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Diet for Pregnant Women from the Viewpoint of Islam and Islamic Culture 从伊斯兰教和伊斯兰文化的角度看孕妇饮食
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I8.1652
F. Ghaderi
In this study, the researcher intends to review traditional beliefs related to dietary habits of women during pregnancy and delivery from the viewpoint of Islam; what kinds of foods, it knows, are harmful to pregnant women, and also how much is the impact of religious thoughts on nutrition, health and hygiene during pregnancy; in the end, what the researcher attends to is the resulting effect and changes in people’s thinking in the field of pregnant women’s nutrition created as a result of cultural, social and economic changes as well as understanding of some applied aspects of traditional health and nutrition study and its beliefs in order to promote the level of community health which is effective in representing some part of community health culture and more enrichment of people’s culture.
在本研究中,研究者打算从伊斯兰教的角度回顾与妇女怀孕和分娩期间饮食习惯相关的传统信仰;它知道什么样的食物对孕妇有害,宗教思想对怀孕期间的营养、健康和卫生的影响有多大;最后,研究人员关注的是由于文化、社会和经济的变化,以及对传统健康和营养研究的一些应用方面及其信仰的理解,在孕妇营养领域产生的人们思维的影响和变化,以促进社区健康水平的提高,有效地代表了社区健康文化的一部分,更加丰富了人们的文化。
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引用次数: 0
A summary of sleep reporting and prediction ceremony in Ferdowsi’s Shahname 费尔多西《沙名》中睡眠报告与预测仪式概述
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/sjr.v3i8.1587
Pari Malmoly
In Shahname of wise of the Tus, a range of ceremonial issues, such as food, clothing, partying, eating, sleeping and dreaming to monarchy rituals with many possible patterns are written, and these are the signs of the perfection of the Shahname, and undoubtedly all of these issues are happened in our lives that their existential philosophy should be studied. One of the things that were most interesting for the ancestors was the prediction of dreams and that part of the astronomy which extracted laws and their effects on human beings’ fate. This paper is about dreaming and prediction ceremony and to explore how events are appeared in our dreams before they have been occurred. And who knows these issues. Was it just the dreams of kings and heroes predicted? Or is it possible for common people’s dreams to be predicted? What is the relation between dream, the unseen worlds and witness?
在《沙名》中,从饮食、衣着、聚会、饮食、睡眠、做梦到君主仪式等一系列礼仪问题,以及许多可能的模式都被写了下来,这些都是沙名完美的标志,毫无疑问,这些问题都发生在我们的生活中,它们的存在哲学应该被研究。对祖先来说,最有趣的事情之一是对梦的预测,以及天文学中提取规律及其对人类命运的影响的那一部分。这篇论文是关于梦和预测仪式,并探讨事件是如何在我们的梦发生之前出现的。谁知道这些问题。这只是国王和英雄们的梦吗?或者普通人的梦有可能被预测吗?梦、看不见的世界和见证之间的关系是什么?
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引用次数: 0
Justification of Intellectual Property Rights, Using Game Theory Approach 知识产权的正当性:运用博弈论方法
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/sjr.v3i8.1585
Amir Gheisarzadeh, S. Kheradmandy
The creation of intellectual rights protection is a challenging task, Since its creation. Protection of the rights  and granted the exclusive right to use, Creates the social costs. In other words, Due to lack of access of other people's ,to this invention Economic and industrial development is reduced In contrast,  The lack of support for inventors Reduce the incentives for people to produce intellectual property. Therefore, the Legislators to support or not support the creation of intellectual rights , Faced by The challenge to equilibrium Between  protecting the Private  interests and Motivation for the production of intellectual goods and, And protect social benefits of access to intellectual goods. It must be said that intellectual property rights  Directly effective On innovations, inventions and technology transfer Into the country. In this paper, Different perspective on the necessity of protecting the rights and shall be reviewed, To determine why that is and why these rights should be protected and ,What is the basis for this support.
创造知识产权保护是一项具有挑战性的任务,自创造以来。保护权利和授予专有使用权,创造了社会成本。换句话说,由于缺乏其他人的获取,对这一发明的经济和产业发展是减少的。相反,缺乏对发明者的支持减少了人们生产知识产权的动机。因此,立法者在支持或不支持知识产权创造的问题上,面临着保护私人利益与知识产品生产动机之间的平衡,以及保护社会利益获得知识产品之间的平衡的挑战。必须说,知识产权对创新、发明和技术转让具有直接效力。本文从不同的角度对保护这些权利的必要性和必要性进行了回顾,以确定为什么是这样,为什么这些权利应该得到保护,以及,这种支持的依据是什么。
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引用次数: 0
Comparing the rate of applying Knowledge Management in Guidance Schools of Education Districts 1 and 4 in Tabriz 比较大不里士市第一教育区和第四教育区辅导学校应用知识管理的比率
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I8.1586
Z. Barzegar, S. M. Avarsin
This study aimed to compare the application of Knowledge Management in Education, Tabriz guidance schools districts 1 and 4 was performed. Research methods, descriptive - survey, and the population is 392 people of principals and teachers, using Cochran formula, 86, and 258, respectively, stratified sampling method was chosen. Measuring instruments, Bokoitz and Williams Knowledge Management questionnaire, with a reliability of 0.89 is. For data analysis, Student's t test and Friedman were used, and the results showed that the Tabriz guidance schools districts 1 and 4, the components of knowledge management applications, such as to acquire knowledge, applying knowledge, learn from the knowledge process, sharing and exchanging knowledge, and optimal use of knowledge, there is no significant difference. However, evaluation knowledge, and create and consolidate knowledge, there are significant differences. The components of the optimal use of knowledge, apply knowledge, evaluating knowledge, create and consolidate knowledge, sharing and exchanging knowledge, to acquire knowledge, and learn from the knowledge process, the highest rank in regions 1 and 4, respectively.
本研究以大不里士一区与四区学校为研究对象,比较知识管理在教育中的应用。研究方法,采用描述性调查法,对人口为392人的校长和教师,分别采用科克伦公式86、258,采用分层抽样法。测量工具为Bokoitz and Williams知识管理问卷,信度为0.89。对数据进行分析,采用Student’st检验和Friedman检验,结果显示,大不里士区1区和4区指导学校在知识管理应用的组成部分,如获取知识、应用知识、从知识过程中学习、共享和交换知识、优化利用知识等方面,没有显著差异。但是,评价知识,与创造和巩固知识,有显著的区别。知识的最优利用、应用知识、评价知识、创造和巩固知识、共享和交换知识、获取知识和从知识过程中学习,分别在区域1和4中排名最高。
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引用次数: 0
A study of the rate of depression and its relation with dependency to others among university students 大学生抑郁率及其与他人依赖关系的研究
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/sjr.v3i8.1639
M. Naimi, Shi Naimi, A. Malekirad
Nowadays depression is a common disease increasing all around the world. Whereas almost half of those suffering from it are not aware of their disease or their disease is diagnosed as something else. The aim of this study is to examine the rate of depression and its relation with dependency to others among the students of Tafresh Payame Noor University. This study is conducted by descriptive-survey method. The statistical population consisted of 1000 university students(both male and female) and the sample volume with respect to Morgan's table was 278 people who selected by stratified-random sampling. 167 of them were female students and 111 of them were male students. In order to collect data  Beck's depression questionnaire and questionnaire of dependency to others were applied. To analyse data independent t-test and X2(Chi-squared test) were used. Findings:  The results of independent t-test showed that from the viewpoint of depression rate no significant difference exists between boys and girls and for purposes of emotional dependency a significant difference is observed between these two groups and among girls the mentioned point is more than boys. From the point of view of distrust no significant difference is declared among these two groups. Paying attention to autonomy clarified that there is a meaningful difference between these two groups and this point in boys are more than girls. Also the results of X2 test showed that there is a positive relation between emotional dependency and depression and  a positive relation is found between distrust and depression but there is no positive relation between autonomy and depression.
如今,抑郁症是一种常见病,在世界各地都在增加。然而,几乎一半的患者没有意识到他们的疾病,或者他们的疾病被诊断为其他疾病。摘要本研究旨在探讨塔富瑞大学学生抑郁率及其与他人依赖的关系。本研究采用描述性调查法进行。统计总体由1000名大学生组成(男女均有),摩根表的样本量为278人,采用分层随机抽样方法。其中女生167人,男生111人。采用贝克抑郁问卷和他人依赖问卷进行数据收集。数据分析采用独立t检验和X2(卡方检验)。结果:独立t检验结果显示,从抑郁率的角度来看,男孩和女孩之间没有显著差异;从情感依赖的角度来看,两组之间存在显著差异,女孩之间的差异大于男孩。从不信任的角度来看,两组之间没有显著差异。注意自主性澄清了这两组之间存在有意义的差异,这一点在男孩多于女孩。X2检验结果显示,情绪依赖与抑郁呈正相关,不信任与抑郁呈正相关,而自主与抑郁无正相关。
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引用次数: 1
Prior Selection: A Review 优先选择:回顾
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I8.1515
Gholamhossein Gholami, A. Etemadi
The prior distribution is the key to Bayesian inference and its determination is therefore the mostimportant step in drawing this inference. To some extent, it is also the most dicult. In this paper,we'll review dierent approaches of choosing prior distribution.
先验分布是贝叶斯推理的关键,因此先验分布的确定是贝叶斯推理中最重要的一步。在某种程度上,这也是最难的。在本文中,我们将回顾选择先验分布的不同方法。
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引用次数: 0
Studying the relationship between organizational justice and staff job commitment: A Case Study of Kerman State Tax Administration staff 组织公平与员工工作承诺的关系研究——以科尔曼国家税务局员工为例
Pub Date : 2014-08-20 DOI: 10.14196/sjr.v3i8.1643
S. Salajeghe, Leila Asgharpour
Organizational justice refers to the feelings and perception of staff in terms of behaviors and working relationships fairness. Several studies indicate that an increased sense of justice effects on different aspects of organizational behavior. Accordingly, this study sought to examine the relationship between organizational justice and job commitment of staff and tries to measure organizational justice aspects effects on (distributive justice, procedural justice, and interactional justice) staff job commitment. The statistical population of this study was 460 patients and 210 patients were selected as sample according to Morgan table and organizational justice and job commitment questionnaires were used to collect data after determining the validity and reliability. Organizational justice was examined in three aspects of distributive justice, procedural justice and interactional justice. Lisrel software was used for data analysis. The results of structural equations showed that path coefficient of distributive justice effect on job commitment is 0.23 and t-statistic is 2.29, and the interactional justice path coefficient effect on job commitment is 0.31 and t-statistic is 3.02 that is significant and positive in both relationships, but in the organizational procedural justice effect on job commitment, path coefficient is 0.10 and t-statistic is 0.99, it can be concluded that there is no significant relationship.
组织公平是指员工在行为和工作关系公平方面的感受和感知。几项研究表明,正义感的增强对组织行为的不同方面都有影响。因此,本研究试图检验组织公平与员工工作承诺的关系,并试图衡量组织公平对员工工作承诺(分配公平、程序公平和互动公平)的影响。本研究的统计人群为460名患者,根据Morgan表选取210名患者作为样本,在确定效度和信度后,采用组织公平感和工作承诺问卷进行数据收集。从分配公平、程序公平和互动公平三个方面考察组织公平。采用Lisrel软件进行数据分析。结构方程结果显示,分配公平对工作承诺的路径系数为0.23,t统计量为2.29;互动公平对工作承诺的路径系数为0.31,t统计量为3.02,两者均显著正相关,但组织程序公平对工作承诺的路径系数为0.10,t统计量为0.99,两者之间不存在显著关系。
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引用次数: 3
Optimizing energy consumption using new energies within residential buildings toward objectives of sustainable development 利用新能源优化住宅建筑的能源消耗,以实现可持续发展的目标
Pub Date : 2014-07-27 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I7.1601
Masumeh Alamrasi
Aim of this study is to provide solutions as to optimizing energyconsumption using new energies within residential buildings toward purposes ofsustainable development. Using fossil fuels causes increasing pollution anddestruction of the environment. Solution to maintaining the environment anddesigning buildings according to climatic circumstances and sustainablearchitecture development principles is using new and clean energies and this isa step toward reducing energy waste within buildings. This solution is broadlyused in industrial countries and recently in Iran. Such energies are in fullinteraction with the environment and result in reduction of damage to theenvironment. Therefore,  this studyinvestigate and introduces new energies and solutions as to using new energiesincluding new energy systems encompassing non carbon sources of energy such assolar, wind, geothermal and neutral carbon energy like biomass in order tolower usage of energy within residential buildings as a model for architecturalplans toward  reduction in energyconsumption for economic development and interaction with the environment which  are among fundamental objectives ofsustainable development.
本研究的目的是提供解决方案,以优化能源消耗的住宅建筑内使用的新能源,以达到可持续发展的目的。使用化石燃料造成越来越多的污染和对环境的破坏。根据气候情况和可持续建筑发展原则,维护环境和设计建筑的解决方案是使用新的清洁能源,这是减少建筑内能源浪费的一步。这种解决方案在工业国家广泛使用,最近在伊朗也得到了应用。这些能量与环境充分相互作用,减少了对环境的破坏。因此,本研究调查和介绍新能源和解决方案,以使用新能源,包括新能源系统,包括非碳能源,如太阳能,风能,地热和中性碳能源,如生物质能,为了减少住宅建筑的能源使用,作为建筑规划的模型,以减少经济发展和与环境的相互作用的能源消耗,这是可持续发展的基本目标之一。
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引用次数: 0
Prioritizing components of water supply systems according to conditions of passive defense approach to achieve sustainable development 根据被动防御方式的条件对供水系统的组成部分进行优先排序,以实现可持续发展
Pub Date : 2014-07-27 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I7.1609
M. Adeli, Mohsen Azadi
Urban water supply network as an integralcomponent of every city is responsible for providing and transporting water whichis the most critical needs of the community. Any problem in this system impairscitizens' access to water. In the event of an earthquake or war or otherthreats, transmission and distribution networks are atrisk of serious damage and vulnerable. In designing water supply facilities, itis necessary to consider security infrastructure to cope with the crisis,in addition to theusual considerations of design. This subject isstudied in terms of passive defense engineering. Engineering passive defense isnecessary to reduce risk, control consequences of crisis and increase repairability which is discussed by implementing seemingly simple principle, butit is complicated in design and implementation. In this paper,sensitivity and risk-taking of different components of the water supply systemwith defensive measures is examined. Thus, strengths and weaknesses of each areidentified andpassive defense research priorities are determined for water supply facilities.
城市供水网络作为每个城市的一个组成部分,负责提供和运输社区最关键的用水需求。这个系统的任何问题都会损害市民的用水。在发生地震、战争或其他威胁的情况下,输配电网络面临严重损坏和脆弱的风险。在设计供水设施时,除了通常的设计考虑外,还需要考虑安全基础设施以应对危机。本课题是从被动防御工程的角度来研究的。工程被动防御是降低风险、控制危机后果和提高可修复性的必要条件,其原理看似简单,但在设计和实现上却是复杂的。本文研究了有防御措施的供水系统不同组成部分的敏感性和风险承担。因此,确定了各自的优势和劣势,并确定了供水设施的被动防御研究重点。
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引用次数: 2
Solar Energy as a Solution in Sustainable Architecture and Intelligent Buildings (Case study: Ahvaz city) 太阳能在可持续建筑和智能建筑中的应用(以阿瓦士市为例)
Pub Date : 2014-07-27 DOI: 10.14196/SJR.V3I7.1598
M. Nikpour, M. Adeli
The use of new energies isinevitable in line with sustainable development plans due to environmentalpollution, global warming and the increasing use of fossil fuels. The use offossil fuels is associated with greenhouse gas emissions and thereby globalwarming as well as secondary impacts such as desertification and dust storms inthe Middle East including in Iran. The use of renewable energy is the bestsolution to avoid greenhouse gas emissions. Ahvaz City with a population ofabout 1338126 people and 3080.2 sunny hours per year is located in southwesternIran. Ahvaz is among the best locations for application of solar systems. This is an analytical research carried out by desk study method. The presentpaper aims at evaluating the use of solar energy as a strategy for sustainablearchitecture and intelligent buildings in Ahwaz.
由于环境污染、全球变暖和化石燃料的日益使用,新能源的使用是符合可持续发展规划的必然选择。化石燃料的使用与温室气体排放有关,从而导致全球变暖,以及中东地区(包括伊朗)的荒漠化和沙尘暴等次生影响。使用可再生能源是避免温室气体排放的最佳解决方案。阿瓦士市位于伊朗西南部,人口约为1338126人,每年日照时间为3080.2小时。阿瓦士是应用太阳能系统的最佳地点之一。这是一项采用书桌学习方法进行的分析性研究。本文旨在评估在阿瓦士使用太阳能作为可持续建筑和智能建筑的战略。
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引用次数: 0
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Scientific Journal of Review
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