Safety Science最新文献_第6页

158 Deaths at Halloween Night: An AcciMap analysis of 2022 Itaewon crowd crush in South Korea

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106741

Changwon Son , Dong-Han Ham , Sangeun Jin , Taezoon Park

A crowd crush that occurred in Itaewon, South Korea during Halloween in 2022 resulted in 158 people. Much attention was paid to finding culprits rather than identifying underlying factors and their complex relationships. Hence, this study aims to analyze systemic causes of Itaewon crowd crush. AcciMap was conducted to understand what caused the crush and resultant deaths using two information sources: South Korean National Assembly Report and online news articles. Findings suggest that lifted COVID-19 restrictions, increased popularity of Halloween, and political and social factors related to a new government significantly increased the crowd size. Despite anticipated risks of crowd crush, including direct calls from citizens, little was done before and after the crush. Pre-planning was not conducted, and on-site controls were insufficient. After the crush, unified incident communication was non-existent and inter-agency collaboration was poorly coordinated, leading to severe delay in site access, triage, medical treatment, and hospitalization. Until Itaewon disaster, a crowd crush was not covered by overarching disaster management law of South Korea. To prevent similar crowd crushes, recommendations include trans-governmental efforts to identify emergent impacts of policy, cultural, and administrative changes, all-hazards management approach, improving national safety leadership and risk governance, safety culture sensitive to failure, and nationwide crowd management system. As the first and early systemic analysis of Itaewon crowd crush, our findings highlighted the need to understand influences from various sociotechnical factors. We hope our study to inform future investigations of Itaewon crowd crush and induce more rigorous efforts to prevent similar incidents.

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引用次数: 0

Retraction Notice to “Automation of emergency response for petroleum oil storage terminals” [Safety Sci. 72 (2015) 2932]

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106726

Ravi K. Sharma , Bhola R. Gurjar , Akshay V. Singhal , Satish R. Wate , Santosh P. Ghuge , Rajat Agrawal

引用次数: 0

Employee teleworking (working-from-home) experience assessment during COVID-19 lockdown: A dual-edged sword COVID-19封锁期间员工远程办公体验评估：一把双刃剑

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106732

Damola Victor Akinwande, Georgios Boustras, Cleo Varianou-Mikellidou, Christos Dimopoulos, Omoye Mary Akhagba

Teleworking reportedly comes with numerous benefits, including enhanced work-life balance, flexibility, reduced travel time, increased productivity, and higher morale. Nevertheless, it has also been reported to project many challenges, with psychosocial problems such as stress and burnout on top of the list. Interestingly during the lockdown, it was suspected to yield two-sided impacts among many teleworkers, such two-sided impact including bringing about increase in productivity for some and decrease in others. This situation has been presumed by some to be connected to lack of social interaction as well as the socio-demographics difference of the workers. Therefore, the research question of our study is; what are the effects of the demographic characteristics of teleworkers on their positive and negative working-from-home experience? This study adopted a random sampling approach for the data collection from teleworkers across Europe, using an online cross-sectional survey with distribution done via platforms such as LinkedIn and also among individual workers. At the end, 399 responses were collected and data was analysed using Chi-square tests to determine the difference in the impacts of teleworking on employees based on their socio-demographics. All analysis were done using SPSS. The results of our study underline the importance of businesses evaluating and improving their workers’ teleworking work experiences, irrespective of their socio-demographics. This study’s findings, which are important to both employers and employees as they navigate the changing workplace, emphasize the need to understand the complex consequences of remote work on workers’ job satisfaction and well-being.

据报道，远程办公有很多好处，包括增强工作与生活的平衡、灵活性、减少出差时间、提高工作效率和提高士气。然而，据报道，它也带来了许多挑战，心理社会问题，如压力和倦怠是最重要的。有趣的是，在封锁期间，人们怀疑它会对许多远程工作者产生双边影响，这种双边影响包括带来一些人的生产力提高而另一些人的生产力下降。一些人认为这种情况与缺乏社会互动以及工人的社会人口统计学差异有关。因此，我们研究的研究问题是；远程工作者的人口特征对他们积极和消极的在家工作体验有什么影响？这项研究采用随机抽样的方法，从欧洲各地的远程工作者中收集数据，使用在线横断面调查，通过LinkedIn等平台进行分发，也在个人员工中进行分发。最后，我们收集了399份回复，并使用卡方检验对数据进行了分析，以确定基于社会人口统计学的远程办公对员工影响的差异。所有分析均采用SPSS软件。我们的研究结果强调了企业评估和改善员工远程办公工作体验的重要性，无论他们的社会人口结构如何。这项研究的发现对雇主和员工都很重要，因为他们在不断变化的工作场所中导航，强调有必要了解远程工作对员工工作满意度和幸福感的复杂影响。

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引用次数: 0

Research on data-driven coal mine environmental safety risk assessment system 数据驱动的煤矿环境安全风险评价系统研究

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106727

Cheng Lu , Shuang Li , Kun Xu , Yi Zhang

Coal mining operations are one of the most dangerous activities in the world, how to control coal mine environmental safety accidents has become a new challenge, there is an urgent need for an objective, accurate, comprehensive, and dynamic assessment system to assess the coal mine environmental safety risk. The paper constructs a data-driven coal mine environmental safety risk assessment system to guide coal mines under different environmental conditions to achieve environmental safety risk assessment: Constructing coal mine environmental safety risk assessment indicator system and threshold rules; Obtaining multi-source heterogeneous data such as expert experience data, objective monitoring data, and subjective reported data through expert prior knowledge, advanced sensors, and on-site technology; Eliminating data heterogeneity through fuzzy language transformation, range standardization, and threshold rule transformation based on data characteristics; Integrating multi source heterogeneous data through FAHP, CRITIC, Euclidean distance function, Grey cluster model based on end-point mixed triangular whitenization weight function, Grey clustering level − risk conversion value model (GCL-RCV model), Real-time risk status weighting model, and Linear weighting model. The accuracy, real-time performance, and effectiveness of the assessment system have been verified through case study. The system has achieved dynamic real-time assessment of coal mine environmental safety risk, identified and controlled critical risk, and has good industrial application prospect. It is of great significance for risk control in the mining process of underground coal mine and beneficial for the sustainable development of underground coal mine.

煤矿作业是世界上最危险的活动之一，如何控制煤矿环境安全事故已成为一个新的挑战，迫切需要一个客观、准确、全面、动态的评价体系来评价煤矿环境安全风险。构建数据驱动的煤矿环境安全风险评价体系，指导煤矿在不同环境条件下实现环境安全风险评价：构建煤矿环境安全风险评价指标体系和阈值规则；通过专家先验知识、先进传感器、现场技术，获取专家经验数据、客观监测数据、主观报告数据等多源异构数据；通过模糊语言转换、范围标准化和基于数据特征的阈值规则转换消除数据异质性；通过FAHP、CRITIC、欧氏距离函数、基于端点混合三角白化权函数的灰色聚类模型、灰色聚类水平-风险转换值模型（GCL-RCV模型）、实时风险状态加权模型和线性加权模型对多源异构数据进行集成。通过案例分析，验证了评估系统的准确性、实时性和有效性。该系统实现了煤矿环境安全风险的动态实时评估，关键风险的识别和控制，具有良好的工业应用前景。这对煤矿井下开采过程中的风险控制具有重要意义，有利于煤矿井下的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Developing A new safety culture framework for aviation Maintenance: Preliminary results 制定新的航空维修安全文化框架：初步结果

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106729

Dothang Truong, Sang-A Lee

The aviation maintenance industry operates within a highly complex environment where human factors play a crucial role, and errors made by Aviation Maintenance Technicians (AMTs) frequently contribute to aircraft defects. In 2021, over 35% of aircraft accidents were attributed to maintenance-related errors, underscoring the critical need for a robust safety culture within the industry. This study distinguishes between two types of safety culture pertinent to AMTs: maintenance occupational safety culture, which emphasizes personal safety and adherence to workplace safety practices, and maintenance-based aviation safety culture, which covers the broader safety culture within the aviation maintenance sector, particularly how maintenance activities contribute to overall aviation safety and the prevention of accidents. The research aimed to develop and validate measurement tools for both constructs and explore their interrelationships. A survey was created, reviewed by subject matter experts, and distributed to AMTs employed by Part 121 carriers in the United States using multiple distribution channels. Multivariate statistical analyses were conducted to assess the safety culture constructs and examine their interactions. The results of this study contribute significantly to the aviation maintenance field by developing safety culture constructs tailored to aviation maintenance, providing validated tools for assessing safety culture, and offering insights into how these safety cultures differ across AMTs’ demographics. The findings are also relevant for regulatory bodies such as the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), which can use the results to guide the development of more effective safety culture policies and practices within the aviation maintenance sector.

航空维修行业在高度复杂的环境中运行，人为因素在其中发挥着至关重要的作用，航空维修技术人员（AMT）的失误经常导致飞机缺陷。2021 年，超过 35% 的飞机事故归因于与维修相关的错误，这突出表明了在该行业内建立健全的安全文化的迫切需要。本研究区分了两种与 AMT 相关的安全文化：一种是强调个人安全和遵守工作场所安全规范的维修职业安全文化，另一种是以维修为基础的航空安全文化，后者涵盖了航空维修行业内更广泛的安全文化，特别是维修活动如何促进整体航空安全和预防事故的发生。研究的目的是开发和验证这两个概念的测量工具，并探索它们之间的相互关系。研究人员制作了一份调查问卷，经主题专家审核后，通过多种分发渠道分发给美国 121 部航空公司雇用的 AMT。我们进行了多变量统计分析，以评估安全文化构建并研究它们之间的相互作用。这项研究的结果为航空维修领域做出了重大贡献，它开发了适合航空维修的安全文化构建，提供了评估安全文化的有效工具，并深入分析了这些安全文化在 AMT 人员构成中的差异。研究结果还与联邦航空管理局（FAA）等监管机构相关，这些机构可以利用研究结果指导航空维修领域制定更有效的安全文化政策和实践。

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引用次数: 0

Walk the Line: The role of gender and culture on the movement patterns of pedestrians based on a multicultural study 走在路上基于多元文化研究的性别和文化对行人行动模式的影响

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106710

Mohcine Chraibi , Claudio Feliciani , Milad Haghani , Xiaolu Jia , Jian Ma

Experimental work has opened new avenues for studying crowd behavior under well-controlled conditions with desirable levels of measurement accuracy. However, unlike many other areas of behavioral science, little attention has been paid to how reproducible and transferable crowd phenomena are between different populations. As such, there is only limited knowledge about how universal and generalizable experimental observations on crowd behavior are. This research explores how gender and culture impact pedestrian dynamics in single-file movement, a topic previously studied in isolation through disjointed and varied experiments. Here, for the first time, and as an attempt to investigate external validity and generalizability across cultures, we conduct the same experiment in five different countries. Each experiment examines the effects of varying gender compositions on single-file pedestrian movement. We observed consistent effects of different gender compositions on pedestrian movement across countries, with no significant deviations in the fundamental diagrams, especially in the bounded regime. Although there was some variability in acceleration behavior across countries. Interaction levels, clustering behavior, and pedestrian spacing patterns remained consistent between different gender compositions and countries. These results suggest that, while the behavior of collective motion varies by culture and gender composition, most aspects of pedestrian movement exhibit universal traits. Understanding these variations and commonalities can allow for better infrastructure design and planning tailored to the population of interest.

实验工作为在控制良好的条件下研究人群行为开辟了新的途径，测量精度达到了理想水平。然而，与行为科学的许多其他领域不同，人们很少关注人群现象在不同人群之间的可重现性和可转移性。因此，人们对人群行为实验观察结果的普遍性和可推广性的了解非常有限。这项研究探讨了性别和文化如何影响单排行进中的行人动态，而以往对这一主题的研究都是通过互不关联的各种实验孤立进行的。在这里，我们首次尝试在五个不同的国家进行相同的实验，以研究外部有效性和跨文化的普遍性。每个实验都考察了不同性别组成对单排行人移动的影响。我们观察到，在不同国家，不同性别组成对行人运动的影响是一致的，基本图中没有明显的偏差，尤其是在有界系统中。尽管各国的加速行为存在一些差异。不同性别组成和国家之间的互动水平、集群行为和行人间距模式保持一致。这些结果表明，虽然集体运动的行为因文化和性别组成而异，但行人运动的大多数方面都表现出普遍特征。了解这些差异和共性可以更好地设计和规划适合相关人群的基础设施。

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引用次数: 0

“Work safely for my family”: The effects of family motivation on safety compliance and participation in power grid construction in China "为家人安全工作"：家庭激励对中国电网建设安全合规性和参与度的影响

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106725

Fan Zhou, Sirimart Chaiwoot, Yali Che

While family motivation has been indicated as a significant drive for many work conducts, there is a dearth of studies about its role in the safety management process. Drawn on action identification theory and self-determination theory, a research model was developed to explore how family motivation affected safety compliance and safety participation via risk perception and job instrumentality. Hypotheses were tested by survey data collected from a power grid construction firm, where both safety concerns and family motivation were salient. The results showed that family motivation had both a positive direct effect on safety compliance and an indirect impact through risk perception. However, family motivation indicated an adverse indirect effect on safety participation through job instrumentality. Theoretical contributions to the literature and practical implications for promoting workplace safety of the findings were discussed.

虽然家庭动机被认为是许多工作行为的重要驱动力，但有关其在安全管理过程中的作用的研究却很少。根据行动认同理论和自我决定理论，我们建立了一个研究模型，以探讨家庭动机如何通过风险认知和工作工具性影响安全合规性和安全参与度。通过从一家电网建设公司收集的调查数据，对假设进行了检验。结果表明，家庭动机对安全合规性有积极的直接影响，并通过风险感知产生间接影响。然而，家庭动机通过工作工具性对安全参与产生了不利的间接影响。会议讨论了研究结果对文献的理论贡献以及对促进工作场所安全的实际意义。

引用次数: 0

Integrating deep learning model and virtual reality technology for motion prediction in emergencies 将深度学习模型与虚拟现实技术相结合，用于紧急情况下的运动预测

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106721

Meng Li , Pan Fanfan , Yan Zhang , Tao Chen , Hao Du

Predicting the evacuation behavior of pedestrians in emergencies is essential for ensuring public safety. Existing deep learning-based prediction models generally focus on crowd trajectories extrapolation in conventional scenarios but ignore the effect of emergencies on human behavior. Their performance has not been rigorously validated during emergency events such as fires and floodwaters. In this paper, we implement a combined solution involving a transformer-based network and virtual reality (VR) modeling. The proposed virtual reality-trained neural network incorporates diverse cues from human poses, moving paths, scenes, and emergency events to predict future trajectories. The virtual reality modeling creates diverse evacuation scenarios to enhance prediction performance. Moreover, based on the pretraining of our constructed VR dataset, the designed model can be applied to real-world human behavior prediction. The experimental results demonstrate our model’s superior accuracy in various scenarios, particularly for emergency evacuations, showcasing its ability to capture the dynamics of human behavior in safety-critical environments.

预测紧急情况下行人的疏散行为对于确保公共安全至关重要。现有的基于深度学习的预测模型一般侧重于常规场景下的人群轨迹推断，但忽略了紧急情况对人类行为的影响。在火灾和洪水等突发事件中，这些模型的性能尚未得到严格验证。在本文中，我们实施了一种综合解决方案，涉及基于变压器的网络和虚拟现实（VR）建模。拟议的虚拟现实训练神经网络结合了来自人类姿势、移动路径、场景和紧急事件的各种线索，以预测未来轨迹。虚拟现实建模创建了多种疏散场景，以提高预测性能。此外，基于我们构建的虚拟现实数据集的预训练，所设计的模型可应用于现实世界的人类行为预测。实验结果表明，我们的模型在各种场景中，尤其是紧急疏散场景中，都具有卓越的准确性，展示了其捕捉安全关键环境中人类行为动态的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring occupant exit choices during fire drills and false alarm evacuations in a library 探索图书馆火灾演习和误报疏散时的人员出口选择

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106708

Yunhe Tong , Nikolai W. F. Bode , Milad Haghani , Ruggiero Lovreglio

Effective disaster management and public safety rely heavily on understanding human behaviour during evacuations. This study investigates 497 occupant exit choices in real-world evacuation scenarios including two evacuation drills and two false alarm evacuations in a university library building. These authentic settings offer a unique opportunity to examine real-world decision-making processes during evacuations. Employing a multinomial logit model, we quantitatively assess the impact of essential factors on human decision-making. Statistical analysis reveals that participants tend to choose the exits chosen by the majority, closer exits, exits indicated by staff, or exits they are familiar with. We found that participants on the ground floor showed a greater preference for familiar exits compared to those on other floors. Most importantly, we found that in fire drills the effect of crowding and familiarity on exit choices was reduced compared to false alarm evacuations. These findings underscore the critical implications for the conduct of drills and emphasise the importance of studying the contextual dependency of human behaviour during evacuations. Our work also contributes a novel exit choice dataset collected in a naturalistic setting and highlights the importance of the context in influencing pedestrian decision-making during evacuations.

有效的灾难管理和公共安全在很大程度上依赖于对疏散过程中人类行为的理解。本研究调查了 497 个真实疏散场景中的人员撤离选择，包括大学图书馆大楼中的两次疏散演习和两次假警报疏散。这些真实场景为研究疏散过程中的真实决策过程提供了一个独特的机会。我们采用多叉 logit 模型，定量评估了基本因素对人类决策的影响。统计分析显示，参与者倾向于选择大多数人选择的出口、较近的出口、工作人员指示的出口或他们熟悉的出口。我们发现，与其他楼层的参与者相比，一楼的参与者更倾向于选择熟悉的出口。最重要的是，我们发现在消防演习中，与误报疏散相比，拥挤和熟悉程度对出口选择的影响有所降低。这些发现强调了进行演习的重要意义，并强调了研究疏散过程中人类行为的环境依赖性的重要性。我们的研究还提供了一个在自然环境中收集的新颖出口选择数据集，并强调了环境对疏散过程中行人决策的重要影响。

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引用次数: 0

Risk coupling analysis of miners’ health-compromising behaviors: A multimethod fusion with practical application 矿工损害健康行为的风险耦合分析：多方法融合与实际应用

IF 4.7 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, INDUSTRIAL

Safety Science

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2024.106723

Lulu Wang, Ninghao Sun, Xiangyang Hu, Xu Zhao, Qian Wang, Ruipeng Tong

Risk analysis of miners’ health-compromising behaviors is essential for advancing their overall health and well-being. This paper proposed a method for quantifying the risk coupling of miners’ health-compromising behaviors based on the Bayesian network (BN) model, N-K model, and cumulative risk (CR) model. First, the causation of miners’ health-compromising behaviors was analyzed, and the risk factors were systematically classified. Second, the types of risk coupling resulting from physical environmental risk factors, psychosocial environmental risk factors, and individual characteristics risk factors were delineated. Third, the BN model was constructed through a comprehensive risk analysis of miners’ health-compromising behaviors. Leveraging both the N-K model and the CR model, calculations were applied to the questionnaire data to identify the parameters influencing the risk coupling nodes within the developed BN. Finally, the established model undergoes validation through a three-axiom-based method. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis of risk coupling types was conducted, and the influences of risk factors were quantified using mutual information. Employing the developed model, an uncertainty analysis was performed to explore the effects of failure rates of risk factors on the primary risk coupling types.

对矿工损害健康的行为进行风险分析对于促进矿工的整体健康和福祉至关重要。本文提出了一种基于贝叶斯网络（BN）模型、N-K 模型和累积风险（CR）模型的矿工健康损害行为风险耦合量化方法。首先，分析了矿工健康损害行为的因果关系，并对风险因素进行了系统分类。其次，划分了物理环境风险因素、社会心理环境风险因素和个体特征风险因素导致的风险耦合类型。第三，通过对矿工损害健康行为的综合风险分析，构建了 BN 模型。利用 N-K 模型和 CR 模型，对问卷数据进行计算，以确定所建立的 BN 中影响风险耦合节点的参数。最后，通过基于三轴的方法对所建立的模型进行验证。随后，对风险耦合类型进行了敏感性分析，并利用互信息对风险因素的影响进行了量化。利用所建立的模型，进行了不确定性分析，以探讨风险因素的失效率对主要风险耦合类型的影响。

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引用次数: 0