Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.002
{"title":"Professionnels de santé et les Jeux paralympiques 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 100-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.08.003
D. González-Devesa , S. Varela , J.C. Diz-Gómez , C. Ayán-Pérez
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>An evident reduction in flexibility has been observed among young individuals, highlighting the imperative requirement for strategies dedicated to the enhancement of flexibility. Assessing flexibility in children is of paramount importance owing to its intrinsic connection with motor competence, postural health, and the prevention of health-related issues.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Deep Trunk Flexion test in a primary school children.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>A total of 538 participants completed at least one trial of the Deep Trunk Flexion test; Sit and Reach test was used to identify the convergent validity of the Deep Trunk Flexion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated excellent relative reliability for the entire sample (ICC: 0.912; 95% CI [0.867–0.938]) and for the girls (ICC: 0.925; 95% CI [0.882–0.950]), while in the boys group reliability was good (ICC: 0.888; 95% CI [0.828–0.923]). Absolute reliability yielded good values, with an excellent SEM (1.8<!--> <!-->cm) and an acceptable MDC (5.1<!--> <!-->cm). Fair significant correlations were observed between both the Deep Trunk Flexion and the Sit and Reach for the entire sample (r: 0.431–0.450; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Deep Trunk Flexion is a valid, reliable, and useful test for assessing flexibility levels among primary school children.</div></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><div>Une réduction évidente de la souplesse est observée chez les jeunes, soulignant le besoin de stratégies dédiées à l’amélioration de la souplesse du rachis. L’évaluation de la souplesse chez les enfants revêt une importance primordiale en raison de ses relations avec la mobilité et les aptitudes motrices, la santé posturale et la prévention des problèmes de santé.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Cette étude visait à évaluer la validité et la fiabilité du test de flexion profonde du tronc chez les enfants d’école primaire.</div></div><div><h3>Équipement et méthodes</h3><div>Un total de 538 participants a effectué au moins un essai du test de flexion profonde du tronc; le test de souplesse de « Sit and Reach » a été utilisé pour évaluer la validité du test de flexion profonde du tronc.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Les résultats ont indiqué une excellente fiabilité relative pour l’ensemble de l’échantillon (ICC : 0,912 ; IC à 95 % [0,867–0,938]) et pour les filles (ICC : 0,925 ; IC à 95 % [0,882–0,950]), tandis que dans le groupe des garçons, la fiabilité était bonne (ICC : 0,888 ; IC à 95 % [0,828–0,923]). La fiabilité absolue a donné des valeurs considérées comme bonnes, avec une excellente SEM (1,8<!--> <!-->cm) et une MDC (changement minimum détectable) acceptable (5,1<!--> <!-->cm). Des corrélations significatives ont été observées entre la flexion profonde du tronc et le « Sit and Reach » po
{"title":"Reliability and validity of the deep trunk flex test for assessing flexibility in primary school children","authors":"D. González-Devesa , S. Varela , J.C. Diz-Gómez , C. Ayán-Pérez","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>An evident reduction in flexibility has been observed among young individuals, highlighting the imperative requirement for strategies dedicated to the enhancement of flexibility. Assessing flexibility in children is of paramount importance owing to its intrinsic connection with motor competence, postural health, and the prevention of health-related issues.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Deep Trunk Flexion test in a primary school children.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>A total of 538 participants completed at least one trial of the Deep Trunk Flexion test; Sit and Reach test was used to identify the convergent validity of the Deep Trunk Flexion.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results indicated excellent relative reliability for the entire sample (ICC: 0.912; 95% CI [0.867–0.938]) and for the girls (ICC: 0.925; 95% CI [0.882–0.950]), while in the boys group reliability was good (ICC: 0.888; 95% CI [0.828–0.923]). Absolute reliability yielded good values, with an excellent SEM (1.8<!--> <!-->cm) and an acceptable MDC (5.1<!--> <!-->cm). Fair significant correlations were observed between both the Deep Trunk Flexion and the Sit and Reach for the entire sample (r: 0.431–0.450; <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Deep Trunk Flexion is a valid, reliable, and useful test for assessing flexibility levels among primary school children.</div></div><div><h3>Contexte</h3><div>Une réduction évidente de la souplesse est observée chez les jeunes, soulignant le besoin de stratégies dédiées à l’amélioration de la souplesse du rachis. L’évaluation de la souplesse chez les enfants revêt une importance primordiale en raison de ses relations avec la mobilité et les aptitudes motrices, la santé posturale et la prévention des problèmes de santé.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Cette étude visait à évaluer la validité et la fiabilité du test de flexion profonde du tronc chez les enfants d’école primaire.</div></div><div><h3>Équipement et méthodes</h3><div>Un total de 538 participants a effectué au moins un essai du test de flexion profonde du tronc; le test de souplesse de « Sit and Reach » a été utilisé pour évaluer la validité du test de flexion profonde du tronc.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Les résultats ont indiqué une excellente fiabilité relative pour l’ensemble de l’échantillon (ICC : 0,912 ; IC à 95 % [0,867–0,938]) et pour les filles (ICC : 0,925 ; IC à 95 % [0,882–0,950]), tandis que dans le groupe des garçons, la fiabilité était bonne (ICC : 0,888 ; IC à 95 % [0,828–0,923]). La fiabilité absolue a donné des valeurs considérées comme bonnes, avec une excellente SEM (1,8<!--> <!-->cm) et une MDC (changement minimum détectable) acceptable (5,1<!--> <!-->cm). Des corrélations significatives ont été observées entre la flexion profonde du tronc et le « Sit and Reach » po","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 88-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examined vertical ground reaction forces and their association towards supporting brief and prolonged musculoskeletal performance in female adolescent soccer players.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty female soccer players with an age of 19.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.3 (y), including 3-goal keepers, 9-defenders, 4-mid-fielders, and 4-forwards, were examined once per month over a three-month period. Vertical ground reaction forces were derived from the stretch-shortening cycle during a counter movement jump on a dual force plate system to calculate peak braking force (N), force at minimum displacement (N) and peak propulsive force (N). Brief muscular performance was examined using jump height (cm) and 5<!--> <!-->m and 10<!--> <!-->m sprint time (s). Prolonged muscular performance was assessed using 25<!--> <!-->m sprint time (s) and the YoYo IRTL-l test (m). Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between vertical ground reaction forces and muscular performance measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In all, 5<!--> <!-->m sprint time displayed significant associations with peak propulsive force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.47, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.000), force at minimum displacement (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.40, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004) and peak breaking force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.40, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). A significant association was observed between 10<!--> <!-->m sprint time and peak propulsive force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.39, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005), force at minimum displacement (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.35, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012), and peak breaking force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.36, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.010). Indices of prolonged muscular performance were not significantly associated with vertical ground reaction forces.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vertical ground reaction forces support 5<!--> <!-->m and 10<!--> <!-->m sprint speed in adolescent female soccer players.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Cette étude a permis d’examiner les forces de réaction verticales au sol et leur association aux performances musculosquelettiques brèves et prolongées chez des joueuses de football adolescentes.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><div>Vingt joueuses de football âgées de 19,6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1,3 (ans), dont 3 gardiennes de but, 9 défenseures, 4 milieux de terrain et 4 attaquantes, ont été examinées une fois par mois sur une période de trois mois. Les forces de réaction verticales au sol ont été dérivées du cycle d’étirement-raccourcissement lors d’un saut à contre-mouvement sur un système à double plateformes de force pour calculer la force de freinage maximale (N), la force au déplacement minimum (N) et la force de propulsion maximale (N). De brèves performances musculaires ont été examinées en utilisant la hauteur de saut (cm) et le temps (s) de sprint de 5<!--> <
{"title":"Vertical ground reaction force supports brief sprinting in female soccer players","authors":"A.S. Perrotta , R.P. Oates , W.J. Garland , B.D. Day","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examined vertical ground reaction forces and their association towards supporting brief and prolonged musculoskeletal performance in female adolescent soccer players.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty female soccer players with an age of 19.6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1.3 (y), including 3-goal keepers, 9-defenders, 4-mid-fielders, and 4-forwards, were examined once per month over a three-month period. Vertical ground reaction forces were derived from the stretch-shortening cycle during a counter movement jump on a dual force plate system to calculate peak braking force (N), force at minimum displacement (N) and peak propulsive force (N). Brief muscular performance was examined using jump height (cm) and 5<!--> <!-->m and 10<!--> <!-->m sprint time (s). Prolonged muscular performance was assessed using 25<!--> <!-->m sprint time (s) and the YoYo IRTL-l test (m). Linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between vertical ground reaction forces and muscular performance measures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In all, 5<!--> <!-->m sprint time displayed significant associations with peak propulsive force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.47, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.000), force at minimum displacement (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.40, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.004) and peak breaking force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.40, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). A significant association was observed between 10<!--> <!-->m sprint time and peak propulsive force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.39, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005), force at minimum displacement (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.35, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.012), and peak breaking force (r<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->−0.36, <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.010). Indices of prolonged muscular performance were not significantly associated with vertical ground reaction forces.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Vertical ground reaction forces support 5<!--> <!-->m and 10<!--> <!-->m sprint speed in adolescent female soccer players.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>Cette étude a permis d’examiner les forces de réaction verticales au sol et leur association aux performances musculosquelettiques brèves et prolongées chez des joueuses de football adolescentes.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodes</h3><div>Vingt joueuses de football âgées de 19,6<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->1,3 (ans), dont 3 gardiennes de but, 9 défenseures, 4 milieux de terrain et 4 attaquantes, ont été examinées une fois par mois sur une période de trois mois. Les forces de réaction verticales au sol ont été dérivées du cycle d’étirement-raccourcissement lors d’un saut à contre-mouvement sur un système à double plateformes de force pour calculer la force de freinage maximale (N), la force au déplacement minimum (N) et la force de propulsion maximale (N). De brèves performances musculaires ont été examinées en utilisant la hauteur de saut (cm) et le temps (s) de sprint de 5<!--> <","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 93-97"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143181223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.006
C. Thomson, I. Lesser
<div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Hiking provides opportunities for increasing physical activity engagement among diverse populations. We assessed the relative intensity of hikes classified as “easy” and “intermediate” in a heterogeneous population. Forty-five (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30 female, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15 male) largely recreationally active participants (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> <!-->=<!--> <!-->55 [SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->13.5] years) completed baseline laboratory assessments of aerobic fitness and were grouped into VO<sub>2</sub> peak tertiles for analyses. Percent of laboratory-based maximal heart rate (%HRmax), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and duration were measured throughout hikes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences between tertiles (low, middle, high VO<sub>2</sub> peak) in perceived effort (RPE <em>M</em>(SD): 2.6 (0.5) <em>vs</em>. 2.8 (0.4) <em>vs.</em> 2.8 (0.9)) or intensity (%HRmax: 82 (7) <em>vs.</em> 77 (7) <em>vs.</em> 77 (12)) for either the easy hike or intermediate hikes (data shown are for easy hike) as participants seemed to modulate their pace to complete the hikes at a similar exercise intensity and perception of effort (time to completion for easy hike, <em>M</em>(SD): 51.2 (9.2), 45.7 (8.5) and 39.5 (8.6) minutes). All groups reported greater intensity and effort for the intermediate hike compared to the easy hike (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). We observed differences in hiking enjoyment between tertiles, with the lowest tertile of VO<sub>2</sub> peak reporting less enjoyment on the harder of the two hikes. Participants reported significantly lower anxiety scores after completing the hikes (compared to pre-hike score). Despite differences in VO<sub>2</sub> peak, participants self-selected similar relative rates of exercise intensity regardless of differences in hiking difficulty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combined with improved measures of anxiety, hiking appears to be a positive form of physical activity for the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><div>La randonnée offre la possibilité d’augmenter l’engagement dans l’activité physique au sein de diverses populations. Nous avons évalué l’intensité relative de randonnées classées « faciles » et « intermédiaires » dans une population hétérogène. Quarante-cinq participants (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30 femmes, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15 hommes) principalement actifs (âge moyen<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->55 (13,5) ans) ont effectué des évaluations de base en laboratoire mesurant leur condition aérobique et ont été regroupés en trois niveaux de VO<sub>2</sub> peak pour les analyses. Le pourcentage de la fréquence cardiaque maximale, l’évaluation de l’effort perçu, et la durée ont été mesurés tout au long des randonnées.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Il n’y a pas eu de différences significatives entre les tertiles (VO<sub>2</sub> faible, moyen, élevé)
{"title":"It's all relative: The role of cardiorespiratory fitness in hiking trail difficulty","authors":"C. Thomson, I. Lesser","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Hiking provides opportunities for increasing physical activity engagement among diverse populations. We assessed the relative intensity of hikes classified as “easy” and “intermediate” in a heterogeneous population. Forty-five (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30 female, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15 male) largely recreationally active participants (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> <!-->=<!--> <!-->55 [SD<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->13.5] years) completed baseline laboratory assessments of aerobic fitness and were grouped into VO<sub>2</sub> peak tertiles for analyses. Percent of laboratory-based maximal heart rate (%HRmax), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and duration were measured throughout hikes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences between tertiles (low, middle, high VO<sub>2</sub> peak) in perceived effort (RPE <em>M</em>(SD): 2.6 (0.5) <em>vs</em>. 2.8 (0.4) <em>vs.</em> 2.8 (0.9)) or intensity (%HRmax: 82 (7) <em>vs.</em> 77 (7) <em>vs.</em> 77 (12)) for either the easy hike or intermediate hikes (data shown are for easy hike) as participants seemed to modulate their pace to complete the hikes at a similar exercise intensity and perception of effort (time to completion for easy hike, <em>M</em>(SD): 51.2 (9.2), 45.7 (8.5) and 39.5 (8.6) minutes). All groups reported greater intensity and effort for the intermediate hike compared to the easy hike (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001). We observed differences in hiking enjoyment between tertiles, with the lowest tertile of VO<sub>2</sub> peak reporting less enjoyment on the harder of the two hikes. Participants reported significantly lower anxiety scores after completing the hikes (compared to pre-hike score). Despite differences in VO<sub>2</sub> peak, participants self-selected similar relative rates of exercise intensity regardless of differences in hiking difficulty.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Combined with improved measures of anxiety, hiking appears to be a positive form of physical activity for the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><div>La randonnée offre la possibilité d’augmenter l’engagement dans l’activité physique au sein de diverses populations. Nous avons évalué l’intensité relative de randonnées classées « faciles » et « intermédiaires » dans une population hétérogène. Quarante-cinq participants (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->30 femmes, <em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15 hommes) principalement actifs (âge moyen<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->55 (13,5) ans) ont effectué des évaluations de base en laboratoire mesurant leur condition aérobique et ont été regroupés en trois niveaux de VO<sub>2</sub> peak pour les analyses. Le pourcentage de la fréquence cardiaque maximale, l’évaluation de l’effort perçu, et la durée ont été mesurés tout au long des randonnées.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Il n’y a pas eu de différences significatives entre les tertiles (VO<sub>2</sub> faible, moyen, élevé) ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.09.003
G. Atalay , E.S. Atalay , Z.D. Takinaci
<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Although there are many studies investigating the effect of core stabilization on sportive performance in athletes, studies investigating its effect on disabled athletes are insufficient. This study aims to investigate the effects of core stabilization in wheelchair basketball players.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>The study was planned as a randomized controlled single-blind study. 31 wheelchair basketball players were included in the study. In addition to routine basketball training, the core-training group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15) was given core stabilization training 3 days a week for 12 weeks by a physiotherapist. The control group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) continued the routine basketball-training program. The demographic information of the athletes, core strength, core endurance, sitting balance and sports performance were evaluated. The evaluations were repeated before the core exercise training, at the end of the training (12th week), and at the 6th month.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was observed that the core strength, core endurance, and sitting balance of the core-training group increased significantly (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), and there was no significant change in sports performance (<em>P</em> <!-->˃<!--> <!-->0.05). The control group's core endurance, sitting balance, and sports performance significantly decreased between the two evaluation periods of 6 months (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study was conducted under COVID-19 pandemic conditions, and the intensity of the athletes’ training programs decreased due to the inability to perform in the competitions. This may have affected the results of our study. We suggest that adding core exercises to the training programs can be beneficial for wheelchair basketball players.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Bien qu’il existe de nombreuses études examinant les effets de la stabilisation du tronc sur les performances sportives de sportifs valides, les études chez des athlètes en situation de handicap restent insuffisantes. Cette étude vise à examiner les effets de la stabilisation du tronc chez des joueurs de basketball en fauteuil roulant.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><div>Dans cette randomisée contrôlée à simple insu. 31 joueurs de basketball en fauteuil roulant ont été inclus. En plus de l’entraînement de basketball habituel, le groupe d’entraînement à la stabilisation du tronc (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15) a suivi un programme de stabilisation du tronc à raison de 3 sessions par semaine pendant 12 semaines. Les exercices ont été conduits par un physiothérapeute. Le groupe témoin (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) a suivi un programme d’entraînement de basketball habituel, sans exercices de stabilization du tronc. Les données démographiques des athlètes, les performances des muscles du tronc en force et en endurance, l’
{"title":"Core stabilization training and sports performance in wheelchair basketball players – Randomized controlled single-blind study","authors":"G. Atalay , E.S. Atalay , Z.D. Takinaci","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Although there are many studies investigating the effect of core stabilization on sportive performance in athletes, studies investigating its effect on disabled athletes are insufficient. This study aims to investigate the effects of core stabilization in wheelchair basketball players.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>The study was planned as a randomized controlled single-blind study. 31 wheelchair basketball players were included in the study. In addition to routine basketball training, the core-training group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15) was given core stabilization training 3 days a week for 12 weeks by a physiotherapist. The control group (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) continued the routine basketball-training program. The demographic information of the athletes, core strength, core endurance, sitting balance and sports performance were evaluated. The evaluations were repeated before the core exercise training, at the end of the training (12th week), and at the 6th month.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was observed that the core strength, core endurance, and sitting balance of the core-training group increased significantly (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), and there was no significant change in sports performance (<em>P</em> <!-->˃<!--> <!-->0.05). The control group's core endurance, sitting balance, and sports performance significantly decreased between the two evaluation periods of 6 months (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The study was conducted under COVID-19 pandemic conditions, and the intensity of the athletes’ training programs decreased due to the inability to perform in the competitions. This may have affected the results of our study. We suggest that adding core exercises to the training programs can be beneficial for wheelchair basketball players.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Bien qu’il existe de nombreuses études examinant les effets de la stabilisation du tronc sur les performances sportives de sportifs valides, les études chez des athlètes en situation de handicap restent insuffisantes. Cette étude vise à examiner les effets de la stabilisation du tronc chez des joueurs de basketball en fauteuil roulant.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et méthodes</h3><div>Dans cette randomisée contrôlée à simple insu. 31 joueurs de basketball en fauteuil roulant ont été inclus. En plus de l’entraînement de basketball habituel, le groupe d’entraînement à la stabilisation du tronc (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->15) a suivi un programme de stabilisation du tronc à raison de 3 sessions par semaine pendant 12 semaines. Les exercices ont été conduits par un physiothérapeute. Le groupe témoin (<em>n</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->16) a suivi un programme d’entraînement de basketball habituel, sans exercices de stabilization du tronc. Les données démographiques des athlètes, les performances des muscles du tronc en force et en endurance, l’","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.005
W.J. Zhang , L.L. Feng , J.Y. Qiu , T.F. Lu
<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Functional training, being a means for professional rehabilitation movement disorder treatment, has been less studied of its effects on university students. This comprehensive review is aimed to shed light on this much-neglected topic and call upon recognition of the significance of functional training for university students.</div></div><div><h3>Approaches</h3><div>The authors built up the literature library via concentrated search using “functional training”, “strength training”, “university students” and “functional movement screen” as main identifiers for publications on certified platforms such as PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Attention was specifically given to quantitative experimental studies.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>Three out of the 247 papers searched stood out in meeting the inclusion standards. Collectively, the studies examined the performance of 162 participants, mainly composed of university students in good physical conditions, in four types of functional training: 12-week functional training strategies (FTS), 12-week functional strength training (FST), 8-week CrossFit (CF) and Tactical Warfare Training (TWT). Compared with traditional sports training, FTS showed an advantage of 5.61 points in FMS score and a 23.12-edge in sports performance. The total FMS scores of traditional sports training was optimized by 3.20 points, and sports performance was improved by 16.75. FST created a significantly positive impact on the total FMS score of university students (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), elevating the average score from 13.68 to 16.63. Both CF and TWT effectively helped university students maintain body composition and improve muscle strength and endurance. Push-Ups (repetitions): 30.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->13.2 (CF), 26.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.2 (TWT); Squats (repetitions): 41.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.5 (CF), 39.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.0 (TWT).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Functional training has shown significant advantages in generating higher FMS scores and better athletic performance. It is more effective than traditional methods in enhancing the physical function of university students and reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>L’entraînement fonctionnel, en tant que méthode professionnelle de traitement des troubles du mouvement en réadaptation, a été moins étudié pour ses effets sur la condition physique des étudiants. Cette revue intégrée vise à éclairer cet aspect souvent négligé et à mettre en avant l’importance de l’entraînement fonctionnel dans le contexte universitaire.</div></div><div><h3>Approches</h3><div>Pour constituer la bibliographie, l’auteur a mené une recherche ciblée en utilisant des termes clés pour les publications tels que « entraînement fonctionnel », « entraînement en force », « étudiants » et « évaluation du mouvement fonctionnel » sur des plateformes certifiées telles que PubMed, Web
{"title":"How functional training builds up the physique of university students: An integrated review","authors":"W.J. Zhang , L.L. Feng , J.Y. Qiu , T.F. Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Functional training, being a means for professional rehabilitation movement disorder treatment, has been less studied of its effects on university students. This comprehensive review is aimed to shed light on this much-neglected topic and call upon recognition of the significance of functional training for university students.</div></div><div><h3>Approaches</h3><div>The authors built up the literature library via concentrated search using “functional training”, “strength training”, “university students” and “functional movement screen” as main identifiers for publications on certified platforms such as PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Attention was specifically given to quantitative experimental studies.</div></div><div><h3>Outcomes</h3><div>Three out of the 247 papers searched stood out in meeting the inclusion standards. Collectively, the studies examined the performance of 162 participants, mainly composed of university students in good physical conditions, in four types of functional training: 12-week functional training strategies (FTS), 12-week functional strength training (FST), 8-week CrossFit (CF) and Tactical Warfare Training (TWT). Compared with traditional sports training, FTS showed an advantage of 5.61 points in FMS score and a 23.12-edge in sports performance. The total FMS scores of traditional sports training was optimized by 3.20 points, and sports performance was improved by 16.75. FST created a significantly positive impact on the total FMS score of university students (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), elevating the average score from 13.68 to 16.63. Both CF and TWT effectively helped university students maintain body composition and improve muscle strength and endurance. Push-Ups (repetitions): 30.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->13.2 (CF), 26.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.2 (TWT); Squats (repetitions): 41.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.5 (CF), 39.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->8.0 (TWT).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Functional training has shown significant advantages in generating higher FMS scores and better athletic performance. It is more effective than traditional methods in enhancing the physical function of university students and reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>L’entraînement fonctionnel, en tant que méthode professionnelle de traitement des troubles du mouvement en réadaptation, a été moins étudié pour ses effets sur la condition physique des étudiants. Cette revue intégrée vise à éclairer cet aspect souvent négligé et à mettre en avant l’importance de l’entraînement fonctionnel dans le contexte universitaire.</div></div><div><h3>Approches</h3><div>Pour constituer la bibliographie, l’auteur a mené une recherche ciblée en utilisant des termes clés pour les publications tels que « entraînement fonctionnel », « entraînement en force », « étudiants » et « évaluation du mouvement fonctionnel » sur des plateformes certifiées telles que PubMed, Web ","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.004
B. Wang , D.L. Tran , D.A. Hackett
<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the acute effects of high-load resistance training (HL-RT) combined with blood flow restriction applied during the recovery intervals (BFR-RI) compared to HL-RT without BFR on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>Eighteen male resistance trainers (23.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.7 years, 177.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.9<!--> <!-->cm, 84.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.9<!--> <!-->kg) participated in this randomized and crossover design study. Subjects performed 3 sets of squats at 70% one-repetition maximum until failure with BFR-RI on one occasion and without BFR (Control-CON) on another occasion during the 3-minute inter-set recovery periods. Respiratory gases, heart rate and blood lactate were measured before, during inter-set recovery, and following exercise. Perceived muscle discomfort was measured immediately after the inter-set recovery, while barbell mean concentric velocity (MCV) was measured throughout sets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exercise performance diminished as sets progressed with reduction in repetitions (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) and decreased MCV (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01), but no difference between conditions. Total repetitions were 8.1% greater for CON compared to BFR-RI (2.8 repetitions; ES<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.80, 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.27; 1.32, large effect; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.003). Following each set blood lactate (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) and muscle discomfort (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) increased, with no differences between conditions. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses were higher 10-minutes post-exercise compared to pre-session values (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) but there were no differences between conditions. Findings suggest that BFR applied during the inter-set recovery of HL-RT may result in slight decreases in total training volume but no change in metabolic stress. It is plausible that the timing of measurements influenced the lack of difference in metabolic stress between conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Examiner les effets aigus de l’entraînement en résistance à haute charge (HL-RT) combiné à une restriction du flux sanguin appliquée pendant les intervalles de récupération (BFR-RI) par rapport au HL-RT sans BFR sur les réponses mécaniques, cardioréspiratoires, métaboliques et perceptuelles.</div></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><div>Dix-huit hommes pratiquant la musculation (23,4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2,7 ans, 177,8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5,9<!--> <!-->cm, 84,7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7,9<!--> <!-->kg) ont participé à cette étude randomisée en <em>crossover</em>. Les sujets ont effectué 3 séries de squats à 70 % d’une répétition maximum jusqu’à l’échec avec BFR-RI à une occasion et sans BFR (Control-CON) à une autre occasion pendant les périodes de récupération de 3<!--> <!-->minut
{"title":"Acute effects of blood flow restriction during the recovery periods of squats on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses","authors":"B. Wang , D.L. Tran , D.A. Hackett","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To examine the acute effects of high-load resistance training (HL-RT) combined with blood flow restriction applied during the recovery intervals (BFR-RI) compared to HL-RT without BFR on mechanical, cardiorespiratory, metabolic, and perceptual responses.</div></div><div><h3>Equipment and methods</h3><div>Eighteen male resistance trainers (23.4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2.7 years, 177.8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5.9<!--> <!-->cm, 84.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7.9<!--> <!-->kg) participated in this randomized and crossover design study. Subjects performed 3 sets of squats at 70% one-repetition maximum until failure with BFR-RI on one occasion and without BFR (Control-CON) on another occasion during the 3-minute inter-set recovery periods. Respiratory gases, heart rate and blood lactate were measured before, during inter-set recovery, and following exercise. Perceived muscle discomfort was measured immediately after the inter-set recovery, while barbell mean concentric velocity (MCV) was measured throughout sets.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Exercise performance diminished as sets progressed with reduction in repetitions (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) and decreased MCV (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01), but no difference between conditions. Total repetitions were 8.1% greater for CON compared to BFR-RI (2.8 repetitions; ES<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.80, 95% CI<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.27; 1.32, large effect; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.003). Following each set blood lactate (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) and muscle discomfort (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) increased, with no differences between conditions. Cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses were higher 10-minutes post-exercise compared to pre-session values (<em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.01) but there were no differences between conditions. Findings suggest that BFR applied during the inter-set recovery of HL-RT may result in slight decreases in total training volume but no change in metabolic stress. It is plausible that the timing of measurements influenced the lack of difference in metabolic stress between conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Examiner les effets aigus de l’entraînement en résistance à haute charge (HL-RT) combiné à une restriction du flux sanguin appliquée pendant les intervalles de récupération (BFR-RI) par rapport au HL-RT sans BFR sur les réponses mécaniques, cardioréspiratoires, métaboliques et perceptuelles.</div></div><div><h3>Matériel et méthodes</h3><div>Dix-huit hommes pratiquant la musculation (23,4<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->2,7 ans, 177,8<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->5,9<!--> <!-->cm, 84,7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->7,9<!--> <!-->kg) ont participé à cette étude randomisée en <em>crossover</em>. Les sujets ont effectué 3 séries de squats à 70 % d’une répétition maximum jusqu’à l’échec avec BFR-RI à une occasion et sans BFR (Control-CON) à une autre occasion pendant les périodes de récupération de 3<!--> <!-->minut","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 45-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2023.09.007
G. Mallett , B. Schoenfeld , T. Purdom , A. Galpin
<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Maximal oxygen uptake signifies the greatest rate of consumed oxygen and is commonly measured for clinical exercise testing, cardiovascular fitness, and aerobic endurance. During continued endurance exercise, cardiac efficiency must be sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of working tissues. As a result, maximal oxygen testing is considered the gold standard for determining endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness. An increase in oxygen utilization suggests a more efficient oxygen consumption and use by working muscles, which affords the potential of sustained exercise workload.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A literature search was done using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus with keywords of maximal oxygen uptake, lactate threshold, cardiac output, and endurance/aerobic training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four important physiological factors may limit maximum oxygen uptake. Three limitations are considered central: (1) respiratory system, (2) maximum cardiac output, and (3) oxygen-carrying capacity. The fourth factor relates to a peripheral limitation, specifically mitochondrial and capillary density. Adaptations within the cardiovascular and metabolic systems arising from endurance training are numerous.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These adaptations are exhibited from improvements in significant parameters of endurance fitness, specifically maximal oxygen uptake and lactate threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An improvement in more than one of these parameters will result in an improvement in endurance exercise performance. Several studies have investigated the effects of endurance training on cardiovascular and metabolic function. The results from these studies are varied and contradictory. Table S1 summarizes the relevant studies and their findings.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>La consommation maximale d’oxygène représente le débit le plus élevé d’oxygène consommé et est généralement mesurée lors de tests d’effort pour évaluer la condition cardiovasculaire et l’endurance aérobie. Pendant l’exercice d’endurance continu, l’efficacité cardiaque doit être suffisante pour répondre aux exigences métaboliques des tissus. Par conséquent, le test de VO<sub>2max</sub> est considéré comme l’étalon-or pour déterminer l’endurance et l’aptitude cardiorespiratoire. Une augmentation de celle-ci suggère une consommation et une utilisation plus efficaces de l’oxygène par les muscles qui travaillent, ce qui offre le potentiel d’une charge de travail soutenue.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodologie</h3><div>Une recherche documentaire a été effectuée à l’aide de PubMed, de ScienceDirect et de Scopus avec comme mots clés consommation maximale d’oxygène, seuil de lactate, débit cardiaque et entraînement aérobie/d’endurance.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Quatre facteurs physiologiques importants peuvent limiter la consommation maximale d’oxygène. Trois limites sont considérées com
{"title":"Physiological factors that affect maximal oxygen uptake and lactate threshold during endurance training","authors":"G. Mallett , B. Schoenfeld , T. Purdom , A. Galpin","doi":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.09.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scispo.2023.09.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Maximal oxygen uptake signifies the greatest rate of consumed oxygen and is commonly measured for clinical exercise testing, cardiovascular fitness, and aerobic endurance. During continued endurance exercise, cardiac efficiency must be sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of working tissues. As a result, maximal oxygen testing is considered the gold standard for determining endurance and cardiorespiratory fitness. An increase in oxygen utilization suggests a more efficient oxygen consumption and use by working muscles, which affords the potential of sustained exercise workload.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>A literature search was done using PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus with keywords of maximal oxygen uptake, lactate threshold, cardiac output, and endurance/aerobic training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Four important physiological factors may limit maximum oxygen uptake. Three limitations are considered central: (1) respiratory system, (2) maximum cardiac output, and (3) oxygen-carrying capacity. The fourth factor relates to a peripheral limitation, specifically mitochondrial and capillary density. Adaptations within the cardiovascular and metabolic systems arising from endurance training are numerous.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>These adaptations are exhibited from improvements in significant parameters of endurance fitness, specifically maximal oxygen uptake and lactate threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>An improvement in more than one of these parameters will result in an improvement in endurance exercise performance. Several studies have investigated the effects of endurance training on cardiovascular and metabolic function. The results from these studies are varied and contradictory. Table S1 summarizes the relevant studies and their findings.</div></div><div><h3>Objectif</h3><div>La consommation maximale d’oxygène représente le débit le plus élevé d’oxygène consommé et est généralement mesurée lors de tests d’effort pour évaluer la condition cardiovasculaire et l’endurance aérobie. Pendant l’exercice d’endurance continu, l’efficacité cardiaque doit être suffisante pour répondre aux exigences métaboliques des tissus. Par conséquent, le test de VO<sub>2max</sub> est considéré comme l’étalon-or pour déterminer l’endurance et l’aptitude cardiorespiratoire. Une augmentation de celle-ci suggère une consommation et une utilisation plus efficaces de l’oxygène par les muscles qui travaillent, ce qui offre le potentiel d’une charge de travail soutenue.</div></div><div><h3>Méthodologie</h3><div>Une recherche documentaire a été effectuée à l’aide de PubMed, de ScienceDirect et de Scopus avec comme mots clés consommation maximale d’oxygène, seuil de lactate, débit cardiaque et entraînement aérobie/d’endurance.</div></div><div><h3>Résultats</h3><div>Quatre facteurs physiologiques importants peuvent limiter la consommation maximale d’oxygène. Trois limites sont considérées com","PeriodicalId":21728,"journal":{"name":"Science & Sports","volume":"40 1","pages":"Pages 10-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143182225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2024.01.004
J.A. Kwon , Y.T. Kwon
<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This study examined the association between the number of days of walking participation and frequency of eating, depressive, and sleep disorders symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data of 231,351 Korean adults were obtained from the 2022 Community Health Survey. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association, which was also analyzed by sex and age. The results showed that the more days adults with eating or depressive disorder walked, the less likely they were to suffer from symptoms. Additionally, the more severe the eating or depressive disorder symptoms, the greater the effect of walking. Thus, walking was effective in reducing the symptoms of eating and depressive disorders. For adults with sleep disorders, walking compared with not walking was more likely to cause symptoms. However, regardless of the age and sex, as the number of walking days increased, the degree of sleep disturbance decreased. Specifically, for eating disorder symptoms, adults who walked 5 or more days per week compared with those who did not walk were 0.939 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.912–0.968, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), 0.755 (95% CI: 0.705–0.808, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), and 0.667 (95% CI: 0.623–0.713, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) less likely to suffer from eating disorder symptoms for several days, more than a week, and almost daily, respectively. For depressive disorder symptoms, adults who walked 5 or more days per week compared with those who did not walk were 0.967 (95% CI: 0.938–0.997, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.05), 0.717 (95% CI: 0.666–0.773, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001), and 0.645 (95% CI: 0.594–0.700, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) less likely to suffer from depressive disorder symptoms for several days, more than a week, and almost daily, respectively. For sleep disorder symptoms, adults who walked 5 or more days per week compared with those who did not walk were 1126 (95% CI: 1095–1158, <em>P</em> <!--><<!--> <!-->0.001) more likely to suffer sleep disorder symptoms for several days.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Walking was effective for women with eating disorders and depression and for men with sleep disorders. Furthermore, the effect of walking was greater among individuals aged 65 years or older, as they were less likely to suffer from eating, depressive, and sleep disorder symptoms than those observed among individuals aged 19–44 and 45–64 years. The results of this study serve as foundational data for the development and implementation of walking programs that improve the quality of life of people suffering from eating, depressive, and sleep disorder symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Objectifs</h3><div>Cette étude a examiné l’association entre le nombre de jours de marche et la fréquence des symptômes de troubles de l’alimentation, de dépression et de troubles du sommeil.</div></div><div><h3>Matériels et métho
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