EEG) device while performing cognitive tasks. It indicates that physical fatigue significantly impaired cognitive performances; when the heat was superimposed on physical fatigue, the negative effects of physical fatigue on cognition were magnified; the cognitive impairments would further undermine task performance. The findings would help expand the understanding of the effects of physical fatigue on construction safety, and also provide a theoretical basis for implementing safety management measures in job sites with heat exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106705"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106707
Verity Truelove , Michelle Nicolls , Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
There is a plethora of technology currently available that have the ability to notify individuals of traffic enforcement locations while they are driving. This technology has the potential to undermine legal deterrent efforts for preventing risky driving behaviours. However, drivers’ experiences using this technology and the trajectories through which this might interfere with deterrence for road rule violations are largely unexplored areas. As such, the present study aimed to explore two research questions: 1) what type of technology is used and how is it used, and 2) how does drivers’ use of this technology influence deterrence for road rule violations. In total, 58 Queensland licenced drivers who use technology that informs them of legal enforcement while driving participated in focus groups. To consider differences in use between ages, the sessions were conducted in three different age groups: 17–25 years, 26–49 years, and 50+ years. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to the data, resulting in eight recognised themes. The findings highlighted that for most drivers, the primary purpose of using the technology was for navigation, while being notified of enforcement locations was a secondary purpose. In addition, the use of this technology encouraged road rule compliance for some yet was used as a strategy to avoid being caught for road rule violations for others. The findings have a number of practical and theoretical implications, demonstrating the complex interplay between technology used for enforcement notifications, its role in deterring road rule violations, and the principles of responsible innovation.
{"title":"“I probably feel slightly more invincible”: The impact of technology that discloses enforcement locations on drivers’ behaviours","authors":"Verity Truelove , Michelle Nicolls , Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a plethora of technology currently available that have the ability to notify individuals of traffic enforcement locations while they are driving. This technology has the potential to undermine legal deterrent efforts for preventing risky driving behaviours. However, drivers’ experiences using this technology and the trajectories through which this might interfere with deterrence for road rule violations are largely unexplored areas. As such, the present study aimed to explore two research questions: 1) what type of technology is used and how is it used, and 2) how does drivers’ use of this technology influence deterrence for road rule violations. In total, 58 Queensland licenced drivers who use technology that informs them of legal enforcement while driving participated in focus groups. To consider differences in use between ages, the sessions were conducted in three different age groups: 17–25 years, 26–49 years, and 50+ years. Reflexive thematic analysis was applied to the data, resulting in eight recognised themes. The findings highlighted that for most drivers, the primary purpose of using the technology was for navigation, while being notified of enforcement locations was a secondary purpose. In addition, the use of this technology encouraged road rule compliance for some yet was used as a strategy to avoid being caught for road rule violations for others. The findings have a number of practical and theoretical implications, demonstrating the complex interplay between technology used for enforcement notifications, its role in deterring road rule violations, and the principles of responsible innovation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106707"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-31DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106704
Lisheng Jin , Xingchen Liu , Baicang Guo , Zhuotong Han , Yinlin Wang , Yuan Cao , Xiao Yang , Jian Shi
The transition towards fully automated driving necessitates human intervention in specific scenarios, making it crucial to understand the factors influencing driver takeover performance. This meta-analysis systematically reviews 37 studies selected from an initial pool of 1945, focusing on the impact of non-driving related task (NDRT) types, takeover request (TOR) modalities, and levels of automated driving (LAD) on driver response and vehicle control during takeover events. The findings reveal that engagement in multiple NDRTs significantly delays driver response times and degrades control over vehicle dynamics, particularly in critical lateral and longitudinal maneuvers. Furthermore, multimodal TORs are more effective in eliciting timely and accurate driver responses compared to unimodal TORs, which often result in suboptimal performance. Additionally, manual driving (L0) improves emergency response but comes with a higher driving workload compared to conditional automated driving (L3) takeovers. These insights underscore the need for optimized TOR strategies and the development of advanced multimodal systems to enhance driver readiness and safety in automated driving environments.
在向全自动驾驶过渡的过程中，人类有必要在特定场景中进行干预，因此了解影响驾驶员接管性能的因素至关重要。本荟萃分析系统回顾了从最初的 1945 项研究中筛选出的 37 项研究，重点研究了非驾驶相关任务（NDRT）类型、接管请求（TOR）模式和自动驾驶水平（LAD）对接管事件中驾驶员响应和车辆控制的影响。研究结果表明，参与多种 NDRT 会显著延迟驾驶员的响应时间，并降低对车辆动态的控制，尤其是在关键的横向和纵向机动中。此外，与单模态 TOR 相比，多模态 TOR 能更有效地激发驾驶员做出及时、准确的反应，而单模态 TOR 通常会导致驾驶员表现不佳。此外，与有条件的自动驾驶（L3）接管相比，手动驾驶（L0）提高了应急响应能力，但也带来了更高的驾驶工作量。这些见解强调了优化 TOR 策略和开发先进多模态系统的必要性，以提高驾驶员在自动驾驶环境中的准备程度和安全性。
{"title":"Impact of non-driving related task types, request modalities, and automation on driver takeover: A meta-analysis","authors":"Lisheng Jin , Xingchen Liu , Baicang Guo , Zhuotong Han , Yinlin Wang , Yuan Cao , Xiao Yang , Jian Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition towards fully automated driving necessitates human intervention in specific scenarios, making it crucial to understand the factors influencing driver takeover performance. This meta-analysis systematically reviews 37 studies selected from an initial pool of 1945, focusing on the impact of non-driving related task (NDRT) types, takeover request (TOR) modalities, and levels of automated driving (LAD) on driver response and vehicle control during takeover events. The findings reveal that engagement in multiple NDRTs significantly delays driver response times and degrades control over vehicle dynamics, particularly in critical lateral and longitudinal maneuvers. Furthermore, multimodal TORs are more effective in eliciting timely and accurate driver responses compared to unimodal TORs, which often result in suboptimal performance. Additionally, manual driving (L0) improves emergency response but comes with a higher driving workload compared to conditional automated driving (L3) takeovers. These insights underscore the need for optimized TOR strategies and the development of advanced multimodal systems to enhance driver readiness and safety in automated driving environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106704"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142561026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106699
Xinru Chang, Song Guo, Dianxiang Zhou, Zhengwen Dong
During the storage process of solid rocket motors (SRM), unintentional operations may lead to uncontrolled internal propellant combustion, which threatens to adjacent rocket motors and results in catastrophic outcomes. Consequently, the safety of storing SRM is a critical concern. In this paper, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method is applied. The structure and flow parameters of the flow field are obtained using the Naiver-Stokes (N-S) control equations, the Realizable k-epsilon turbulence model, and the finite rate model. We investigate the hazardous properties of a standard storage compartment equipped with an exhaust cover and spray system in the event of an accidental jet fire. Furthermore, the safety parameters of the storage compartment are examined. The results showed that the jet flame was initially directed at the side walls, spread to the upper part, and propagated throughout the storage compartment. Using the response times and thresholds of the temperature and pressure sensors, the study determined the optimal activation time for the pressure relief port and water spray system to be 0.4 s and 0.1 s, corresponding to a spray intensity of 0.5 kg/s. The synergistic effects of the pressure relief exhaust cover and spray mechanisms could quickly reduce the temperature of the compartment below the critical threshold of 500 K, thereby preventing thermal hazards associated with propellant combustion within 10 s. The optimal location and time of entry into the storage compartment are determined based on monitoring the mass fraction of gases in the compartment while maintaining temperature and pressure safety limits. The results will provide theoretical foundations for improving secure memory design practices on SRM.
{"title":"Numerical simulation on the compartment safety of solid propellant storage under accidental jet fire","authors":"Xinru Chang, Song Guo, Dianxiang Zhou, Zhengwen Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the storage process of solid rocket motors (SRM), unintentional operations may lead to uncontrolled internal propellant combustion, which threatens to adjacent rocket motors and results in catastrophic outcomes. Consequently, the safety of storing SRM is a critical concern. In this paper, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation method is applied. The structure and flow parameters of the flow field are obtained using the Naiver-Stokes (N-S) control equations, the Realizable k-epsilon turbulence model, and the finite rate model. We investigate the hazardous properties of a standard storage compartment equipped with an exhaust cover and spray system in the event of an accidental jet fire. Furthermore, the safety parameters of the storage compartment are examined. The results showed that the jet flame was initially directed at the side walls, spread to the upper part, and propagated throughout the storage compartment. Using the response times and thresholds of the temperature and pressure sensors, the study determined the optimal activation time for the pressure relief port and water spray system to be 0.4 s and 0.1 s, corresponding to a spray intensity of 0.5 kg/s. The synergistic effects of the pressure relief exhaust cover and spray mechanisms could quickly reduce the temperature of the compartment below the critical threshold of 500 K, thereby preventing thermal hazards associated with propellant combustion within 10 s. The optimal location and time of entry into the storage compartment are determined based on monitoring the mass fraction of gases in the compartment while maintaining temperature and pressure safety limits. The results will provide theoretical foundations for improving secure memory design practices on SRM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106699"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106701
Giuseppa Ancione, Maria Francesca Milazzo
The most significant dangers, associated with equipment for handling/lifting loads in industrial contexts, maintenance activities and intermodal transport, are overturns, collapses and load falls. Accidents have a significant potential for injury, death and damage especially in major hazard industries due the potential release of hazardous substances. The literature review shows a lack of data to be used in performing complete risk assessments in sectors where the use of cranes could increase the risk due to the plant operability. The aim of this study is to fill this gap. The analysis of the accident and near-miss reports and the construction of a database have been the starting point of this work. The definition of the correlation accident-cause, by means of the development of bowtie analyses, supports in calculating the accidental rates and in understanding the main improvements to reduce the number of the undesired events, and to support the risk management. Focusing on major accident hazards, the top events have been identified and the bowties have been developed. By using the dataset, quantitative bowties have been provided to the risk analyst for several contexts. A case-study, which is a facility inside a refinery, has been used to quantify the effect due to crane activity inside the establishment in term of frequencies. Data processing is subject to uncertainties of various kinds, linked to technological change, the greater or lesser complexity of regulations and compliance with them. The results have been validated by using a similar dataset.
{"title":"Identifying risk factors in handing and lifting loads by the analysis of near-miss and accident reports","authors":"Giuseppa Ancione, Maria Francesca Milazzo","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most significant dangers, associated with equipment for handling/lifting loads in industrial contexts, maintenance activities and intermodal transport, are overturns, collapses and load falls. Accidents have a significant potential for injury, death and damage especially in major hazard industries due the potential release of hazardous substances. The literature review shows a lack of data to be used in performing complete risk assessments in sectors where the use of cranes could increase the risk due to the plant operability. The aim of this study is to fill this gap. The analysis of the accident and near-miss reports and the construction of a database have been the starting point of this work. The definition of the correlation accident-cause, by means of the development of bowtie analyses, supports in calculating the accidental rates and in understanding the main improvements to reduce the number of the undesired events, and to support the risk management. Focusing on major accident hazards, the top events have been identified and the bowties have been developed. By using the dataset, quantitative bowties have been provided to the risk analyst for several contexts. A case-study, which is a facility inside a refinery, has been used to quantify the effect due to crane activity inside the establishment in term of frequencies. Data processing is subject to uncertainties of various kinds, linked to technological change, the greater or lesser complexity of regulations and compliance with them. The results have been validated by using a similar dataset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106701"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142537580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106706
Joanne M. Bennett , Thomas B. McGuckian , Nathan Healy , Nikki Lam , Ralph Lucas , Kathleen Palmer , Robert G. Crowther , David A. Greene , Peter Wilson , Jonathan Duckworth
Pedestrians are a particularly vulnerable road user due to their lack of protection in the event of a crash, which makes safe road-crossing imperative. Current research on pedestrian hazard perception behaviour is limited because street-crossing tasks have not been developed using established procedures. The current study aimed to apply established driver hazard perception principles to the development of a virtual-reality pedestrian street-crossing task (VR-PSCT) which assessed hazard perception and gap acceptance separately. Un-staged street-crossing scenarios (including 36 hazard perception and 41 gap acceptance clips) were filmed at average child and adult heights using 360-degree video cameras at 24 locations across Sydney and Melbourne suburbs. Using established test creation procedures, 16 hazard perception and 17 gap acceptance clips were tested with 76 participants: 32 children (M = 9.48, SD = 1.31, 75.2 % male) and 44 adults (M = 23.45, SD = 3.46, 48 % male). Analysis of performance resulted in the removal of another nine clips, resulting in a final VR-PSCT comprising 13 hazard perception and 11 gap acceptance clips. Adults responded more often within the designated hazard and gap windows, had significantly faster response times, and accurately identified hazards more often than children. This indicates that a comparison between adults and children is a useful metric for determining clip inclusion in pedestrian tasks and provides support for the VR-PSCT being an appropriate assessment of two key pedestrian street-crossing behaviours that can be used in future research on pedestrian road safety.
{"title":"Development of a virtual reality pedestrian street-crossing task: The examination of hazard perception and gap acceptance","authors":"Joanne M. Bennett , Thomas B. McGuckian , Nathan Healy , Nikki Lam , Ralph Lucas , Kathleen Palmer , Robert G. Crowther , David A. Greene , Peter Wilson , Jonathan Duckworth","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pedestrians are a particularly vulnerable road user due to their lack of protection in the event of a crash, which makes safe road-crossing imperative. Current research on pedestrian hazard perception behaviour is limited because street-crossing tasks have not been developed using established procedures. The current study aimed to apply established driver hazard perception principles to the development of a virtual-reality pedestrian street-crossing task (VR-PSCT) which assessed hazard perception and gap acceptance separately. Un-staged street-crossing scenarios (including 36 hazard perception and 41 gap acceptance clips) were filmed at average child and adult heights using 360-degree video cameras at 24 locations across Sydney and Melbourne suburbs. Using established test creation procedures, 16 hazard perception and 17 gap acceptance clips were tested with 76 participants: 32 children (<em>M</em> = 9.48, <em>SD</em> = 1.31, 75.2 % male) and 44 adults (<em>M</em> = 23.45, <em>SD</em> = 3.46, 48 % male). Analysis of performance resulted in the removal of another nine clips, resulting in a final VR-PSCT comprising 13 hazard perception and 11 gap acceptance clips. Adults responded more often within the designated hazard and gap windows, had significantly faster response times, and accurately identified hazards more often than children. This indicates that a comparison between adults and children is a useful metric for determining clip inclusion in pedestrian tasks and provides support for the VR-PSCT being an appropriate assessment of two key pedestrian street-crossing behaviours that can be used in future research on pedestrian road safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106706"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106686
Kaylie Lau , Geoff Fernie , Atena Roshan Fekr
Slips and falls on ice are among the common causes of emergency department visits and hospitalizations during the winter season. These injuries are costly and can place a financial burden on healthcare systems and municipalities. Using slip resistant winter footwear is a key factor in reducing the risk of slips and eventually falls. In this study, we developed an Artificial Intelligence model that classifies high and low slip resistant footwear based on images of their outsoles. Our model was trained on a unique dataset which consisted of images of 266 winter footwear outsoles. This dataset included footwear outsoles made from rubber (n = 89), Arctic Grip (n = 101), and Green Diamond material (n = 76). The slip resistance of all footwear samples was tested and rated with a human-centered protocol called the Maximum Achievable Angle test. We applied a transfer learning technique to develop a 2D convolutional neural network to classify the outsoles as having high and low slip resistance. The best classification model used the Xception pre-trained model and obtained an accuracy and F1-score of 0.85 and 0.89, respectively. The AUC-ROC (Area Under the Curve for Receiver Operating Characteristic) was also 0.91. Our results suggest that the proposed model properly identified high and low slip resistant winter footwear outsoles. Our findings also confirmed that the footwear’s outsole tread pattern and material directly impact the footwear’s slip resistance quality. The proposed model will help footwear manufacturers to improve their workflow and increase product quality which can ultimately decrease the events of slips and falls.
{"title":"Estimating the slip resistant quality of winter footwear using Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Kaylie Lau , Geoff Fernie , Atena Roshan Fekr","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Slips and falls on ice are among the common causes of emergency department visits and hospitalizations during the winter season. These injuries are costly and can place a financial burden on healthcare systems and municipalities. Using slip resistant winter footwear is a key factor in reducing the risk of slips and eventually falls. In this study, we developed an Artificial Intelligence model that classifies high and low slip resistant footwear based on images of their outsoles. Our model was trained on a unique dataset which consisted of images of 266 winter footwear outsoles. This dataset included footwear outsoles made from rubber (n = 89), Arctic Grip (n = 101), and Green Diamond material (n = 76). The slip resistance of all footwear samples was tested and rated with a human-centered protocol called the Maximum Achievable Angle test. We applied a transfer learning technique to develop a 2D convolutional neural network to classify the outsoles as having high and low slip resistance. The best classification model used the Xception pre-trained model and obtained an accuracy and F1-score of 0.85 and 0.89, respectively. The AUC-ROC (Area Under the Curve for Receiver Operating Characteristic) was also 0.91. Our results suggest that the proposed model properly identified high and low slip resistant winter footwear outsoles. Our findings also confirmed that the footwear’s outsole tread pattern and material directly impact the footwear’s slip resistance quality. The proposed model will help footwear manufacturers to improve their workflow and increase product quality which can ultimately decrease the events of slips and falls.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106686"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106703
Zechen Guan , Don Amila Sajeevan Samarasinghe , Tak Wing Yiu , Ian Laird , Ravi Reddy
Over the past decade, existing research has investigated various solutions to enhance safety management on construction sites. Among the many solutions, developing a web-based safety platform has increasingly become a key element in safety improvement strategies. International research shows that safety management platforms improve migrant workers’ safety, but evidence for such interventions in New Zealand, especially for Chinese migrant construction workers, remains limited. This study built a web prototype catering to Chinese migrant construction workers in New Zealand. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews, and the effectiveness of the novel web prototype was validated based on respondents’ feedback. Results show that this safety web prototype can effectively improve the safety knowledge and safety awareness of Chinese migrant construction workers by providing local safety policies and conducting multi-frequency long-term safety training tests. The incentive function in this web prototype can motivate Chinese migrant construction workers to use this application and enhance their safety compliance. The limitations of this research include geographical restrictions and a small sample size to evaluate the effectiveness of the prototype. Future research should incorporate a larger, cross-sectional sample to assess the effectiveness of web-based safety awareness solutions, enabling more generalizable conclusions for construction workers of diverse nationalities and regions.
{"title":"A web-based safety management platform to enhance safety for Chinese migrant construction workers","authors":"Zechen Guan , Don Amila Sajeevan Samarasinghe , Tak Wing Yiu , Ian Laird , Ravi Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past decade, existing research has investigated various solutions to enhance safety management on construction sites. Among the many solutions, developing a web-based safety platform has increasingly become a key element in safety improvement strategies. International research shows that safety management platforms improve migrant workers’ safety, but evidence for such interventions in New Zealand, especially for Chinese migrant construction workers, remains limited. This study built a web prototype catering to Chinese migrant construction workers in New Zealand. The data collection method was semi-structured interviews, and the effectiveness of the novel web prototype was validated based on respondents’ feedback. Results show that this safety web prototype can effectively improve the safety knowledge and safety awareness of Chinese migrant construction workers by providing local safety policies and conducting multi-frequency long-term safety training tests. The incentive function in this web prototype can motivate Chinese migrant construction workers to use this application and enhance their safety compliance. The limitations of this research include geographical restrictions and a small sample size to evaluate the effectiveness of the prototype. Future research should incorporate a larger, cross-sectional sample to assess the effectiveness of web-based safety awareness solutions, enabling more generalizable conclusions for construction workers of diverse nationalities and regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106703"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106702
Pauline Roos , Typhaine M. Juvet , Sandrine Corbaz-Kurth , Lamyae Benzakour , Sara Cereghetti , Claude-Alexandre Fournier , Gregory Moullec , Alice Nguyen , Jean-Claude Suard , Laure Vieux , Hannah Wozniak , Jacques A. Pralong , Rafaël Weissbrodt
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a major source of stress for health professionals and health institutions. In response, healthcare workers adapted their behaviours to protect their health and the organisational resilience of their institutions. The study aimed to explore these individual coping and organisational resilience strategies and their evolution during the first year of the pandemic. Based on a mixed and longitudinal protocol, the study included staff from several French-speaking Swiss healthcare institutions. Participants completed an online questionnaire three times during the first year of the pandemic. They described daily problematic work situations, coping styles, and organisational resilience strategies. ‘Problem solving’ was the most frequently reported coping style, followed by ‘positive thinking’, and in a lesser extent ‘seeking social support’ and ‘avoidance’. A high level of ‘problem solving’ and ‘positive thinking’ was associated with well-managed situations, learning and development of new work practices and higher team performance. A higher level of ‘seeking social support’ and ‘avoidance’ tended to be associated with high-risk problematic situations that hindered organisation resilience. Coping strategies differed depending on profession, job tenure and hierarchical status. The article concludes with recommendations for improving both organisational resilience and individual workers’ well-being in healthcare institutions.
{"title":"Protecting oneself while supporting the organisation: A longitudinal exploratory study of healthcare workers’ coping strategies and organisational resilience processes in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Pauline Roos , Typhaine M. Juvet , Sandrine Corbaz-Kurth , Lamyae Benzakour , Sara Cereghetti , Claude-Alexandre Fournier , Gregory Moullec , Alice Nguyen , Jean-Claude Suard , Laure Vieux , Hannah Wozniak , Jacques A. Pralong , Rafaël Weissbrodt","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has been a major source of stress for health professionals and health institutions. In response, healthcare workers adapted their behaviours to protect their health and the organisational resilience of their institutions. The study aimed to explore these individual coping and organisational resilience strategies and their evolution during the first year of the pandemic. Based on a mixed and longitudinal protocol, the study included staff from several French-speaking Swiss healthcare institutions. Participants completed an online questionnaire three times during the first year of the pandemic. They described daily problematic work situations, coping styles, and organisational resilience strategies. ‘Problem solving’ was the most frequently reported coping style, followed by ‘positive thinking’, and in a lesser extent ‘seeking social support’ and ‘avoidance’. A high level of ‘problem solving’ and ‘positive thinking’ was associated with well-managed situations, learning and development of new work practices and higher team performance. A higher level of ‘seeking social support’ and ‘avoidance’ tended to be associated with high-risk problematic situations that hindered organisation resilience. Coping strategies differed depending on profession, job tenure and hierarchical status. The article concludes with recommendations for improving both organisational resilience and individual workers’ well-being in healthcare institutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106702"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142529251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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