Scientific African最新文献

{"title":"Therapeutic potential of Zanha africana (Radlk.) Exell: antimycobacterial activity and safety evaluation","authors":"Alphonce Ignace Marealle ,&nbsp;Michael Qwarse ,&nbsp;Ramadhani S.O. Nondo ,&nbsp;Alex John Bulashi ,&nbsp;Francis Machumi ,&nbsp;Alfredi Alfred Moyo ,&nbsp;Joseph Sempombe ,&nbsp;Paul Malaba ,&nbsp;Matthias Heydenreich ,&nbsp;Rogers Mwakalukwa ,&nbsp;Matobola Joel Mihale ,&nbsp;Mainen Julius Moshi","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Zanha africana</em> (Radlk.) Exell extracts are commonly utilized in Tanzania and other countries for treating conditions associated with HIV and AIDS, including tuberculosis (TB). In Tanzania, it is listed among the most frequently traded plant species for medicinal use in different marketplaces. However, limited literature exists regarding its antimycobacterial properties and safety profile.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate <em>Z. africana</em> ethanolic extract for safety and antimycobacterial activity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The antimycobacterial activity of the crude extracts was assessed using the broth microdilution method against various non-pathogenic mycobacteria strains including <em>Mycobacterium aurum</em> (MA)<em>, Mycobacterium madagascariense</em> (MM), and <em>Mycobacterium indicus pranii</em> (MIP). Bioassay-guided fractionation was employed to isolate the active compounds. The safety profile of the crude extract was investigated through cytotoxicity assay on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the brine shrimp lethality test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The 80% ethanolic extracts of <em>Z. africana</em> demonstrated activity against all tested non-pathogenic mycobacteria. The antimycobacterial activity of ethanolic extract of the stem bark was 625 µg/mL, 313 µg/mL and 125 µg/mL against MA, MM, and MIP, respectively. The most potent fraction was the ethyl acetate fraction, from which two active compounds were isolated: proanthocyanidin A₂; Compound (<strong>1</strong>) and its monomer epicatechin, Compound (<strong>2</strong>). Compound (<strong>1</strong>) exhibited higher antimycobacterial activity compared to compound <strong>(2</strong>) with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 19.50 µg/mL and 12.98 µg/mL against MM and MIP respectively. The ethanolic extract did not demonstrate toxicity on PBMCs and brine shrimps.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that <em>Z. africana</em> extracts and the isolated compounds possess antimycobacterial activity. This provides evidence supporting the traditional use of <em>Z. africana</em> extracts for TB management. Further research is recommended to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of the plant constituents using different models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02371"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review on medicinal plant extracts as antibacterial agents: Factors, mechanism insights and future prospects","authors":"Nouhaila Zouine,&nbsp;Naima El Ghachtouli,&nbsp;Soumya El Abed,&nbsp;Saad Ibnsouda Koraichi","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance, once a manageable concern, has now emerged as one of the most pressing global health threats. In response, there is a growing scientific focus on discovering natural and effective antimicrobial agents. In this review, we aim to address this urgent issue by summarizing recent studies from 2014 to 2024 on medicinal plant extracts exhibiting minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) equal to or less than 625 µg/mL. We explore the key factors influencing the antibacterial efficacy of these extracts and provide an in-depth overview of their mechanisms of action. Systematic literature searches were collected from scientific databases, documenting 81 plant species tested against multiple pathogenic bacteria. The results revealed that extracts from <em>Quercus coccifera, Ocimum gratissimum</em>, and <em>Curcuma longa</em>, demonstrated the highest efficacy against the most commonly targeted pathogens, including <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (MIC of 4 µg/mL), <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MIC of 5 µg/mL), and <em>Escherichia coli</em> (MIC of 7.58 µg/mL), respectively. The Myrtaceae, Lamiaceae, Apiaceae families demonstrated the highest potency, with Cameroon, Indonesia, and South Africa recognized as primary regions for plant collection. Leaves (50.56 %) were the primary plant parts investigated, with methanol (31.16 %) and ethanol (20.28 %) being the most commonly used solvents in extraction processes. This review not only underscores the significant antibacterial potential of plant extracts but also elucidates how phytochemical composition, extraction methods, and antibacterial screening techniques contribute to their efficacy. This integrative study provides a robust foundation for future research and highlights the promise of plant-based solutions in combating antibiotic resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142356652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Spatial Complexity of the Hard Decision Decoder Based on Hash and Syndrome Decoding (HSDec)","authors":"Seddiq El Kasmi Alaoui ,&nbsp;Tarik Chanyour ,&nbsp;Hamza Faham ,&nbsp;Said Nouh","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we propose an optimized version of the Hard Decision Decoder based on Hash and Syndrome Decoding (HSDec) decoder, named Reduced Memory Space of HSDec (RMS-HSDec), which uses less memory space. In this article, we aim to reduce the spatial complexity of the HSDec decoding algorithm while preserving its error correction capabilities. Our methodology involves allocating only the essential memory space for correctable error patterns and optimizing the hashing mechanism to effectively handle potential collisions. While maintaining the integrity of error correction, this new method guarantees memory reduction rates of over 96 % for the BCH(63, 39, 9) code and over 84 % for the QR(47, 24, 11) code compared to HSDec. Simulations were conducted to evaluate the performance of RMS-HSDec on various BCH and QR codes over AWGN and Rayleigh channels. The results demonstrated significant memory reduction rates and coding gains ranging from 0.8 dB to 2.8 dB over the AWGN channel and from 14 dB to 32 dB over the Rayleigh channel, confirming the robustness of the algorithm under different channel conditions. Comparative analyses showed that RMS-HSDec maintains competitive performance with existing decoders while offering effective error correction. These findings confirm the robustness of the RMS-HSDec algorithm under different channel conditions. Overall, the proposed decoder proves to be an effective solution, optimizing memory usage without compromising error correction capabilities, making it ideal for high-density data applications and environments with limited memory resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Impacts of neo-banks on North African migrants’ remittances and financial inclusion”","authors":"Abdeslam Badre","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined remittance trends and financial institution preferences among North African migrants in Europe and assessed neobanks' potential to foster financial inclusion and cost reductions. The main objetive was to explore how neobanks can alleviate economic pressures on North African migrants and help achieve the World Bank Group's goal of reducing remittance costs to 5 % and the UN-SDG target of 3 %. Exploratory in nature, both surveys and interviews were used for data collection. The sample consisted of 64 North African migrants from Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria (North Africa) residing in France, Spain, and Italy (EU). Key findings revealed that North African migrants had diverse remittance behaviors, with varying frequencies and amounts sent home. Trust in traditional banks remained high due to familiarity, cultural norms, and accessibility issues in rural areas. However, neobanks offered significant cost savings, with potential annual savings ranging from €30 to €134 depending on the monthly remitted amount that ranges between a €100 and a €1000 . Adoption of neobanks was higher among younger, and digitally literate migrants with better access to technology. Barriers to wider adoption of neobanks included limited digital and financial literacy, lack of necessary technology in home countries, and cultural resistance to change. High regulatory and compliance costs for traditional banks also contributed to inflated remittance fees. To address these issues, the paper recommends enhancing market competition, improving access to new payment technologies, encouraging larger remittances through incentives, learning from successful public bank models like France's La Banque Postale, and fostering financial literacy and digital inclusion. Additionally, it suggests building trust and cultural sensitivity, investing in robust cybersecurity measures, and developing offline transaction capabilities to increase accessibility for migrants in remote areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GIS-based multi-criteria approach for ranking suitable areas for the implementation of PV-Powered MCDI desalination plants in the Rheris Watershed, Southeast Morocco","authors":"Ismail Ait Lahssaine ,&nbsp;Badre Messaoudi ,&nbsp;Lahcen Kabiri ,&nbsp;Abdelhakim Kadiri ,&nbsp;Badre Essafraoui ,&nbsp;Edgardo Cañas Kurz ,&nbsp;Ulrich Hellriegel ,&nbsp;Jan Hoinkis","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In Morocco's oases, which rely heavily on surface water from mountain sources, the threat of decreasing rainfall presents a significant challenge, leading to a decline in surface water availability. This study focuses on the Rheris Watershed in Southeast Morocco, where brackish water desalination emerges as a viable alternative to ensure sustainable water supply for agriculture. Prior to the deployment of a pilot plant integrating a desalination unit, selecting an optimal site for PV-powered MCDI desalination plants was critical. This selection was based on a range of criteria, including Groundwater Quantity, Global Horizontal Irradiation, Temperature, Evaporation, Water Salinity, Water Quantity, Well Density and Slope. These criteria were evaluated using a combination of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and geospatial data obtained from Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques.</p><p>This case study in the Rheris watershed identified potential sites for future Membrane Capacitive Deionization (MCDI) desalination projects, High suitability areas encompass 280.45 km² (30.91 %), located west of Tinejdad, Khettarat Moulay Hachem, north of Goulmima, and south of Tinghir. Low suitability areas cover 63.75 km² (7.02 % of the study area), including regions south of Tadighoust and Tinejdad. Moderate suitability areas span 562.86 km² (62.05 %), involving central regions of Goulmima, Tadighoust, Tinejdad, and Tinghir. Based on the results of the study, the recommendations include focusing on areas identified as highly suitable for MCDI technology for sustainable agriculture, refining selection criteria based on local data, exploring brine management strategies, and adopting integrated water management approaches to ensure sustainable resource use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003387/pdfft?md5=a04f793d009e3fb60fea42ea89a5a38d&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003387-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering geological investigation of Gololcha dam for evaluation of leakage and abutment slope stability, Eastern Ethiopia","authors":"Sishaw Merdassa ,&nbsp;Tola Garo ,&nbsp;Yadeta C. Chemeda ,&nbsp;Shankar Karuppannan ,&nbsp;Mahlet Tesfaye","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ethiopian economy is primarily dependent on agriculture, making the construction of water harvesting facilities, such as dams, crucial for improving the productivity of this sector. The ongoing construction of the Gololcha dam on the Kurkura River located in Eastern Ethiopia aims to enhance irrigation schemes in the region. However, the dam site's complex geological and structural conditions pose challenges related to leakage and slope instability. Hence, this study focuses on addressing the abutment slope stability and leakage condition of this dam. This study employed kinematic analysis and the Limit Equilibrium Method (LEM) to assess slope stability. Additionally, engineering geological mapping, discontinuity surveys, seismic refraction tomography (SRT), and in-situ permeability testing were used to evaluate the leakage condition of the dam site. Notably, the permeability and SRT survey results identified potential leakage zones to the depth of 35, 30, and 35 m at the left, right, and central foundations of the dam, respectively. The kinematic method revealed one planar and two wedge modes of failure in the slope section covered by slightly weathered and fractured basalt rock at the right abutment. Further stability analysis of these two modes of failures via LEM analysis indicated slope instability under saturated conditions, emphasizing the role of pore water pressure. Furthermore, LEM modeling was directly utilized using the Slide 6.0 software to analyze the slope stability condition of the left abutment of the dam. This modeling also uncovered instability under saturated conditions. Based on the study findings, this study recommended curtain grouting to address potential leakage, as well as slope flattening and removing unstable rock wedges and loose material to stabilize unstable slope sections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-criteria decision-based hybrid energy selection system using CRITIC weighted CODAS approach","authors":"Olumuyiwa Taiwo Amusan ,&nbsp;Nnamdi Ikechi Nwulu ,&nbsp;Saheed Lekan Gbadamosi","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A complex and multicriteria decision making (MCDM) problem arises in a bid to select the most appropriate hybrid energy system among several combinations in distributed electricity generation as it involves conflicting criteria that must be simultaneously considered. In this work, Criteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) along with Combinative Distance-Based Assessment (CODAS) was employed to select a suitable hybrid energy system combination for water pumping from four conflicting alternatives of Biomass-Battery (S1), PV-Battery (S2), PV-Biomass (S3), and PV-Biomass-Battery (S4) by objective weight estimation. This was followed by a confirmation by the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method for the solution. The results presented show that CRITIC method reveals 0.275, 0.224, 0.248, and 0.252 as different weights of the four alternatives of S1, S2, S3, and S4, respectively. The ranking results reveal S4 as the best alternative based on an assessment score of 0.4693. The same hybrid system was confirmed by ARAS based on overall performance and degree of utility of 0.287697 and 0.823716, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02372"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of river sand mining and waste management on the Volta Lake: A case study of Asutsuare","authors":"Daniel Kwaku Amoah ,&nbsp;Esi Awuah ,&nbsp;Isaac O.A. Hodgson ,&nbsp;Miriam Appiah-Brempong ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Von-Kiti ,&nbsp;Isaac Nii Yartey Nyarko","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The safety of drinking water is becoming more crucial as the world's population is increasing and anthropogenic activities which pollute water resources are intensifying. This study was carried out between June and August of 2022 to determine the physicochemical and microbial parameters of the Volta Lake at Asutsuare due to sand mining activities and to evaluate how well coconut husk biochar could remove these contaminants. Water samples were taken from one meter below the surface at the upstream, midstream (sand mining site) and downstream once a week for three months. Water samples from the midstream were passed through a coconut husk biochar column to determine its ability to remove pollutants in the water samples. Compared to the upstream, there was a significant difference (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) in colour, turbidity, iron, manganese, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total coliform and total suspended solids from the water sampled from the midstream and downstream sites. Moreover, these values also exceeded the WHO guidelines. There were no significant differences (<em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) between the midstream, the upstream and downstream sampling sites for the following parameters: zinc, lead, copper, conductivity, TDS, temperature, faecal coliform, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and pH. Biochar from coconut husk was used once and seems to be a highly effective sorbent for removing pollutants from water samples (&gt;70 % removal efficiency).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02359"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to: A combined administration of GABA agonist and L-histidine synergistically alleviates obesity-induced neuro-lipotoxicity and distorted metabolic transcriptome [Scientific African 24 (2024) e02177]","authors":"Esam S. Al-Malki ,&nbsp;Omar A. Ahmed-Farid ,&nbsp;Mahmoud M.A. Moustafa ,&nbsp;Shimaa A. Haredy ,&nbsp;Omnia A. Badr ,&nbsp;Nesreen Nabil Omar ,&nbsp;Robert J. Linhardt ,&nbsp;Mohamad Warda","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624002898/pdfft?md5=31fdca1ec4c8c788ee4e5bcc34408b89&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624002898-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the effect of information and communication technologies on employment growth in Ghana: The role of enterprise formality","authors":"Xiaolan Fu ,&nbsp;Elvis Korku Avenyo","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02394","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02394","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The employment effect of information and communication technologies (ICT) on firm performance remains a critical topic for policy and academic research. However, our understanding of the ICT-employment growth relationship in both informal and formal sectors in developing countries remains limited. Based on repeated cross-sectional data collected in 2013 and 2015 on 483 Ghanaian manufacturing enterprises and estimating a Feasible Generalised Least Squares (FGLS) regression model, the findings show that access to the internet leads to employment growth in enterprises, while the adoption of mobile phone technologies reduces the number of workers in enterprises. The positive effect of internet access on employment growth tends to be greater in enterprises with a higher degree of formality, while informal enterprises appear to remain small in terms of employment by using internet technology. We discuss these findings and their implications for digital technology policy in developing countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003363/pdfft?md5=60699609eff225fc40f1c253392d98b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003363-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}