Safety Science最新文献_第6页

Management priority to psychological health and safety, psychological detachment, and insomnia: A three-wave longitudinal study 心理健康与安全、心理疏离与失眠：一项三波纵向研究

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107076

Randi Hovden Borge , Live Bakke Finne , Sana Parveen , Morten Birkeland Nielsen

Restorative sleep is crucial for human functioning, and organizations have both incentive and responsibility for preventing and mitigating work-related sleep problems. This study addresses the need to better understand the interplay between management priority to psychological health and safety at work, a core component of an organization’s psychosocial safety climate, and employees’ recovery experiences off work. Using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM), we examined forward and reverse associations between employees’ perceptions of management priority to psychological health and safety, psychological detachment, and insomnia, differentiating between stable differences at the between-person level and temporal changes at the within-person level. Data came from a three-wave longitudinal survey conducted among child welfare workers in Norway (N = 944), with a six-month interval between survey waves. Results at the between-person level indicated that individuals who experienced more insomnia in general, tended to also experience less management priority to psychological health and safety and psychological detachment in general. Results at the within-person level indicated statistically significant spillover effects from management priority to psychological detachment and from psychological detachment to insomnia. The spillover effect from management priority to insomnia was moderate but not statistically significant. Results did not indicate any statistically significant reverse effects from insomnia to the other constructs. In sum, our findings suggest it may be easier to mentally disengage from work if you experience that the organization prioritizes psychological health and safety of employees, and that this may be important for later sleep quantity and quality.

恢复性睡眠对人体功能至关重要，组织有动机也有责任预防和减轻与工作有关的睡眠问题。本研究旨在更好地理解管理对工作中心理健康和安全的优先考虑（一个组织的心理社会安全气候的核心组成部分）与员工下班后的康复体验之间的相互作用。采用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型（RI-CLPM），研究了员工对管理优先级心理健康和安全、心理疏离和失眠的感知之间的正向和反向关联，并区分了人与人之间的稳定差异和人与人之间的时间变化。数据来自对挪威儿童福利工作者（N = 944）进行的三波纵向调查，每波调查间隔六个月。人与人之间水平的结果表明，总体上失眠较多的个体，往往对心理健康和安全的管理优先度也较低，心理疏离也较低。结果表明，从管理优先到心理超然，从心理超然到失眠，在个人层面上有统计学上显著的溢出效应。管理优先对失眠的溢出效应中等，但无统计学意义。结果没有显示任何统计学上显著的从失眠到其他构念的反向效应。总而言之，我们的研究结果表明，如果你体验到组织优先考虑员工的心理健康和安全，那么你可能更容易在精神上脱离工作，这可能对以后的睡眠数量和质量很重要。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the impact of rider-only escalator etiquette using agent-based modelling 使用基于代理的模型评估仅限乘客的自动扶梯礼仪的影响

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107064

Lazaros FILIPPIDIS (Λάζαρος Φιλιππίδης), Steve M.V. Gwynne, Peter J. Lawrence, Edwin R. Galea

Escalator etiquette, especially during peak demand periods, influences congestion, flow, throughput, and safety across a variety of public infrastructures. Often, escalator etiquette dictates standing on one side and walking on the other (e.g., Stand on the Right and Walk on the Left, in the UK). Several studies suggest that when passengers stand on both sides, on an ascending escalator, increases both throughput and safety. This work examines when a rider-only etiquette is beneficial, using the buildingEXODUS agent-based model to simulate escalator use and egress from an underground station. The study evaluates the impact of escalator etiquette on a tall escalator (24 m) under varying demand conditions in terms of throughput, crowding, individual and station performance. Simulation results are compared against the Holborn Pilot study conducted within the London Underground metro system to support the credibility of the insights provided. The findings indicate that at demand levels producing congestion at or beyond 1.0 p/m² at the base of the escalator, a rider-only strategy offers clear benefits: increased escalator throughput (by 38.9 % at 4 p/m²), decreased station and per-person egress times (by 66.77 % at 4p/m², and 26.5 % at 4 p/m², respectively), and reduced exposure to congestion for the entire population (by 15.8–74.2 % across all conditions) and per person (by 15.7–74.4 % across all conditions). These results demonstrate that simulation tools can provide insights that are difficult to obtain from live trials and can support operators in improving a station’s throughput and safety.

自动扶梯礼仪，特别是在高峰需求期间，会影响各种公共基础设施的拥堵、流量、吞吐量和安全。通常，扶梯礼仪要求一边站，另一边走（例如，在英国，站在右边，走在左边）。几项研究表明，在上升的自动扶梯上，当乘客站在两侧时，既增加了吞吐量，也增加了安全性。这项工作考察了什么时候乘客专用礼仪是有益的，使用基于建筑exodus代理的模型来模拟自动扶梯的使用和地铁站的出口。该研究评估了在不同需求条件下，自动扶梯礼仪对高自动扶梯（24米）的影响，包括吞吐量、拥挤程度、个人和车站性能。模拟结果与在伦敦地铁系统内进行的霍尔本试点研究进行了比较，以支持所提供见解的可信度。研究结果表明，在自动扶梯底部产生拥堵的需求水平达到或超过1.0 p/m2时，乘客专用策略提供了明显的好处：增加了自动扶梯吞吐量（在4p/m2时增加38.9%），减少了车站和人均出口时间（在4p/m2时分别减少66.77%和26.5%），并减少了整个人口（在所有条件下减少15.8% - 74.2%）和每人（在所有条件下减少15.7% - 74.4%）的拥堵暴露。这些结果表明，模拟工具可以提供难以从现场试验中获得的见解，并可以支持运营商提高车站的吞吐量和安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Preservation orientation to safety: linking protectionist managerial motives to worker attitudes and behaviors 对安全的保护取向：将保护主义的管理动机与工人的态度和行为联系起来

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107075

Matthew A. Douglas , Jessica L. Ford , Heavenlei Thomas

Scholars argue that workplace safety is a fundamental human right, emphasizing the ethical responsibility of managers and workers to ensure workplace safety. In this light, business ethics research is well suited to illuminate patterns across values and practices to better inform organizations in managing workplace safety. Drawing from managerial approaches to ethics and compliance, this research evaluates a novel measure, preservation orientation, designed to capture workers’ perceptions of the underlying motives for organizational safety practices and programs. Specifically, a preservation orientation refers to workers perceiving safety programs and initiatives as reflecting management’s insincere approach to safety, where safety measures are primarily a means of protection against liability. Six scale development and validation studies (N = 1,454) revealed a reliable and valid construct that had varying effects on worker perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors. This research offers several implications for evaluating and improving safety program effectiveness. Of primary concern is a need for researchers and managers to understand how workers truly perceive the organization’s posture toward organizational safety programs and practices. The consequence of a preservation orientation toward safety is that workers’ perceptions of safety-related attitudes, behaviors, and psychological safety may be negatively impacted. The preservation orientation scale could be used in conjunction with other assessments, such as safety climate assessments and organizational compliance audits, to help managers maintain or improve safety in their organizations by aligning values and practice.

学者们认为，工作场所安全是一项基本人权，强调管理者和工人在确保工作场所安全方面的道德责任。从这个角度来看，商业道德研究非常适合阐明跨价值观和实践的模式，以更好地为组织管理工作场所安全提供信息。从道德和合规的管理方法中，本研究评估了一种新的措施，即保护取向，旨在捕捉工人对组织安全实践和计划的潜在动机的看法。具体来说，保护导向是指工人认为安全计划和倡议反映了管理层对安全的不真诚态度，其中安全措施主要是防止责任的一种手段。六项量表开发和验证研究（N = 1454）揭示了一个可靠和有效的结构，对工人的看法、态度和行为有不同的影响。这项研究为评估和提高安全计划的有效性提供了一些启示。研究人员和管理人员最关心的是，他们需要了解员工如何真正理解组织对组织安全计划和实践的态度。对安全的保护取向的结果是，工人对安全相关的态度、行为和心理安全的看法可能会受到负面影响。保存取向量表可以与其他评估结合使用，例如安全气候评估和组织合规审计，以帮助管理人员通过调整价值观和实践来维护或改善组织中的安全。

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引用次数: 0

The good, the bad, and the lost: a meta-analysis of rail signal passed at danger incident investigations using AcciMaps and systems thinking 好的、坏的和丢失的：使用AcciMaps和系统思维对危险事件调查中传递的铁路信号的元分析

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107054

Anjum Naweed , Teal Evans , Gemma J.M. Read , Paul M. Salmon , Brian Thoroman

Signal Passed at Danger (SPAD) incidents, though infrequent, remain a serious threat to rail safety. While often investigated as discrete operational events, SPADs are symptomatic of deeper system conditions. Investigations tend to follow linear logics of human error and focus corrective actions on individual behaviour—especially that of the train driver. However, such approaches may obscure rather than reveal meaningful system-wide learning. This meta-analysis used the AcciMap technique to analyse and aggregate findings from SPAD investigation reports (N = 49), offering a unique holistic perspective. A total of 859 contributory factors were identified (∼17 per SPAD), with most (∼62 %) reported to occur at the level of physical processes and actor activities. The largest aggregate contributory factor being attributed to SPADs was driver cognitive (dis)engagement (63 factors). Thematic aggregation revealed four themes: (1) A signal lost in the noise, relating to information overload in the rail environment and inevitable separation of human attention from signals; (2) Lost in translation, highlighting interchangeable and indistinct use of labels and concepts employed during investigation; (3) Lost in the brake down, reflecting a dominant narrative of driver (in)action and wrong-doing; and (4) Lost in the loop, pointing to surface-level corrective actions that repeated what was expected rather than redesign ineffective controls. Findings are discussed by reflecting on the question: “what might SPADs be trying to teach us?” By shifting the analytical lens from individual to system, this study challenges dominant narratives of driver blame and considers whether current investigations genuinely reflect systems thinking or merely perpetuate an illusion of learning.

危险信号传递（SPAD）事件虽然不常见，但仍然严重威胁着铁路安全。虽然spad通常作为离散的操作事件进行调查，但它是更深层次系统状况的症状。调查倾向于遵循人为错误的线性逻辑，并将纠正措施集中在个人行为上——尤其是火车司机的行为。然而，这种方法可能会模糊而不是揭示有意义的全系统学习。本荟萃分析使用AcciMap技术分析和汇总来自SPAD调查报告的结果（N = 49），提供了一个独特的整体视角。共确定了859个促成因素（每个SPAD约17个），其中大多数（约62%）发生在物理过程和行动者活动水平。导致spad的最大因素是驾驶员认知（不参与）（63个因素）。主题聚合揭示了四个主题：(1)信号在噪声中丢失，这与铁路环境中的信息过载以及人类注意力与信号不可避免的分离有关；(2)在翻译中迷失，突出了调查过程中使用的标签和概念的互换和模糊；(3)迷失在刹车中，反映了驾驶员（在）行为和错误行为的主导叙事；(4)迷失在循环中，指的是重复预期的表面纠正措施，而不是重新设计无效的控制措施。通过反思这个问题来讨论研究结果：“spad可能试图教给我们什么？”通过将分析镜头从个人转移到系统，本研究挑战了司机责任的主导叙述，并考虑当前的调查是否真正反映了系统思维，还是仅仅延续了一种学习的错觉。

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引用次数: 0

Social norms or individual experience? Which affects individual risk perception of disaster warnings 社会规范还是个人经验？是什么影响了个人对灾害预警的风险感知

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107074

Yuyue Hao , Shenglan Peng

Risk perception has attracted increasing attention in the field of safety monitoring and warning, as it plays a critical role in influencing how individuals respond to safety warnings. This study aims to identify how social and individual characteristics affect individuals’ risk perception and response behaviors to disaster warnings, and to construct a structural model that describe the pathways among these factors. A survey of 705 participants was conducted, and the results were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings reveal a significant effect of risk perception on individuals’ protective and avoidance behaviors in response to safety warnings, as well as significant effects of descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and prior experience on risk perception. In addition, individual knowledge directly influences response behaviors. These results illustrate the mechanisms through which social and individual characteristics influence risk perception and response behaviors, and explore the interrelations among these factors. The study underscores that social norms and disaster experience play undeniable roles in influencing individuals’ risk tendencies and behavioral outcomes, warranting further attention in safety warning research.

风险感知在安全监测预警领域受到越来越多的关注，因为它对个体对安全预警的反应起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在探讨社会特征和个体特征如何影响个体对灾害预警的风险感知和反应行为，并构建一个描述这些因素之间路径的结构模型。对705名参与者进行了调查，并使用PLS-SEM对结果进行了分析。研究结果表明，风险感知对个体安全警示的保护和回避行为有显著影响，描述性规范、禁令性规范和先前经验对风险感知有显著影响。此外，个体知识直接影响反应行为。这些结果说明了社会和个体特征影响风险感知和反应行为的机制，并探讨了这些因素之间的相互关系。研究强调，社会规范和灾难经验在影响个体风险倾向和行为结果方面发挥着不可否认的作用，值得进一步关注安全预警研究。

{"title":"Social norms or individual experience? Which affects individual risk perception of disaster warnings","authors":"Yuyue Hao , Shenglan Peng","doi":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Risk perception has attracted increasing attention in the field of safety monitoring and warning, as it plays a critical role in influencing how individuals respond to safety warnings. This study aims to identify how social and individual characteristics affect individuals’ risk perception and response behaviors to disaster warnings, and to construct a structural model that describe the pathways among these factors. A survey of 705 participants was conducted, and the results were analyzed using PLS-SEM. The findings reveal a significant effect of risk perception on individuals’ protective and avoidance behaviors in response to safety warnings, as well as significant effects of descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and prior experience on risk perception. In addition, individual knowledge directly influences response behaviors. These results illustrate the mechanisms through which social and individual characteristics influence risk perception and response behaviors, and explore the interrelations among these factors. The study underscores that social norms and disaster experience play undeniable roles in influencing individuals’ risk tendencies and behavioral outcomes, warranting further attention in safety warning research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21375,"journal":{"name":"Safety Science","volume":"195 ","pages":"Article 107074"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LWE-KNN-based quantification of traffic flow fluctuation patterns in multi-scenario traffic monitoring 基于lwe - knn的多场景交通监控中交通流波动模式量化

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107073

Zhishuai Zhao , Fang Wang

Traffic safety is a core concern in urban management, requiring timely hazard identification for prevention. This depends on understanding traffic flow dynamics, especially during fluctuations and sudden events. Addressing traditional methods’ neglect of local flow dynamics, we propose the innovative Laplacian-weighted energy K-nearest neighbor (LWE-KNN) network framework. It assesses similarity among subsequences to build networks capturing nonlinear dynamics more accurately and introduces an average Laplacian-weighted energy (LWE) metric to quantify network complexity. Testing the LWE-KNN on fractional Brownian motion (fBm) and chaotic systems showed: (1) It intuitively captures fBm series with long-range dependencies; the power-law exponent from LWE-subsequence length relationships correlates linearly with the Hurst exponent. (2) LWE effectively detects periodicity and chaos, with sensitivity matching the Lyapunov exponent to capture nonlinear dynamics under parameter changes. Additionally, leveraging large language models (LLMs) to simulate traffic flow data, the LWE-KNN framework exhibits distinct performance across time segments of speed sequences, with the LWE metric effectively identifying speed fluctuation patterns. The application to Beijing’s ring-road data reveals that the Third Ring Road shows significant energy spikes during evening peak hours, while the Fourth Ring Road peaks in the morning. These findings offer a comprehensive view of traffic dynamics, providing novel analytical tools for traffic safety management and enabling timely responses to critical flow changes to enhance transportation safety and efficiency.

交通安全是城市管理的核心问题，需要及时识别危害，进行预防。这取决于对交通流量动态的理解，特别是在波动和突发事件期间。针对传统方法忽视局部流动动力学的问题，提出了一种新颖的拉普拉斯加权能量k近邻（LWE-KNN）网络框架。它通过评估子序列之间的相似性来构建更准确地捕获非线性动态的网络，并引入平均拉普拉斯加权能量（LWE）度量来量化网络复杂性。LWE-KNN在分数布朗运动（fBm）和混沌系统上的测试表明：(1)它直观地捕获了具有远程依赖关系的fBm序列；lwe -子序列长度关系的幂律指数与Hurst指数呈线性相关。(2) LWE能够有效地检测系统的周期性和混沌性，其灵敏度与Lyapunov指数相匹配，能够捕捉系统参数变化下的非线性动态。此外，利用大型语言模型（llm）模拟交通流数据，LWE- knn框架在速度序列的不同时间段表现出不同的性能，LWE度量有效地识别速度波动模式。对北京环线数据的应用表明，三环在晚高峰时段出现明显的能量峰值，而四环在早晨达到峰值。这些发现提供了交通动态的全面视图，为交通安全管理提供了新的分析工具，并能够及时响应关键的流量变化，以提高交通安全和效率。

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引用次数: 0

A traffic flow forecasting model based on dynamic graph learning and temporally adaptive attention 基于动态图学习和时间自适应注意的交通流预测模型

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107063

Hong Zhang , Fangzheng Qi , Yu Zhang , Yijie Qin , Yayong Li

Accurate traffic flow forecasting is essential for ensuring transportation safety and advancing intelligent transportation systems. Static graph–based methods fail to capture the dynamic characteristics of traffic networks, leading to limitations in joint spatiotemporal modeling and multi-step prediction tasks. To address these challenges, this study proposes a Dynamic Spatiotemporal Interaction Model (D-STIM) for traffic flow forecasting. The model comprises three core modules: Efficient Adaptive Spatiotemporal Learning (EASL), Progressive Interactive Learning (PIL), and Temporally Adaptive Attention (TAA). EASL leverages low-rank factorization to model dynamic graph structures, thereby reducing computational complexity and enhancing structural adaptability. PIL establishes bidirectional interaction through spatial-guided temporal aggregation and temporal-guided spatial aggregation, enabling deep spatiotemporal fusion. TAA integrates positional encoding and temporal bias into the attention mechanism to effectively mitigate information degradation in long-horizon forecasting. Extensive experiments on four real-world traffic datasets demonstrate that D-STIM consistently outperforms mainstream baselines in both prediction accuracy and computational efficiency. Moreover, the proposed model provides practical safety benefits by supporting congestion mitigation, reducing accident risks, and informing proactive traffic management strategies

准确的交通流预测是保障交通安全、推进智能交通系统发展的关键。基于静态图的方法无法捕捉交通网络的动态特征，导致联合时空建模和多步预测任务的局限性。为了应对这些挑战，本研究提出了一种用于交通流预测的动态时空相互作用模型（D-STIM）。该模型包括三个核心模块：高效自适应时空学习（EASL）、渐进式互动学习（PIL）和时间自适应注意（TAA）。EASL利用低秩分解对动态图结构进行建模，降低了计算复杂度，增强了结构的适应性。PIL通过空间引导的时间聚合和时间引导的空间聚合建立双向交互，实现深度时空融合。TAA将位置编码和时间偏差整合到注意机制中，有效缓解了长视界预测中的信息退化。在四个真实交通数据集上进行的大量实验表明，D-STIM在预测精度和计算效率方面始终优于主流基线。此外，所提出的模型通过支持缓解拥堵、降低事故风险和告知主动交通管理策略，提供了实际的安全效益

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引用次数: 0

Exploring the science of evacuation behavior and decision-making during large scale community evacuations: A scientometrics analysis and scoping review 探索大规模社区疏散过程中疏散行为和决策的科学：科学计量学分析和范围审查

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107065

Chamika Kannangara , Erica Kuligowski , Chandana Siriwardana , Guomin Zhang , Varuna Adikariwattage , Paboda Jayawardane

Understanding how people behave during large-scale community evacuations is important as it can reveal key decision-making gaps which can be addressed to improve emergency planning and to keep communities safer. This study examines the critical gaps in existing research on evacuation behavior and decision-making during disasters by holistically exploring the research domain of evacuation behavior. A total of 667 articles and their references were analyzed using scientometrics methods. This study employs a novel approach to the analysis called overlay networks in CiteSpace. The findings highlight gaps in our understanding of human behavior during the evacuation, such as the stay-or-go decision and travel-related behavior, including destination, mode, route, and return-entry choices, in the context of earthquakes, floods, tsunamis, volcanic hazards, and wildfires. Evacuations triggered by technological disasters are explicitly excluded from this review. It also emphasizes that tourist evacuations remain an underexplored area. Also, the current study reveals that established theories, such as the Protective Action Decision Model (PADM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), remain underutilized in research on evacuation behavior during hazards like earthquakes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions. This research supports the findings of previous studies in emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary approaches to evacuation research. It also underscores the importance of integrating existing behavioral evidence into evacuation models, alongside efforts to collect additional data. Also, the study emphasizes the importance of strengthening research collaborations with scholars in Asia and Africa. This approach seeks to address the disparity in research conducted across different regions of the world.

了解人们在大规模社区疏散期间的行为是很重要的，因为它可以揭示关键的决策差距，可以解决这些差距，以改善应急计划并保持社区更安全。本研究通过对疏散行为研究领域的整体探索，探讨了灾害中疏散行为与决策研究的关键空白。采用科学计量学方法对667篇文献及其参考文献进行分析。本研究采用了一种新的分析方法，称为CiteSpace中的覆盖网络。这些发现突出了我们对疏散过程中人类行为的理解差距，比如在地震、洪水、海啸、火山灾害和野火的背景下，撤离过程中的人类行为，如留下或离开的决定和与旅行相关的行为，包括目的地、模式、路线和返回选择。技术灾难引发的疏散被明确排除在本综述之外。它还强调，游客疏散仍然是一个未充分探索的领域。此外，目前的研究表明，现有的理论，如保护行动决策模型（PADM）和计划行为理论（TPB），在地震、海啸和火山爆发等灾害中疏散行为的研究中仍未得到充分利用。这项研究支持了先前的研究结果，强调需要跨学科的方法来进行疏散研究。它还强调了将现有行为证据整合到疏散模型中的重要性，以及努力收集更多数据的重要性。此外，该研究强调了加强与亚洲和非洲学者的研究合作的重要性。这种方法旨在解决世界不同地区开展的研究的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Occupational health and safety initiatives for different ethical climates: apparel industry in Sri Lanka 针对不同道德气候的职业健康和安全举措：斯里兰卡服装业

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107057

Uthpala Rathnayake , Y.G. Sandanayake , Gayani Karunasena

Occupational Health and Safety (OSH) is of vital importance in the apparel industry owing to its labour-intensive nature. Improper management of OHS can negatively impact organisational growth in multiple ways. More than 80% of OHS issues stem from behaviour-related causes, and the ethical climate of an organisation affects judgements about appropriate workplace conduct. It is essential to identify the prevailing ethical climates and to develop suitable OHS initiatives to guide employee behaviour. This study aimed to establish a framework for identifying suitable OHS initiatives aligned with different ethical climates in the Sri Lankan apparel industry, with the goal of improving health and safety standards in the sector.

A situational context analysis was conducted across three selected cases, utilising data collected from a questionnaire survey involving 300 respondents, interviews with OHS representatives, observations, and documentary reviews. A survey targeting 30 OHS experts in the apparel sector was conducted to identify suitable health and safety initiatives corresponding to the recognised ethical climates. The qualitative data underwent manual content analysis, whereas the quantitative data were analysed statistically using SPSS 20.0 software.

The study revealed 27 factors contributing to OHS issues, predominantly linked to worker behaviour. The questionnaire survey confirmed the existence of multiple ethical climates in the Sri Lankan apparel industry, with the ’principled-local climate’ identified as the most prevalent type. A framework was developed to assist industry professionals in identifying current ethical climates within organisations, facilitating the selection of the most suitable health and safety initiatives.

由于服装行业属于劳动密集型行业，因此职业健康与安全至关重要。职业健康安全管理不当会以多种方式对组织发展产生负面影响。超过80%的职业健康安全问题源于行为相关的原因，而一个组织的道德氛围会影响对适当工作场所行为的判断。确定普遍的道德氛围并制定合适的职业健康安全倡议来指导员工的行为是至关重要的。这项研究旨在建立一个框架，以确定符合斯里兰卡服装行业不同道德气候的适当职业健康安全倡议，目标是提高该行业的健康和安全标准。在三个选定的案例中进行了情景分析，利用从涉及300名受访者的问卷调查、与OHS代表的访谈、观察和文献综述中收集的数据。针对服装行业的30名职业健康安全专家进行了一项调查，以确定与公认的道德气候相对应的适当的健康和安全举措。定性资料采用手工内容分析，定量资料采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。该研究揭示了27个导致职业健康安全问题的因素，主要与工人的行为有关。问卷调查证实了斯里兰卡服装行业存在多种道德气候，其中“有原则的当地气候”被认为是最普遍的类型。制定了一个框架，以帮助行业专业人员确定组织内当前的道德氛围，促进选择最合适的健康和安全举措。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of automated vehicle reliability, self-estimated confidence, and repeated interactions on drivers’ trust and takeover decisions 自动驾驶汽车的可靠性、自我估计的信心和重复互动对驾驶员信任和接管决策的影响

IF 5.4 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2025-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2025.107062

Myeongkyu Lee, Brandon J. Pitts

Trust in automated vehicles (AVs) remains a critical issue. The presentation of an AV system’s information/actions as well as repeated interactions with an AV can increase drivers’ trust. However, more work is needed to quantify the strength of these factors on drivers' trust in AVs and the extent to which these factors are correlated with one-another. This study seeks to understand how vehicle-related factors, namely, an AV’s reliability, the dynamics and accuracy of an AV’s self-assessed maneuverability confidence, and the number of AV-driver interactions, impact drivers’ trust and takeover decisions in conditionally automated vehicles. A visual confidence interface was developed to display an AV’s self-perceived ability to avoid roadway obstacles. Vehicle reliability and confidence in avoiding obstacles were both manipulated to be compatible in some situations and incompatible in others. In a series of simulated driving scenarios, where the AV avoided 83.3 % of obstacles, 30 adults (average age = 23.10 years) decided whether or not to take over from the vehicle based on the confidence information interface. Overall, high vehicle reliability, increasing confidence information, accurate information, and repeated AV interactions significantly enhanced drivers’ trust. This study provides insights into the complex dynamics shaping drivers’ trust in AVs, highlighting safety–critical considerations for AV developers.

对自动驾驶汽车（AVs）的信任仍然是一个关键问题。自动驾驶汽车系统的信息/动作展示以及与自动驾驶汽车的反复互动可以增加驾驶员的信任。然而，需要做更多的工作来量化这些因素对驾驶员对自动驾驶汽车的信任程度，以及这些因素之间相互关联的程度。本研究旨在了解与车辆相关的因素，即自动驾驶汽车的可靠性、自动驾驶汽车自评机动性信心的动态和准确性，以及自动驾驶汽车与驾驶员互动的次数，如何影响驾驶员的信任和接管决策。开发了一个视觉自信界面来显示自动驾驶汽车避开道路障碍物的自我感知能力。车辆避障的可靠性和置信度在某些情况下是相容的，在另一些情况下是不相容的。在一系列模拟驾驶场景中，自动驾驶汽车避开了83.3%的障碍物，30名成年人（平均年龄23.10岁）根据置信度信息界面决定是否接替自动驾驶汽车。总体而言，较高的车辆可靠性、不断增加的信任信息、准确的信息和重复的自动驾驶互动显著增强了驾驶员的信任。这项研究深入了解了影响驾驶员对自动驾驶汽车信任的复杂因素，并强调了自动驾驶汽车开发商在安全方面的关键考虑因素。

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