Scientific African最新文献_第3页

Short-term tillage management effects on grain sorghum growth, yield and selected properties of sandy soil in a sub-tropical climate, South Africa

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02556

H.Z. Mabasa , A.D. Nciizah , P. Muchaonyerwa

Poor soil fertility and water holding capacity, coupled with climate change, threaten smallholder agriculture under dryland conditions, particularly in sandy soils. The resilience of sorghum makes it an ideal candidate crop for conservation agriculture (CA), under these conditions, but its productivity and effectiveness could depend on the cultivar used, planting time, tillage, and rotation. This study determined the effects of these factors on selected soil properties, growth and grain yield of two sorghum cultivars in sandy soils, under semi-arid conditions. The trial was conducted between 2019 and 2022 on a sandy soil with <10 % clay and <1.0 % carbon, at Clau-Clau village in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. The experiment had a randomized complete block design (RCBD) set up, in a strip-split-split-plot treatment structure with three replications. The treatment factors were tillage (conventional tillage (CT) and no-till (NT)), planting date (early and late), and rotation (with cowpea or sorghum monoculture) and sorghum cultivar (Pan 8816 and Macia). In the second growing season, early planted sorghum outperformed the late planted crop, with 44.4 % greater height and 36.1 % higher 1000-seed weight. Furthermore, the grain yield (1.33 and 0.56 t/ha, respectively) and dry matter yield (2.38 and 1.10 t/ha, respectively) were significantly higher for early than late planting in season 2. The NT treatment had significantly higher SOC, available P and exchangeable K than CT treatment in season 2. In season 3, early planting had 30.4 % higher exchangeable K than late planting, while NT increased total N and SOC by 50 and 34.8 %, respectively than CT. The findings of this study show the positive effects of early planting and NT on sorghum grain and dry matter yields, while effects on soil properties were greater during the season with higher rainfall, with no effects of cultivar and rotation on this infertile sandy soil.

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of gram-negative bacterial causes of urinary tract infection and their antimicrobial susceptibility profile at the university teaching hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02558

Christine Kapesa , Enock Mulowa Mumbula , Harriet C. Kwenda

Background

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infections in healthcare facilities in developing countries. They are often treated empirically based on local etiological agents and bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility data.

Objective

To determine the prevalence, etiological agents, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Urinary Tract Infections at the University Teaching Hospitals in Lusaka, Zambia.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on in-patients of all age groups and gender. A total of 621 urine samples were processed in the bacteriology laboratory. Bacterial identification of aetiological agents of UTIs was done on the Vitek 2 Compact, while antimicrobial susceptibility was done using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20 was used for data analysis.

Results

There was a total number of 108 (17.6 %) significant bacteriuria growth. Gram-negative bacteria isolates constituted 75 %, and Gram-positive were 25 %. Escherichia coli was the dominant isolate at 41.7 %, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae at 19.4 %. Gram-negative showed high resistance ampicillin 96.2 %, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 87.3 %, and ciprofloxacin 64.2 %. Nitrofurantoin (25.3 %) and piperacillin/tazobactam (4.9 %) had a low resistant rate, while all isolates had 100 % susceptibility to imipenem.

Conclusion

Gram-negative bacteria, especially E. coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the common causes of UTI at the study site. These isolates showed a high rate of resistance to the recommended antibiotics used in the treatment of UTIs. Routine monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of uropathogens should be encouraged to guide treatment of UTIs. Local antibiograms should be developed and/or updated to guide UTIs’ treatment.

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the ecotoxicological impact of hospital wastewater on nile tilapia and the mitigating effects of NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposite

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02536

Sally M. Salaah , Elham H.A. Ali , Amr B. Mostafa , Magdy T. Khalil , Marwa M. El-Naggar

The current study evaluated the toxic effects of raw and diluted hospital wastewaters (HWW) on the Nile tilapia, with a focus on antioxidant defense mechanisms, lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and metallothionein (MT) levels. Furthermore, the present study assessed the efficacy and safety of using a NiFe₂O₄ nanocomposite (NiFe₂O₄NC) for treating HWW to reduce its ecotoxic impact on aquatic organisms, particularly fish. The Nile tilapia specimens were exposed to various doses of HWW in its raw form, diluted to 50 %, and 25 %, as well as to raw treated with NiFe₂O₄ nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.1 g/ L for 14 days. The study measured the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), as well as biomarkers of oxidative stress such as lipid peroxidation (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), and metallothionein (MT). The results demonstrated that NiFe₂O₄NC effectively removed 85 % of pharmaceuticals (PhACs) from HWW. In contrast, raw HWW exhibited reduced dissolved oxygen (DO) levels and increased turbidity, exceeding the Canadian Council Guidelines for the Protection of Aquatic Life (CCME) guidelines for the protection of aquatic life. A concentration-dependent response was observed, characterized by a reduced activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR, alongside increased levels of LPO, NO, and MT in the liver, brain, and gills of the Nile tilapia exposed to HWW. Fish exposed to HWW treated with NiFe₂O₄NC showed enhanced antioxidant defense responses and lower levels of LPO, NO, and MT across all examined tissues compared to those exposed to untreated HWW. These data suggested that HWW induced an excessive production of various free radicals, including superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide, leading to an oxidative damage in hepatic, cerebral, and branchial tissues. In contrast, NiFe₂O₄NC treatment created less stressful conditions for the Nile tilapia compared to raw and diluted HWW. These findings highlight the effectiveness of NiFe₂O₄NC in mitigating the adverse effects of pharmaceutical contaminants in aquatic environments and minimizing the impact on fish.

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引用次数: 0

Geospatial mapping and multi-criteria analysis of groundwater potential in Libo Kemkem watershed, upper blue Nile River basin, Ethiopia

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02549

Engdaw Gulbet Tebege , Zemenu Molla Birara , Sisay Getahun Takele , Muralitharan Jothimani

This study aimed to delineate groundwater potential zones in the Libo Kemkem watershed, Northwestern Ethiopia, utilizing an integrated approach combining Remote Sensing (RS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Thematic layers such as slope, rainfall, drainage density, lineament density, soil, land use/land cover, distance from rivers, lithology, and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used to assess groundwater potential. The weighted overlay analysis revealed that approximately 40% of the study area exhibited high groundwater potential, while 27% showed low to very low potential. Areas with flat terrain, high rainfall, and dense lineaments were identified as the most favorable for groundwater recharge, whereas regions with steep slopes and poor soil permeability had limited potential. The results were validated using field data from 11 wells, yielding an overall accuracy of 81.8%, supported by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, which produced an AUC value of 60.4%, indicating satisfactory model performance. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of RS, GIS, and AHP as a cost-effective and efficient method for groundwater potential mapping. These findings provide critical insights for sustainable water resource management, guiding the development of groundwater extraction strategies in high-potential areas and conservation efforts in low-potential zones. Future research should focus on integrating machine learning techniques, expanding field validation with more well data, and investigating the long-term impacts of climate change on groundwater recharge.

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引用次数: 0

Harmonizing epidemic dynamics: A fractional calculus approach to optimal control strategies for cholera transmission

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02545

Sunday Oluwafemi Gbodogbe

Cholera remains a persistent global health challenge, demanding innovative approaches for effective control and mitigation. In this groundbreaking study, I delve into the intricate interplay between mathematical modeling, fractional calculus theory, and optimal control strategies to elucidate the dynamics of cholera transmission and propose evidence-based interventions. My investigation begins by establishing foundational principles of fractional calculus theory, providing a robust framework for analyzing infectious disease dynamics. Through a comprehensive epidemiological model, I delineate the transmission dynamics of cholera, stratifying populations into susceptible, infected, and recovered cohorts. I integrate parameters such as contact rates, mortality rates, and re-susceptibility rates to capture the complexity of cholera dynamics within human and vector populations. Central to my analysis are the derived Caputo fractional differential equations, which elegantly capture the fractional fluctuations inherent in disease propagation. Leveraging mathematical analysis, I demonstrate the positivity and boundedness of solutions, establishing non-negative invariants crucial for understanding disease dynamics. Furthermore, I explore optimal control strategies aimed at mitigating cholera transmission. By introducing vaccination campaigns and prompt treatment modalities, I elucidate their profound impact on susceptible, infected, and recovered populations. My findings underscore the transformative potential of targeted interventions, despite initial observations of counterintuitive trends, such as increases in susceptible populations with intensified control efforts. Through numerical simulations, I provide visual representations of cholera dynamics, offering insights into the temporal evolution of the disease and the effectiveness of control measures. My results demonstrate the efficacy of vaccination campaigns and prompt treatment strategies in curbing cholera incidence, paving the way for evidence-based interventions. In conclusion, my study offers a paradigm shift in understanding and controlling cholera transmission. By integrating mathematical modeling, fractional calculus theory, and optimal control strategies, I provide a comprehensive framework for tackling infectious diseases. This groundbreaking approach holds promise for informing public health policies and mitigating the global burden of cholera and beyond.

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引用次数: 0

Group acceptance sampling plan based on truncated life tests for the Kumaraswamy Bell–Rayleigh distribution

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02537

Sadia Nadir , Muhammad Aslam , Kizito E. Anyiam , Etaf Alshawarbeh , Okechukwu J. Obulezi

This article is focusing on a group acceptance sampling plan for the Kumaraswamy Bell–Rayleigh distribution based on truncated life tests. For a specified group, the mean ratio as a quality measure is being used to determine the minimum number of lots and the acceptance number needed to satisfy a particular consumer’s and producer’s risk which is assisting in the determination of the test termination time and required number of testers. In addition, simulation studies to demonstrate the stability and accuracy of the estimates are being carrying out together with the hypothetical illustration of the Group acceptance sampling plan based on the Kumaraswamy Bell–Rayleigh model. The values of the operating characteristic function are being obtained using various quality levels. The new distribution utility is being justifying with data on the COVID-19 death rate in Angola and the supply of protein in Afghanistan. Preliminary data diagnostics reveal that the two data sets are quasi-normal with only a data point causing the first data to deviate from normality. The results reveal that the proposed model fits the data better than the other fitted models and is also preferred in the estimation of parameters. In addition, from the life example, the applicability of the proposed group acceptance sampling plan under the new model was showcased.

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引用次数: 0

Remote sensing application in compliment to in-situ monitoring of water quality: Lower Manyame Sub-catchment, Zimbabwe

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02551

Hardlife Muhoyi , Webster Gumindoga , Alexander Mhizha , Shepherd N. Misi , Ntandokamlimu Nondo

Lower Manyame Sub-catchment (LMS) is highly threatened by land surface-pollution. This study assessed use of existing empirical algorithms to monitor spatio-temporal variation of surface water quality using Sentinel-2, for catchment protection. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD₅), total phosphorous (TP) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were determined for 12 sites in LMS. Spearman's correlation coefficient, r was used to assess the effect of river catchment condition on surface water quality. The most significant negative relationship was found between TP and elevation (r = −0.70; p = 0.011) and COD and slope (r = −0.70, p = 0.012) whereas the weakest negative relationship was between BOD₅ and elevation (r = −0.10; p = 0.761). Coefficient of determination was used to assess the prediction capacity of remote sensing algorithms in determining surface water quality. The best R² value of 0.92 (TN) and a fair R² of 0.51 (TSS) were observed during the wet season. The research showed that marginal and inaccessible catchments could be monitored using existing empirical algorithms. This study gave insights to environmental custodians to be able to monitor and determine the spatio-temporal variation of water quality in catchments’ rivers, using LMS as an example.

{"title":"Remote sensing application in compliment to in-situ monitoring of water quality: Lower Manyame Sub-catchment, Zimbabwe","authors":"Hardlife Muhoyi , Webster Gumindoga , Alexander Mhizha , Shepherd N. Misi , Ntandokamlimu Nondo","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lower Manyame Sub-catchment (LMS) is highly threatened by land surface-pollution. This study assessed use of existing empirical algorithms to monitor spatio-temporal variation of surface water quality using Sentinel-2, for catchment protection. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD<sub>5</sub>), total phosphorous (TP) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) were determined for 12 sites in LMS. Spearman's correlation coefficient, r was used to assess the effect of river catchment condition on surface water quality. The most significant negative relationship was found between TP and elevation (<em>r</em> = −0.70; <em>p</em> = 0.011) and COD and slope (<em>r</em> = −0.70, <em>p =</em> 0.012) whereas the weakest negative relationship was between BOD<sub>5</sub> and elevation (<em>r</em> = −0.10; <em>p =</em> 0.761). Coefficient of determination was used to assess the prediction capacity of remote sensing algorithms in determining surface water quality. The best <em>R</em><sup>2</sup> value of 0.92 (TN) and a fair <em>R<sup>2</sup></em> of 0.51 (TSS) were observed during the wet season. The research showed that marginal and inaccessible catchments could be monitored using existing empirical algorithms. This study gave insights to environmental custodians to be able to monitor and determine the spatio-temporal variation of water quality in catchments’ rivers, using LMS as an example.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article e02551"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum using optical tweezers

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02553

Abadê Ange-Boris N'guessan , Pavel Yale , Edoukoua Jean Michel Konin , Michel Abaka Kouacou , Zoueu Thouakesseh Jérémie

The biological function of the human red blood cell (RBC) is primarily determined by its biconcave shape and deformability. However, this property of red blood cells can be disrupted by certain diseases such as malaria. In this article, we studied the mechanical properties of healthy and Plasmodium falciparum-infected human red blood cells (IRBCs) based on the deformation produced by lateral indentation with an optically trapped silica bead. The cell and the microbead float freely in the liquid. The microbead is trapped first and then brought into interaction with the red blood cell. The Boltzmann statistical method was used for force calibration from images captured with a CCD camera. With forces below 80 pN and using the Hertz model, the elasticity modulus (Young's modulus) and the shear modulus for different types of red blood cells were determined. The mean values of the cell shear modulus measured during indentation were

(3.37 \pm 0.80) μ N / m

for healthy RBCs and

(13.78 \pm 2.30) μ N / m

for infected RBCs. These values, compared to those in the literature, show that these developed approaches are well-suited for studying the mechanical properties of biological cells. These results are important for elucidating information about malaria and for aiding in the development of new diagnostic methods.

{"title":"Characterization of red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum using optical tweezers","authors":"Abadê Ange-Boris N'guessan , Pavel Yale , Edoukoua Jean Michel Konin , Michel Abaka Kouacou , Zoueu Thouakesseh Jérémie","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biological function of the human red blood cell (RBC) is primarily determined by its biconcave shape and deformability. However, this property of red blood cells can be disrupted by certain diseases such as malaria. In this article, we studied the mechanical properties of healthy and Plasmodium falciparum-infected human red blood cells (IRBCs) based on the deformation produced by lateral indentation with an optically trapped silica bead. The cell and the microbead float freely in the liquid. The microbead is trapped first and then brought into interaction with the red blood cell. The Boltzmann statistical method was used for force calibration from images captured with a CCD camera. With forces below 80 pN and using the Hertz model, the elasticity modulus (Young's modulus) and the shear modulus for different types of red blood cells were determined. The mean values of the cell shear modulus measured during indentation were <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>3.37</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace><mn>0.80</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> for healthy RBCs and <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mrow><mn>13.78</mn><mspace></mspace><mo>±</mo><mn>2.30</mn></mrow><mo>)</mo><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mi>N</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>m</mi></mrow></math></span> for infected RBCs. These values, compared to those in the literature, show that these developed approaches are well-suited for studying the mechanical properties of biological cells. These results are important for elucidating information about malaria and for aiding in the development of new diagnostic methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article e02553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessment of physicochemical and antibacterial properties of structured water samples from Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02533

Abiodun H. Adebayo , Okukwe C. Obode , Bosede T. Adekeye , Bamidele Durodola

We investigated the effect of structuring potable water with QNET Amezcua Bio Disc 3 (BD3). Seven water samples, including public tap, borehole, rain, bottled (2 brands), distilled, and sachet water, obtained from Ota, Nigeria, were analyzed for their physicochemical and antibacterial properties. The water samples were placed on the BD3 for 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours respectively, with the unstructured water serving as the control. Physicochemical properties were evaluated using standard methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), elemental analysis was executed using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while microbial analysis was done using the most probable number method. Results showed that the samples' appearance, color, taste, and odor were clear, colorless, and unobjectionable. The alkalinity of the sachet (160 ± 2.01mg/l) and bottled (240 ± 1.12mg/l) water samples after treatment with BD3 was enhanced compared to the control sample (124 ± 1.00mg/l). F u r t h e r m o r e, supercharging with BD3 significantly (p<0.05) increased the pH and alkalinity of the water. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in electrical conductance of all structured water samples when compared with the control groups except in sachet and borehole water samples. No significant (p>0.05) effect was observed for total dissolved solids when comparing the structured samples with the control. Most parameters assayed for were within the allowable limits. No heavy metals were detected. Supercharging up to 5 times enhanced the concentrations of calcium, potassium, iron, and magnesium ions significantly (p<0.05) across the groups compared to the control samples, while the sodium ion was significantly (p<0.05) reduced as the water samples were serially charged with the BD3. Supercharging of the infected autoclaved distilled water samples significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total viable count at low concentrations of E. coli. In conclusion, BD3 impacts high electrical conductivity on the structured water samples with increased efficacy of solved minerals and a potential antibacterial effect.

{"title":"Assessment of physicochemical and antibacterial properties of structured water samples from Ota, Ogun State, Nigeria","authors":"Abiodun H. Adebayo , Okukwe C. Obode , Bosede T. Adekeye , Bamidele Durodola","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02533","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02533","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigated the effect of structuring potable water with QNET Amezcua Bio Disc 3 (BD3). Seven water samples, including public tap, borehole, rain, bottled (2 brands), distilled, and sachet water, obtained from Ota, Nigeria, were analyzed for their physicochemical and antibacterial properties. The water samples were placed on the BD3 for 15 and 30 minutes, 1, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours respectively, with the unstructured water serving as the control. Physicochemical properties were evaluated using standard methods described by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC), elemental analysis was executed using the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while microbial analysis was done using the most probable number method. Results showed that the samples' appearance, color, taste, and odor were clear, colorless, and unobjectionable. The alkalinity of the sachet (160 ± 2.01mg/l) and bottled (240 ± 1.12mg/l) water samples after treatment with BD3 was enhanced compared to the control sample (124 ± 1.00mg/l). F u r t h e r m o r e, supercharging with BD3 significantly (p<0.05) increased the pH and alkalinity of the water. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in electrical conductance of all structured water samples when compared with the control groups except in sachet and borehole water samples. No significant (p>0.05) effect was observed for total dissolved solids when comparing the structured samples with the control. Most parameters assayed for were within the allowable limits. No heavy metals were detected. Supercharging up to 5 times enhanced the concentrations of calcium, potassium, iron, and magnesium ions significantly (p<0.05) across the groups compared to the control samples, while the sodium ion was significantly (p<0.05) reduced as the water samples were serially charged with the BD3. Supercharging of the infected autoclaved distilled water samples significantly (p<0.05) reduced the total viable count at low concentrations of <em>E. coli</em>. In conclusion, BD3 impacts high electrical conductivity on the structured water samples with increased efficacy of solved minerals and a potential antibacterial effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article e02533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cinnamomum verum (Syn. C. zeylanicum) bark ethanolic extract inhibits carbohydrate digestive enzymes and enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-adipocytes: Insights from in vitro and computational perspectives

IF 2.7 Q2 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Scientific African

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02539

Unathi L. Mnge , Corinne R. Ngnameko , Veronica F. Salau , Kolawole A. Olofinsan , Abhay P. Mishra , Motlalepula G. Matsabisa

Diabetes is a burdensome global disease that increases the risks of other vascular health complications and constantly contributing to global mortality rate. Over the years, medicinal plants have come in handy for the treatment and management of the disease. The present study was aimed at investigating the possible anti-diabetic activity of ethanolic extract of C. verum's bark using in vitro and in silico models. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of C. verum was determined as well as the quantification of polyphenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The inhibitory effect of C. verum on the carbohydrate digestive enzymes, α-glucosidase and α-amylase were elucidated as well as its effect on 3T3 adipocytes glucose uptake. HPLC-quantified compounds were docked with GLUT 4 glucose transporter and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). C. verum extract displayed a considerable level of phenolic and flavonoid contents, 223.69 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g and 5.03 ± 0.44 mg QE/g, respectively and significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited α-glucosidase (IC₅₀: 59.94 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC₅₀: 222.16 µg/mL) enzymes, while promoting adipocyte glucose uptake. Strong binding affinity was recorded in the docking of the HPLC-quantified compounds (gallic acid, quercetin, vanillic acid and ferulic acid) of C. verum ethanolic bark extract with GLUT 4 and PPAR-γ. The extract was not cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 fibroblast cell lines exposed for over 48 hrs. The results portray C. verum’s bark ethanolic extract as a potential target for glycemic control by its demonstrated α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory properties, which can be attributed to its phyto-constituents. Future in vivo studies, supported by molecular analysis are recommended to corroborate these results.

{"title":"Cinnamomum verum (Syn. C. zeylanicum) bark ethanolic extract inhibits carbohydrate digestive enzymes and enhances glucose uptake in 3T3-adipocytes: Insights from in vitro and computational perspectives","authors":"Unathi L. Mnge , Corinne R. Ngnameko , Veronica F. Salau , Kolawole A. Olofinsan , Abhay P. Mishra , Motlalepula G. Matsabisa","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetes is a burdensome global disease that increases the risks of other vascular health complications and constantly contributing to global mortality rate. Over the years, medicinal plants have come in handy for the treatment and management of the disease. The present study was aimed at investigating the possible anti-diabetic activity of ethanolic extract of <em>C. verum's</em> bark using <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in silico</em> models. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of <em>C. verum</em> was determined as well as the quantification of polyphenolic compounds by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The inhibitory effect of <em>C. verum</em> on the carbohydrate digestive enzymes, α-glucosidase and α-amylase were elucidated as well as its effect on 3T3 adipocytes glucose uptake. HPLC-quantified compounds were docked with GLUT 4 glucose transporter and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ). <em>C. verum</em> extract displayed a considerable level of phenolic and flavonoid contents, 223.69 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g and 5.03 ± 0.44 mg QE/g, respectively and significantly (<em>p</em> < 0.05) inhibited α-glucosidase (IC<sub>50</sub>: 59.94 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC<sub>50</sub>: 222.16 µg/mL) enzymes, while promoting adipocyte glucose uptake. Strong binding affinity was recorded in the docking of the HPLC-quantified compounds (gallic acid, quercetin, vanillic acid and ferulic acid) of <em>C. verum</em> ethanolic bark extract with GLUT 4 and PPAR-γ. The extract was not cytotoxic to 3T3-L1 fibroblast cell lines exposed for over 48 hrs. The results portray <em>C. verum</em>’s bark ethanolic extract as a potential target for glycemic control by its demonstrated α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory properties, which can be attributed to its phyto-constituents. Future <em>in vivo</em> studies, supported by molecular analysis are recommended to corroborate these results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article e02539"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143098424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0