ABSTRACT The application of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is restricted due to its high flammability and dripping phenomenon. This paper used bio-based phytic acid (PA) and gelatine (G) for flame retardant and anti-dripping treatment of PET fabric. The coated PET fabric achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value greater than 29.5% and no dripping phenomenon revealing that its flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties were obviously improved. The LOI value of PA/G coated PET fabric after washing was over 26% showing good washing durability. The PA/G coating could change the starting decomposition stability and the degradation process of PET fabric and promote to form the stable char. PA/G coating formed an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system on PET fabric to act through the IFR mechanism. This research is expected to result in a novel eco-friendly coating for flame retardant and anti-dripping thermoplastic polyester fabric.
{"title":"Flame retardant and anti-dripping polyethylene terephthalate fabric based on bio-based phytic acid/gelatine coating","authors":"Yinchun Fang, Jianguo Wu, Shuo Chang, Lingshuang Wu","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2193004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2193004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The application of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is restricted due to its high flammability and dripping phenomenon. This paper used bio-based phytic acid (PA) and gelatine (G) for flame retardant and anti-dripping treatment of PET fabric. The coated PET fabric achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) value greater than 29.5% and no dripping phenomenon revealing that its flame retardancy and anti-dripping properties were obviously improved. The LOI value of PA/G coated PET fabric after washing was over 26% showing good washing durability. The PA/G coating could change the starting decomposition stability and the degradation process of PET fabric and promote to form the stable char. PA/G coating formed an intumescent flame retardant (IFR) system on PET fabric to act through the IFR mechanism. This research is expected to result in a novel eco-friendly coating for flame retardant and anti-dripping thermoplastic polyester fabric.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"49 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47643731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2193003
X. Y. Li, J. Gong, J. H. Ma
ABSTRACT Ceramic membranes characterised by corrosion resistance, high-temperature applicability, and reusability are especially suitable for wastewater treatment. In this research, Titania dioxide (TiO2) was fabricated on surfaces of alumina (Al2O3) membranes by hydrothermal reaction and factors that influenced their morphologies were investigated. SEM images showed needle-like TiO2 crystals filling up the pores on the membrane surfaces. We investigated the photocatalytic activity and continuous separation performance of the TiO2 coating alumina membranes using Congo red dye as a model organic pollutant. The results showed that the dye removal ratio remained at about 98% in a 120 h continuous filtration test. Furthermore, we proposed an easy and low-cost membrane regeneration method based on the photocatalytic degradation of TiO2 crystals. The regenerated membrane still showed excellent continuous filtration ability, indicating the good potential application in the treatment of dye effluents.
{"title":"Tio2 coating on alumina membranes for continuous separation of dyes","authors":"X. Y. Li, J. Gong, J. H. Ma","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2193003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2193003","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ceramic membranes characterised by corrosion resistance, high-temperature applicability, and reusability are especially suitable for wastewater treatment. In this research, Titania dioxide (TiO2) was fabricated on surfaces of alumina (Al2O3) membranes by hydrothermal reaction and factors that influenced their morphologies were investigated. SEM images showed needle-like TiO2 crystals filling up the pores on the membrane surfaces. We investigated the photocatalytic activity and continuous separation performance of the TiO2 coating alumina membranes using Congo red dye as a model organic pollutant. The results showed that the dye removal ratio remained at about 98% in a 120 h continuous filtration test. Furthermore, we proposed an easy and low-cost membrane regeneration method based on the photocatalytic degradation of TiO2 crystals. The regenerated membrane still showed excellent continuous filtration ability, indicating the good potential application in the treatment of dye effluents.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"125 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45989687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2194500
M. Di Siena, S. Genna, S. Guarino, N. Ucciardello
ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of the electroplating process parameters, such as temperature, graphene concentration in the bath and current density, on the electrical properties of a copper-coated aluminium alloy (AA6082). Based on previous experiences, a full factorial plan was developed and tested through the Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology to find a relation between parameters and properties. After validating the setup and the significance of the three input process parameters, a statistical model for copper electrodeposition is presented; the latter takes into account the physical interaction of the graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). From the results, the GNP amount is able to modify the electrical resistance of the copper coating; in detail, the resistance passes from 0.0319 to 0.02 mΩ, allowing a reduction of about 35% at the highest GNP content. Furthermore, an optimization following the new experimental model to decrease the electrical resistance of the graphene-based coating is presented. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Study of the electroplating process parameters on the electrical resistance of an aluminium alloy with a Cu-graphene-based coating","authors":"M. Di Siena, S. Genna, S. Guarino, N. Ucciardello","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2194500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2194500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study investigates the effects of the electroplating process parameters, such as temperature, graphene concentration in the bath and current density, on the electrical properties of a copper-coated aluminium alloy (AA6082). Based on previous experiences, a full factorial plan was developed and tested through the Design of Experiments (DOE) methodology to find a relation between parameters and properties. After validating the setup and the significance of the three input process parameters, a statistical model for copper electrodeposition is presented; the latter takes into account the physical interaction of the graphene nanoplatelets (GNP). From the results, the GNP amount is able to modify the electrical resistance of the copper coating; in detail, the resistance passes from 0.0319 to 0.02 mΩ, allowing a reduction of about 35% at the highest GNP content. Furthermore, an optimization following the new experimental model to decrease the electrical resistance of the graphene-based coating is presented. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"90 - 101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49286078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2194501
S. Wang, Y. Liu, H. Liu, Y. Lan
ABSTRACT The paper discusses an in-situ estimated methodology of coating using the equivalent circuit for the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. An equivalent circuit of the second-order nonlinear structure can be proposed from the transient load waveform and the arc image recorded during pulsed bipolar PEO treatment. The transfer function of the linear part of the model was derived from Kirchhoff's law and Laplace's transformation rule; the nonlinear part of the model was fitted using Fitting Theory. Then the calculation method of each element value was derived in the equivalent circuit. The characterisation results of the coating properties show that the changes of different element values by the equivalent circuit can reflect the changes in coating thickness, coating density and discharge intensity. The relationship between the values of several elements and the microstructure of the coating is analysed comprehensively; a prediction method for the corrosion resistance of the coating is provided.
{"title":"In-situ estimate of coating by equivalent circuit for PEO of AZ31B","authors":"S. Wang, Y. Liu, H. Liu, Y. Lan","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2194501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2194501","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The paper discusses an in-situ estimated methodology of coating using the equivalent circuit for the plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process. An equivalent circuit of the second-order nonlinear structure can be proposed from the transient load waveform and the arc image recorded during pulsed bipolar PEO treatment. The transfer function of the linear part of the model was derived from Kirchhoff's law and Laplace's transformation rule; the nonlinear part of the model was fitted using Fitting Theory. Then the calculation method of each element value was derived in the equivalent circuit. The characterisation results of the coating properties show that the changes of different element values by the equivalent circuit can reflect the changes in coating thickness, coating density and discharge intensity. The relationship between the values of several elements and the microstructure of the coating is analysed comprehensively; a prediction method for the corrosion resistance of the coating is provided.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"112 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43927104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2191885
Ayush Jain, N. Vashishtha, Rajesh Kannan P
ABSTRACT The research is aimed to understand the effect of WC/C coating on the bearing rolling elements to improve fatigue life in surface distress conditions. The 1–1.5 microns optimized coating thickness was deposited on the steel substrate using the PVD process. The coating’s physical and chemical properties were analysed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, contact profilometer, nanoindentation hardness, and micro scratch indenter. The wear properties were compared on a ball-on-disc tribometer with and without a coated specimen. The bearing tests were performed in contaminated and clean lubrication conditions to prove the coating’s effect on bearing life in surface distress conditions. Results show that coated roller bearings perform at least two times that of the standard bearing. The overall benefit of less friction and wear resistance was due to the polishing action and coating transfer mechanism of multi-layer coating which increases oil film thickness between contacts and hence improve bearing life.
{"title":"Effect of WC/C coated rolling element to improve bearing life","authors":"Ayush Jain, N. Vashishtha, Rajesh Kannan P","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2191885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2191885","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The research is aimed to understand the effect of WC/C coating on the bearing rolling elements to improve fatigue life in surface distress conditions. The 1–1.5 microns optimized coating thickness was deposited on the steel substrate using the PVD process. The coating’s physical and chemical properties were analysed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, contact profilometer, nanoindentation hardness, and micro scratch indenter. The wear properties were compared on a ball-on-disc tribometer with and without a coated specimen. The bearing tests were performed in contaminated and clean lubrication conditions to prove the coating’s effect on bearing life in surface distress conditions. Results show that coated roller bearings perform at least two times that of the standard bearing. The overall benefit of less friction and wear resistance was due to the polishing action and coating transfer mechanism of multi-layer coating which increases oil film thickness between contacts and hence improve bearing life.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"39 1","pages":"74 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44731820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2022.2161230
Yonghua Chen, Liang-ping Wu, A. Atrens, Fusheng Pan
ABSTRACT Corrosion of metals is a long-standing problem in many engineering fields. Recently, microporous and nanoporous materials, MOFs (metal-organic frameworks), have attracted much attention in the field of inorganic and organic chemistry. However, there are few studies on MOFs as protective coatings. This paper reviews (i) the basic structure, synthesis methods and types of MOFs, (ii) their growth patterns, (iii) research progress and functional mechanisms of MOFs in different fields (such as corrosion resistance, antibacterial and flame retardant), (iv) computational chemistry in the research field of MOFs to provide theoretical basis for designing MOFs with the best performance, determining the best synthesis conditions and operating parameters and (v) the application prospect of MOFs in the field of corrosion, and attempts to spread the application of MOFs to other fields.
{"title":"A review of metal-organic framework protective coatings for light metals","authors":"Yonghua Chen, Liang-ping Wu, A. Atrens, Fusheng Pan","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2022.2161230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2022.2161230","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Corrosion of metals is a long-standing problem in many engineering fields. Recently, microporous and nanoporous materials, MOFs (metal-organic frameworks), have attracted much attention in the field of inorganic and organic chemistry. However, there are few studies on MOFs as protective coatings. This paper reviews (i) the basic structure, synthesis methods and types of MOFs, (ii) their growth patterns, (iii) research progress and functional mechanisms of MOFs in different fields (such as corrosion resistance, antibacterial and flame retardant), (iv) computational chemistry in the research field of MOFs to provide theoretical basis for designing MOFs with the best performance, determining the best synthesis conditions and operating parameters and (v) the application prospect of MOFs in the field of corrosion, and attempts to spread the application of MOFs to other fields.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"807 - 829"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42372651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2168595
Arvind Kumar Singh, Anup Malik, H. Mali
ABSTRACT Numerous techniques are used for the surface modification of titanium alloy. This research uses electric discharge-assisted centreless turning (EDCLT) to modify the titanium alloy surfaces used for dental implants. Experimentations were planned according to the L9 Taguchi orthogonal array design. Impulse current (IP), Pulse on time (Ton), and pulse off time (Toff) were selected as input variables, and surface roughness and hardness as output variables. The machined surface’s average surface roughness (Ra) was less than 1.90 µm. In contrast to unmachined surfaces, the machined surfaces had improved corrosion resistance and bioactivity. The average hardness of machining surfaces was found to be from 43.1 HRC to 52.8 HRC, while unmachined surfaces had an average hardness of 42.7 HRC. The machined piece with an average surface roughness (Ra) of 1.25 µm got the highest bone mineralization compared to other surface roughness.
{"title":"Surface modification of cylindrical implants using electric discharge-assisted centreless turning","authors":"Arvind Kumar Singh, Anup Malik, H. Mali","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2168595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2168595","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Numerous techniques are used for the surface modification of titanium alloy. This research uses electric discharge-assisted centreless turning (EDCLT) to modify the titanium alloy surfaces used for dental implants. Experimentations were planned according to the L9 Taguchi orthogonal array design. Impulse current (IP), Pulse on time (Ton), and pulse off time (Toff) were selected as input variables, and surface roughness and hardness as output variables. The machined surface’s average surface roughness (Ra) was less than 1.90 µm. In contrast to unmachined surfaces, the machined surfaces had improved corrosion resistance and bioactivity. The average hardness of machining surfaces was found to be from 43.1 HRC to 52.8 HRC, while unmachined surfaces had an average hardness of 42.7 HRC. The machined piece with an average surface roughness (Ra) of 1.25 µm got the highest bone mineralization compared to other surface roughness.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"996 - 1006"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48388011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2184453
Maolin Yang, Ping Lu, Zhonghua Zhang, Lin Chen, Yao Qu, Jie Wu
ABSTRACT A TiO2/ZnO composite film which served as the bind-free anode for lithium-ion battery was rapidly constructed on Ti foil by the one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation process. The fabricated TiO2-based transition metal oxide composites took advantage of the high theoretical capacity of ZnO and the good structural stability of TiO2, showing a high specific capacity (706.2 mAh g−1 over 400 cycles at 0.1 A g−1) and a good rate capability (capacity reversible after 2.0 A g−1). When the scan rate gradually elevated from 0.2 to 1.0 mV s−1, the pseudocapacitance contribution increased from 63.9% to 81.2%. Besides, the hole-containing morphology of the film guaranteed efficient diffusion and excellent dynamic characteristics for Li + . The whole film preparation process was accompanied by a facile in-liquid plasma discharge with an average electron temperature of 3519 K. This high-efficiency and low-cost approach extends the practical territory of transition metal oxide anodes.
摘要采用一步等离子体电解氧化法在钛箔上快速制备了一层TiO2/ZnO复合膜，作为锂离子电池的无结合阳极。所制备的TiO2基过渡金属氧化物复合材料利用了ZnO的高理论容量和TiO2良好的结构稳定性，显示出高比容量（706.2 mAh g−1，在0.1下400次循环 A g−1）和良好的倍率性能（2.0后容量可逆 A g−1）。当扫描速率从0.2逐渐升高到1.0时 mV s−1时，赝电容的贡献率从63.9%增加到81.2%。此外，薄膜的含孔形态保证了Li的有效扩散和优异的动力学特性 + . 整个膜制备过程伴随着平均电子温度为3519的液体等离子体放电 K.这种高效和低成本的方法扩展了过渡金属氧化物阳极的实用领域。
{"title":"Facile fabrication of TiO2/ZnO composite film anode by plasma electrolysis","authors":"Maolin Yang, Ping Lu, Zhonghua Zhang, Lin Chen, Yao Qu, Jie Wu","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2184453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2184453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A TiO2/ZnO composite film which served as the bind-free anode for lithium-ion battery was rapidly constructed on Ti foil by the one-step plasma electrolytic oxidation process. The fabricated TiO2-based transition metal oxide composites took advantage of the high theoretical capacity of ZnO and the good structural stability of TiO2, showing a high specific capacity (706.2 mAh g−1 over 400 cycles at 0.1 A g−1) and a good rate capability (capacity reversible after 2.0 A g−1). When the scan rate gradually elevated from 0.2 to 1.0 mV s−1, the pseudocapacitance contribution increased from 63.9% to 81.2%. Besides, the hole-containing morphology of the film guaranteed efficient diffusion and excellent dynamic characteristics for Li + . The whole film preparation process was accompanied by a facile in-liquid plasma discharge with an average electron temperature of 3519 K. This high-efficiency and low-cost approach extends the practical territory of transition metal oxide anodes.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"957 - 967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48673915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2175505
O. Berger
ABSTRACT In order to promote the application of TiO2 in surface modification technologies, a detailed understanding of its structure and properties is necessary. For this reason, the reactivity and corresponding surface chemistry of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric single crystals of titanium dioxide have been widely studied. In Part II of this review, special attention is paid to the role of individual surface sites and the effect of available charge on the adsorption processes on stoichiometric and reduced single crystal rutile and anatase surfaces. In addition, the most appropriate surface science methods used to study the surface chemistry of these surfaces are also highlighted. An understanding of the interaction of H2O and O2 with oxide surfaces is extremely important because these adsorbates form a de facto part of the environment in all technological applications. Moreover, they play an extraordinarily important role in the processes taking place in high-performance devices in the fields of energy, environment, and health. Consequently, special consideration is given to the adsorption and dissociation processes of the most technologically important inorganic adsorbates, such as H2O and O2, on model low Miller index single crystal surfaces of titania. In addition, light-induced reactivity of TiO2 and its application is also considered. Furthermore, the engineering of TiO2 nanocrystals with well-defined facets, their unusual photocatalytic properties, and applications are also briefly considered.
{"title":"Understanding the fundamentals of TiO2 surfacesPart II. Reactivity and surface chemistry of TiO2 single crystals","authors":"O. Berger","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2175505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2175505","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In order to promote the application of TiO2 in surface modification technologies, a detailed understanding of its structure and properties is necessary. For this reason, the reactivity and corresponding surface chemistry of stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric single crystals of titanium dioxide have been widely studied. In Part II of this review, special attention is paid to the role of individual surface sites and the effect of available charge on the adsorption processes on stoichiometric and reduced single crystal rutile and anatase surfaces. In addition, the most appropriate surface science methods used to study the surface chemistry of these surfaces are also highlighted. An understanding of the interaction of H2O and O2 with oxide surfaces is extremely important because these adsorbates form a de facto part of the environment in all technological applications. Moreover, they play an extraordinarily important role in the processes taking place in high-performance devices in the fields of energy, environment, and health. Consequently, special consideration is given to the adsorption and dissociation processes of the most technologically important inorganic adsorbates, such as H2O and O2, on model low Miller index single crystal surfaces of titania. In addition, light-induced reactivity of TiO2 and its application is also considered. Furthermore, the engineering of TiO2 nanocrystals with well-defined facets, their unusual photocatalytic properties, and applications are also briefly considered.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"846 - 906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43336186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-02DOI: 10.1080/02670844.2023.2172705
S. Xiong, Ruo-tian Wang
ABSTRACT Europium nitrate, ammonium tungstate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were used, and Eu-doped WO3 (WO3:Eu3+) nanopowder was synthesized by the micro-emulsion method. Tetraethyl silicate was hydrolysed into SiO2 and WO3:Eu3+ nanopowder coated with SiO2 (SiO2/WO3:Eu3+) was obtained. The microstructure and morphology of the prepared nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ powders were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM. Results showed that the prepared nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ powders composed of WO3 of monoclinic and SiO2 of amorphous, which was spherical and granular, and the grain size reaches 50 nm. The tribological behaviour of nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ as extreme pressure and anti-wear additive in the water-based fluid was studied by a four-ball machine. The results demonstrate that nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ exhibits superior load-bearing capacity, anti-wear and anti-friction performance in water-based fluid, especially when the optimal concentration of nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ is 0.4 wt-%. WSD, COF and wear volume of the nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ decreased by 62.43%, 30.20% and 67.34%, respectively, compared with that of the water-based fluid.
{"title":"Tribological of Eu-doped WO3 coated with SiO2 transfer film formation on sliding surface","authors":"S. Xiong, Ruo-tian Wang","doi":"10.1080/02670844.2023.2172705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02670844.2023.2172705","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Europium nitrate, ammonium tungstate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide were used, and Eu-doped WO3 (WO3:Eu3+) nanopowder was synthesized by the micro-emulsion method. Tetraethyl silicate was hydrolysed into SiO2 and WO3:Eu3+ nanopowder coated with SiO2 (SiO2/WO3:Eu3+) was obtained. The microstructure and morphology of the prepared nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ powders were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and HRTEM. Results showed that the prepared nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ powders composed of WO3 of monoclinic and SiO2 of amorphous, which was spherical and granular, and the grain size reaches 50 nm. The tribological behaviour of nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ as extreme pressure and anti-wear additive in the water-based fluid was studied by a four-ball machine. The results demonstrate that nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ exhibits superior load-bearing capacity, anti-wear and anti-friction performance in water-based fluid, especially when the optimal concentration of nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ is 0.4 wt-%. WSD, COF and wear volume of the nano-SiO2/WO3:Eu3+ decreased by 62.43%, 30.20% and 67.34%, respectively, compared with that of the water-based fluid.","PeriodicalId":21995,"journal":{"name":"Surface Engineering","volume":"38 1","pages":"930 - 938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2022-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48941834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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